Digital Commons Network^™

การเปลี่ยนแปลงของเซลล์เม็ดเลือดขาวที่ได้รับสัญญาณจากเซลล์มะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่, ปภัสสร บุญส่งเสริม

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

โรคมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่เป็นโรคมะเร็งที่พบได้บ่อยและยังทำให้ผู้ป่วยเสี่ยงเสียชีวิตได้สูงเป็นอันดับต้นๆ ของโลก จากการศึกษาก่อนหน้านี้พบว่าสารพาราไครน์ที่หลั่งมาจากเซลล์มะเร็งเต้านมสามารถทำให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่สภาวะเหนือพันธุกรรมในเซลล์เม็ดเลือดขาวปกติได้ จึงนำมาสู่การศึกษาในโรคมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่โดยมีสมมติฐานที่ว่าเซลล์มะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่สามารถหลั่งสารพาราไครน์ออกมาและทำให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงในเซลล์เม็ดเลือดขาวชนิดโมโนซัยต์ได้เช่นกันผ่านเทคนิคการจำลองสภาวะการอยู่ร่วมกันระหว่างเซลล์มะเร็งและเซลล์เม็ดเลือดขาวชนิดโมโนซัยต์ของคนปกติ และเมื่อนำเซลล์เม็ดเลือดขาวชนิดโมโนซัยต์ที่ได้จากการทดลองมาตรวจวัดการเปลี่ยนแปลงระดับหมู่เมทิลที่บริเวณไลน์วันพบว่าเกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงระดับหมู่เมทิลที่บริเวณไลน์วันทั้งแบบเพิ่มขึ้นและลดลงในเซลล์มะเร็งลำไส้แต่ละชนิด จนนำไปสู่การทดลองโดยใช้เทคนิคไมโครแอเรย์เพื่อศึกษาการเปลี่ยนแปลงระดับหมู่เมทิลของยีนทั่วทั้งจีโนมจากการจำลองสภาวะการอยู่ร่วมกันระหว่างเซลล์นำมาวิเคราะห์ร่วมกับข้อมูลการเปลี่ยนแปลงในระดับการแสดงออกของยีนจากเลือดของผู้ป่วยโรคมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่ด้วยโปรแกรม CU-DREAM และข้อมูลยีนที่ได้มาวิเคราะห์ต่อร่วมกับการแสดงออกในระดับโปรตีน จากการวิเคราะห์พบว่าที่ยีน MMP9 และยีน PLOD1 มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงระดับหมู่เมทิลเพิ่มขึ้นในตัวอย่างเลือดและมีการแสดงออกในระดับโปรตีนเพิ่มขึ้นในตัวอย่างชิ้นเนื้อและต่อมน้ำเหลืองของผู้ป่วยโรคมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่ จึงสรุปได้ว่าเซลล์มะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่สามารถหลั่งสารพาราไครน์ออกมาได้และสารนี้ยังทำให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่สภาวะเหนือพันธุกรรมและการเปลี่ยนแปลงในระดับโปรตีนของเซลล์เม็ดเลือดขาวได้ ซึ่งผลที่ได้จากงานวิจัยในครั้งนี้อาจนำไปสู่งานวิจัยอื่นๆ เพื่อใช้ค้นหาตัวบ่งชี้มะเร็งและสามารถใช้ในการคัดกรองผู้ป่วยโรคมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่ได้ในอนาคต

ประสิทธิศักย์และความปลอดภัยของยาทาโครลิมัสรูปแบบออกฤทธิ์นานเปรียบเทียบกับรูปแบบออกฤทธิ์ทันทีในผู้ได้รับการปลูกถ่ายไต : อภิวิเคราะห์, วรางคณา แสงราม

