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Identification Of Candida Species And Susceptibility Testing With Sensititre Yeastone Microdilution Panel To 9 Antifungal Agents, Emine Kucukates, Nuh N. Gultekin, Zeynep Alisan, Nur Hondur, Recep Ozturk

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To determine the species incidence and susceptibility pattern to 9 antifungal agents of yeasts isolated from various clinical specimens of colonized or infected patients treated in the coronary and surgical intensive care units (ICU). Methods: A total of 421 ICU patients were treated at the Cardiology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey between June 2013 and May 2014, and 44 Candida species were isolated from blood, urine, endotracheal aspiration fluid, sputum, and wounds of 16 ICU patients. Identification of Candida was performed using CHROMagar. Antifungal susceptibility was determined by a Sensititre YeastOne colorimetric microdilution panel. Results: Candida albicans ( C. …

Epidemiology And Clinical Consequences Of Occupational Exposure To Blood And Other Body Fluids In A University Hospital In Saudi Arabia, Shireen A. Samargandy, Lujain M. Bukhari, Shaza A. Samargandy, Rawiah S. Bahlas, Eman K. Aldigs, Maha M. Alawi, Nabeela A. Al-Abdullah, Tariq A. Madani

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To describe the epidemiological characteristics, clinical impact, and adequacy of post-exposure management of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids (BBFs). Methods: Retrospective chart review of individuals reporting exposure to BBFs from 2007 to 2013 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Results: The total number of exposures reported was 326 exposures, of which 302 (92.6%) exposures were percutaneous, 21 (6.5%), mucocutaneous, and 3 (0.9%), bites. Nursing staff/students had the highest rate of exposure (149, or 45.6%), followed by physicians (57, or 17.5%). Surgeons were found to have a significantly higher risk for sharp injuries compared …

2015-2016 Department Of Internal Medicine Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

2015-2016 Department Of Biomedical Sciences Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

Practice Characteristics That Matter In The Provision Of Health Education Services By Primary Care Physicians, George Paul Newby Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

The onset of chronic disease is occurring earlier and more often in the lives of adult citizens of the United States. The literature has effectively demonstrated the efficacy that physician provision of health education services offers their patients and the positive effects it has for lowering risk factors for chronic disease. The literature has described the complexities physicians encounter in providing these services. The literature is not as plentiful in defining and describing the characteristics of physician practice that are associated with increased health education provision.

This study is an analysis of the factors that are associated with provision of …

Structural And Functional Studies Of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide And Streptolysin S Biosynthesis Proteins From Streptococcus Pyogenes, William T. Booth

Theses and Dissertations

Invasive infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A Strep (GAS), results in approximately 600,000 deaths annually. With evidence of antibiotic-resistant strains of this bacterium on the rise, there is a need for the identification of new drug targets to control these infections. In our approach we target the quinolinate-salvage pathway (QSP) and the streptolysin S (SLS) biosynthesis pathway. The QSP provides a secondary pathway for NAD+ biosynthesis within this organism; the SLS pathway leads to the formation of a quorum sensing molecule (SLS). We hypothesize that inhibition of the pathways will lead to GAS cell death or …

Cultural Perceptions Of Chikungunya In The Dominican Republic, James Preston Kerns

Theses and Dissertations

Chikungunya (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that recently (2013) entered the Western hemisphere and tore through the Caribbean and most of Latin America. The symptoms include rash, joint pain, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and fever. In many cases, sufferers report persistent arthralgia long after the actual viral infection has subsided. There are a variety of misperceptions about CHIKV, which directly impact public health efforts aimed at reducing the prevalence of the disease. Understanding the epidemic spread of CHIKV in the DR and the growth of misconceptions about the origin, severity, cause, and treatment of the disease requires a perspective that encompasses …

Examining Crowdsourced Social Media Platforms And Their Association With College Students' Alcohol Consumption, Perceived Risk, And Behaviors, Danielle Gentile

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: High-risk alcohol use by U.S. college students remains a significant threat to individual health and community well-being. Newly-emerging social media platforms and apps which relay information about alcohol-related law enforcement serve as an intriguing addition to college alcohol-use environments. The purpose of this study was to examine the information delivered to users by the local social media platform @Drinking Ticket (DT), determine which types of information were then relayed to others, and clarify how this information influences alcohol use, perceived risk, and alcohol-related risk behaviors among college students. Methods: One year of DT tweets (n=854 tweets) were qualitatively coded …

