Digital Commons Network^™

New Studies Of Children’S Work, Acquisition Of Critical Skills, And Contribution To The Domestic Economy, David F. Lancy

Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology Faculty Publications

In spite of the fact that the very earliest ethnographers who paid any attention to children took note of the “precocity” displayed by children in both learning the household (e.g., caring for a younger sibling) and subsistence (harvesting and processing grain), tasks characteristic of the societies under investigation, the first synthesis and cross-cultural compilation of this large body of descriptive material is quite recent. This first, introductory, article in this collection reviews those efforts to systematize the study of children’s work and leads the reader through a catalog of the major conclusions or generalizations that have emerged from this analysis. …

Meet The Orientation Leaders | Hannah Jones Found ‘My Home Away From Home’, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

June 7, 2016 Finance & Facilities (F&F) Committee Meeting, Evp For Administration

Finance and Facilities Committee

Documents related to the June 7, 2016 Board of Regents' Finance and Facilities Committee Meeting. (Agenda, Minutes, eBook, Notice)

Human Glia Can Both Induce And Rescue Aspects Of Disease Phenotype In Huntington Disease, Abdellatif Benraiss, Su Wang, Stephanie Herrlinger, Xiaojie Li, Devin Chandler-Militello, Jian Kang, Steven Goldman, Martha S. Windrem, Ignacio Munoz-Sanjuan, Maiken Nedergaard, Steven A. Goldman

NYMC Faculty Publications

The causal contribution of glial pathology to Huntington disease (HD) has not been heavily explored. To define the contribution of glia to HD, we established human HD glial chimeras by neonatally engrafting immunodeficient mice with mutant huntingtin (mHTT)-expressing human glial progenitor cells (hGPCs), derived from either human embryonic stem cells or mHTT-transduced fetal hGPCs. Here we show that mHTT glia can impart disease phenotype to normal mice, since mice engrafted intrastriatally with mHTT hGPCs exhibit worse motor performance than controls, and striatal neurons in mHTT glial chimeras are hyperexcitable. Conversely, normal glia can ameliorate disease phenotype in transgenic HD mice, …

Life Cycle Assessment Of Msw Kerbside Separate Collection System Applied To Small Communities, Giovanni De Feo, Carmela Malvano, Sabino La Rocca

Life Cycle Assessment and Other Assessment Tools for Waste Management and Resource Optimization

This study reports Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of kerbside municipal solid waste (MSW) collection for hypothetical communities of ten different sizes (varying between 1000 and 10,000 inhabitants, incremented by 1000). It evaluates the economy of scale for MSW collection system in municipalities in terms of their environmental performance, essentially building on a previous study that evaluated the costs and the induced environmental impacts of such systems (De Feo and Malvano, 2012). The scope of assessment includes the management phase (i.e. facilities for treatment and disposal), and the collection and transport phase (i.e. vehicles). The Function of the LCA study was …

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms And Markers Of Oxidative Stress In Healthy Women, Albina N. Minlikeeva, Richard W. Browne, Heather M. Ochs-Balcom, Catalin Marian, Peter G. Shields, Maurizio Trevisan, Shiva Krishnan, Ramakrishna Modali, Michael Seddon, Terese Lehman, Jo L. Freudenheim

Publications and Research

Purpose There is accumulating evidence that oxidative stress is an important contributor to carcinogenesis. We hypothesized that genetic variation in genes involved in maintaining antioxidant/ oxidant balance would be associated with overall oxidative stress.

Methods We examined associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MnSOD, GSTP1, GSTM1, GPX1, GPX3, and CAT genes and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), a blood biomarker of oxidative damage, in healthy white women randomly selected from Western New York (n = 1402). We used general linear models to calculate age-adjusted geometric means of TBARS across the variants. We also examined the associations within strata of menopausal …

Speaker Talks With Sociology Students About Transgender Issues, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Communication-Microelectrode Detection Of Cholesterol Efflux From The Human Buccel Mucosa, Xiaochun Yu, Thomas J. Kelley, Hillel J. Chiel, James D. Burgess

Faculty Scholarship

It has previously demonstrated that cholesterol efflux from the cell plasma membrane is increased in a mouse model of cystic fibrosis (CF) compared to a wild-type control. A noninvasive means of characterizing plasma membrane cholesterol efflux at the surface of airway tissue of CF patients is needed to extend the trends found in animal models of CF to the human disease state. Microelectrode-induced cholesterol efflux from the plasma membrane of cells at the surface of tissue is proposed as a strategy to demonstrate increased cholesterol efflux for CF in human subjects. Data demonstrating detection of cholesterol efflux from the human …

