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Detection Of Zoonotic Enteropathogens In Children And Domestic Animals In A Semirural Community In Ecuador., Karla Vasco, Jay P Graham, Gabriel Trueba

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

UNLABELLED: Animals are important reservoirs of zoonotic enteropathogens, and transmission to humans occurs more frequently in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where small-scale livestock production is common. In this study, we investigated the presence of zoonotic enteropathogens in stool samples from 64 asymptomatic children and 203 domestic animals of 62 households in a semirural community in Ecuador between June and August 2014. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to assess zoonotic transmission of Campylobacter jejuni and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC), which were the most prevalent bacterial pathogens in children and domestic animals (30.7% and 10.5%, respectively). Four sequence types …

Using Regression-Based Effect Size Meta-Analysis To Investigate Coral Responses To Climate Change, Niklas Alexander Kornder

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Attempts to quantify the effects of ocean acidification and warming (OAW) on scleractinian corals provide a growing body of response measurements. However, placing empirical results into an ecological context is challenging, owing to variations that reflect both natural heterogeneity and scientific bias. This study addresses the heterogeneity of climate change induced changes in coral recruitment and calcification. To discern scientific bias and identify drivers of the remaining heterogeneity, 100 publications were analyzed using a combination of weighted mixed effects meta-regression and factorial effect size meta‑analysis. A linear model was applied to quantify the variation caused by differing stress levels across …

Assessing Risk Of Falling: A Comparison Of Three Different Methods, Steve Strupeit, Arne Buss, Karin Wolf-Ostermann

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Thursday, 21 July 2016 and Friday, 22 July 2016:

Purpose: Prevention of falls and fall-related consequences is crucial in elderly health care because older individuals are at a high risk of suffering falls. Various risk assessment methods have been developed to assess fall risk. Diagnostic accuracy of fall risk assessments is low and there is a scarcity of evidence regarding clinical effectiveness. The study's aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and clinical effectiveness of a standardized fall risk assessment relative to clinical and self-report assessment.

Methods: A single-site, prospective, longitudinal study was performed in a group …

Intersystem Implications Of The Developmental Origins Of Health And Disease: Advancing Health Promotion In The 21st Century, Michael D. Barnes, Thomas L. Heaton, Michael C. Goates, Justin M. Packer

Faculty Publications

The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) theory and life course theory (LCT) are emerging fields of research that have significant implications for the public health and health promotion professions. Using a DOHaD/LCT perspective, social determinants of health (SDH) take on new critical meaning by which health promotion professionals can implement DOHaD/LCT guided interventions, including recommended policies. Through these interventions, public health could further address the sources of worldwide chronic disease epidemics and reduce such disease rates substantially if related policy, programs, and interdisciplinary and multi-sector collaboration are emphasized. Additional characteristics of the most effective interventions involve context-specific adaptation …

Full Issue 10(1)

International Journal of Speleology

No abstract provided.

Quantifying The Top-Down Effects Of Grazers On A Rocky Shore: Selective Grazing And The Potential For Competition, Diana Lascala-Gruenewald, Luke Miller, Matthew Bracken, Bengt Allen, Mark Denny

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

The effect of grazers on the diversity, distribution, and composition of their principal food source has rarely been described for the high intertidal zone of rocky shores, a model system for studying the potential effects of climate change. Along rocky, wave-swept shores in central California, the microphytobenthos (MPB) supports diverse assemblages of limpets and littorine snails, which, at current benign temperatures, could potentially partition food resources in a complementary fashion, thereby enhancing secondary productivity. Two limpet species in particular, Lottia scabra and L. austrodigitalis, may partition components of the MPB, and are likely to affect the composition of the …

The Murray Ledger And Times, July 14, 2016, The Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

New Employee Wellness Director Brings Fresh Perspective To Program, Traci Bratton

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Erbb2 And P38Γ Mapk Mediate Alcohol-Induced Increase In Breast Cancer Stem Cells And Metastasis, Mei Xu, Zhenhua Ren, Xin Wang, Ashley Comer, Jacqueline A. Frank, Zun-Ji Ke, Yi Huang, Zhuo Zhang, Xianglin Shi, Siying Wang, Jia Luo

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Both epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that excessive alcohol exposure increases the risk for breast cancer and enhances metastasis/recurrence. We have previously demonstrated that alcohol enhanced the migration/invasion of breast cancer cells and cancer cells overexpressing ErbB2/HER2 were more sensitive to alcohol exposure. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study was designed to investigate the mechanisms underlying alcohol-enhanced aggressiveness of breast cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a critical role in cancer metastasis and recurrence.