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ที่มาและความสำคัญ: ทาโครลิมัสเป็นยาในกลุ่ม calcineurin inhibitor ที่ได้รับการแนะนำให้ใช้เป็นตัวเลือกแรกในผู้ได้รับการปลูกถ่ายไต ปัจจุบันมียา 2 รูปแบบคือ รูปแบบออกฤทธิ์ทันทีที่รับประทานวันละ 2 ครั้ง และรูปแบบออกฤทธิ์นานที่รับประทานวันละ 1 ครั้ง เพื่อเพิ่มความร่วมมือในการใช้ยาของผู้ป่วย การศึกษานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อเปรียบเทียบประสิทธิศักย์และความปลอดภัยของยาทาโครลิมัสรูปแบบออกฤทธิ์นานเปรียบเทียบกับรูปแบบออกฤทธิ์ทันที วิธีการศึกษา: เป็นการอภิวิเคราะห์โดยสืบค้นข้อมูลงานวิจัยที่เป็นการทดลองแบบสุ่มและมีกลุ่มควบคุมที่เปรียบเทียบผลลัพธ์ทางการรักษาระหว่างยาทาโครลิมัสรูปแบบออกฤทธิ์นานกับรูปแบบออกฤทธิ์ทันที โดยสืบค้นงานวิจัยจนถึงวันที่ 20 เมษายน พ.ศ. 2561 ในฐานข้อมูล ได้แก่ PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science และ CINAHL โดยไม่มีการจำกัดภาษาในการตีพิมพ์ ทั้งนี้มีผู้วิจัยสองคนคัดเลือกงานวิจัย สกัดข้อมูลและประเมินความเสี่ยงของอคติอย่างเป็นอิสระต่อกัน ผลการศึกษา: พบงานวิจัยที่ผ่านเกณฑ์การคัดเลือกจำนวน 13 การศึกษา จำนวนประชากรรวม 3,101 ราย ผลการศึกษาไม่พบความแตกต่างของอัตราการปฏิเสธไตเฉียบพลันระหว่างการได้รับยาทั้งสองรูปแบบที่ระยะเวลาภายใน 6 เดือนและ 12 เดือนหลังจากได้รับยา (RR 1.04 [0.83, 1.29] และ RR 1.09 [0.86, 1.37] ตามลำดับ) ไม่พบความแตกต่างของทั้งอัตราการรอดของไต การรอดชีวิตของผู้ป่วยและค่าการทำงานของไต (eGFR) ที่ระยะเวลาภายใน 6 เดือนและ 12 เดือนหลังจากได้รับยา นอกจากนี้ผลการศึกษาในระยะยาวมากกว่า 1 ปี ไม่พบความแตกต่างของอัตราการรอดของไตและอัตราการรอดชีวิตของผู้ป่วยเช่นเดียวกัน สรุปผลการศึกษา: ยาทาโครลิมัสรูปแบบออกฤทธิ์นานมีประสิทธิศักย์และความปลอดภัยเทียบเคียงกับยาทาโครลิมัสรูปแบบออกฤทธิ์ทันทีทั้งการศึกษาในระยะสั้นและในระยะยาว

Extended "Timed Up And Go" Assessment As A Clinical Indicator Of Cognitive State In Parkinson's Disease, T Evans, A Jefferson, M Byrnes, S Walters, S Ghosh, F Mastaglia, B Power, R Anderton

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: To evaluate a modified extended Timed Up and Go (extended-TUG) assessment against a panel of validated clinical assessments, as an indicator of Parkinson’s disease (PD) severity and cognitive impairment.

Methods: Eighty-seven participants with idiopathic PD were sequentially recruited from a Movement Disorders Clinic. An extended-TUG assessment was employed which required participants to stand from a seated position, walk in a straight line for 7 metres, turn 180 degrees and then return to the start, in a seated position. The extended-TUG assessment duration was correlated to a panel of clinical assessments, including the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Quality …

Interventions For Neurocognitive Dysfunction, J Ellero, M Lubomski, B Brew

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Purpose of review: To evaluate current barriers to HIV cure strategies and interventions for neurocognitive dysfunction with a particular focus on recent advancements over the last three years.

