Digital Commons Network^™

Ketogenic Diet Decreases Emergency Room Visits And Hospitalizations Related To Epilepsy., Husam R. Kayyali, Anastasia Luniova, Ahmed Abdelmoity

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background. Approximately, one-third of patients with epilepsy are refractory to pharmacological treatment which mandates extensive medical care and imposes significant economic burden on patients and their societies. This study intends to assess the impact of the treatment with ketogenic diet (KD) on reducing seizure-related emergency room visits and hospitalizations in children with refractory epilepsy. Methods. This is a retrospective review of children treated with the KD in one tertiary center. We compared a 12 months' period prior to KD with 12 months after the diet was started in regard to the number of emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, …

Physical Activities In The Nys/Bya Program On The Turtle Mountain Chippewa Reservation: A Resource Guide For Adaptation, Lauren Herbert, Melissa Hoffman

Occupational Therapy Capstones

The percentage of children with disabilities in the United States (U.S.) is increasing at an alarming rate. According to the 2000 census, 3.9% of all families reported having a child with disabilities. As of the 2010 census, there were 53.9 million school-aged children (aged 5 to 17) in the U.S with about 2.8 million (5.2%) reporting a disability. Among the American Indian population, these rates are increasing at an even higher rate. American Indians have the highest rates of disability of any group in the United States (Nichols & Keltner, 2005). According to Waldman, Perlman, and Swerdloff (2008), more than …

Amount Of Time To Eat Lunch Is Associated With Children’S Selection And Consumption Of School Meal Entrée, Fruits, Vegetables, And Milk, Juliana F.W. Cohen, Jaquelyn L. Jahn, Scott Richardson, Sarah A. Cluggish, Ellen Parker, Eric B. Rimm

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

There are currently no national standards for school lunch period length and little is known about the association between the amount of time students have to eat and school food selection and consumption.

Objective

Our aim was to examine plate-waste measurements from students in the control arm of the Modifying Eating and Lifestyles at School study (2011 to 2012 school year) to determine the association between amount of time to eat and school meal selection and consumption.

Design

We used a prospective study design using up to six repeated measures among students during the school year.

Participants/setting

One thousand …

Inverted Quarantine: Individual Response To Collective Fear, Katherine Parker Moncure

Honors Papers

In his 2007 book Shopping Our Way to Safety, sociologist Andrew Szasz coined the term inverted quarantine to describe a phenomenon in the way that Americans react to the changing natural environment. Inverted quarantine, or the impulse to remove one’s self from perceived environmental dangers, often manifests in consumption behavior such as consuming only organic food, drinking filtered or bottled water, moving from a city to a suburb, or even being enclosed in a gated community. Although inverted quarantine may result in some form of protection, in the long run it is unsustainable in the face of the changing natural …

Towards Sustainable Rural Japan: A Case Study On Urban-Rural Migration Motives, Lisa Kanai 16

Honor Scholar Theses

With Japan losing its overall population due to low fertility rate, rural depopulation has become a prevalent issue across the country. This thesis examines Oonan Town in Shimane Prefecture as a case study, as it is a rural town that has been successful in getting in-migrants back into the community. Through oral, biographical interviews, participants reported factors that played a significant role in the migration decision-making process. Data show that in-migrants in Oonan Town were largely affected by four factors, which are 1) family ties, 2) life course events, 3) lifestyle preferences, and 4) financial factors. The current study also …

Partnership, Maine Medical Center

Annual Reports

Biennial Report on Nursing, 2015-2016

Banning Metal Mining In Guatemala, Randall S. Abate, Raquel Aldana

Journal Publications

Metal mining is unsustainable for Guatemala and its harms insurmountable for its people. Guatemalans who oppose metal mining have been fighting for decades domestically and internationally against the environmental degradation and other human rights abuses from metal mining activities in the country with little to show for their efforts. The State is too weak and corrupt to offer much hope for reform. Guatemala requires extensive governance reforms to become the type of strong democracy capable of reaping the potential benefits of metal mining in its territory. This is a long-term project. Most Guatemalans opposed to metal mining already know this, …

The Integrative Justice Model: Fair, Ethical, And Innovative Marketing To The Poor, Gene R. Laczniak, Nicholas J. C. Santos