Genome-Wide Redistribution Of Mecp2 In Dorsal Root Ganglia After Peripheral Nerve Injury., Melissa T. Manners, Adam Ertel, Yuzhen Tian, Seena K. Ajit

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), a protein with affinity for methylated cytosines, is crucial for neuronal development and function. MeCP2 regulates gene expression through activation, repression and chromatin remodeling. Mutations in MeCP2 cause Rett syndrome, and these patients display impaired nociception. We observed an increase in MeCP2 expression in mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after peripheral nerve injury. The functional implication of increased MeCP2 is largely unknown. To identify regions of the genome bound by MeCP2 in the DRG and the changes induced by nerve injury, a chromatin immunoprecipitation of MeCP2 followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) was performed 4 weeks after …

Chemistry Biology Faculty Get Innovation Funding For Ohio Drug Discovery Collaborative, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Inhibitors Of Akt/Pkb With Anti-Tumor Activity, Jin Q. Cheng, Mei Sun, Said M. Sebti

USF Patents

The subject invention concerns materials and methods for inhibiting the Akt/PKB pathway. In one embodiment, a compound of the invention inhibits kinase activity and/or phosphorylation levels of Akt proteins. The subject invention also concerns methods for inhibiting or killing a cancer cell or other cell in which expression of an Akt protein is elevated or constitutively active, comprising contacting the cell with an effective amount of a compound of formula I. The subject invention also concerns methods for treating cancer or a tumor in a person or animal comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of formula I to …

The Relationship Among Fifth Grade Physical Education Students' Body Size Perception, Fitnessgram Scores, And Physical Activity Level, Ashley N. Cleveland

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Purpose: This study aims to explore the correlation between students’ self-perception of body image and FITNESSGRAM scores, the relationship between children’s body perceptions and their actual body mass index (BMI), and to see if body image in children affects their physical activity level.

Methods: FITNESSGRAM fitness testing protocol and a survey developed for the KidQuest nutrition intervention program by South Dakota State University (SDSU) was used to assess the correlation between students’ (n= 319) self-perception of body image and FITNESSGRAM scores. In addition accelerometers were used to assess the physical activity level of a subsample (n=57) of the …

Repurposing Atovaquone: Targeting Mitochondrial Complex Iii And Oxphos To Eradicate Cancer Stem Cells., Marco Fiorillo, Rebecca Lamb, Herbert B Tanowitz, Luciano Mutti, Marija Krstic-Demonacos, Anna Rita Cappello, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Federica Sotgia, Michael P Lisanti

Kimmel Cancer Center Papers, Presentations, and Grand Rounds

Atovaquone is an FDA-approved anti-malarial drug, which first became clinically available in the year 2000. Currently, its main usage is for the treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and/or toxoplasmosis in immune-compromised patients. Atovaquone is a hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone analogue of ubiquinone, also known as Co-enzyme Q10 (CoQ10). It is a well-tolerated drug that does not cause myelo-suppression. Mechanistically, it is thought to act as a potent and selective OXPHOS inhibitor, by targeting the CoQ10-dependence of mitochondrial complex III. Here, we show for the first time that atovaquone also has anti-cancer activity, directed against Cancer Stem-like Cells (CSCs). More specifically, we demonstrate that …

Multiorgan Chronic Inflammatory Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Murine Model Deficient In Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors 1 And 2, Helieh S. Oz

Physiology Faculty Publications

AIM: To provoke persistent/chronic multiorgan inflammatory response and to contribute to stones formation followed by fibrosis in hepatobiliary and pancreatic tissues.

METHODS: Tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2 (TNFR1/R2) deficient mice reared in-house were given dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC) twice within 10 d by oral gavage delivery. Sham control animals received vehicle treatment and naïve animals remained untreated throughout the study. Animals were monitored daily for symptoms of pain and discomfort. The abdominal and hindpaw hypersensitivity were assessed with von Frey microfilaments. Exploratory behaviors were recorded at the baseline, after initiation of treatment, and before study termination. Histopathological …

Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide, A Gut Microbe–Generated Phosphatidylcholine Metabolite, Is Associated With Atherosclerotic Burden, Vichai Senthong, Xinmin S. Li, Timothy Hudec, John Coughlin, Yuping Wu, Bruce Levison, Zeneng Wang, Stanley L. Hazen, W.H. Wilson Tang

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Background: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota metabolite from dietary phosphatidylcholine, has mechanistic links to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) pathogenesis and is associated with adverse outcomes. Objectives: This study sought to examine the relationship between plasma TMAO levels and the complexity and burden of CAD and degree of subclinical myonecrosis. Methods: We studied 353 consecutive stable patients with evidence of atherosclerotic CAD detected by elective coronary angiography between 2012 and 2014. Their high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) levels were measured. SYNTAX (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) scores and lesion characteristics were used to quantify …

