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2016

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Development And Application Of Comparative Gene Co-Expression Network Methods In Brachypodium Distachyon, Henry David Priest May 2016

Development And Application Of Comparative Gene Co-Expression Network Methods In Brachypodium Distachyon, Henry David Priest

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Gene discovery and characterization is a long and labor-intensive process. Gene co-expression network analysis is a long-standing powerful approach that can strongly enrich signals within gene expression datasets to predict genes critical for many cellular functions. Leveraging this approach with a large number of transcriptome datasets does not yield a concomitant increase in network granularity. Independently generated datasets that describe gene expression in various tissues, developmental stages, times of day, and environments can carry conflicting co-expression signals. The gene expression responses of the model C3 grass Brachypodium distachyon to abiotic stress is characterized by a co-expression-based analysis, identifying 22 modules …

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The Molecular And Cellular Basis For Cold Sensation, Daniel Brenner May 2016

The Molecular And Cellular Basis For Cold Sensation, Daniel Brenner

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The ability to sense changes in temperature is crucial to surviving harsh environments. Over the last decade several ion channels that have been proposed to be cold sensitive have been identified, most notably TRPM8 and TRPA1. Although these molecules have been extensively studied in vitro, their exact roles in cold sensation in vivo are still debated. This uncertainty is in large part due to problems with the standard methods of testing cold sensitivity in vivo, which often rely on subjective measures of cold responsiveness. Experiments using these subjective measures have been repeated by different groups and have yielded conflicting results, …

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Modulation Of Human And Malarial Glucose Transporter Activity By Lipids And Small Molecules, Thomas E. Kraft May 2016

Modulation Of Human And Malarial Glucose Transporter Activity By Lipids And Small Molecules, Thomas E. Kraft

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Glucose transport is a fundamentally important process for maintenance and regulation of cellular metabolism in all kingdoms of life. Despite their high importance, detailed examination of glucose transport proteins in humans and parasites through biochemical, biophysical and structural properties was greatly hampered by the inability to express, purify and reconstitute sufficient amounts of active transporters. This dissertation describes strategies that led to the first successful expression, purification, stabilization and functional reconstitution of active insulin-responsive GLUT4 transport protein. Furthermore, the work described herein establishes a requirement of anionic and conical lipids for full activity of the mammalian glucose transporters GLUT3 and …

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Regulation Of Epithelial Turnover By Host-Virome Interactions, Lulu Sun May 2016

Regulation Of Epithelial Turnover By Host-Virome Interactions, Lulu Sun

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The host immune system must constantly function to maintain chronic commensal and pathogenic organisms in check. These organisms include the virome, which is the viral component of the microbiome. The consequences of immune responses to the virome on host physiology are as yet unexplored, and may have long-term implications in health and disease. Here, I used both genetic and infectious mouse models to investigate how the innate antiviral cytokines Type I interferons (IFNs) modulate epithelial turnover. I first found that mice deficient in Irgm1, a p47 GTPase, had persistently elevated Type I IFNs even in the absence of exogenous viral …

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Iron Regulation Of Macrophage Responses To Uropathogenic E. Coli, Nana Kwame Owusu-Boaitey May 2016

Iron Regulation Of Macrophage Responses To Uropathogenic E. Coli, Nana Kwame Owusu-Boaitey

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) are the principal cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs), one of the most common infections globally. Given the rising incidence of antibiotic resistance among UPEC strains, there is an increasing need to better understand the host response to UPEC and to develop ways to harness the bladder innate immune response that clears infection. In response to infection, the host attempts to limit the ability of UPEC to access iron, a metal critical to UPEC survival. Innate immune cells known as macrophages are known to regulate iron homeostasis through the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, though it remains …

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Omcp Mediated Cowpox Virulence And Its Dependence On The Immune Receptors Nkg2d And Fcrl5., Michel Muzi Sun May 2016

Omcp Mediated Cowpox Virulence And Its Dependence On The Immune Receptors Nkg2d And Fcrl5., Michel Muzi Sun

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Viruses with large DNA genomes, such as cowpox virus, encode many open-reading frames involved in the modulation of the host immune system, facilitating escape from immune detection or downregulation of specific aspects of the host immune response. Investigation of virally-encoded immunoevasins has been instrumental in understanding host-pathogen interactions. Here, we focus on the cowpox virus immunoevasin Orthopoxvirus MHC Class I-like Protein (OMCP) and demonstrate for the first time that OMCP facilitates cowpox virus virulence in vivo. We have previously documented that OMCP binds the activating receptor NKG2D on NK cells as well as the orphan receptor FCRL5 on innate B …

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Superoxide Dismutase 1: Novel Insights On Disease Models And Tissue Specificity In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Matthew James Crisp May 2016

Superoxide Dismutase 1: Novel Insights On Disease Models And Tissue Specificity In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Matthew James Crisp

