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Bacteriophages: The Answer To Antibiotic Resistance?, Allie Casto, Adam Hurwitz, Kunny Kou, Gregory Mansour, Allison Mayzel, Rachel Policke, Alexander Schmidt, Rowan Shartel, Olivia Smith, Augustus Snyder, Allison Woolf

James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal (JMURJ)

Bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria, have numerous applications in the medical, agricultural, and research fields, especially as an alternative to antibiotics in the age of antibiotic resistance. Phages are able to lyse, or break apart, bacterial cells with fewer side effects, more specificity, and less likelihood of resistance than antibiotics. The acceptance of phages in medicine and agriculture around the world today is not universal, and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been slow to recognize phage therapy as a legitimate treatment. However, the successful use of phages in the past, as well as promising trial results …

The Implications Of Shared Sanitation Facilities On The Transmission Of Diarrheal Pathogens Transmitted Via Environmental And Person-To-Person Routes: A Modeling Study, Matthew R. Just

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

In many low and lower-middle income countries, access to sanitation is limited for many individuals. Open defecation contaminates the environment and facilitates the transmission of diarrheal pathogens that are transmitted via the environment. The provision of sanitation facilities that are shared by many individuals, such as shared latrines in slums, are considered by many public health officials as the only short-term solution to this problem, especially in urban slums in Asia and Africa. However, epidemiological evidences have shown that shared sanitation may actually increase the prevalence of diarrheal diseases. One hypothesis that may explain this phenomenon is that many different …

Detection Of Acinetobacter Baumanniiin Human Lice, Shamta Warang

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

Background: Pediculus humanus humanus and Pediculus humanus capitis are bloodsucking human ectoparasites. Human body lice have been long known to vector several human pathogens, including Rickettsia prowazekii, Bartonella quintana, and Borrelia recurrentis. In contrast, human head lice are not typically associated with carriage of any pathogens, despite sporadic findings of B. quintana and Acinetobacter baumannii in lice collected from homeless people and children in different parts of the world. The purpose of this project is to assess the prevalence of A. baumannii in human head lice collected from school children from Georgia, USA. Methodology and Data: DNA of A. baumannii …

Developing Molecular Tools For Diagnosis Of Human Ehrlichiosis, Megan Mears

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

Background: Ehrlichia chaffeensis, E. ewingii, E. muris and E. canis are known to cause febrile illnesses in humans and dogs. These pathogens are transmitted by ticks, and infection is established following invasion of the human or dog white blood cells. Ehrlichia chaffeensis infections of humans have a fatality rate up to 5%. Ehrlichia ewingii displays antigenic cross-reactivity with E. chaffeensis; however, laboratory case confirmation is difficult because E. ewingii is not cultivable so antigens and genetic data are hard to acquire. Our project will develop approaches and tools to characterize E. ewingii surface protein gene homologous to the major 120 …

Intramolecular Cross-Linking Of Beta Subunits And Pegylation Of Bovine Stroma Free Hemoglobin For Use As A Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carrier, Gil Salazar

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

Purified Bovine Stroma-Free Hemoglobin's (BSFHb) two beta subunits where intramolecularly cross-linked (BXLHb) using bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl) fumarate (DBBF) and further modified with Polyethylene glycol (BPEGXLHb) for possible use as a Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carrier (HBOC). Each stage of modification was characterized by size exclusion chromatography and fluorescence methods. We prepared several different molar ratios of DBBF and BSFHb to acquire the highest yield of BXLHb. Cross-linking of the beta subunits will stabilize the whole Hb tetramer from dissociation and prevent unwanted degradation of the HBOC. We prepared a sample modified with PEG (PEGylation) that had a molecular weight of 5kDa. PEGylation increases …

Microarray-Based Comparative Genomic And Transcriptome Analysis Of Borrelia Burgdorferi, Radha Iyer, Ira Schwartz

NYMC Faculty Publications

Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of Lyme disease, is maintained in nature in a cycle involving a tick vector and a mammalian host. Adaptation to the diverse conditions of temperature, pH, oxygen tension and nutrient availability in these two environments requires the precise orchestration of gene expression. Over 25 microarray analyses relating to B. burgdorferi genomics and transcriptomics have been published. The majority of these studies has explored the global transcriptome under a variety of conditions and has contributed substantially to the current understanding of B. burgdorferi transcriptional regulation. In this review, we present a summary of these studies with …

Mathematical Models For Infectious Disease Transmission With Stochastic Simulation Of Measles Outbreaks, Valerie Welty

Honors College Theses

As they are the leading cause of death among children and adolescents worldwide, it is of extreme importance to control the spread of infectious diseases. Information gained from mathematical modeling of these events often proves quite useful in establishing policy decisions to accomplish this goal. Human behavior, however, is quite difficult to recreate when using equations with pre-determined results, such as deterministic differential equations often used with epidemic models. Because of this, the focus of the research was to create a simulation of an outbreak, specifically of measles, by using an imaginary population experiencing simulated stochastic events on a discrete …

