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2016

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Accessible Polyvocality And Paired Talk: How Family Therapists Talk Positive Connotation Into Being, Lynsey Williams, Tim Auburn Jan 2016

Accessible Polyvocality And Paired Talk: How Family Therapists Talk Positive Connotation Into Being, Lynsey Williams, Tim Auburn

Peninsula Medical School

In this article we identify one particular way in which the reflecting team process is used by family therapists. We show that reflecting teams draw upon occasions in the main session to intensify and extend positivity in the reflecting session. This analysis identified positive connotation as a device by which a hopeful orientation is established. Videos of family therapy sessions were obtained and transcripts of these sessions made. Excerpts with hope and positivity were identified and conversation analysis was used to gain insight into the organization and function of this talk. In addition, therapist interventions occurring during the main therapy …

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Manipulative Emotional Behaviour And Delinquency: Sex Differences And Links To Emotional Intelligence., Alison M. Bacon, Lisa Regan Jan 2016

Manipulative Emotional Behaviour And Delinquency: Sex Differences And Links To Emotional Intelligence., Alison M. Bacon, Lisa Regan

School of Psychology

Trait emotional intelligence (EI) encompasses high levels of emotional understanding and is generally associated with positive outcomes. However research has suggested that high EI might predispose some young females to delinquency. The present study investigated whether this relationship can be accounted for by a tendency towards emotionally manipulative behaviours, facilitated by high EI. Two hundred and fifty two young adults (125 female) completed measures of EI, Machiavellianism, managing the emotions of others (MEOS) and self-reported delinquent behaviour. High EI females presented higher levels of delinquency, Machiavellian Tactics and morality, the supposedly prosocial MEOS behaviours enhancing and diverting and the non-prosocial …

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British English Infants Segment Words Only With Exaggerated Infant-Directed Speech Stimuli, Caroline Floccia, Tamar Keren-Portnoy, Rory Depaolis, Hester Duffy, Luche C Delle, Samantha Durrant, Laurence White, Jeremy Goslin, Marilyn Vihman Jan 2016

British English Infants Segment Words Only With Exaggerated Infant-Directed Speech Stimuli, Caroline Floccia, Tamar Keren-Portnoy, Rory Depaolis, Hester Duffy, Luche C Delle, Samantha Durrant, Laurence White, Jeremy Goslin, Marilyn Vihman

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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The Propositional Basis Of Cue-Controlled Reward Seeking, Tina Seabrooke, Lee Hogarth, Chris J. Mitchell Jan 2016

The Propositional Basis Of Cue-Controlled Reward Seeking, Tina Seabrooke, Lee Hogarth, Chris J. Mitchell

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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The Logic-Bias Effect: The Role Of Effortful Processing In The Resolution Of Belief–Logic Conflict, Stephanie Howarth, Simon J. Handley, Clare Walsh Jan 2016

The Logic-Bias Effect: The Role Of Effortful Processing In The Resolution Of Belief–Logic Conflict, Stephanie Howarth, Simon J. Handley, Clare Walsh

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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A Comparison Of The Neural Correlates That Underlie Rule-Based And Information-Integration Category Learning, Kathryn L. Carpenter, Andy J. Wills, Abdelmalek Benattayallah, Fraser Milton Jan 2016

A Comparison Of The Neural Correlates That Underlie Rule-Based And Information-Integration Category Learning, Kathryn L. Carpenter, Andy J. Wills, Abdelmalek Benattayallah, Fraser Milton

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Amnesic Patients Show Superior Generalization In Category Learning, Garret O'Connell, Catherine E. Myers, Ramona O. Hopkins, R. P. Mclaren, Mark A. Gluck, Andy J. Wills Jan 2016

Amnesic Patients Show Superior Generalization In Category Learning, Garret O'Connell, Catherine E. Myers, Ramona O. Hopkins, R. P. Mclaren, Mark A. Gluck, Andy J. Wills