From Near And Far: Utilization Of In-Situ And Remotely Sensed Satellite Data From Nasa And Noaa, Jessica Rochelle Price Sutton

Theses and Dissertations

Satellite remote sensing observations have been used for numerous studies to better understand physical and biological properties over varying spatial and temporal scales. Depending on the satellite and sensor, the satellite-derived observations can provide high spatial and temporal resolution for many important physical and biological variables. While there are many limitations in utilizing satellite remote sensing products, there are also many advantages. This dissertation investigates three different applications for satellite remote sensing products to address climatological and ecological concerns. This dissertation is motivated by two overall research questions: (1) How can satellite remote sensing products be used to address important …

Enslaved Labor In The Gang And Task Systems: A Case Study In Comparative Bioarchaeology Of Commingled Remains, William D. Stevens

Theses and Dissertations

This study designs and tests an approach intended to confront one of the major problems faced within biological anthropology, the commingling or mixing of human skeletal remains. The first goal of the study is to implement an approach to sorting mixed human remains in order that they can be made amenable to comparative study. Bioarchaeologists depend on an array of measures, preserved in the human skeleton, to assess the lifestyles and identity of past human groups. As many of these measures are preserved within the morphology of different bones, it is imperative that the association and context of remains are …

The Role Of Dermoscopy In Non-Pigmented Skin Disorders, Hafiza Fathan, Wresti Indriatmi, Rahadi Rihatmadja, Inge Ade Krisanti

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

The use of dermoscopy in non-pigmented skin disorders includes dermoscopy as a diagnostic tool for non- pigmented skin tumors, inflammatory diseases (inflammoscopy) and/or infectious disease (entomodermoscopy), lesions on nail fold and as a tool to monitor skin reaction as a response to treatment and/or side effect. The diagnosis becomes easier, faster and less expensive with dermoscopy without the need for invasive procedures. Knowledge on vascular pattern and its architectural arrangement; which is coupled with additional dermoscopic features, can aid clinicians to the diagnosis. Dermatoscopy can also predict, monitor and evaluate therapeutical response and/or side effect of skin disorders. Nonetheless, dermoscopy …

Molecular Cues Of Pattern-Recognition-Receptor Pathways In Redox-Toxicity-Driven Environmental Nafld, Suvarthi Das

Theses and Dissertations

With the pandemic proportions of obesity and a correlative increase in fatty liver disease, there was a dire need to explore the missing link between the changed environment and progression of NAFLD in obesity. My research implies that environmental toxin bromodichloromethane induces early liver lesions in obesity, and is mediated by the synchronous insult of oxidative stress and increased levels of the adipokine leptin. In a two-pronged approach to investigate the molecular cues, I looked at the role of Purinergic receptor X7 and Toll 4 receptor. Both rodent models and cell-based systems were used. Also, in order to validate my …

Selective Behavioral Alterations In The Hiv-1 Transgenic Rat: Implications For Diagnosis Of Pediatric Hiv-1, Kristen A. Mclaurin

Theses and Dissertations

Since the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), pediatric HIV-1 (PHIV) has evolved from a fatal disease to a chronic disease with children perinatally infected with HIV-1 surviving into adulthood. The HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rat, which expresses 7 of the 9 HIV-1 genes constitutively throughout development, was used to investigate the early development of chronic neurological impairment in PHIV. Male and female Fischer HIV-1 Tg and F344N control rats, sampled from 35 litters, were repeatedly assessed during early development using multiple experimental paradigms, including somatic growth, locomotor activity, cross-modal prepulse inhibition (PPI) and gap-prepulse inhibition (gap-PPI). A rightward shift towards …

Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Immunity Via Interferon-Beta And Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase, Michael B. Cheung

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in young children worldwide, accounting for an estimated 33.8 million cases of respiratory disease, over 3 million of which require hospitalization, and between 66,000 and 199,000 deaths in this susceptible population. Additionally, severe RSV infection early in life is associated with an increased risk of wheeze and other airway disorders later in life. Despite this, there is currently no vaccine or economically reasonable prophylactic regimen to prevent infection. While disease is typically more severe in infancy RSV can infect throughout the lifespan repeatedly as the …