Recent findings: Optimal anti-retroviral therapy (ART) poses challenges to minimise neurotoxicity, whilst ensuring blood brain barrier penetration and minimising the risk of cerebrovascular disease. CSF biomarkers, BCL11B and neurofilament light chain may be implicated with a neuroinflammatory cascade leading to cognitive impairment. Diagnostic imaging with diffusion tensor imaging as well as resting-state fMRI show promise in future diagnosis and monitoring of HAND.

Summary: The introduction of ART has resulted in a dramatic …

General Practitioner And Registrar Involvement In Refugee Health: Exploring Needs And Perceptions, C Harding, A Seal, G Duncan, A Gilmour

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: Despite the recognition that refugees should have equitable access to healthcare services, this presents considerable challenges, particularly in rural and regional areas. Because general practitioners (GPs) are critical to resettlement for refugees and play a crucial role in understanding their specific health and social issues, it is important to know more about the needs of GPs.

Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 GPs and GP registrars who trained with a New South Wales regional training provider with the aim of assessing the needs and attitudes of GPs in treating refugees and the perceived effect that refugees have on …

Undetectable Mannose Binding Lectin And Corticosteroids Increase Serious Infection Risk In Rheumatoid Arthritis, Graeme J. Carroll, Krista Makin, Maxine Garnsey, Max Bulsara, Bronwyn V. Carroll, Shona M. Curtin, Erin M. Allan, Andrew Mclean-Tooke, Christine Bundell, Monica L. Kemp, Pooja Deshpande, Dana Ihdayhid, Sophie Coleman, Tracie Easter, James Triplett, Timothy Disteldorf, C Helen Marsden, Michaela Lucas

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Infection is the leading cause of death in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Corticosteroid (CS) use is a known and important risk factor for serious infections (SIs). Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is a genetically determined component of the innate immune system implicated in neonatal infections.

Objective: Our aim was to determine whether MBL deficiency is a risk factor for SIs in RA and to compare it with CS use and also synthetic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy.

Methods: Data on 228 patients with RA were collected for up to 7 years (median = 5.9 years). Serum MBL concentrations were …

Establishing Contemporary Trends In Hepatitis B Sero-Epidemiology In An Indigenous Population, Jane Davies, Shu Qin Li, Steven Y. Tong, Rob W. Baird, Miles Beaman, Geoff Higgins, Benjamin C. Cowie, John R. Condon, Joshua S. Davis

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Indigenous populations globally are disproportionately affected by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection however contemporary sero-prevalence data are often absent. In the Indigenous population of the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia the unique C4 sub-genotype of HBV universally circulates. There are no studies of the sero-prevalence, nor the impact of the vaccination program (which has a serotype mismatch compared to C4), at a population-wide level.

Methods: We examined all available HBV serology results obtained from the three main laboratories serving NT residents between 1991 and 2011. Data were linked with a NT government database to determine Indigenous status and …

Trends In Chlamydia And Gonorrhoea Testing And Positivity In Western Australian Aboriginal And Non-Aboriginal Women 2001-2013: A Population Based Cohort Study, J. Reekie, B. Donovan, R. Guy, J. Hocking, J. Kaldor, D. Mak, S. Pearson, D. Preen, H. Wand, J. Ward, B. Liu

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Aims: To examine trends in chlamydia and gonorrhoea testing and positivity in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women of reproductive age.

Methods: A cohort of 318002 women, born between 1974-1995, residing in Western Australia (WA) was determined from birth registrations and the 2014 electoral roll. This cohort was then probabilistically linked to all records of chlamydia and gonorrhoea nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) conducted between 1st January 2001 and 31st December 2013 by two large WA pathology laboratories. Trends in chlamydia and gonorrhoea testing and positivity were investigated over time and stratified by Aboriginality and age group.