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Attention And Associative Learning In Humans: An Integrative Review, Pelley Me Le, Chris J. Mitchell, Tom Beesley, David N. George, Andy J. Wills Jan 2016

Attention And Associative Learning In Humans: An Integrative Review, Pelley Me Le, Chris J. Mitchell, Tom Beesley, David N. George, Andy J. Wills

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Qoe-Driven Lte Downlink Scheduling For Multimedia Services, Ali Alfayly Jan 2016

Qoe-Driven Lte Downlink Scheduling For Multimedia Services, Ali Alfayly

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

The significant growth in multimedia services and traffic (e.g. VoIP, video streaming and video gaming) in current and emerging mobile networks including the latest 4G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks and the rising user expectation for high Quality of Experience (QoE) for these services have posed real challenges to network operators and service providers. One of the key challenges is how to bring multimedia services to the end-user over resource-constrained mobile networks with a satisfactory QoE. Cost-effective solutions are needed for network operators to improve the bandwidth usage of these mobile networks. Therefore, scheduling schemes are of extreme importance in LTE, …

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Derailing The Streetcar Named Desire. Cognitive Distractions Reduce Individual Differences In Cravings And Unhealthy Snacking In Response To Palatable Food, Dillen L Van, Jackie Andrade Jan 2016

Derailing The Streetcar Named Desire. Cognitive Distractions Reduce Individual Differences In Cravings And Unhealthy Snacking In Response To Palatable Food, Dillen L Van, Jackie Andrade

School of Psychology

People who are sensitive to food temptations are prone to weight gain and obesity in food-rich environments. Understanding the factors that drive their desire to eat is key to limiting their reactions to available food. This study tested whether individual differences in sensitivity to hedonic food cues are cognitively based and, accordingly, can be regulated by blocking cognitive resources. To this end, one lab study (study 1; N=91) and one field study (study 2; N=63) measured sensitivity to hedonic food cues using the Power of Food Scale (PFS; Lowe et al., 2009) and assessed participants’ appetitive responses to high-calorie food …

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A "Mental Models" Approach To The Communication Of Subsurface Hydrology And Hazards, H Gibson, I Stewart, S Pahl, A Stokes Jan 2016

A "Mental Models" Approach To The Communication Of Subsurface Hydrology And Hazards, H Gibson, I Stewart, S Pahl, A Stokes

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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I See What You Say: Prior Knowledge Of Other’S Goals Automatically Biases The Perception Of Their Actions, Matthew Hudson, Toby Nicholson, Rob Ellis, Patric Bach Jan 2016

I See What You Say: Prior Knowledge Of Other’S Goals Automatically Biases The Perception Of Their Actions, Matthew Hudson, Toby Nicholson, Rob Ellis, Patric Bach

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Logic Brightens My Day: Evidence For Implicit Sensitivity To Logical Validity., Dries Trippas, Simon J. Handley, Michael F. Verde, Kinga Morsanyi Jan 2016

Logic Brightens My Day: Evidence For Implicit Sensitivity To Logical Validity., Dries Trippas, Simon J. Handley, Michael F. Verde, Kinga Morsanyi

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Reply To Martin (2015): Why Our Conclusions Hold, Sonja Heintz, Willibald Ruch Jan 2016

Reply To Martin (2015): Why Our Conclusions Hold, Sonja Heintz, Willibald Ruch

School of Psychology

AbstractWe (Heintz and Ruch 2015, An examination of the convergence between the conceptualization and the measurement of humor styles: A study of the construct validity of the Humor Styles Questionnaire. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 28. 611–633) pointed to a lack of convergence between the conceptualization of humor styles and how they are measured with the HSQ (i. e. the Humor Styles Questionnaire and recommended adjusting the model of the humor styles or alternatively the HSQ. The reply (Martin 2015, On the challenges of measuring humor styles: Response to Heintz and Ruch. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 28. …