Marketing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

College Of Osteopathic Medicine Overview, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Master Of Health Science Doctor Of Health Science Dual Curriculum, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Antibiotic Efficacy And Interaction In Escherichia Coli During Varying Nutrient Conditions, Kristina K. Millar

Scripps Senior Theses

Due to the recent rise in antibiotic resistant pathogens, and the difficulties surrounding the quest for new antibiotics, many researchers have started revisiting antibiotic interactions in hopes of finding new treatment options. The primary outcome of this project was to examine the efficacy of concomitant antibiotic use under varying nutrient conditions, to identify variations in antibiotic interactions. Antibiotic interactions were studied, utilizing E. coli as a model bacterial system, grown in four different media types. E. coli cultures were treated with streptomycin, tobramycin, erythromycin, and amikacin individually and in a pairwise fashion at varying doses. We found that at least …

The Response Of Molting Homarus Americanus To Ocean Acidification Projections, Erin Lyn Mclean

Open Access Master's Theses

Marine calcifiers, especially those in their larval and juvenile stages, are thought to be most vulnerable to ocean acidification (OA) due to the effects of carbon dioxide (CO₂) on growth and shell mineralogy. However, recent evidence is contradictory. We monitored molting activity, length and weight in early benthic phase juvenile American lobster Homarus americanus (Milne-Edwards 1837) under elevated CO₂ conditions (500 µatm, 1100-1300 µatm, and 2000-2700 µatm) to determine how OA affects growth at this life stage. Molted shells were analyzed for magnesium (Mg²⁺) and calcium (Ca²⁺) content by laser ablation inductively coupled …

Nutritional Status, Cognition And Cardiometabolic Risk In Individuals With Neurological Disorders, Chelsea Paulin

Open Access Master's Theses

Background: Limited research has been done to monitor the progression of health outcomes in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and acquired brain injury (ABI).

Objective/Hypothesis: The purpose of this longitudinal study was to assess the natural progression of the disease process and its effects on nutritional status, cognition, and cardiometabolic risk over a two year time period in those living with PD and ABI ≥ 12 months post-diagnosis.

Methods: Thirteen community-dwelling adults (9 with PD and 4 with ABI) were evaluated for nutritional status using the dietary screening tool (DST), cognition using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment …

Effects Of Physical Activity, Diet, & Self-Efficacy On Physical Function In Older Adults, Katlynn Mathis

Open Access Master's Theses

Background: Many older adults (OA) demonstrate decreased physical function (PF) which may lead to disability. Increased physical activity (PA), eating a healthful diet, and maintaining higher self-efficacy (SE) each improve PF in older adults, but few studies have examined if the combination of these three variables have an additive effect on PF. Additionally, few longitudinal studies have assessed the change in PF in relation to the changes in PA, diet, and SE. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine: (a) the relationship between PF and PA levels, fruit and vegetable intake (F&V), and exercise SE; (b) …

Evaluation Of A Technology Utilizing Nutrition Curriculum On Dietary Intake, Kelsi Chappell

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of a 13-week combined technology enhanced Body Quest: Food of the Warrior (BQ) and Children, Youth, and Families at Risk (CYFAR) obesity prevention focused nutrition education curriculum to increase fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and decrease sugary sweetened snacks (SwS), salty snacks (SaS), and sugary sweetened beverages (SSB) intake.

Design: Quasi -experimental design.

Participants/Setting: N=129 (treatment 70, control 59) 3^rd grade students in fullservice, low-income, urban community schools in Providence, RI completed pre/post surveys on iPads.

Intervention: Treatment group received 13-week technologically enhanced CYFAR/BQ nutrition education intervention. The control group completed …

Predicting Body Fat And Blood Lipids With Sugars Intake, Eric Nelson

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to determine if caloric intake of fructose sugars (free fructose plus sucrose) predicts body fat percentage in young adults. The secondary objective was to determine if caloric intake of fructose sugars predicts total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

Participants and Methods: Men (n=55, body fat=16.3 ± 14.0%) and women (n=281, body fat=26.9 ± 7.5%), 18 to 24 years of age, were recruited for an ongoing, cross-sectional study, The Nutrition Assessment Study. Anthropometric, biochemical and dietary data were collected. Linear modeling was used to assess predictions of body fat percentage …

Validation Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis For The Measurement Of Appendicular Lean Mass In Older Women, Kayla Mahoney