Assessment Of Prolonged Occupational Exposure To Heat Stress, Ximena Garzon-Villalba Garzon-Villalba

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Heat stress is a recognized occupational hazard present in many work environments. Its effects increase with increasing environmental heat loads. There is good evidence that exertional heat illness is associated with ambient thermal conditions in outdoor environments. Further, there is reason to believe that risk of acute injury may also increase with the ambient environment. For these reasons, the assessment of heat stress, which can be done through the characterization of the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), is designed to limit exposures to those that could be sustained for an 8-h day. The ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for heat …

The Changing Face Of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci: Diagnostic And Therapeutic Challenges, Shreya Singh, Sujeesh Sebastian, Benu Dhawan

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS) are now recognized as the etiological agents of an important range of infections in humans. The increasing importance of CoNS may be due in part to the growing appreciation of this group of organisms as opportunistic pathogens and to the increase in the use of medical devices in seriously ill and immunocompromised patients. The ability of biofilm formation seems to play an essential role in their virulence. CoNS are reservoirs of resistance genes. The similarity of SCCmec regions among Staphylococcus aureus and CoNS suggests horizontal transfer between species of Staphylococci. Hence the methicillin resistant CoNS which …

Likelihood Of Widespread Zika Outbreak In United States Low, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

St. Luke's Hospital Annual Report, 1978, Advocate Aurora Health

Aurora St. Luke’s Medical Center Books, Documents, and Pamphlets

St. Luke's Hospital: Annual Report for 1978, entitled "Progress and Promise 1928-1978, A Half Century of Service." Includes reports on financials, hospital expansion, and programs, as well as full lists of medical staff and the board of directors. Several embedded images included, particularly in relation to milestones from the previous 50 years.

Houston, We Have A Phenom, Kassidy Taylor

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Ethics In Community-Based Research With Vulnerable Children: Perspectives From Rwanda, Theresa Betancourt, Mary C. Smith Fawzi, Anne Stevenson, Fredrick Kanyanganzi, Catherine Kirk, Lauren Ng, Christina Mushashi, Justin I. Bizimana, William Beardslee, Guiseppe Raviola, Stephanie Smith, Yvonne Kayiteshonga, Agnes Binagwaho

Dartmouth Scholarship

A “risk of harm” protocol to identify youth in need of immediate emergency assistance in a study on mental health and HIV in Rwanda among 680 youth ages 10–17 is described. Cases are presented that describe the experience in using this protocol to ensure safety of participants, with ethical and logistical challenges considered. Among the population of the study, 3.2% were deemed "risk of harm.” The most prevalent presenting problem was non-fatal suicidal behavior (91% of risk of harm cases), with 36% having a history of a reported previous attempt. Challenges included: acute food insecurity/significant poverty; lack of support/adequate supervision …

From Tolerance To Transmission: Linking Within-Individual To Community-Level Disease Processes, Sarah Catherine Burgan

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Hosts have two main strategies for coping with infections: resistance and tolerance. Resistance is aimed at preventing or eliminating parasites, whereas the goal of tolerance is to maintain performance regardless of parasite burden. The balance between resistance and tolerance within a host may mediate host competence, or the propensity of a host to infect other hosts or vectors. Hosts with high tolerance and low resistance to an infection, for instance, may be highly competent and possess the greatest potential to act as superspreaders. These superspreading hosts will contribute disproportionately to transmission, thus posing the greatest risk to other hosts within …

Smoking Among Youth Living With Hiv: The Intersection Of Behavioral Health And Chronic Disease, Todd Wells

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Smoking amongst youth living with HIV (YLWH) has major public health implications. When combined with the complications associated with smoking such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) or heart disease, the impact of a HIV positive diagnosis increases morbidity exponentially (Nahvi & Cooperman, 2009). The purpose of this study was two-fold, to investigate the perceptions of smoking amongst YLWH aged 18-25 who received care at the CMS Clinic located at the University of South Florida and to determine factors related to cessation. A study design utilizing two components, a systematic literature review and primary qualitative data was used in this …

A Statistical Radiological Analysis In Patients With Sputum Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Muhammed .W.Al.Obaidy, Jubouri, Adnan M. Al, Basil Fawzi Jameel, Waleed Latif Hussein

