Digital Commons Network^™

They Were Here First: American Indian Tribes, Race, And The Constitutional Minimum, Sarah Krakoff

Publications

In American law, Native nations (denominated in the Constitution and elsewhere as “tribes”) are sovereigns with a direct relationship with the federal government. Tribes’ governmental status situates them differently from other minority groups for many legal purposes, including equal protection analysis. Under current equal protection doctrine, classifications that further the federal government’s unique relationship with tribes and their members are subject to rationality review. Yet this deferential approach has recently been subject to criticism and is currently being challenged in the courts. Swept up in the larger drift toward colorblind or race-neutral understandings of the Constitution, advocates and commentators are …

Bankruptcy Beyond Status Maintenance, Govind Persad

Publications

This Article examines the tendency of current American bankruptcy law to maintain the social and economic status of middle- and upper-class debtors while doing much less to assist poorer debtors and non-debtors. In doing so, it examines and categorizes various aspects of statutory and case law that allow debtors to preserve their prior economic status. After reconstructing and rebutting the normative arguments offered in defense of these provisions, it suggests a proposal for reforming bankruptcy law to emphasize goals other than the maintenance of economic status. Part I of the Article begins by describing ways in which current bankruptcy law …

Finding Aid To Armando Arias Papers, Robin Guthrie

Finding Aids

Materials related to Dr. Armando Arias' involvement in the founding and development of California State University, Monterey Bay, as well as academic and administrative documents from Dr. Arias' role as the Associate Vice President for Academic Affairs, Dean of Social and Behavioral Sciences, and Dean of Arts Humanities and Creative Technologies during 1994 to 1999. This material consists almost exclusively of subject files Dr. Arias maintained during this time, but also includes published reports, catalogs, and binders.

Novel Scheduling Algorithm For Optimizing Real-Time Multimedia Performance In Long Term Evolution-Advanced, Huda Adibah Mohd Ramli, Zairi Ismael Rizman

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Real-time multimedia applications are becoming increasingly popular among mobile cellular users. Given that Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A), which is an emerging mobile cellular standard, needs to support these multimedia applications, packet scheduling is of paramount importance in LTE-A. This paper proposes a packet scheduling algorithm known as novel scheduling for usage in the downlink of LTE-A. It takes channel quality, average throughput, and packet delay into account when determining the priority of each user. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in optimizing real-time multimedia performance for more mobile cellular users.

A New Efficient Block Matching Data Hiding Method Based On Scanning Order Selection In Medical Images, Turgay Aydoğan, Cüneyt Bayilmiş

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Digital technology and the widespread use of the Internet has increased the speeds at which digital data can be obtained and shared in daily life. In parallel to this, there are important concerns regarding the confidentiality of private data during data transmissions and the possibility that data might fall into the hands of third parties. Issues relating to data safety can also affect patients' medical images and other information relating to these images. In this study, we propose a new method based on block matching that can be used to hide the patient information in medical images. In this method, …

Hadoop Framework Implementation And Performance Analysis On A Cloud, Göksu Zeki̇ye Özen, Mehmet Tekerek, Rayi̇mbek Sultanov

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The Hadoop framework uses the MapReduce programming paradigm to process big data by distributing data across a cluster and aggregating. MapReduce is one of the methods used to process big data hosted on large clusters. In this method, jobs are processed by dividing into small pieces and distributing over nodes. Parameters such as distributing method over nodes, the number of jobs held in a parallel fashion, and the number of nodes in the cluster affect the execution time of jobs. The aim of this paper is to determine how the numbers of nodes, maps, and reduces affect the performance of …

A Combined Approach Based On Fuzzy Ahp And Fuzzy Inference System To Rank Reviewers In Online Communities, Hossein Abbasimehr, Mohammadjafar Tarokh

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Online product review communities allow users to share their ideas and opinions about various products and services. Although online reviews as user-generated content can be considered as an invaluable source of information for both consumers and firms, these reviews tend to be of very different quality. To tackle the problem of low quality reviews, we address reviewer credibility and propose an innovative framework. The framework comprises five critical phases for ranking reviewers in terms of credibility using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy inference system. To determine the weights of the features, a fuzzy AHP method was applied. …

E-Mfdbscan: An Evolutionary Clustering Algorithm For Gene Expression Time Series, Atakan Erdem, Taflan İmre Gündem

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

DNA microarray experiments are frequently used because they have various advantages. However, gene expression data from DNA microarray experiments are noisy, and, consequently, the computations that are based on such noisy data may lack accuracy. In this paper, an evolutionary uncertain data-clustering algorithm, E-MFDBSCAN, and a prediction model using E-MFDBSCAN for uncertain data are proposed. The proposed methodology may be successfully applied to noisy gene expression data. In this methodology, global patterns of time series data can be extracted using our evolutionary clustering approach. These patterns are used to infer future projections. In the proposed methodology, an autoregressive time series …