A 2-Cys Peroxiredoxin In Response To Oxidative Stress In The Pine Wood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus Xylophilus, Zhen Li, Qingwen Zhang, Xuguo Zhou

Entomology Faculty Publications

The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is the causal agent of pine wilt disease that has devastated pine forests in Asia. Parasitic nematodes are known to have evolved antioxidant stress responses that defend against host plant defenses. In this study, the infestation of whitebark pine, Pinus bungean, with B. xylophilus led to a significant increase in plant hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and salicylic acid levels. Correspondingly, the expression of an antioxidative enzyme, 2-Cysteine peroxiredoxin (BxPrx), was elevated in B. xylophilus following the H₂O₂ treatments. Recombinant BxPrx, a thermal stabile and pH tolerant …

Droplet-Based Mechanical Actuator Utilizing Electrowetting Effect, Qi Ni

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this work is to quantify the key design parameters such as the load capacity, actuation force, positioning repeatability, and reliability for droplet-based electrowetting actuators. Due to the fact that surface tension dominates gravity at both the mesoscale and microscale, droplet-based actuators can provide adequate force in manipulation tasks at those scales. Electrowetting, which uses an electric field to modulate the apparent surface tension of the liquid-ambient, provides a method to actuate droplets, which in turn transports the object carried by the droplet.

Most previous electrowetting actuation efforts have concentrated on manipulating droplets in a closed two-plate configuration. …

Stellar Works: Searching For The Lives Of Women In Science, Jennifer Elizabeth Woodman

Dissertations and Theses

While women have had a profound impact in the world of science, they struggle to gain an equal foothold in many science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields today. This has led to considerable public and private sector efforts to recruit women into these arenas. In order to understand how schools and nonprofits engage today's young women in STEM studies, this account includes time spent both in high school science classrooms and with ChickTech -- a Portland-based organization that works to provide a pathway into tech careers for high school-aged girls.

A historical perspective reveals that modern women aren't treading …

Sources And Transformations Of Dissolved Lignin Phenols And Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter In Otsuchi Bay, Japan, Chia-Jung Lu, Ronald Benner, Cedric Fichot, Hideki Fukuda, Youhei Yamashita, Hiroshi Ogawa

Faculty Publications

Dissolved lignin phenols and optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were measured to investigate the sources and transformations of terrigenous DOM (tDOM) in Otsuchi Bay, Japan. Three rivers discharge into the bay, and relatively high values of syringyl:vanillyl phenols (0.73 ± 0.07) and cinnamyl:vanillyl phenols (0.33 ± 0.10) indicated large contributions of non-woody angiosperm tissues to lignin and tDOM. The physical mixing of river and seawater played an important role in controlling the concentrations and distributions of lignin phenols and chromophoric DOM (CDOM) optical properties in the bay. Lignin phenol concentrations and the CDOM absorption coefficient at 350 nm, …

Videogames And The Brain: An Investigation Into Psychopathy And Empathy, Joshua Fishlock 3740769

Doctoral Dissertations

A divide exists in the video game effects literature, such that one branch of research indicates harmful outcomes (Anderson et al., 2010), whereas other research highlights null effects (Ferguson, 2015). Clearly, video games are a heuristic topic that necessitates various methods of analysis from multiple perspectives. Using a risk factors approach, the purpose of this study is to further understand the process that is occurring when an individual plays a violent video game. Using a 2 (gender: male and female) x 2 (condition: control and violence) true experimental design, the individual difference variables of psychopathy and empathy are explored as …

The Prospector, June 7, 2016, Utep Student Publications

The Prospector

Headline: The Right to Choose: Equality Texas Announces Trans Visible Project

Ecosystemic Effects Of Military Sexual Trauma In Male Service Members And Veterans, Jessica A. Carlile

Clinical Psychology Dissertations

Military sexual trauma (MST) represents a significant, endemic concern in the United States Armed Forces. Although approximately 50% of individuals who experience MST are male, few studies have been published examining the overall experience of males who survived MST, and no known project has recruited a sample unaffiliated with Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Therefore, this study investigated the immediate and enduring ecosystemic effects of MST on male service members and veterans recruited entirely outside the VHA system. To evaluate the depth and richness of human experience, 12 participants—10 veterans and two active duty service members (50% Euro-American, 58% partnered, 75% …

Extracellular Proteins: Novel Key Components Of Metal Resistance In Cyanobacteria?, Joaquín Giner-Lamia, Sara B. Pereira, Miquel Bovea-Marco, Matthias E. Futschik, Paula Tamagnini, Paulo Oliveira

School of Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Microfluidic Detection Of Biogenic Amines, Trenton Nagasawa, Partha Vora, Nnaoma Agwu, Joshua Tan

Bioengineering Senior Theses

For our study of Microfluidic Detection of Biogenic Amines, we have designed a microfluidic device to separate and detect different biogenic amine concentrations using amperometric detection. The goal of this project is to identify and quantify biogenic amines form the neural fluid extracted from the pericardial cavity of the Jonah crabs (Cancer Borealis). The device that we designed utilizes polydimethylsiloxane (commonly known as PDMS) along with a carbon paste electrode and a palladium decoupler. Using capillary electrophoresis (CE) along with amperometric detection, we aim to separate biogenic amines and detect them with amperometric detection.