Methods: We evaluated the effect of chronic alcohol exposure on mammary tumor development/metastasis in MMTV-neu transgenic mice and investigated the cell signaling in …

P53 Alters The Cytotoxicity And Genotoxicity For Oxidized Graphene In Human B Lymphoblastoid Cells, Dayton Matthew Petibone

Theses and Dissertations

Widespread use of oxidized graphene nanomaterials in industry, medicine, and consumer products raises concern about potential adverse impacts on human health. The p53 tumor suppressor protein is crucial to maintaining cellular and genetic stability to prevent carcinogenesis. Here, we show that oxygen functionalized graphene (f-G) absorption and p53 functional status correlate with cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human B-lymphoblastoid cells. Trends in f G absorption by were dose-dependent. Cells with functional p53 exposed to f-G arrested in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, suppressed f-G induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and had elevated apoptosis. While compared to p53 competent cells, the …

An Evaluation Of The Silicon Spectral Range For Determination Of Nutrient Content Of Grape Vines, Grant W.F. Anderson

Theses

The grape industry relies on in situ crop assessment to aid in the day-to-day and seasonal management of their crop. In the case of soil-plant chemistry interactions, there are six key nutrients of interest to viticulturists in the growing of wine grapes: nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous, magnesium, zinc, and boron. Traditional methods of determining the levels of these nutrients are through collection and chemical analysis of petiole samples from the grape vines themselves. In this study, however, we collected ground-level observations of the spectra of the grape vines using a hyperspectral spectroradiometer (0.4-2.5µm range; 1nm resampled spectral interval) at the same …

Visual Brand Identity Of Food Products: A Customer’S Perspective, Panagiota Moutaftsi Ms, Panagiotis Kyratsis Dr

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Purpose – The aim of this research is to explore the benefits of a customer based approach on food packaging design. A case study of a small production honey brand is used.

Design/methodology/approach – For the design process, a survey that involved visual elements was conducted as an online questionnaire. The final size of the sample consists of 285 questionnaires.

Findings – The research findings indicate that packaging is a great influencer for consumers and the synergy of consumers with companies can be a catalyst for the product design process resulting in package designs, which engage potential customers and drive …

Plant Trait-Based Assessment Of The Pasture Simulation Model, Anne-Isabelle Graux, Katja Klumpp, Shaoxiu Ma, Raphaël Martin, Gianni Bellocchi

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

We used a functional trait-based plant classification to improve the plant module of the biogeochemical grassland model PaSim. Based on four main classes (A, B, C, D) and two derived types (b, d) covering a gradient from high to low productive/fertile grassland vegetation types, we derived new classes of model plant parameters representing an evolution of a previous parameterization obtained by calibration without considering any plant diversity. Illustrative results are presented for the French grassland site of Laqueuille, by comparing two grazing management treatments: high animal stocking rate and fertilisation “intensive” (type B) and low animal stocking rate “extensive” (type …

The Effect Of Maternal Employment On Child Obesity, Bezawit T. Agiro

International Journal of African Development

Abstract

Obesity has been a major concern for the United States and most other industrialized countries over the past few decades. More than one third of children and adolescents in the United States are obese or overweight. Child obesity is of particular interest because overweight children are more likely to be overweight as adults, and such adults are exposed to various diseases. During the same period that witnessed an increase in child obesity, an important change that occurred was the increase in maternal employment. This study is an attempt to analyze the relationship between maternal employment and child obesity. This …

Endowed Research Fund, Dave Larsen

College of Arts and Sciences Newsroom

A University of Dayton alumnus who is considered a pioneer in the field of sea turtle research has committed $100,000 to launch an endowed fund to assist biology and environmental science students with their research projects.

Um Restaurants Going Green, Edwin Smith

University of Mississippi News

Rebel Market, Catering first in state to achieve GRA certification; Lenoir Dining also in process

The Health Effect Study, Lisa Fryar Woodson, Scherrayn Phillip Garcia, Tyra Huffman Tate, Carmen Victoria Framil, Ora L. Strickland

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Saturday, July 23, 2016 and Sunday, July 24, 2016:

Problem: African-Americans have a significantly greater prevalence of a range of health conditions across their lifespan when compared to other racial or ethnic groups which are often due to negative social determinants of health. These health conditions include but are not limited to infant mortality, teen pregnancy, asthma, hypertension, tobacco usage, obesity, high cholesterol, lack of physical activity, seasonal influenza, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis (TB). Mortality rates are also greater in African-Americans under 65 years of age when compared to other racial and ethnic populations. These disparities are mainly …