The Design Of A Novel And Portable Energy Performance-Measuring Device For Household Refrigerators, İlhan Koşalay, Okan Bi̇ngöl, Hakki Gökhan İlk, Mahmut Yildirim, Burçi̇n Özkaya

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Refrigerators are one of the main devices used in our daily lives, and they play important roles in storing food and maintaining its freshness. Refrigerator manufacturing is improving day by day and it is important for the appliance to present a diverse array of functions to its users, since usage requirements vary from region to region. For this purpose, refrigerators must pass through various performance tests like an energy efficiency test while they are produced in factories. Factories have designated testing rooms for these performance tests. After the products' release, technical services and customers do not have such a luxury …

Communications Protocol For Power Management In Smart Homes, Milan Bjelica, Mirjana Simic Pejovic

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Emergency situations, incentives for energy efficiency, new pricing plans, and distributed electricity market jointly require home automation systems that would conform an instantaneous load to a dynamically set limit. In this paper, a novel machine-to-machine communications protocol that interconnects a smart grid and smart house is described. ''Intelligent'' domestic appliances use it to coordinate their switch-on times so that the assigned power quota will not be exceeded. In this way, the end-user experience can be improved by reducing the electricity bills, conveniently conforming to prepaid pricing plans, or even by providing continued service at possibly reduced consumption levels during power …

New Use Of The Hits Algorithm For Fast Web Page Classification, Mohamed Nadjib Meadi, Mohamed Chaouki Babahenini, Abdelmalik Taleb Ahmed

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The immense number of documents published on the web requires the utilization of automatic classifiers that allow organizing and obtaining information from these large resources. Typically, automatic web pages classifiers handle millions of web pages, tens of thousands of features, and hundreds of categories. Most of the classifiers use the vector space model to represent the dataset of web pages. The components of each vector are computed using the term frequency inversed document frequency (TFIDF) scheme. Unfortunately, TFIDF-based classifiers face the problem of the large-scale size of input data that leads to a long processing time and an increase in …

Intellimote: A Hybrid Classifier For Classifying Learners' Emotion In A Distributed E-Learning Environment, Lopa Mandal, Rohan Das, Samar Bhattacharya, Pramatha Nath Basu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A huge collection of textual, graphical, audio, and video contents are readily available on the Internet to be used for the purpose of learning. Sentimental feedbacks of learners posted at the end of many of these contents may be considered as genuine reactions of the learners who have gone through the contents. Such learners' sentiments are important inputs for judging the acceptability of a learning material. Analyzing such feedbacks using sentiment analysis techniques can identify the best reusable learning contents that may be used for developing new courseware. This can significantly reduce the time and effort of authoring, which is …

Urban One V. Shabazz, Eastern District Of Virginia

Historical and Topical Legal Documents

No abstract provided.

Gonzalez V. Google, Northern District Of California

Historical and Topical Legal Documents

No abstract provided.

The Ncaa’S Losing Battle: What Happens When Paying Student-Athletes Meets Title Ix?, Lisa M. Scott

Southern Illinois University Law Journal

Compensating student-athletes is no longer a far-fetched idea.  Lawsuits against the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are gaining traction in federal courts, and the NCAA will soon be required to adjust its regulations regarding student-athlete compensation.  Any potential compensation must be given to both male and female student-athletes in substantially proportionate numbers under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972.  The Office of Civil Rights (OCR) determines what constitutes substantially proportionate numbers under Title IX, and therefore, the OCR will determine if collegiate institutions are providing proportionate compensation to student athletes.

This Comment argues that allowing collegiate institutions to …

Fluoride Encapsulation In Calcium Matrix, Piyada Dissara

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Fluoride ion (F-) is an important ingredient in a toothpaste. It protects caries by reacting with hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO)4(OH)2] in tooth enamel to form insoluble fluorapatite [Ca10(PO)4(F)2]. Unfortunately, F- also easily interacts with calcium species in a toothpaste, and then it is deactivated. In this work, we focus on the encapsulation of F- in a shellac bead by using a simple extrusion method. To construct shellac beads, an aqueous solution of F- is injected into an ethanolic solution of shellac. The shellac beads are formed due to insolubility of shellac in water. Then, the beads are transferred into DI water for …

Ferrocene-Bearing Tea Polyphenol Particles As Anticancer Drug Carriers, Punnawich Phaiyarin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Ferrocene is a redox moiety that can be positively charged upon being oxidized. Thus, it is possible to use this moiety to make a polymer platform that is redox responsive regarding their water solubility. Here we prepared polymerized EGCG nanoparticles (pEGCG) and polymerized EGCG gum (pEGCG-gum) from tea polyphenol EGCG. Ferrocene was grafted onto the polymerized tea polyphenol and the obtained polymers were allowed to self-assemble into water-insoluble and indispersible sub-micron particles. The water-insoluble ferrocene-bearing particles became water-dispersible particles with nanometer sizes upon being oxidized by hydrogen peroxide. The oxidized particles, Fc-pEG-gum can inhibit growth of HepG2 liver cancer cells …