Effect Of Polymer Concentration Rotational Speed And Solvent Mixture On Fiber Formation Using Forcespinning®, Nancy Obregon, Victor Agubra, Madhab Pokhrel, Howard Campos, David Flores, David De La Garza, Yuanbing Mao, Javier Macossay-Torres, Mataz Alcoutlabi

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

Polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers were produced using Forcespinning® (FS). The effects of PCL concentration, solvent mixture, and the spinneret rotational speed on fiber formation were evaluated. The concentration of the polymer in the solvents was a critical determinant of the solution viscosity. Lower PCL concentrations resulted in low solution viscosities with a correspondingly low fiber production rate with many beads. Bead-free fibers with high production rate and uniform fiber diameter distribution were obtained from the optimum PCL concentration (i.e., 12.5 wt%) with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the solvent. The addition of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to the THF solvent promoted the gradual formation …

School-Based Dbt: Merging Mental Health And Behavioral Supports For High School Students At Tiers Ii & Iii: Dialectical Behavioral Therapy In The Public Schools, Jim Hanson

Georgia Association for Positive Behavior Support Conference

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is a research-based methodology to teach students and families emotional, behavioral, cognitive, and interpersonal regulation skills. School-Based DBT (SB-DBT) is an adaptation of DBT designed as a Tier II and Tier III mental health intervention within a Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS). Data support the effectiveness of SB-DBT for students with mental health challenges.

Large-Group Session

During the large-group session, Mr. Hanson will provide an overview of SB-DBT and how it fits into a MTSS. Learn which systems that must be in place to implement SB-DBT as well as how Student Support Teams can coordinate SB-DBT …

Shell Bluff – A Fossiliferous Ridge, The Site Of The Extinct Oyster Crassostrea Gigantissima And History Of Its Identification, Elliott O. Edwards Jr.

Georgia Journal of Science

Shell Bluff is described by geologists as stratigraphically one of the most important exposures in the Georgia Coastal Plain because the bluff is home to the large oyster, Crassostrea gigantissima, now extinct. Native Americans inhabited this area prior to Hernando DeSoto and his men who visited the area in 1540. They were probably the first Europeans to visit Shell Bluff. John and son William Bartram visited the bluff in 1764 and John described the bluff in his journal and the existence of large oysters. The British naturalist, John Finch, described a fossil oyster taken from the site in 1824 as …

Reevaluating Wilderness Classification And Management In The Face Of Climate Change: A Reconsideration Of Values And Ecology, Katherine Fiedler

Pace Environmental Law Review

In recognizing that the very nature of wilderness is a human construct, the values sought to be preserved can and should be reevaluated, considering the importance of wilderness in light of climate change and global ecosystem resilience, as well as how wilderness is designated and managed. Furthermore, the values that wilderness provides us will dramatically increase as climate change proceeds. Section II of this article describes the basics of wilderness protection, including the evolution of our relationship with wilderness, the history of the Wilderness Act, and what, how, and why wilderness is protected under the Act. Section III explores how …

Troubled Water: An Examination Of The Npdes Permit Shield, Stephanie Rich

Pace Environmental Law Review

In this comment I argue for a narrow interpretation of the Clean Water Act (CWA) permit shield by analyzing the recent federal cases addressing the shield’s scope. A narrow interpretation calls for a greater level of compliance and disclosure on behalf of the permit holder in order to invoke the shield’s protection. This argument also includes a higher standard of “reasonable contemplation” of pollutants on the part of the regulator. The first section of this comment gives a brief background of the CWA, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), and the permit shield provision. The next section presents the …

Why Law Now Needs To Control Rather Than Follow Neo-Classical Economics, John William Draper

Pace Environmental Law Review

This article argues that neo-classical economics places an emphasis on short-term gain over precaution, and in doing so, places the lives of a myriad of individual humans—and even the species itself—at risk. Given the foreseeable risks, if humanity wants to survive longer, we need to rethink our economic principles and priorities and the relationship between economics and law.

I begin with a most brief overview of the various sources of risk to the human species and its life support system. Then I will move on to look at how neo-classical economics interacts with significant risk.