Digital Commons Network^™

Understanding International Law, Stephen C. Mccaffrey

McGeorge School of Law Teaching Materials

his clearly written Understanding treatise is designed to explain what international law is, why it exists, and the basic subjects it covers. The law of treaties is given particular attention, chiefly because of the increasing importance of the treaty in international life. The number of treaties has mushroomed since the Second World War and many of these agreements include over 100 states as parties. Because of their number and the breadth of their coverage, treaties are thus the main form of international legislation. But since they are also contractual in character, and since many multilateral treaties allow states to place …

Enhancing Cellular Uptake Of Magnetic Nanoparticles For Cancer Therapy Via Nanoparticle Engineering & Sonoporation, Ronald Kumon, Prem Vaishnava, Ronald Tackett, Lihua Wang, Cheryl Samaniego, Alexis Siegel, Sally Dagher

Physics Grants

Magnetic induction heating of iron oxide nanoparticles has been proposed as a method for noninvasive cancer treatment without the side effects of chemotherapy and ionizing radiation. At Kettering University we propose to improve the uptake of nanoparticles by cells through the use of nanoparticle engineering and ultrasonic fields.

Status Assessment And Conservation Plan For The Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus Savannarum), Janet M. Ruth

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

The Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) breeds in grassland habitats throughout much of the U.S., southern and southeastern Canada, and northern Mexico. Additional subspecies are resident in Central America, northern South America, and the Caribbean. It winters primarily in the coastal states of the southeastern U.S., southern portions of the southwestern states, and in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. The species prefers relatively open grassland with intermediate grass height and density and patchy bare ground; because it is widely distributed across different grassland types in North America, it selects different vegetation structure and species composition depending on what …

Digital Patent Infringement In An Era Of 3d Printing, Timothy R. Holbrook, Lucas Osborn

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

The digital revolution has now moved beyond music and video files. A person can now translate three-dimensional objects into digital files and, at the press of a button, recreate those items via a 3D printer or similar device. Just as digitization placed pressure on the copyright system, so will these digital computer-aided design (CAD) files stress the patent system. Patents directed to physical objects can now have their value appropriated — not by the transfer of physical embodiments — but by the making, selling, and transferring of CAD files designed to print the invention. We term this phenomenon digital patent …

Expressive Eligibility, Timothy R. Holbrook, Mark D. Janis

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

What is the ultimate objective of the patent eligibility inquiry? The recent eligibility case law — a frenzied outpouring of opinions from many esteemed judges — has revealed little while mystifying much. Scholars haven’t fared much better, although it isn’t for lack of trying. Our scholarly colleagues have offered a multitude of intriguing new perspectives on the analysis — drawing on history, the philosophy of science, semiotics, institutional choice, and so on. But we continue to wonder exactly what the eligibility inquiry is for.

In addressing that question here, we’re following a familiar methodological tradition: we propose to reimagine eligibility …

Emg And Kinematic Responses To Unexpected Slips After Slip Training In Virtual Reality, Prakriti Parijat, Thurmon E. Lockhart, Jian Liu

Computer Sciences and Electrical Engineering Faculty Research

The objective of the study was to design a virtual reality (VR) training to induce perturbation in older adults similar to a slip and examine the effect of the training on kinematic and muscular responses in older adults. Twenty-four older adults were involved in a laboratory study and randomly assigned to two groups (VR training and control). Both groups went through three sessions including baseline slip, training, and transfer of training on slippery surface. The training group experienced 12 simulated slips using a visual perturbation induced by tilting a VR scene while walking on the treadmill and the control group …

A Fistful Of Polemoniaceae: New Names And Combinations, J. Mark Porter, Robert W. Patterson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

New taxa, names, and combinations are provided for five genera in Polemoniaceae: Dayia, Giliastrum, Leptosiphon, Linanthus, and Loeselia. Combinations include the transfer to Dayia of two species formerly included in Ipomopsis and one in Bryantiella (Dayia glutinosa, D. havardii, and D. sonorae), as well as the return of Giliastrum stewartii to species rank. A new name is offered for Linanthus aureus when transferred into Leptosiphon: Leptosiphon chrysanthus and its subspecies, L. chrysanthus subsp. decorus. New combinations for infraspecific taxa are made available for Linanthus californicus (subspp. glandulosus and tomentosus …

Fy15-Fy16 Budgets, Planning, Budget, And Institutional Research

Criterion 5 Documents

No abstract provided.