Open Access Master's Theses

Segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (SMF-BIA) has been shown to be a valid, more portable, and less expensive alternative to dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for the measurement of appendicular lean mass (ALM) in several populations. However, few studies have examined the validity of SMF-BIA specifically among populations of older women classified as sarcopenic or dynapenic. The aim of this cross sectional study was to investigate the accuracy of SMF-BIA compared to the gold standard DXA for the measurement of ALM among sarcopenic and/or dynapenic older women. Physical function, ALM, strength, and anthropometric tests were performed to determine the presence …

Exploring Self-Reported And Observed Feeding Practices Of Rhode Island Head Start Teachers, Megan N. Fallon

Open Access Master's Theses

Background: Head Start (HS) teachers care for low-income and ethnically diverse preschool-aged children who are disproportionately impacted by obesity. While it is known that parent feeding practices influence child weight status and eating behaviors, little is known about HS teacher feeding practices. The limited number of studies with HS teachers have been completed primarily with self-report measures, which has documented limitations such as response bias. Capturing HS teacher feeding practices through self-report and observations may provide valuable information needed to evaluate the inconsistencies of current findings.

Methods: Rhode Island HS teachers (n = 85) were observed and feeding …

Acceptability, Short Term Impacts, And Relationships Of Variables Of A Processed Food Module, Jacqueline Corbett

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: The purpose if this study was to evaluate the acceptability and short term impacts of an online educational module focusing on processed foods and explore the relationships between food addiction and related eating behaviors.

Methods: This single-group study used the Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS) to evaluate the module, MANOVA to assess knowledge, decisional balance, and self-efficacy change pre and post module, and multiple regression to assess variable contributions to the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) score.

Results: The module was rated positively (> 3.5) on the IMMS. Participants significantly increased knowledge, decisional balance pros, and self-efficacy. Baseline decisional …

Alkylresorcinols As Biomarkers Of Whole-Grain Intake, Michael Robert Macarthur

Open Access Master's Theses

Background: In order to attenuate the measurement error inherent in dietary recall methods, alkylresorcinols (ARs) have been proposed as a biomarker of whole-grain (WG) intake (1, 2). Although ARs have shown promise in experimental (3) and observational studies (4), most of this research has been conducted in Nordic populations that consume relatively high amounts of WG (5).

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the utility of plasma AR concentration as a WG intake biomarker and identify the primary dietary and non-dietary determinants of plasma AR concentration in a population that consumes relatively few WG.

Methods …

The Influence Of Planned Physical Activity In Preschoolers On Subsequent Energy Balance, Chelsey Leigh Da Silva

Open Access Master's Theses

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease and is defined as having excess fat. However, it is unknown if the caloric expenditure of planned physical activity in children will be offset by them spontaneously increasing their caloric intake or decreasing their subsequent daily activity during the rest of the day. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to monitor preschooler’s PA and caloric intake after planned PA in the morning. Methods: Eight children ages 4-5 were included in this cross over design study. In a randomized fashion, on one occasion participants were guided through a thirty-minute structured physical …

The Effect Of Caffeine Supplementation On Muscular Endurance In Recreationally Active College Age Males, Mark Gauvin

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: Caffeine is a drug consumed regularly by approximately 90% of adults worldwide, primarily due to its ability to reduce fatigue and increase wakefulness. The benefit of caffeine consumption on athletic performance in large doses (3-9 mg/kg body weight or BW) is frequently documented in aerobic athletes. The benefits of caffeine supplementation in resistance training variables, such as muscular endurance, has shown mixed results, partially due to the inconsistency of testing variables. Furthermore, while caffeine supplementation shows promising ergogenic effects in muscular endurance in elite athletes, it is unknown if this effect translates to the recreational athlete. Therefore, the …

The Impact Of The Healthy Children, Healthy Families Curriculum On Maternal Food Parenting Practices, Laura E. Otterbach

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: To assess the impact of the evidence-based Healthy Children, Healthy Families (HCHF) curriculum on changes in positive food parenting practices (FPPs).

Design/Setting: Non-experimental pre/post within-subjects design. The study primarily took place at a free healthcare clinic (Clinica Esperanza/Hope Clinic) located in Providence, RI.