Doxycycline Resistance In Plasmodium Falciparum Linked To Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms In The Plasmodium Falciparum Apicoplast Small Subunit Ribosomal Rna (Pfssrrna) Gene, Amanda Wasko

Scholarly and Creative Works Conference (2015 - 2021)

Plasmodium falciparum, a protozoan parasite known as malaria, widely impacts human health; thus antimalarial drug investigations are critical. Doxycycline is a commonly used antimalarial prophylactic, but its mechanism of action is unclear. In prokaryotes, doxycycline works as an antibacterial by disrupting protein translation via the small subunit ribosome. Interestingly, P. falciparum has a small subunit ribosome of prokaryotic origins in the apicoplast, a plastid-like organelle. Therefore, we hypothesized that doxycycline works in P. falciparum by inhibiting protein synthesis via the small subunit ribosomal RNA and that mutations in the gene encoding the P. falciparum apicoplast small subunit ribosomal RNA …

Clinical Factors Associated With Long-Term Complete Remission Versus Poor Response To Chemotherapy In Hiv-Infected Children And Adolescents With Kaposi Sarcoma Receiving Bleomycin And Vincristine: A Retrospective Observational Study, Nader K. El-Mallawany, William Kamiyango, Jeremy Kim Slone, Jimmy Villiera, Carrie L. Kovarik, Carrie M. Cox, Dirk Dittmer, Saeed Ahmed, Gordon E. Schutze, Michael E. Scheurer, Peter N. Kazembe, Parth S. Mehta

NYMC Faculty Publications

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is the most common HIV-associated malignancy in children and adolescents in Africa. Pediatric KS is distinct from adult disease. We evaluated the clinical characteristics associated with long-term outcomes. We performed a retrospective observational analysis of 70 HIV-infected children and adolescents with KS less than 18 years of age diagnosed between 8/2010 and 6/2013 in Lilongwe, Malawi. Local first-line treatment included bleomycin and vincristine plus nevirapine-based highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Median age was 8.6 years (range 1.7-17.9); there were 35 females (50%). Most common sites of presentation were: lymph node (74%), skin (59%), subcutaneous nodules (33%), oral …

The Echo: April 15, 2016, Taylor University

2015-2016 (Volume 103)

Car wash, canines come to campus – RAC sheets, registration and the Review – Taylor hosts Grant County Autism Family Fun Fair – IWU offers accelerated nursing program – In The Loop – Zika returns worse than imagined – UN seeks new Secretary-General – Meeting Superman – Taylor myths & legends – Looking into Lighthouse – Grandma Gracie – Meek, not weak – Echograms #TaylorU -- #TaylorU’s Top Tweets – Art of imagination – Intelligent design – Artists celebrate Earth Day – Integration of faith and persecution – All the cool kids are doing it – FOMO FOBI: Fear Of …

Uab Observational Study Of Zika Virus Infection During Pregnancy Begins In Brazil, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Wright State University's Celebration Of Research, Scholarship And Creative Activities Book Of Abstracts From Friday, April 15, 2016, Wright State University Office Of Undergraduate Research And Stemm Activities

Celebration of Undergraduate & Graduate Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activities Materials

The student abstract booklet is a compilation of abstracts from students' oral and poster presentations at Wright State University's Annual Celebration of Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities on April 15, 2016.

The Firece Green Fire: Vol. 6 Issue 22, Wofford College Environmental Studies Program

The Fierce Green Fire

No abstract provided.

Development Of A Temperature Sensitive Face Mask For Identification And Triage Of Febrile Patients, Annemarie Daecher, Flemming Forsberg, John R. Eisenbrey

Department of Radiology Posters

Abstract:

Many infectious diseases are most transmittable when the carrier is presenting with fever. We propose a disposable face mask that changes color as an indicator of fever to provide hospitals with a quick and inexpensive method for triaging infected patients while limiting exposure to others. Two blue thermochromatic dyes which transition to white at 89°F and 92°F were mixed with white paint and applied to 5 types of disposable face masks. During trials, a wearer either sat at rest or ran on a treadmill for 20 minutes and images were obtained every 5 minutes with a thermal camera to …

Application Of A Multi-Disciplinary One Health Approach To Understanding Environmental Drivers Of The Spatial Distribution Of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Jessie Barnett, Leigh Robertson

Furman Engaged!

No abstract provided.

College Senate Minutes May 12, 2016, Bronx Community College Senate

BCC Governance Archives

Minutes for the meeting of the College Senate on May 12, 2016.