Colorimetric Detection Of Cyanide Ions Using Complex Formation And Ctab-Coated Silica, Patita Salee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research presents a new colorimetric method of cyanide detection in solution and water samples based on the extraction of dicyano-bis-(1,10-phenanthroline)-iron(II) complex onto CTAB-coated silica. The complex was formed at pH 10 by using phosphate buffer via the complex formation between tris-(1,10-phenanthroline)-Iron(II) (ferroin) with cyanide ions in CTAB media. When the complex was extracted onto CTAB-coated silica, it resulted in a color change of the material from pale yellow to purple. The changing of color corresponded to cyanide concentration which could be observed by naked-eyes and the color intensity was determined by Image J. The effects of various parameters were …

Synthesis And Supramolecular Polymerization Of Peptide Nucleic Acid-Containing Monomer, Ruttiyakorn Donthongkwa

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Nucleobase-induced self-assembly interaction, have gained much attention as potential non-covalent driving force for generating interesting assembled structures. Pyrrolidinyl peptide nucleic acid (PNA), with (2′R,4′R)-prolyl/(1S,2S)-2-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid backbone (acpcPNA) has shown the recognition with complementary nucleic acids following Watson-Crick base rules. Another PNA system having different stereochemistry on proline ring with a backbone of (2′R,4′S)-prolyl/(1S,2S)-2-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid backbone (epi-acpcPNA) can undergo self-pairing. Here in this work, both acpcPNA- and epi-acpcPNA-functionalized monomers consisting of two PNA segments joined together by a flexible polyethylene glycol linker were prepared on solid support, purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and characterized by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The …

Bioactive Compounds From Lichens And Mycobionts In Trypetheliaceae Family, Suekanya Jarupinthusophon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Chemical constituents of two lichens Marcelaria cumingii and Trypethelium subeluteriae, and four cultured mycobionts from M. cumingii, T. platystomum, T. eluteriae and Trypethelium sp. (Trypetheliaceae) were explored. Their secondary metabolites were structurally elucidated by spectroscopic methods as xanthones, anthraquinones, naphthoquinones and phenalenones. Lichexanthone, parietin, xanthorin and emodin were disclosed as constituents of lichens M. cumingii. Whereas, two anthraquinones: parietin and emodin could be isolated from T. subeluteriae together with another anthraquinone, haematommone. The chemical compositions of four cultured mycobionts were found to totally differ from those from lichen. The phenalenone bipolaride C was derived from T. platystomum while two 1,2-naphthoquinones, …

Composite Fiber Of Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene) And Derivative For Electrochemical Applications, Thanarath Pisuchpen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is a conducting polymer that has many advantages including high conductivity, high transparency, and good stability. Despite its advantages, its insolubility and lack of active groups for further functionalization remain the major obstacles for its applications. In this work, polymer/PEDOT composite fibers were fabricated using solid state polymerization of 2,5-dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (DBEDOT) and its derivative containing carboxylic acid (DBEDOT-C4-COOH) in combination with electrospinning technique to ensure good dispersion of PEDOT in polymer matrix. The well-dispersed electrospun PEDOT/polymer composite the fiber mats were used to modify the screen-printed carbon electrode as testing models. The PEDOT/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite fiber fabricated …

Design And Synthesis Of Selenium Nanoparticles To Overcome Multiple Drug Resistance Of Cancer Cells, Urarika Luesakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The objective of this research is to synthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) stabilized by chitosan as a drug carrier for delivery doxorubicin to overcome drug-resistant in cancer cells. One important mechanism of multidrug resistance (MDR) includes decreased drug influx and increased drug efflux, leading to insufficient drug concentration to kill cancer cells. Therefore, to overcome MDR by increasing cellular uptake, the surface of SeNP was functionalized to provide 3 structural features: (i) a positive charge to improve their solubility, (ii) gallic acid, a hydrophobic molecule to enhance biocompatibility and (iii) folic acid, a targeting molecule to target cancer cells and enhance …

Synthesis Of Thiofuranosides By Dehydrative Glycosylation In Micellar Media, Trichada Ratthachag

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Green and aqueous-based dehydrative glycosylation of thiofuranosides in micellar media was developed. The thiofuranosides are useful as precursors for carbohydrate synthesis, biological active molecules, and bio-surfactants. Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA), a commercially available Brønsted acid-surfactant, was employed to increase solubility of substrates and enhance rate of the glycosylation. Herein, we report the dehydrative glycosylation of furanosides and pyranosides with aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic thiols in aqueous media to afford the thiofuranosides. Microwave irradiation led to improved yields and shorter reaction times. Other reaction parameters such as temperature and the amount of acid used were also optimized. Aliphatic and aromatic thiofuranosides were …