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The German Version Of The Humor Styles Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties And Overlap With Other Styles Of Humor., Willibald Ruch, Sonja Heintz Jan 2016

The German Version Of The Humor Styles Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties And Overlap With Other Styles Of Humor., Willibald Ruch, Sonja Heintz

School of Psychology

The Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ; Martin et al., 2003) is one of the most frequently used questionnaires in humor research and has been adapted to several languages. The HSQ measures four humor styles (affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, and self-defeating), which should be adaptive or potentially maladaptive to psychosocial well-being. The present study analyzes the internal consistency, factorial validity, and factorial invariance of the HSQ on the basis of several German-speaking samples combined (total N = 1,101). Separate analyses were conducted for gender (male/female), age groups (16-24, 25-35, >36 years old), and countries (Germany/Switzerland). Internal consistencies were good for the overall sample …

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The Virtue Gap In Humor: Exploring Benevolent And Corrective Humor., W Ruch, S Heintz Jan 2016

The Virtue Gap In Humor: Exploring Benevolent And Corrective Humor., W Ruch, S Heintz

School of Psychology

The recent emergence of positive psychology gave rise to the idea to conceptualize humor from a “good character” perspective (Peterson & Seligman, 2004). Present constructs, however, show a “virtue gap”, and the two concepts of benevolent and corrective humor were developed to fill this gap. The former describes a humorous outlook on life that entails the realistic observations and understanding of human weaknesses (and the imperfection of the world) but also their benevolent humorous treatment. By contrast, corrective humor involves moral based ridicule; that is, the use of mockery to fight badness and mediocrity. Corrective humor, akin to satire, uses …

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Mental Imagery In Humanoid Robots, Kristsana Seepanomwan Jan 2016

Mental Imagery In Humanoid Robots, Kristsana Seepanomwan

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Mental imagery presents humans with the opportunity to predict prospective happenings based on own intended actions, to reminisce occurrences from the past and reproduce the perceptual experience. This cognitive capability is mandatory for human survival in this folding and changing world. By means of internal representation, mental imagery offers other cognitive functions (e.g., decision making, planning) the possibility to assess information on objects or events that are not being perceived. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that humans are able to employ this ability in the early stages of infancy. Although materialisation of humanoid robot employment in the future appears …

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An Exploratory Analysis Of The Smoking And Physical Activity Outcomes From A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Of An Exercise Assisted Reduction To Stop Smoking Intervention In Disadvantaged Groups, Tom Paul Thompson, Colin J. Greaves, Richard Ayres, Paul Aveyard, Fiona C. Warren, Richard Byng, Rs Taylor, John L. Campbell, Michael Ussher, Colin Green, Susan Michie, Robert West, A Taylor Jan 2016

An Exploratory Analysis Of The Smoking And Physical Activity Outcomes From A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Of An Exercise Assisted Reduction To Stop Smoking Intervention In Disadvantaged Groups, Tom Paul Thompson, Colin J. Greaves, Richard Ayres, Paul Aveyard, Fiona C. Warren, Richard Byng, Rs Taylor, John L. Campbell, Michael Ussher, Colin Green, Susan Michie, Robert West, A Taylor

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Autonomous Learning Of Multiple Skills Through Intrinsic Motivations: A Study With Computational Embodied Models, Vieri Giuliano Santucci Jan 2016

Autonomous Learning Of Multiple Skills Through Intrinsic Motivations: A Study With Computational Embodied Models, Vieri Giuliano Santucci

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Developing artificial agents able to autonomously discover new goals, to select them and learn the related skills is an important challenge for robotics. This becomes even crucial if we want robots to interact with real environments where they have to face many unpredictable problems and where it is not clear which skills will be the more suitable to solve them. The ability to learn and store multiple skills in order to use them when required is one of the main characteristics of biological agents: forming ample repertoires of actions is important to widen the possibility for an agent to better …