Results: The proportion of women …

Plasmodial Hsp40s: New Avenues For Antimalarial Drug Discovery, M Daniyan, G Blatch

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Malaria, an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium spp, is one of the world's most dangerous diseases, accounting for more than half a million deaths yearly. The long years of co-habitation between the parasite and its hosts (human and mosquito), is a testimony to the parasite’s ability to escape the immune system and develop drug resistance mechanisms. Currently, an important search area for improved pharmacotherapy are molecular chaperones of the heat shock protein family, abundant in Plasmodium falciparum and contributing to its continuous survival and development. Thus far, small molecule inhibitor studies on P. falciparum Hsp70s and Hsp90s have indicated that …

The Psychometric Properties Of The Quick Inventory Of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (Qids-Sr) In Patients With Hbv-Related Liver Disease, Mei Liu, Yuanyuan Wang, Jing Zhao, Sujun Zheng, Gabor S. Ungvari, Chee H. Ng, Zhong-Ping Duan, Yu-Tao Xiang

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Comorbid depression in Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is common. Developing accurate and time efficient tools to measure depressive symptoms in HBV is important for research and clinical practice in China.

Aims: This study tested the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR) in HBV patients.

Methods: The study recruited 245 depressed patients with HBV and related liver disease. The severity of depressive symptoms was assessed with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the QIDS-SR.

Results: Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) was 0.796 for QIDS-SR. The QIDS-SR total score was significantly correlated …

Molecular Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance For Neisseria Gonorrhoeae, Northern Territory, Australia, David Whiley, Ella Trembizki, Cameron Buckley, Kevin Freeman, Rob Baird, Miles Beaman, Marcus Chen, Basil Donovan, Ratan Kundu, Christopher Fairley, Rebecca Guy

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a globally recognized health threat; new strategies are needed to enhance AMR surveillance. The Northern Territory of Australia is unique in that 2 different first-line therapies, based primarily on geographic location, are used for gonorrhea treatment. We tested 1,629 N. gonorrhoeae nucleic acid amplification test–positive clinical samples, collected from regions where ceftriaxone plus azithromycin or amoxicillin plus azithromycin are recommended first-line treatments, by using 8 N. gonorrhoeae AMR PCR assays. We compared results with those from routine culture-based surveillance data. PCR data confirmed an absence of ceftriaxone resistance and a low level of azithromycin …

Community-Based Prescribing For Impetigo In Remote Australia: An Opportunity For Antimicrobial Stewardship, S Oliver, J Cush, J Ward

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Background: To support antibiotic prescribing for both hospital and community-based health professionals working in remote North Western Australia, a multidisciplinary Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) Committee was established in 2013. This Committee is usually focused on hospital-based prescribing. A troubling increase in sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim resistance in Staphylococcus aureus antibiograms from 9 to 18% over 1 year prompted a shift in gaze to community prescribing.

What we did: Finding a paucity of relevant research, we first investigated contextual factors influencing local prescribing. We also designed a systematic survey of experts with experience relevant to our setting using a structured response survey (12 questions) …

Lack Of Evidence For Decreased Protein Stability In The 2397 (Met) Haplotype Of The Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 Protein Implicated In Parkinson’S Disease, Ryan S. Anderton, Lauren Hill, Rhiannon Morris, Frank L. Mastaglia, Wayne Greene, Sherif Boulos

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Missense mutations in the leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the leading genetic cause of autosomal dominant familial Parkinson’s disease. We previously reported that two mutations within the ROC domain, namely R1441C and A1442P, exhibit increased protein degradation leading to lowered steady state LRRK2 protein levels in HEK293 cells. More recently, the common WD40 domain LRRK2 haplotype, Met2397, which is a risk factor for Crohn’s disease, has been shown to lower steady state protein levels in HEK293 cells. In view of recent evidence implicating LRRK2 and inflame-mation in PD, we investigated the effects of Met2397 on LRRK2 expression, …

Patient Predictors Of Poor Drug Sensitive Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes In Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, Omowunmi Aibana, Andrej Slavuckij, Mariya Bachmaha, Viatcheslav Krasiuk, Natasha Rybak, Timothy P Flanigan, Vasyl Petrenko, Megan B Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Ukraine has high rates of poor treatment outcomes among drug sensitive tuberculosis (DSTB) patients, while global treatment success rates for DSTB remain high.