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) are known to cause dominantly-inherited amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a rapidly-fatal adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder defined by motor neuron loss and progressive paralysis. In the past twenty years, research into the disorder has been driven by the creation of numerous transgenic animal models that have yielded multiple theories on the pathogenesis of the disease. Patients and animal models with SOD1 mutations express the defective protein in every cell, yet the disease only affects tissues in the neuromuscular axis. In this dissertation, I present original work exploring two aspects of SOD1 ALS. The first details the …

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The Role Of Dnmt3a In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Pathogenesis, Christopher Browning Cole May 2016

The Role Of Dnmt3a In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Pathogenesis, Christopher Browning Cole

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Loss of function mutations in the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A are highly recurrent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). DNMT3A and the highly homologous gene DNMT3B encode the two methyltransferases that are primarily responsible for mediating de novo methylation of specific DNA sequences during cellular differentiation. DNMT3A mutations are mutually exclusive of several translocations that create oncogenic fusion genes (PML-RARA, RUNX1-RUNX1T1, CBFB-MYH11, and MLL-X), suggesting that these fusions may require functional DNMT3A to initiate leukemogenesis. Using bone marrow cells from a constitutive Dnmt3a null mouse, we show that loss of Dnmt3a caused a striking loss of DNA methylation throughout the genome of …

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Investigation Of Lung Structure-Function Relationships Using Hyperpolarized Noble Gases, Robert P. Thomen May 2016

Investigation Of Lung Structure-Function Relationships Using Hyperpolarized Noble Gases, Robert P. Thomen

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an application of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) phenomenon to non-invasively generate 3D tomographic images. MRI is an emerging modality for the lung, but it suffers from low sensitivity due to inherent low tissue density and short T2*. Hyperpolarization is a process by which the nuclear contribution to NMR signal is greatly enhanced to more than 100,000 times that of samples in thermal equilibrium. The noble gases 3He and 129Xe are most often hyperpolarized by transfer of light angular momentum through the electron of a vaporized alkali metal to the noble …

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Understanding The Interactions Of Developing Thymocytes And Antigen Presenting Cells In The Thymic Medulla, Justin Shaun Arnold Perry May 2016

Understanding The Interactions Of Developing Thymocytes And Antigen Presenting Cells In The Thymic Medulla, Justin Shaun Arnold Perry

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Various thymic APC subsets have been invoked in deletional tolerance and Treg cell induction, but previous studies either assessed total T cell numbers or used TCR transgenic lines, obscuring roles that individual thymic APC subsets might serve for particular antigen-specific T cell populations. Utilizing T cell receptor sequencing, we found that medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) and bone marrow-derived (BM) APCs delete or select unique conventional and Treg cell TCR repertoires, demonstrating distinct roles for these APCs. We show that BM APCs and mTECs each contribute to Aire-dependent T cell tolerance development, albeit through either cooperative or autologous antigen presentation …

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Refining Associations Between Targeted Genes And The Development Of Substance Use Disorders, Emily Olfson May 2016

Refining Associations Between Targeted Genes And The Development Of Substance Use Disorders, Emily Olfson

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide strong evidence for the contribution of a few specific genes to alcohol and nicotine dependence. Chapter 2 explores numerous previously identified candidate genes for alcohol dependence using a publicly available GWAS. I found that many candidate loci do not replicate, highlighting the utility of GWAS for focusing on disease associated genes. Chapters 3-5 dissect associations between three genome-wide significant genes and substance use disorders. Chapter 3 focuses on a functional variant in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) 1B. Through examining 1,550 adolescent drinkers in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA), I extended adult …

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Application Of Genomic Technologies To Study Infertility, Nicholas Rui Yuan Ho May 2016

Application Of Genomic Technologies To Study Infertility, Nicholas Rui Yuan Ho

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

An estimated one in eight couples in the United States are diagnosed with infertility. There is a significant genetic contribution to infertility, with estimates of heritability ranging from 0.2 to 0.5. We know surprisingly little about the genetic causes, with only slightly more than a hundred genes known to cause human infertility. I have been translating recent advances in genomics to study infertility in a more efficient manner, in order to improve our knowledge of the genetic causes. By using high throughput genomics and proteomics datasets from other groups, I was able to feed that into a machine learning algorithm …

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Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Reprograms The Bone Marrow Microenvironment To Suppress B Lymphopoiesis, Ryan Brent Day May 2016

Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Reprograms The Bone Marrow Microenvironment To Suppress B Lymphopoiesis, Ryan Brent Day

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The production of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow is tightly and dynamically regulated in response to environmental stimuli. In response to infection, the bone marrow increases granulopoiesis at the expense of lymphopoiesis. The mechanisms mediating this shift are poorly understood. We show that treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), which is often induced during infection, results in marked decline of B lymphocytes at multiple stages of bone marrow B cell development. Transgenic mouse models show that G-CSF acts in a non-cell intrinsic fashion through cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage to suppress B lymphopoiesis by downregulating important B trophic factors …