Umm Curriculum Program Changes 04/11/16, Curriculum Committee

Curriculum Committee Reports

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Mathematical Modeling In Designing And Evaluating Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs, Lester Caudill, Joanna R. Wares

Department of Math & Statistics Faculty Publications

Antimicrobial agent effectiveness continues to be threatened by the rise and spread of pathogen strains that exhibit drug resistance. This challenge is most acute in healthcare facilities where the well-established connection between resistance and sub-optimal antimicrobial use has prompted the creation of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs). Mathematical models offer tremendous potential for serving as an alternative to controlled human experimentation for assessing the effectiveness of ASPs. Models can simulate controlled randomized experiments between groups of virtual patients, some treated with the ASP measure under investigation, and some without. By removing the limitations inherent in human experimentation, including health risks, study …

The Role Of Mathematical Modeling In Designing And Evaluating Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs, Lester Caudill, Joanna R. Wares

Department of Math & Statistics Faculty Publications

Antimicrobial agent effectiveness continues to be threatened by the rise and spread of pathogen strains that exhibit drug resistance. This challenge is most acute in healthcare facilities where the well-established connection between resistance and suboptimal antimicrobial use has prompted the creation of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs). Mathematical models offer tremendous potential for serving as an alternative to controlled human experimentation for assessing the effectiveness of ASPs. Models can simulate controlled randomized experiments between groups of virtual patients, some treated with the ASP measure under investigation, and some without. By removing the limitations inherent in human experimentation, including health risks, study …

Week Of April 11, 2016, New York Medical College

InTouch

• NYMC Unveils Barclay Street Student Residence Hall in Paterson, N.J.
• NYMC Launches Rising Science Stars Both Regionally and Nationally
• SHSP Hosts Health Literacy Workshop
• NYMC "Lights It Up Blue" for Autism Awareness Month
• TouroOne Portal for Students is Live

Combatting Biases: Illusory Imagery In Us News Coverage On Central American Immigration, Katharine Poor

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This paper comprises of original research and analysis of contemporary news media discourse surrounding Central American immigration in the United States. Subjects of study included more than 50 news articles, images, and videos from a variety of major politically-unaffiliated news outlets for English-speaking audiences. Rhetoric was analyzed in representations of the Central American immigration “crisis” that sparked a trend of media coverage in 2014, as well as several articles that covered events leading up to the “crisis.” Common rhetorical analogies ascertained through media analyses include the representation of immigrants as aliens, diseases, parasites, floods, criminals, natural disasters, terrorists, and drug …

Ua61/1 External Advisory Board Meeting, Wku School Of Nursing

WKU Administration Documents

Powerpoint presentation for WKU School of Nursing external advisory board meeting.

Non-Essentiality Of Alr And Muri Genes In Mycobacteria, Philion L. Hoff, Denise Zinniel, Raúl G. Barletta

UCARE: Research Products

Amino acids are the building blocks of life. If DNA is the blueprint, amino acids are the lumber that proteins are built with. Proteins are built with left-handed, L- forms of amino acids. Bacteria have an essential cell wall component that happens to be an exception: peptidoglycan. Bacteria have enzymes called racemases that convert L- amino acid forms into right-handed, D- forms. Amino acids participate in many reactions with keto acids. Transaminases allow conversion between amino acids by transfer of an amino group.

Previous reports claimed there is no D-ala transaminase activity in mycobacteria and thus alr and murI genes …

Poster: Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Emillie Partridge

Best Integrated Writing

This poster presentation by Partridge provides information about stem cell research and the controversy surrounding it.

Latina/O Adolescents' Funds Of Knowledge Related To Engineering, Amy Wilson-Lopez, Joel Alejandro Mejia, Indhira María Hasbún, G. Sue Kasun

Engineering Education Faculty Publications

Background: According to a growing body of research, many Latinas/os experience dissonance between their everyday cultural practices and the cultural practices prevalent in engineering. This dissonance contributes to many Latinas/os' sense that engineering is “not for me.”

Purpose: This study sought to explore the meaning in the relationship between engineering cultural practices and the funds of knowledge found in Latina/o adolescents' familial, community, and recreational settings.

Design/Method: This ethnographic study followed seven groups of Latina/o adolescents as they identified problems in their communities and solved them through engineering design processes. Using a modified form of constant comparative analysis, we analyzed …

Collection Of Ticks For Surveillance Of Disease Agents On A Mountain In Central Virginia, Heather E. Stanley

Senior Honors Theses

Tick-borne disease is found all over the world, and interest in disease surveillance for tick-borne illnesses has increased, partly because some of the illnesses are becoming more common. Tick collection is an integral and necessary part of disease surveillance, and knowledge of the ticks’ habitats, life cycles, and different collection methods increases the chance of their capture. Beginning in March of 2015, ticks were collected using CO₂ traps from Candlers Mountain in central Virginia. The tapes used in the traps were experimentally tested using a force transducer to create a trap that would capture the greatest number of ticks. …

The Evolution Of Mental Illness Definitions And Its Effect On Media Representations: A Literature Review, Christopher Isaac, Arcadia University

The Compass

As world views change, so too do the ways we communicate, providing new definitions to antiquated aspects of our language. However, words can evolve imperceptibly gradually, leaving people perpetuating outdated terms without even realizing. We see this profusely in regards to social issues, such as gender and sexual orientation. Yet, mental illness differs because even today with all we have learned on the topic, there is much less agreement of how to accurately define it, creating frequent misuse of the label. There is a long history of the term “mental illness” being misapplied to various groups of people in ways …

Alabama Vaccine Research Clinic Recruiting For New Clinical Trial For Preventive Antibody For Hiv, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Volume 53, Number 34: April 06, 2016, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

Whalesong 2016-04-06, N/A N/A

Whalesong

No abstract provided.