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Optimising Self-Care Support For People With Heart Failure And Their Caregivers: Development Of The Rehabilitation Enablement In Chronic Heart Failure (Reach-Hf) Intervention Using Intervention Mapping, Cj Greaves, J Wingham, C Deighan, P Doherty, J Elliott, W Armitage, M Clark, J Austin, C Abraham, J Frost, S Singh, K Jolly, K Paul, L Taylor, S Buckingham, R Davis, H Dalal, Rs Taylor Jan 2016

Optimising Self-Care Support For People With Heart Failure And Their Caregivers: Development Of The Rehabilitation Enablement In Chronic Heart Failure (Reach-Hf) Intervention Using Intervention Mapping, Cj Greaves, J Wingham, C Deighan, P Doherty, J Elliott, W Armitage, M Clark, J Austin, C Abraham, J Frost, S Singh, K Jolly, K Paul, L Taylor, S Buckingham, R Davis, H Dalal, Rs Taylor

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.

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Development And Validation Of An Instrument To Measure Online Retailing Ethics: Consumer's Perspective, Aa El-Masry, G Agag Jan 2016

Development And Validation Of An Instrument To Measure Online Retailing Ethics: Consumer's Perspective, Aa El-Masry, G Agag

Plymouth Business School

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the dimensions of e-retailing ethics from the consumers’ perspective and to develop a reliable and valid measurement instrument. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a quantitative survey conducted among Egyptian consumers aged 18 and above. These were measured on a five-point Likert scale. The reliability and validity of this six-factor scale are verified using empirical data collected randomly from Egyptians’ online consumers. Structure equation modelling used to test the suggested model. Findings The results showed that buyer perceptions about seller ethics (BPSE) is a second order construct composed of six factors …

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A Multinational Cross-Sectional Survey Of The Management Of Patient Medication Adherence By European Healthcare Professionals, W Clyne, C Mshelia, S Mclachlan, P Jones, Et Al Jan 2016

A Multinational Cross-Sectional Survey Of The Management Of Patient Medication Adherence By European Healthcare Professionals, W Clyne, C Mshelia, S Mclachlan, P Jones, Et Al

Peninsula Medical School

Objectives To examine which interventions healthcare professionals use to support patients with taking medicines and their perceptions about the effectiveness of those actions. Design Cross-sectional multinational study. Setting Online survey in Austria, Belgium, England, France, Germany, Hungary, The Netherlands, Poland, Portugal and Switzerland. Participants A total of 3196 healthcare professionals comprising doctors (855), nurses (1047) and pharmacists (1294) currently registered and practising in primary care and community settings. Main outcome measures Primary outcome: Responses to the question ‘I ask patients if they have missed any doses of their medication’ for each profession and in each country. Secondary outcome: Responses to …

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Older Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Mc Chung, Rcm Jones, Sa Harding, J Campbell Jan 2016

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Older Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Mc Chung, Rcm Jones, Sa Harding, J Campbell

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Making A Difference: A Qualitative Study Of An Inter-Professional Social Engagement Project, R Ayres, S Stevens, De Bere S Regan Jan 2016

Making A Difference: A Qualitative Study Of An Inter-Professional Social Engagement Project, R Ayres, S Stevens, De Bere S Regan

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Copy Number Variation In Bipolar Disorder, Ek Green, E Rees, Jtr Walters, K-G Smith, Et Al Jan 2016

Copy Number Variation In Bipolar Disorder, Ek Green, E Rees, Jtr Walters, K-G Smith, Et Al

School of Biomedical Sciences

Large (>100 kb), rare (<1% in the population) copy number variants (CNVs) have been shown to confer risk for schizophrenia (SZ), but the findings for bipolar disorder (BD) are less clear. In a new BD sample from the United Kingdom (n=2591), we have examined the occurrence of CNVs and compared this with previously reported samples of 6882 SZ and 8842 control subjects. When combined with previous data, we find evidence for a contribution to BD for three SZ-associated CNV loci: duplications at 1q21.1 (P=0.022), deletions at 3q29 (P=0.03) and duplications at 16p11.2 (P=2.3 × 10(-4)). The latter survives multiple-testing correction for the number of recurrent large CNV loci in the genome. Genes in 20 regions (total of 55 genes) were enriched for rare exonic CNVs among BD cases, but none of these survives correction for multiple testing. Finally, our data provide strong support for the hypothesis of a lesser contribution of very large (>500 kb) CNVs in BD compared with SZ, most notably for deletions >1 Mb (P=9 × 10(-4)).