Participants: Mother-child dyads were recruited from the community (n=40) and completed baseline data measures for an 8-week group-based intervention, with 24 mother-child dyads completing the intervention. Dyads were primarily Hispanic, and of low socio-economic status.

Intervention: The 8-week, evidence-based HCHF curriculum/intervention was delivered primarily in Spanish to 4 separate groups of mothers …

Evaluating A Novel Device For Calorie Reduction: The Bite Counter Study, Gregory G. Mayette

Open Access Master's Theses

Background: Self-monitoring dietary intake is a valuable behavior for those wishing to lose weight. Unfortunately, keeping food logs to determine kilocalorie (kcal) intake becomes very cumbersome and, this behavior change is rarely maintained. Although advances in technology have eased the burden of monitoring kcal intake, attrition remains a problem. The Bite Counter is a device worn on the wrist that uses bite count as a proxy for kcal intake, without the need for laborious food intake record keeping. The Bite Counter's efficacy in helping individuals decrease kcal intake by decreasing bite counts in free-living environments has not been tested. …

Predictors Of Successful Behavior Change Within And Across Multiple Health Risk Behaviors, Southey F. Saul

Open Access Master's Theses

Discovering trends in the differences and similarities of variables predicting change across different behaviors may shed light on why some behaviors appear more easily changed than others. Discovering the best predictors of healthy behavior changemay to the development of more effective evidence-based interventions that foster healthy behavior change across multiple health domains.

This study was designed to examine whether there are consistent treatment group, stage of change, demographic, behavior severity, and effort effects that predict longterm changes across three affective behaviors (stress management, emotional eating, depression prevention). The four effects were then compared to three other behaviors previously published in …

Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Home-Based Intervention To Modify Maternal Food Parenting Practices, Amy Michelle Moore

Open Access Master's Theses

Background: Food parenting practices play an important role in the development of a child’s eating behaviors, and subsequent weight status early in life. Yet studies to modify and improve these practices are limited. This study explored the feasibility and acceptability of a novel home-based motivational interviewing (MI) intervention designed to modify and improve the food parenting practices of low-income mothers.

Methods: Mother-child dyads (N=15) were recruited from a Women, Infants and Children (WIC) office in southern Rhode Island. A non-experimental, pretest–posttest design was used to assess changes in maternal food parenting practices. Dyads participated in three home-based sessions …

Dairy Forecasting For Convenience Stores: A Case Study Approach, Sameer Saran

Open Access Master's Theses

A large assortment of industrial engineering tools have been developed to help businesses and organizations in their continuous effort to improve. However, whether by design or by chance these tools are primarily targeted on helping larger scale businesses.

A majority of the businesses that currently operate in the United States are classified as small businesses. Many of these industrial engineering tools require a significant amount of resources or seem to only function in operations larger than those seen at a small business size.

The question of whether these tools seen in larger scale companies can be used on small business …

Impact Of Nutrition Education On Fruit And Vegetable Consumption In An Urban School District, Pauline R. Fallon

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of nutrition education on fruit and vegetable consumption when provided as an addition to the Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP). The secondary purpose was to compare fruit and vegetable consumption between students who received the FFVP and students who did not receive the FFVP.

Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study which involved three schools; one received both the FFVP and a nutrition education program, one received the FFVP only, and one received neither the FFVP nor nutrition education. Students in the intervention group received eight nutrition lessons. Students in …

Humboldt Journal Of Microbiology: Volume 18, Number 1- May 2016, Press Humboldt

Humboldt Journal of Microbiology

No abstract provided.

Geochemical Processes And Controls Affecting Water Quality Of The Karst Area Of Big Creek Near Mt. Judea, Arkansas, V. Brahana, J. Nix, C. Kuyper, T. Turk, F. Usrey, S. Hodges, C. Bitting, K. Ficco, E. Pollock, R. Quick, B. Thompson, J. Murdoch

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Karst regions typically are considered to be vulnerable with respect to various land-use activities, owing to the intimate association of surface and groundwater and lack of contaminant attenuation provided by most karst aquifers. Inasmuch as the soluble rocks of the karst landscape can be dissolved to create large, rapid-flow zones that compete successfully with surface streams, groundwater and subsurface flow represent a much larger component of the hydrologic budget in karst regions than in areas where non-soluble rocks predominate. Karst areas typically are distinguished by being unique, but some general approaches can be applied to characterize the hydrology of the …