We evaluated baseline patient factors as predictors of poor DSTB treatment outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of new drug sensitive pulmonary TB patients treated in Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine between November 2012 and October 2014. We defined good treatment outcomes as cure or completion and poor outcomes as death, default (lost to follow up) or treatment failure. We performed logistic regression analyses, using routine program data, to identify baseline patient factors associated with poor outcomes. …

Mast Cell Activation By Diverse Stimuli Can Be Suppressed By Steroid Therapy And Targeting The Fyn-Stat5b Cascade, Anuya Paranjape

Theses and Dissertations

Mast cells are critical effectors of allergic disease that can be activated by numerous stimuli. We have examined mast cell control by the inflammatory cytokine, IL-33, as well as IgG. In the first study reported here, we found that the synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, potently and rapidly suppressed IL-33-induced cytokine production from murine bone marrow–derived and peritoneal mast cells, as well as human mast cells. Dexamethasone also antagonized IL-33-mediated enhancement of IgE-induced cytokine production and migration. Although dexamethasone had no effect on IL-33-induced phosphorylation of MAP kinases or NFκB p65 subunit, it antagonized AP-1 and NFκB-mediated transcriptional activity. Finally, intraperitoneal administration …

Comparing The Structural Components Variance Estimator And U-Statistics Variance Estimator When Assessing The Difference Between Correlated Aucs With Finite Samples, Anna L. Bosse

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: The structural components variance estimator proposed by DeLong et al. (1988) is a popular approach used when comparing two correlated AUCs. However, this variance estimator is biased and could be problematic with small sample sizes.

Methods: A U-statistics based variance estimator approach is presented and compared with the structural components variance estimator through a large-scale simulation study under different finite-sample size configurations.

Results: The U-statistics variance estimator was unbiased for the true variance of the difference between correlated AUCs regardless of the sample size and had lower RMSE than the structural components variance estimator, providing better type 1 error …

Role Of Mir-155 And Mir-146a In Mast Cell Function, Amina Abdul Qayum

Theses and Dissertations

Mast cells are resident immune cells abundantly found in the tissue at the host-environment interface, where they play a critical role in inflammatory allergic responses. Mast cell responses may be regulated by the cytokine milieu at the site of inflammation. Recent studies have revealed microRNAs to be important in altering cytokine signaling in immune cells. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that IL-10 and IL-33 induce miR-155 and miR-146a, respectively, to alter mast cell functions. We report that IL-10 enhanced IgE induced activation of mast cells. IL-10 effects are dependent on Stat3 activation, which elicits miR-155 expression, resulting in …

Role Of The Pediatric Dental Provider In Human Papillomavirus (Hpv) Education, Meredith L. Dugoni

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: This study investigates knowledge about HPV and examines if pediatric dental providers should include HPV education for guardians of patients 10-18 years.

Methods: Legal guardians of 10-18 year-old patients of the Virginia Commonwealth University Pediatric Dental Clinic were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Participants completed a baseline survey, were provided HPV education, completed an initial follow-up survey, and then completed a 6-month follow-up survey.

Results: A total of 54 participants completed the baseline and initial follow-up surveys and 17 completed the 6-month follow-up survey. The average number of correct responses was 3.4 of 6 knowledge questions, which significantly …

The Role Of The Nucleosome Remodeling Factor Nurf In Inhibiting T And Natural Killer Cell Mediated Antitumor Immunity By Suppressing Tumor Antigenicity And Natural Cytotoxicity Receptor Co-Ligands, Kimberly Mayes

Theses and Dissertations

Tumor immunoediting is a dynamic process in which the immune response attacks tumor cells by detecting danger signals and tumor antigens. In order to survive, tumor cells develop mechanisms to avoid detection or destruction by the immune system. To counteract this, several strategies are being developed to enhance the antitumor immune response, including the depletion of immunosuppressive cells, enhancing the activation of antitumor immune cells and increasing tumor cell immunogenicity. These therapies have seen limited success individually, however, and it is likely that combination therapy with novel targets will be necessary to see reproducible beneficial responses. Epigenetic modifications are attractive …