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Social Stories In Mainstream Schools For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial, David Marshall, Barry Wright, Victoria Allgar, Joy Adamson, Christine Williams, Hannah Ainsworth, Liz Cook, Danielle Varley, Lisa Hackney, Paul Dempster, Shehzad Ali, Dominic Trepel, Moore D Collingridge, Elizabeth Littlewood, Dean Mcmillan Jan 2016

Social Stories In Mainstream Schools For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial, David Marshall, Barry Wright, Victoria Allgar, Joy Adamson, Christine Williams, Hannah Ainsworth, Liz Cook, Danielle Varley, Lisa Hackney, Paul Dempster, Shehzad Ali, Dominic Trepel, Moore D Collingridge, Elizabeth Littlewood, Dean Mcmillan

Peninsula Medical School

ObjectivesTo assess the feasibility of recruitment, retention, outcome measures and intervention training/delivery among teachers, parents and children. To calculate a sample size estimation for full trial.DesignA single-centre, unblinded, cluster feasibility randomised controlled trial examining Social Stories delivered within a school environment compared with an attentional control.Setting37 primary schools in York, UK.Participants50 participants were recruited and a cluster randomisation approach by school was examined. Participants were randomised into the treatment group (n=23) or a waiting list control group (n=27).Outcome measuresAcceptability and feasibility of the trial, intervention and of measurements required to assess outcomes in a definitive trial.ResultsAn assessment of the questionnaire …

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Learning Organizations: Panacea Or Irrelevance?, Rod Sheaff Jan 2016

Learning Organizations: Panacea Or Irrelevance?, Rod Sheaff

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning As Creative Problem Solving, Tr Colin, T Belpaeme, A Cangelosi, N Hemion Jan 2016

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning As Creative Problem Solving, Tr Colin, T Belpaeme, A Cangelosi, N Hemion

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Although creativity is studied from philosophy to cognitive robotics, a definition has proven elusive. We argue for emphasizing the creative process (the cognition of the creative agent), rather than the creative product (the artifact or behavior). Owing to developments in experimental psychology, the process approach has become an increasingly attractive way of characterizing creative problem solving. In particular, the phenomenon of insight, in which an individual arrives at a solution through a sudden change in perspective, is a crucial component of the process of creativity. These developments resonate with advances in machine learning, in particular hierarchical and modular approaches, as …

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Social Robot Tutoring For Child Second Language Learning, J Kennedy, P Baxter, E Senft, T Belpaeme Jan 2016

Social Robot Tutoring For Child Second Language Learning, J Kennedy, P Baxter, E Senft, T Belpaeme

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Learning By Teaching A Robot: The Case Of Handwriting, S Lemaignan, A Jacq, D Hood, Et Al Jan 2016

Learning By Teaching A Robot: The Case Of Handwriting, S Lemaignan, A Jacq, D Hood, Et Al

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Thomas (all children's names have been changed) is five and a half years old and has been diagnosed with visuoconstructive deficits. He is under the care of an occupational therapist and tries to work around his inability to draw letters in a consistent manner. Vincent is six and struggles at school with his poor handwriting and even poorer self-confidence. Whereas Thomas is lively and always quick at shifting his attention from one activity to another, Vincent is shy and poised. Two very different children, each one facing the same difficulty to write in a legible manner. Additionally, hidden beyond these …

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