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A Novel Ultrashort Pulsed Laser Method For Pathogen Inactivation, Shaw-Wei David Tsen May 2016

A Novel Ultrashort Pulsed Laser Method For Pathogen Inactivation, Shaw-Wei David Tsen

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Emerging viral pathogens represent a constant and prominent threat to human health worldwide. There is a dire need to develop new pathogen inactivation techniques that can be used to safeguard the blood supply and to generate inactivated vaccines against these emerging viruses. Unfortunately, current techniques are inadequate because they introduce toxic/carcinogenic chemicals or alter the structure of the products, leading to loss of safety and efficacy. We have developed a novel, chemical-free ultrashort pulsed laser treatment system capable of inactivating a broad spectrum of both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. We found that ultrashort pulsed laser treatment targets the vibrational modes …

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Mechanism Of Calcium-Dependent Chloride Channel Activation By The Secreted Regulator Clca1, Zeynep Yurtsever May 2016

Mechanism Of Calcium-Dependent Chloride Channel Activation By The Secreted Regulator Clca1, Zeynep Yurtsever

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The calcium-activated chloride channel regulator (CLCA) proteins are key signaling molecules, which are implicated in various diseases through their tissue-specific expression. Human CLCA1 protein, overexpressed in airway epithelia under pathophysiological conditions, is centrally involved in the manifestation of IL-13-driven mucus cell metaplasia (MCM), a hallmark feature of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), for which there are currently no available therapeutics. Elucidating the poorly understood molecular basis of CLCA1 function is thus required to design specific inhibitors of CLCA1 activity to treat MCM in asthma and COPD. Originally misannotated as ion channels, CLCA proteins are secreted soluble proteins that …

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The Murine Accessory Olfactory Bulb As A Model Chemosensory System: Experimental And Computational Analysis Of Chemosensory Representations, Gary Francis Hammen May 2016

The Murine Accessory Olfactory Bulb As A Model Chemosensory System: Experimental And Computational Analysis Of Chemosensory Representations, Gary Francis Hammen

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

A common challenge across sensory processing modalities is forming meaningful associations between the neural responses and the outside world. These neural representations of the world must then be integrated across different sensory systems contributing to each individuals perceptual experience. While there has been considerable study of sensory representations in the visual system of humans and multiple model organisms, other sensory domains, including olfaction, are less well understood. In this thesis, I set out to better understand the sensory representations of the mouse accessory olfactory system (AOS), a part of the olfactory system. The mouse AOS, our model chemosensory system, comprises …

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Essays On Human Capital, Health, And Development, Yao Yao May 2016

Essays On Human Capital, Health, And Development, Yao Yao

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation studies rich lifecycle behavior concerning human capital and health, and its implications for economic growth and development. It examines the impact of social institutions and government policies on individuals lifetime choices which affect public health outcomes and economy-wide labor productivity. I apply macroeconomic approach and focus on aggregate effects, but both theoretical framework and quantitative analysis are built upon solid micro foundations of household behavior. By exploring the underlying channels, I derive policy implications for economic growth and development. This dissertation consists of three chapters. Chapter 1 studies the role of fertility motives in womens HIV risk in …

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Topical, Biological And Clinical Challenges In The Management Of Patients With Acne Vulgaris, Anwar Al-Hammadi, Abla Al-Ismaily, Sameer Ramadurai, Rajesh, Rishi Jain, Lynn Mckinley-Grant, Tariq I. Mughal May 2016

Topical, Biological And Clinical Challenges In The Management Of Patients With Acne Vulgaris, Anwar Al-Hammadi, Abla Al-Ismaily, Sameer Ramadurai, Rajesh, Rishi Jain, Lynn Mckinley-Grant, Tariq I. Mughal

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Acne vulgaris is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin disorders among adolescents and young adults. It is associated with substantial morbidity and, rarely, with mortality. The exact worldwide incidence and prevalence are currently unknown. Current challenges involve improving understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of acne vulgaris and developing a practical treatment consensus. Expert panel discussions were held in 2013 and 2014 among a group of scientists and clinicians from the Omani and United Arab Emirate Dermatology Societies to ascertain the current optimal management of acne vulgaris, identify clinically relevant end-points and construct suitable methodology for future clinical trial …

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The Difficult Diagnosis Of Ischaemic Papillary Muscle Rupture : Case Report From An Urban Emergency Department, Christian T. Braun, Meret E. Ricklin, Aristomenis K. May 2016

The Difficult Diagnosis Of Ischaemic Papillary Muscle Rupture : Case Report From An Urban Emergency Department, Christian T. Braun, Meret E. Ricklin, Aristomenis K.