Wellness With Children In The Inner-City, Mary Lou De Natale

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Saturday, July 23, 2016 and Sunday, July 24, 2016:

Purpose: Working in the inner city community with vulnerable children is often overwhelming to health care providers. Taking the first step in networking and beginning with an assessment of their potential health care needs related to: physical, emotional, and psychosocial wellness is a positive direction in changing practice and giving opportunities to the vulnerable. It might not be that we change an entire community---but it is one child, one school, and one community to build health promotion. Building trust and supporting their health and wellness is just a …

Screening For Anxiety In The Birth Center Setting: A Quality Improvement Project, Sarah Toler

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Saturday, July 23, 2016 and Sunday, July 24, 2016:

Postpartum anxiety (PPA) is a common, yet frequently overlooked, health concern for millions of women. Affecting nearly one-third of postpartum women, PPA is often, though not always, accompanied by postpartum depression. Depression receives the greatest emphasis during the perinatal period with little attention given to the prevalence and impact of PPA which can be debilitating for women. Without diagnosis or treatment, PPA can negatively affect a new mother, her baby and family structure. It has the potential to delay infant development, decrease success in breastfeeding, and increase the …

Health Promotion Lifestyle Program In Improving Health For Subjects With High-Risk Of Mental Illness, Wei-Fen Ma, Linton Wang

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Friday, July 22, 2016 and Thursday, July 21, 2016:

Background and Aims: The health promotion and illness prevention is a major issue in World Health Organization and the major policy in Taiwan. Early finding for people with high-risk mental status plays the important role in mental health promotion. In evidence data, before specific psychotic symptoms appear, individuals may experience a period of nonspecific prodromal symptoms and growing functional impairment. Early interventions may alter the natural course of mental diseases and improve treatment outcomes. This study aimed to understand the effects of the health promotion lifestyle program in …

Strengthening Nursing Leadership And Community Health In Rural Namibia: Partnerships For Continuing Professional Development, Cheryl Joy Leuning, Saara Johanna Tuwilika Haufiku, Christine S. Gordon

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Friday, July 22, 2016 and Thursday, July 21, 2016: Even though health care infrastructures are well developed in Namibia, shortages of health care providers continue to limit delivery of services. Serving rural populations presents particular practice challenges as roughly two-thirds of the 2.3 million Namibian people still live in remote rural regions of the country (National Planning Commission, 2013). In 2010 a law was passed in the Namibian Parliament mandating that all registered nurses, and all health care professionals, in Namibia must earn 30 continuing education units (CEUs) annually to maintain their registration with the Health Professions …

Exercise Program On Reducing Anxiety And Improving Metabolic Indicators For Patients With Anxiety Disorders, Wei-Fen Ma, Linton Wang

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Thursday, July 21, 2016 and Friday, July 22, 2016:

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of home-based exercise program on reducing anxiety levels and improving metabolic indicators for patients with anxiety disorders.

Methods: A randomized experimental design with convenient sampling was used to recruit 86 subjects from a psychiatric clinic. Three measures were a pre-test before exercise program, a post-test at one week and a follow-up test at 3 months after receiving exercise program. Four self-report scales and biological physical assessments were used for measuring personal data, lifestyle behaviors, anxiety and metabolic …

Natural Fertility, Adrianna Delpazzo

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 15% of couples worldwide have difficulty conceiving a child (Behboodi-Moghadam, Salsali, Eftekhar-Ardabily, & Ramezanzadeh, 2012). Couples who have trouble conceiving are labeled as 'infertile,' defined as failure to conceive while regularly engaging in unprotected intercourse for one year (Polotsky & Houston, 2009). Many couples suffering from infertility automatically seek conventional medical treatment, such as assisted reproductive technology (ART), to facilitate conception. This approach aligns with the traditional western medicine viewpoint that addresses health concerns in a highly technical manner with medication and/or medical interventions and procedures. While there are women of child bearing …

Factors Influencing Obesity Among Preschoolers: Multi Level Approach, So Hyun Park

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Thursday, July 21, 2016 and Friday, July 22, 2016:

Purpose: The increase in childhood obesity is a major public health concern due to its negative effect on children's health outcomes. According to recent studies, childhood obesity is determined through the complex interactions among family, environment, and social behaviors. Therefore, multiple ecological approaches have been recommended to prevent and control childhood obesity. These have been shown to be efficacious in the literature. The purpose of this study is to examine the contributing factors for early childhood obesity within a multi-level context, including child and family, childcare setting, and …

Pressure Ulcer Management In Older Population, Fatos Korkmaz

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Saturday, July 23, 2016 and Sunday, July 24, 2016:

Purpose: The aim of this study is to increase the awareness of health care proffessionals but especially nurses' about the pressure ulcer management in older population.