Common Data Set 2014-2015, Clemson University

Common Data Sets

No abstract provided.

An Inverse Relationship Between A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase-9 And Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Expression In Oral Lichen Planus, Darussakorn Maneerat, Pareena Chotjumlong, Thanapat Sastraruji, Surawut Pongsiriwet, Anak Iamaroon, Suttichai Krisanaprakornkit

Chulalongkorn University Dental Journal

Background A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase-9 (ADAM-9) is a type I transmembrane protein associated with epithelial differentiation. ADAM-9 is involved in wound healing process by controlling keratinocyte migration and tumorigenesis. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a useful marker for cell proliferation. Several studies reported increased PCNA expression in oral lichen planus (OLP), but ADAM-9 expression in OLP has not yet been studied. Objectives To compare the expression of ADAM-9 and PCNA in OLP with that in normal oral mucosa and to find correlations between ADAM-9 or PCNA expression and OLP clinical severity. Materials and Methods The expression of ADAM-9 and …

Using Click-Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response Waveforms To Measure Hearing Loss In The Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus), Krysta L. Gasser Rutledge

Independent Studies and Capstones

Developing an improved methodology for efficient and informative hearing assessment in marine mammals would prove insightful in expanding current knowledge regarding marine mammal hearing sensitivity, particularly in studying the effects of anthropogenic noise. This study examines the click-evoked auditory brainstem response in relation to upper frequency limit of hearing in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) as a proxy for hearing capacity.

Ebola Scare And Measles Resurgence: Mandatory Isolation/Quarantine And Vaccination, Mark C. Aita Md, Takeem T. Ragland Ma

Journal of Health Ethics

Public outcry for radical isolation and quarantine policies followed the first Ebola diagnosis in the United States when Eric Duncan, upon his return home Oct 2014 from West Africa, then in the midst of a catastrophic Ebola epidemic, tested positive for Ebola. Likewise, the Dec 2014 Disneyland measles outbreak unleashed an angry backlash against parents who refused to have their children vaccinated; and there was public momentum to repeal all legal exemptions to mandatory vaccination of school children. This paper presents an ethical and legal analysis to adjudicate the issue which is at stake in both controversies; namely the inherent …

Interference With Nature: Xenotransplantation Procedure And Its Potential Effects On Man, Peter B. Bisong

Journal of Health Ethics

Xenotransplantation is not yet a clinical success and therefore pose no risk at present. The major concern of the researchers is that, the research on xenografting is ongoing, and possibly in the nearest future xenografting might become a clinical routine. If this becomes the case, then its potential risks would become actual risks. It is however, wrong to wait till the risks begin to manifest before action is taken. It is on this ground that, the researchers believe that if the ethical implications of this relatively new procedure (xenografting) could be well spelt out, it might serve to discourage research …

Classroom Motivational Climate In Online And Face-To-Face Undergraduate Courses: The Interplay Of Gender And Course Format, Yan Yang, Yoon-Jung Cho, Angela Watson

College of Science and Engineering Faculty Research and Scholarship

In this study, the role of gender and course format in college students’ perceptions of classroom motivational climate (i.e., sense of classroom community and perceived classroom goal structure) was examined. Participants were 722 college students from a variety of majors at a comprehensive Midwest American university. Female students felt a stronger sense of community and perceived lower levels of performance-approach goal structure in online classes than their male counterparts experienced. Male students perceived the face-to-face classes as being more communal and less performance-approach oriented than the females did. Further, both male and female students perceived a stronger mastery-approach classroom goal …

Life Cycle Assessment Of Algal Biofuels, Dipesh Kumar, John Korstad, Bhaskar Singh

College of Science and Engineering Faculty Research and Scholarship

First- and second-generation biofuels are widely recognized as unsustainable in the long run due to associated challenges and are incapable to completely displace petroleum-based transportation fuels. Biofuel from algae (third generation of biofuels) is an emerging area of research and offers several potential benefits over first and second generation of biofuels. To achieve the goals of sustainable development needed today requires moving beyond the general compliance to specified norms for environmental protection and a cradle-to-grave-approach-based analysis of products and processes. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an analytical tool to assess the environmental, social, and economic performance of alternative products and …

Dosing-Time Dependent Effects Of Sodium Nitroprusside On Cerebral, Renal, And Hepatic Catalase Activity In Mice, Mamane Sani, Hichem Sebai, Roberto Refinetti, Mohan Mondal, Néziha Ghanem-Boughanmi, Naceur A. Boughattas, Mossadok Ben-Attia

Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

To investigate the time dependence of sodium nitroprusside- (NPS-) induced oxidative effects, the authors study the variation of the antioxidant enzyme CAT activity in various tissues after the administration of a single 2.5mg/kg dose of SNP or sodium chloride (NaCl 0.9%). For each of the two dosing times (1 and 13 hours after light onset, HALO, which correspond to the beginning of diurnal rest span and of nocturnal activity span of mice, resp.), brain, kidney, and liver tissues were excised from animals at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 36 h following the drug administration and CAT activity …

Course Catalog 2015-2016, Csusb

CSUSB Course Catalog

No abstract provided.

Proven Family-Based Interventions In The Treatment Of Pediatric Obesity, Sarah Winter

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Childhood obesity continues to be ever expanding.

• This is leading to increasing health care needs and costs.

• Despite numerous interventions, the rates continue to climb.

• The purpose of this study is to identify family-based childhood obesity interventions that are proven to decrease the rates of childhood obesity.

• A literature review explores multiple different family-based childhood obesity interventions.

• The effective interventions are examined closely to discover commonalities between the interventions.

• Family-based interventions that decrease childhood obesity share similar attributes.

• The proven interventions may indicate the need to focus coordination of care with the …

2014-2015 Annual Report - Office Of International Programs & Study Abroad & Global Learning, Office Of International Programs And Study Abroad & Global Learning, Craig Cobane

Office of International Programs Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Habituation To Auditory Stimuli By Captive African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana), Sarah Elizabeth Goodyear, Bruce A. Schulte

Biology Faculty Publications

Habituation is a major concern for the development of effective, long-term human-wildlife conflict mitigation and zoo enrichment programs. Elephants are cognitive species that exhibit many types of learning, such as associative, social, and insight learning. However, no study has examined the habituation process in elephants. Elephants possess a well-developed sensory system and may habituate to stimuli that could be used for enrichment and/or management. The aim of this study was to examine their habituation process in response to repeated presentations of two auditory stimuli: buzzing by a disturbed beehive and the sound created by banging on pots and pans, and …

Assessing Students’ Volition And Performance Through Integrated Metacognitive Instruction, Rey G. Tantiado, Ricardo T. Bagarinao

CNU Journal of Higher Education

Each student has a unique way of learning things. But whether or not it is influenced by a teaching strategy is something that needs to be determined. The study analyzed if teaching methods could affect students’ volition and choice of a learning strategy. Using the adaptation concept as a framework, the study designed a quasi-experiment that involved two intact classes of 36 freshmen students taught with integrated metacognitive instruction (IMI) and traditional lecture method (TLM). A prior consent was sought from these students and the university at which the study was conducted. The students were enrolled in a general biology …

Grain Protectant Efficacy Of Makabuhay, Tinospora Rumphii Extract Against Maize Weevil, Sitophilus Zeamais M., Pedro M. Gutierrez Jr.

CNU Journal of Higher Education

The grain protectant efficacy of Makabuhay, Tinospora rumphii stem extract was tested on adult maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais M. Evaluation of phytochemicals present in the extract was conducted to identify its bioactive compounds. The ethanolic stem extract of T. rumphii contains the following phytochemicals: alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and tannins. These phytochemicals are known to possess pesticidal activities against insects and other pests. The grain protectant efficacy of T. rumphii against corn weevils was manifested by the percentage of mortality of weevils, number of corn seed holes; weight loss and percentage corn germination. Results revealed that the corn weevils treated with …

Heterosexual Men In Homosexual Encounter, Laurence L. Garcia, Ma. Mayla Imelda M. Lapa, Christine Joy J. Bandala

CNU Journal of Higher Education

Sexuality is an important aspect of being human. Sex as an expression of sexuality is a biologically important means to ensure the continuation of the human race. However, sexuality has social ramifications. The experience of the heterosexual man in engaging in homosexual sex is a social taboo, thus, is not at all talked about in contrast to the homosexual man’s experience. It is therefore the primary aim of this study to analyze the underlying reasons why heterosexual men engage in sex with other men. The study used deductive approach to theory development to create a theory that would explain the …

On The First Kind R-Whitney Numbers And The Combinatorics Of 0-1 Tableaux, Roberto B. Corcino, Cristina B. Corcino