Functional Study Of Cmya5, A Candidate Gene For Schizophrenia, Anting Hsiung

Theses and Dissertations

CMYA5 is a candidate gene for schizophrenia because of the association of variant rs10043986 (Pro4063Leu). Studies of CMYA5 and its gene product, myospryn, in brain and neuronal cells have not been previously reported. We examined the neuronal expression of myospryn and its binding partner, desmin intermediate filament (IF), and investigated the difference in binding and colocalization of the two alleles of myospryn to IFs. Myospryn and desmin are expressed in brain regions. Using yeast two-hybrid and surface plasmon resonance, the T allele (Leu) is found to have higher binding affinity to desmin than the C allele (Pro). Myospryn localizes to …

A Targeted Approach To Increasing The African American Blood Donor Pool, Arnethea L. Sutton

Theses and Dissertations

A continuous need for blood products, specifically for those who require frequent transfusions, such as individuals with sickle cell disease, warrants the need for targeted interventions to increase blood donations from underrepresented populations. One population in particular, African Americans, only account for 1% of blood donors in the United States. Literature indicates numerous reasons why this population is underrepresented amongst donors, including fear, lack of knowledge about the blood donation, and specific to this population, lack of trust in the medical community. This study involves the development, implementation, and assessment of a targeted educational approach, incorporating the Theory of Planned …

The Priority Review Voucher Program At The Fda: From Neglected Tropical Diseases To The 21st Century Cures Act, Ana Santos Rutschman

All Faculty Scholarship

The priority review voucher program at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was established in 2007 to incentivize research and development (R&D) in traditionally underfunded diseases.1 While shrouded in controversy and criticism, the program has recently been bolstered by the passage of the 21st Century Cures Act,2 which prevented the vouchers from sunsetting in late 2016 and furthered the overall scope of the program.3 As it reaches the end of its first decade, this Article discusses the impact of the program, with a focus on recent developments. The Article builds on literature suggesting that the voucher program has been ineffective …

One-Step Real-Time Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Rt-Lamp): Evaluation And Its Application For The Detection Of Foot-And-Mouth-Disease Virus And Its Serotypes, Sidra Maryam, Tahir Rasheed, Asma Latif, Rabab Zahra, Aamer Bin Zahur, Aitezaz Ahsan, Muhammad Afzal, Umer Farooq

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Availability of a rapid and sensitive diagnostic technique is key in successful prevention and control of infectious diseases like foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Existing conventional diagnostic tests for FMD are laborious and time-consuming with low sensitivity and specificity. Molecular-based techniques are costly and difficult, involving refined apparatus like a thermal cycler. In the present study, the technique of real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) was standardized for diagnosing FMDV and its serotypes, evaluated using field samples, and compared with the existing real-time PCR in Pakistan. RT-LAMP amplified the target 3D gene using specific primers at 65 °C for 60 min and the …

Promising Synergistic Interactions Among Antimicrobials Against Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia Coli Isolated From Animals, Pinar Şahi̇ntürk, Murat Cengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Prepartum Treatment With Monensin Or Propylene Glycol Mixed With Concentrate On Milk Yield And Blood Nefa And Bhba Levels In Dairy Cows, Zafer Meci̇toğlu, Sevi̇m Kasap, Mehmet Levent Özdüven, Muhi̇tti̇n Özder, Engi̇n Kennerman

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Sixty multiparous Holstein-Friesian dairy cows made up the study sample. Group M (n = 20) received 300 mg/day monensin (Kexxtone, Elanco) for 21 days prior to the expected calving date. Group PGC (n = 20) received propylene glycol, mixed with concentrate and fed separately from total mixed ration (TMR) twice a day in the last 21 days of gestation. The control group, Group C (n = 20) did not receive any treatment prior to parturition. Cows in all three groups received PG (300 mL/day) for 5 days after parturition. Blood samples were collected 21 and 7 days prior to the …

First Report Of Brucella Suis Biovar 2 In Outdoor Reared Pigs(Sus Scrofa Domesticus) In Serbia, Jadranka Zutic, Djordje Cvetojevic, Ljubisa Veljovic, Oliver Radanovic, Slobodan Stanojevic, Branislav Kureljusic