Synthesis And Development Of Dipicolylamine Derivatives As New Fluorescent Chemosensors, Waroton Paisuwan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Di-2-picolylamine (DPA) is a powerful chelator for many transition metal ions. In this thesis, new DPA fluorescent chemosensors consisting of a fluorophore such as either naphthalimide or quinoline are developed. The first part deals with the synthesis of 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives linked 2-, 3-, 4-((bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)methyl)aniline, and 4-amino-2-((bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)methyl)phenol. The metal ion sensing experiments showed N3D was selective toward Ag+ with fluorescent enhancement in aqueous emitting green fluorescence under blacklight. The complexation of [N3D+Ag+] is a 1:1 stoichiometric binding with a limit of detection (LOD) 0.67 µM. Second part is the synthesis of oxazolidinonyl DPA derivatives by using self-developed halo-induced cyclization followed by …

Metabolic Responses Of Aspergillus Niger Es4 To Ethanol Stress, Wimonsiri Kongchai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Aspergillus niger ES4 is a fungus isolated from the top wall of an ethanol tank of the PTT public company limited. Because normally, microorganism cannot tolerate high amount of ethanol, the growth of A. niger ES4 on the ethanol tank indicates the special properties of this fungal strain in response to ethanol. This research was therefore aimed at studying the effects of ethanol on the metabolites production of A. niger ES4 by using both untargeted and targeted metabolomics. When A. niger ES4 cultures were grown in minimal media containing 4% of ethanol for 3 days, A. niger ES4 responded to …

Multi-Layered Elastic Medium Under Axisymmetric Loading And Surface Energy Effects, Kanin Tarntira

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Multi-layered nano-scale structures have been found in a wide range of applications these days. Since the surface energy effect is presented at the nano-scale level, a novel calculation scheme is required to accurately capture the mechanical behaviors of such structures. In this study, a solution scheme for analysis of a multi-layered elastic medium with influence of surface energy effects subjected to axisymmetric loading by adopting Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity theory is presented. The standard Love's representation and Hankel integral transform are employed to derive the general solutions, and the obtained solutions are employed in the determination of the stiffness matrix for …

Weakly Singular Boundary Integral Equation Method For Analysis Of Generalized T-Stresses Of Cracks In 3d Coupled-Field Media, Naruethep Sukulthanasorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis presents the development of a weakly singular boundary integral equation method for the analysis of the generalized T-stress of isolated cracks embedded in a coupled-field whole space. A pair of weak-form integral equations, one for crack-face generalized traction and the other for the gradient of the crack-face generalized displacement, is established in a general framework allowing various types of materials including elastic, piezoelectric, piezomagnetic and piezoelectromagnetic solids, general crack geometry and loading conditions to be handled in a unified fashion. In addition, the final governing integral equations contain only weakly singular kernels and this, as a result, renders …

Analysis Of Near Interface Cracks By Weakly Singular Boundary Integral Equation Method, Pisit Watanavit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis presents a weakly singular boundary integral equation method for analysis of sub-interface cracks in a three-dimensional, linearly elastic, multi-material domain. The formulation is established in a general framework allowing finite bodies, general material anisotropy and loading conditions, arbitrarily shaped cracks, and curved material interface to be treated. A system of integral equations governing the unknown data on the boundary, the crack surface and the material interface are established using a pair of weakly singular, weak-form displacement and traction integral equations and the continuity along the material interface. A symmetric Galerkin boundary element method together with the standard finite …

Role Of Progesterone Receptor A And B Isoforms In Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors, Teeranut Asavasupreechar

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) incidences are increasing in recent years. Women with lung NETs have significantly better survival rates as compared to men suggesting the involvement of sex steroids and their receptors in the progression of lung NETs. Recent data suggested that progesterone receptor (PR) may play a role in the survival of lung NET patients. PR exists as two major isoforms, PRA and PRB. How expression of PR isoforms affects proliferation of lung NETs and patient's survival is not known. To determine the role of PR isoforms in lung NETs, we constructed H727 lung NET cell models expressing PRB …

Developing An Area Classification System From Mobile Phone Usage Data, Naruethai Thongphasook

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Since human activities are vary by time and place, there have been many attempts to extract social behavior in spatial studies which included area use in the city. This information helps gaining advantages in city and facilities planning. Nowadays, many people carry mobile phone with them for communication purpose. This motivates us to analyze mobile phone usage in different area types. This thesis proposes method of an analysis for area use classification from mobile phone usage pattern. CDR data was used to define mobile phone usage pattern by hour from 1:00 to 24:00 and day of week from Monday to …