Methods: This study is a literature review.

Results: Wound care but especially pressure ulcer care is a crucial in caring for older population. It is important to prevent the occurance of pressure ulcer because they cause prolong the length of stay at hospital, increase health care costs, increase susceptibility to secondary infections, increase mortality rates and decrease quality of life. According to …

Np-Led Transitional Care Medical House Call Visits Reduce Er/Hospital Unplanned Readmissions Of Homebound Seniors, Ron Billano Ordona

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Friday, July 22, 2016:

Subject Population: Elderly Medicare beneficiaries who are homebound enrolled in a Nurse Practitioner (NP)-led Transitional Care Medical House Call Program receiving a medical visit in their own homes or communities within seven days of discharge from hospital or skilled nursing facility (SNF) who are under home care.

Purpose: The purpose of this presentation is to show the results of a 90-day pilot study on the effect of a Nurse Practitioner transitional care medical house visit within seven days of discharge from the hospital of skilled nursing facility to unplanned Emergency Room (ER) visits …

Supportive Hand Feeding In Dementia: Establishing Evidence For Three Hand Feeding Techniques, Melissa K. Batchelor-Murphy, Elaine Amella, Ruth A. Anderson, Eleanor S. Mcconnell, Connie Bales, Tracey L. Yap, Susan M. Kennerly, Susan G. Silva, Angel Barnes, Cornelia K. Beck, Cathleen Colon-Emeric

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Sunday, July 24, 2016:

Purpose: Providing nutritional support has been a cornerstone of nursing practice since its inception. Nightengale, 1859. Many things have changed since 1859: life expectancy has increased, and rates of dementia have increased exponentially. Although times have changed, nursing's responsibility for basic nursing care has never been more important for persons with dementia (residents) in the nursing home (NH) setting. The establishment of an evidence-base for the complex basic care needs of this vulnerable population is critical for eradicating malnutrition. Feeding Assistants, often certified nursing assistants (CNAs), are faced daily with challenging, 'aversive' feeding …

Knowledge And Practice Of Self-Management Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes In Benin City, Nigeria, Juliana Ayafegbeh Afemikhe, Jennifer A. Chipps, Karien Jooste

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presente on Sunday, July 24, 2016:

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that requires lifelong medical management, health education and self-management. The positive health outcomes of Type 2 diabetes are tied to patients' knowledge of the disease through health education, self-management of the disease and using the health resources of the nations. Through self-management there can be improvement in the glycaemic control and quality of life of patients with Type 2 diabetes. Activities include practices such as dietary modification, performing increased physical activity, feet care, adherence to prescribed drugs, monitoring of blood glucose level, regular clinic visiting, managing …

Diabetes-Related Knowledge, Attitude And Practices Of Patients With Diabetes In The Free State, South-Africa, Maretha Le Roux, Marianne Reid

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Sunday, July 24, 2016:

Purpose: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a growing public health problem worldwide (international Diabetes Federation, 2013:11) and is linked to overweight and obesity (Xu et al., 2010:4). Many patients with T2DM in South Africa are overweight or obese due to rapid urbanisation in South Africans over the past 20 years. The urbanisation has resulted in a nutrition transition, characterised by a transition from healthier traditional diets to a more Western unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyle. Thus, before considering any intervention it was imperative to assess present diabetes-related knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) …

Nursing Care In Peripheral Intravenous Catheter: Impact On Microbiological Profile, Joao Manuel Graveto, Daniela Vidal Santos, Anabela De Sousa Salgueiro Oliveira, Nadia Osorio

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Sunday, July 24, 2016:

Purpose: The peripheral intravenous cannulation is the most common form of administration of intravenous therapy used in hospitals, being nurses the professional responsible for this procedure. Thus, we intend to characterize the nursing care in the handling (insertion, maintenance and removal) of peripheral venous catheters (PIC) and to understand which was the nursing care impact in the microbiological profile in the PIC and in the skin of the patients.

Methods: This is a descriptive - correlational, cross-sectional research of a quantitative study. Data collection was made between September 17 to December 21, 2012, …