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this work was to present the first case of Brucella suis biovar 2 isolation in outdoor reared pigs in Serbia. B. suis biovar 2 has not previously been detected in Serbia, from either wild boar or outdoor reared pigs. In our case, brucellosis was discovered in the region of Srem, which geographically constitutes a part of northwestern Serbia. Outdoor reared pigs in the Srem region are part of an extensive breeding system in the field and woods. In the course of a random visit to a herd in the above-mentioned area, the animals' owner discovered two aborted …

Molecular Identification Of Tick-Borne Pathogens In Tickhaemaphysalis Longicornis From Sheep In Henan, China, Yongshuai Peng, Meng Qi, Fuchun Jian, Jinhong Wang, Yali Lv, Jiujian Wei, Rongjun Wang, Longxian Zhang, Changshen Ning

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Tick-borne diseases are one of the most important classes of disease in animal husbandry and cause severe economic losses. In this study, 660 adult female ticks were collected from sheep in nine localities in Henan Province, China. All were identified as Haemaphysalis longicornis, confirmed with light microscopy and PCR amplification. The pathogens identified in these ticks included bacteria of the genus Anaplasma (Anaplasma ovis, A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum) and piroplasmal protozoans (Theileria luwenshuni, Babesia motasi). Our results show the high prevalence of A. bovis (20.4%, 135/660) and T. luwenshuni (14.4%, 95/660) in the ticks from sheep, whereas A. ovis, A. …

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases Among Cloacal Escherichia Coliisolates In Healthy Broilers In Turkey, Ni̇lgün Ünal, Alper Karagöz, Şi̇nasi̇ Aşkar, Zahi̇de Di̇li̇k, Buket Yurteri̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clonal typing of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in healthy broilers in Turkey. Three hundred broiler cloacal samples were collected from various broiler slaughterhouses and inoculated on Levine agar plates supplemented with 2 μg/mL cefotaxime. Suspected strains were identified using a BBL Crystal Enteric/Nonfermenter ID Kit (Becton Dickinson, USA) and ESBL production was confirmed using an ESBL phenotypic confirmatory test. ESBL types were analyzed using PCR and sequencing. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed with XbaI for the clonal typing of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. While 33 phenotypic …

Molecular Cloning And Sequence Characterization Of Two Genes, Dqa1 And Dqa2,From The Chinese Yakow (Bos Grunniens X Bos Taurus), Dongmei Xi, Sameeullah Memon, Guozhi Li, Xiangying Liu, Chao Su, Jing Leng, Liping Wang, Sehroon Khan, Weidong Deng

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a crucial role in the immune response to infectious diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the structural and functional characteristics and possible duplication of the MHC-DQA genes in the Chinese yakow, which is well adapted to the Qinghai?Tibetan Plateau. Two full-length cDNA sequences and partial 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) were retrieved and denoted as Bogr×BoLA-DQA*0101 (DQA1) and BogrxBoLA-DQA*2001 (DQA2), respectively. The percentage of nucleotide and amino acid sequences homology between BogrxBoLA-DQA1 and BogrxBoLA-DQA2 showed that these two sequences have more identity to alleles of the corresponding DQA1 and DQA2 …

Cocultivation Of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus-Infected Macrophages With Primarygoat Synovial Cells, Supachart Panneum, Wilairat Chumsing, Theera Rukkwamsuk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Primary goat synovial cells were developed to be cocultivated with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV)-infected monocytes. Two CAEV-seropositive goats and one CAEV-seronegative goat were confirmed for viral particles in the blood using the PCR method. Thereafter, heparinized blood samples from the three goats were collected and isolated for monocytes, which were further cultivated to differentiate into macrophages. Cultivated macrophages of 7-10 days old were cocultivated with the primary goat synovial cells for 7 days. Microscopic examination was performed every 2 days for multinucleated syncytial formation, and immunofluorescence assay was applied using monoclonal antibody against CAEV on day 7 to detect …