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

We present a rare case of severe ischaemic papillary muscle rupture in a 67-year-old male patient who was admitted to the Emergency Department of the University Hospital Bern, Switzerland, in November 2013 with acute chest pain. On admission, the patient’s blood pressure was 60/40 mm/Hg, his pulse was 110 beats per minute and his respiratory rate was 20 breaths per minute. An electrocardiogram was normal and focused assessment with sonography in trauma was negative. Transthoracic echocardiography showed possible thickening of the mitral valve leaflet with no indications of severe mitral insufficiency or wall motion abnormalities. Triple-ruleout computed tomography angiography revealed …

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The Sanctity Of Life And The Criminal Law, Rev. Anthony F. Logatto, M.S.S.S., Ll.B. May 2016

The Sanctity Of Life And The Criminal Law, Rev. Anthony F. Logatto, M.S.S.S., Ll.B.

The Catholic Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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Celebrating The 2016 Honorary Degree Recipients, Kent Syverud May 2016

Celebrating The 2016 Honorary Degree Recipients, Kent Syverud

Chancellor's Collection

No abstract provided.

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Ua45/6 Commencement Program, Wku Registrar May 2016

Ua45/6 Commencement Program, Wku Registrar

WKU Administration Documents

Commencement program listing graduates.

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05/14/2016 Obituary Records, Hawaii Obituaries May 2016

05/14/2016 Obituary Records, Hawaii Obituaries

Obituaries

List of Obituaries for individuals who passed away on 05/14/2016. Scroll down to see the names and obituary description.

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Aesthesia, Cindy G. Garcia May 2016

Aesthesia, Cindy G. Garcia

CGU MFA Theses

My art practice in itself, is first and foremost about me as a Human on this planet. Second, I am drawn to the cognitive dissonance that happens within each individual, this is key to the majority of my work. For this show I really wanted to emphasize; A: The textural, corporal involvement that I personally really enjoy and get satisfaction out of. B: The color of Life. C: The beauty in very introspective particular instances that happen in day to day life.

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Commencement Program, 2016, Roger Williams University May 2016

Commencement Program, 2016, Roger Williams University

Commencement Programs

Program for Commencement Exercises, including the date, location, and a list of graduates and their degrees. Program also includes other details, such as the names of speakers and honorary degree recipients, awards, and traditions

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2016 Commencement Program, Longwood University May 2016

2016 Commencement Program, Longwood University

Undergraduate Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

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Do Rats Consume Ethanol To Regulate A Negative Emotion Induced By A Successive Negative Contrast Procedure?, Andrew Dieterich May 2016

Do Rats Consume Ethanol To Regulate A Negative Emotion Induced By A Successive Negative Contrast Procedure?, Andrew Dieterich

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

According to the self-medication hypothesis, individuals may consume drugs or alcohol, or engage in other behaviors in order to reduce a negative emotional state (Khantzian, 1985; Gross, 2013; Crum et al., 2013). Rats experiencing a negative state induced by various stressors (Bertholomey et al., 2010), or a decrease or loss in reward value of a sucrose solution (Manzo et al., 2015; Manzo et al., 2014) demonstrate increased consumption of alcohol. I used successive (SNC) and anticipatory negative contrast (ANC) procedures to further examine this hypothesis and the previous findings (Manzo et al., 2015), that rats increase consumption and preference for …

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University Of Mississippi 163rd Commencement, 2016, University Of Mississippi, Jeffrey S. Vitter, Morris H. Stocks, Tom Brokaw May 2016

University Of Mississippi 163rd Commencement, 2016, University Of Mississippi, Jeffrey S. Vitter, Morris H. Stocks, Tom Brokaw

Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

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College Of The Pacific And University College, Diploma And Hooding Ceremony, University Of The Pacific May 2016

College Of The Pacific And University College, Diploma And Hooding Ceremony, University Of The Pacific

Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

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Flow Cytometric Analysis For Cyanobacteria In 36 New Jersey Freshwater Bodies, Ruchit Patel May 2016

Flow Cytometric Analysis For Cyanobacteria In 36 New Jersey Freshwater Bodies, Ruchit Patel

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Eutrophication, a process that occurs due to excessive accumulation of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous is primarily from anthropogenic nitrogen and natural occurrences. This phenomenon causes cyanobacterial overgrowth which can potentially lead to toxic algal blooms that affect public drinking water sources and recreational usage. An immediate need to detect bloom forming cyanobacteria in freshwater bodies early hand is critical to implement prevention strategies. These microorganisms contain phycobiliproteins such as phycoerytrhin, and allophycocyanin as part of the phycobillisome that allow autofluorescence. In this study, 36 freshwater bodies from 14 New Jersey counties were collected and processed for flow cytometric …

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