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACK GROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) a multi-systemic disease with various presentations and manifestations; is due to infection with the acid fast bacillus mycobacterium. Disease occurs in only (10%) of infected individuals, it is associated with overcrowding and immune-compromised states OBJECTIVE: To identity the main findings in plain chest X-ray and CT-scan of the chest of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with sputum smear positive in relation to certain factors and clinical conditions including : gender, age , smoking , alcohol- consumption , co-morbid diseases e.g. diabetes mellitus and steroid medication for more than 4 weeks . PATIENT AND METHOD: Across sectional study …

A Statistical Radiological Analysis In Patients With Sputum Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Muhammed .W.Al.Obaidy, Jubouri, Adnan M. Al, Basil Fawzi Jameel, Waleed Latif Hussein

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACK GROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) a multi-systemic disease with various presentations and manifestations; is due to infection with the acid fast bacillus mycobacterium. Disease occurs in only (10%) of infected individuals, it is associated with overcrowding and immune-compromised states OBJECTIVE: To identity the main findings in plain chest X-ray and CT-scan of the chest of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with sputum smear positive in relation to certain factors and clinical conditions including : gender, age , smoking , alcohol- consumption , co-morbid diseases e.g. diabetes mellitus and steroid medication for more than 4 weeks . PATIENT AND METHOD: Across sectional study …

Bat–Man Disease Transmission: Zoonotic Pathogens From Wildlife Reservoirs To Human Populations, N. Allocati, A. G. Petrucci, P. Di Giovanni

KIP Articles

Bats are natural reservoir hosts and sources of infection of several microorganisms, many of which cause severe human diseases. Because of contact between bats and other animals, including humans, the possibility exists for additional interspecies transmissions and resulting disease outbreaks. The purpose of this article is to supply an overview on the main pathogens isolated from bats that have the potential to cause disease in humans.

The Effectiveness Of An Intervention Designed To Improve Chlorhexidine (Chg) Bathing Technique In Adults Hospitalized In Medical Surgical Units, Janette Echemendia Denny

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Central line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are one of the most fatal types of healthcare associated infections (HAIs) and their economic impact is significant. Although some studies have found no signification reduction in CLABSI rates with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) bathing; good evidence exists to support the use of CHG bathing as an intervention to reduce CLABSIs (Bleasdale et al., 2007; Climo et al., 2009; Climo et al., 2013; Montecalvo et al., 2012). CHG bathing performance may influence the effectiveness of the CHG bathing protocol.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a targeted educational approach involving …

Portland Press Herald Poll #4 - June 2016, Unh Survey Center

All UNH Survey Center Polls

TITLE: Granite Staters Divided on Northern Pass 5/9/16

Bacteriological Study For Some Aerobic Bacteria Contaminated The Post–Operative Wounds, Shaimaa M.S. Zain Ulabdeen

Muthanna Medical Journal

This study include isolation and diagnoses of some aerobic bacteria contaminated the post–operative wounds from infected wounds,100 samples were collected from surgery units of teaching hospital, and Al-Samawah general hospital during September 2014 to February 2015, then the samples cultured on various media (Blood agar, MacConkey agar,chrom agar). Our results showed that from 100 samples included, 73(73%) had growth and 27(27%) had no growth. Further, the present data reported that S. aureusas the commonest isolate at percentage (23.2%),followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (20.6%), Escherichia coli (12.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabil, Klebsiellapneumoniae (8.2%), Enterococcus faecalis (6.8%),Citrobactersp (2.7%) and Klebsiella oxytoca, Serratiamarcescens, Acinetobactersp …

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Directly Targets Hepatocytes To Promote Inflammation In Chronic Kidney Disease, Saurav Singh

Open Access Dissertations

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem that affects 10-15% of the adult population worldwide and significantly increases the risk of death. Patients with CKD develop marked elevations in circulating levels of the phosphaturic hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which correlate with the stage of disease, and are associated with higher risk of mortality. Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of CKD. Circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are significantly elevated in CKD patients and increase with disease progression. This inflammatory burden has been suggested to be …

2016-June-24-Ciidi Update, University Marketing And Communications, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

No abstract provided.