CNU Journal of Higher Education

The limit expression, denoted by ����,��(��, ��) was evaluated completely that yields an explicit formula in elementary symmetric function form. The limit ����,��(��, ��) has possessed some necessary properties like recurrence relations, generating functions, orthogonality relation, inverse relation and matrix factorization. It has been identified that the numbers ����,��(��, ��) are certain generalization of Gould-Hopper numbers, which are useful in biology and reliability theory. One can easily verify that these numbers are equivalent to the first kind r-Whitney numbers using their existing properties. In this present paper, a combinatorial meaning for r-Whitney numbers of the first kind in the context …

F. W. J. Schelling's "Ages Of The World": Acting Out Of Time, Jared Kenrick Nieft

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This paper offers a new interpretation of Schelling's unfinished fragment, Die Weltalter, one that shows why and how he links the problem of divine creation to the modern crisis of Being and time. The growing sense of disorientation, isolation, indifference and loss that Schelling discovers in his own time parallels the metaphysical concerns and dilemmas of Die Weltalter. It is what draws the question of primordial time so close to our time and gives him the grounds to think them together. Cultural creation is inseparable from the enigma of divine creation. To fathom one is to divine the …

Regulation Of Synaptogenesis By The Mirna Pathway And Fmr/P Bodies, Jacqueline Rochelle Furlong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA is facilitated by different mechanisms, such as microRNA (miRNA) induced gene silencing or fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) mediated repression either independent of or acting through cytoplasmic RNA Processing bodies (P bodies). DPTP99A, Lar, and Wg have known functions during synaptogenesis and may be targets of miR-8. Here, we provide evidence that miR-8 regulates DPTP99A in vitro. Non-endogenous miR-8 expressed using an UAS driver regulates Lar. Endogenous miR-8 may regulate DPTP99A in vivo. Here we show that FMRP is capable of colocalizing with the P body components: DCP1, HPat, and Me31B, but not …

Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (Epr) And Digital Epr Development, Zhelin Yu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Rapid scan electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was developed in the Eaton laboratory at the University of Denver. Applications of rapid scan to wider spectra, such as for immobilized nitroxides, spin-labeled proteins, irradiated tooth and fingernail samples were demonstrated in this dissertation. The scan width has been increased from 55 G to 160 G. The signal to noise (S/N) improvement for slowly tumbling spin-labeled protein samples that is provided by rapid scan EPR will be highly advantageous for biophysical studies. With substantial improvement in S/N by rapid scan, the dose estimation for irradiated tooth enamels became more reliable than …

An Examination Of Disproportionality In One School District Using A Response To Intervention Model, Brittney M. Bixby

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Disproportionality in special education has been an ongoing discussion and cause for concern at the district, state, and federal levels for the past 45 years. Due to legislative changes and a shifting attitude in public education away from a "wait to fail" service delivery model, may states now require the use of Response to Intervention (RTI), or a multi-tiered system of support (MTSS) for students who do not meet grade level academic standards or behavioral expectations. This study examined the presence of disproportionality among race/ethnicity, gender, and ELL status for students who received targeted and intensive interventions across two consecutive …

Gender Differences In Risk Factors And Mechanisms For Adolescent Offending, Emma Venell Espel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

From 1985 to 2009, the juvenile justice system processed 86% more offending cases for females, with only a 17% rise in male cases (Puzzanchera et al., 2012), highlighting the urgent need for understanding of gender differences in etiological factors of offending. Specifically, there is an essential need to understand mechanisms of the relationship between risk factors and offending behavior. The current work combines two studies with a gender-sensitive approach and an aim to investigate gender differences in a subset of modifiable mechanisms, such as anxiety and impulse control, which link interpersonal risk and offending. The first study tests gender differences …

Particle Swarm Optimization Based Reactive Power Dispatch For Power Networks With Distributed Generation, Xiao Kou

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Reactive power is critical to the operation of the power networks on both safety aspects and economic aspects. Unreasonable distribution of the reactive power would severely affect the power quality of the power networks and increases the transmission loss. Currently, the most economical and practical approach to minimizing the real power loss remains using reactive power dispatch method.

Reactive power dispatch problem is nonlinear and has both equality constraints and inequality constraints. In this thesis, PSO algorithm and MATPOWER 5.1 toolbox are applied to solve the reactive power dispatch problem. PSO is a global optimization technique that is equipped with …