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Qat Chewing And Periodontal Pathogens In Health And Disease: Further Evidence For A Prebiotic-Like Effect, A. Al-Alimi, T. Taiyeb-Ali, N. Jaafar, N.N. Al-Hebshi

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Aim. Qat chewing has been reported to induce subgingival microbial shifts suggestive of prebiotic-like properties. The objective here was to assess the effect of qat chewing on a panel of classical and new putative periopathogens in health and periodontitis. Materials and Methods. 40 qat chewers and 40 nonchewers, equally stratified by periodontal health status, were recruited. Taqman, real-time PCR was used to quantify total bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Parvimonas micra, Filifactor alocis, Synergistetes, and TM7s in pooled subgingival biofilm samples. Differences in microbial parameters between the study groups were analysed using ordinal regression. Results. In health, the …

Qatchewing And Periodontal Pathogens In Health And Disease: Further Evidence For A Prebiotic-Like Effect, A. Al-Alimi, T.B. Taiyeb Ali, N. Jaafar, N.N. Al-Hebshi

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Aim. Qat chewing has been reported to induce subgingival microbial shifts suggestive of prebiotic-like properties. The objective here was to assess the effect of qat chewing on a panel of classical and new putative periopathogens in health and periodontitis. Materials and Methods. 40 qat chewers and 40 nonchewers, equally stratified by periodontal health status, were recruited. Taqman, real-time PCR was used to quantify total bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Parvimonas micra, Filifactor alocis, Synergistetes, and TM7s in pooled subgingival biofilm samples. Differences in microbial parameters between the study groups were analysed using ordinal regression. Results. In health, the …

Office Of The Vice Provost For Research Annual Report - 2015, Office Of The Vice Provost For Research, East Tennessee State University

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Novel Solid-Phase Extraction Techniques For Biological And Environmental Analysis Using Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry, Andrew Boggess

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Awareness and study of the ways in which the environment can interact with the personal genetics and epigenetics of an individual has grown substantially in recent years, resulting in the field of Exposomics. In an era of increasingly personalized medicine, novel techniques are necessary to ensure the accurate and sensitivity measurement of clinically and environmentally relevant molecules in biological and environmental samples. Addressing existing shortcomings cited in literature, methods were developed and optimized for the extraction, separation, mass analysis, and quantification of a suite of environmental organic pollutants in both biological and environmental samples, with the primary objective of improving …

Evolution Of Prostate Specific Gene Expression Associated With Post Copulatory Sexual Selection, Scott Hergenrother

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hominoid primate species differ remarkably in their social grouping and mating systems, notably including differing degrees of post-copulatory sexual selection. As the mating system of extinct hominins remains unknown and difficult to predict, it may be useful to examine more proximate phenotypes correlated with behavior. For example, chimpanzees and bonobos have a large ejaculate that coagulates into a rigid copulatory plug, presumably in response to high levels of sperm competition, while gorillas have a small semi-viscous ejaculate associated with low sperm competition. To understand the molecular basis responsible for differences in semen biochemistry among hominoid species, I completed two research …

Enrollment By Major, Office Of Institutional Research And Effectiveness, Mississippi State University

Bulldog Basics

No abstract provided.

Outlook Magazine, Autumn 2015

Outlook Magazine

No abstract provided.

Associations Between Self-Referral And Health Behavior Responses To Genetic Risk Information, Kurt D. Christensen, J. Scott Roberts, Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher, Sharon Lr Kardia, Colleen M. Mcbride, Erin Linnenbringer, Robert C. Green, Reveal Study Group

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Twin Study Of Breastfeeding With A Preliminary Genome-Wide Association Scan, Lucia Colodro-Conde, Gu Zhu, Robert A. Power, Anjali Henders, Andrew C. Heath, Pamela A F Madden, Grant W. Montgomery, Sarah Medland, Juan R. Ordoñana, Nicholas G. Martin

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Rice Xa21 Primed Genes And Pathways That Are Critical For Combating Bacterial Blight Infection, Hai Peng, Zheng Chen, Zhiwei Fang, Junfei Zhou, Zhihui Xia, Lifen Gao, Lihong Chen, Lili Li, Tiantian Li, Wenxue Zhai, Weixiong Zhang

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Assessing A Public Health Intervention For Children In Barbados, 2003-2008, Jennifer H. Bushelle-Edghill, Sarah B. Laditka, James N. Laditka, Larissa R. Brunner Huber

College of Business and Economics

Introduction In 2003, Barbados, a developing country with universal health care, launched the Barbados Strategic Plan for Health, a national intervention to promote public health. Teachers, health educators, and clinicians worked to improve children's health, with particular focus on asthma and diabetes. We studied this intervention by using data on preventable hospitalization, an indicator that assesses both the overall effectiveness of public health and access to primary health care. The purpose of this study was to assess the Barbados Strategic Plan for Health by measuring rates of preventable hospitalization among children. Few researchers have studied these hospitalizations for children, and …

Physical Education Teaching Assistant Perceptions On Classroom Management And Teaching Effectiveness, Minhyun Kim, Mike Stocz

Kinesiology

This research examined graduate students in physical education TA (teaching assistant) positions instructing lower level classes, and how classroom management skills prior to student teaching may improve the quality of TA classroom instruction. A survey was conducted with TA graduate students instructing lower level classes and an examination of their opinions and open mindedness as to the idea of education in leadership methods and class management to improve the quality of TA instruction. The following questions were examined in the survey: comparative importance between classroom management and mastery of skills, having detailed knowledge of a subject to teach entry level …

Drougthscape, Winter 2015, Kelly Smith

DroughtScape: Quarterly Newsletter of the National Drought Mitigation Center (2007–2023)

Contents

Director’s report

Central U.S. 2012 report

October-December drought summary

2014 drought summary

Caribbean capacity building

Drought impacts in 2014

California timeline 2014

UC Davis ranching workshop

NASA SMAP data

Global drought info system

Community Capitals

Evaluation and assessment

Indicator-impact research

NDMC on YouTube

Ascetic Entrepreneurship: How The Christian Work Ethic Creates Long-Term Value For Business And Society, David Kee D.B.A.

Belden Center Monographs

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Rhizoctonia Zeae As A Potential Biological Control Option For Fungal Root Diseases Of Sugar Beet, K M. Webb, R. M. Harveson, M S. West

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Several common root diseases routinely damage sugar beet in Nebraska and other production areas of the Central High Plains, and it is becoming more common to find fields infested simultaneously with multiple pathogens. Owing to the shortage of available fungicides for economic management of soilborne diseases, alternative techniques such as biological control are increasingly being sought for disease management. Over the last several years, unidentified, sterile fungi have been isolated in conjunction with pathogens from infected sugar beet roots and seedlings. At least two promising isolates have been identified from in vitro assays that inhibit the radial growth of multiple …

Bacterial Wilt Of Dry-Edible Beans In The Central High Plains Of The U.S.: Past, Present, And Future, Robert M. Harveson, Howard F. Schwartz, Carlos A. Urrea, C. Dean Yonts

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Bacterial wilt, caused by Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, was first recognized and described as a new dry bean disease near Redfield, South Dakota, after the 1921 growing season on the farm of the Office of Forage Investigations. The grower on this farm informed the federal investigators that he believed the disease to be the same one that killed 90% of his crop in 1920. For the 1921 season, he saved and planted the seed harvested from the previous year, resulting in an estimated 25% loss.

. . .

It is likely that wilt has “reappeared” and become widely established throughout …

Corn Residue Stocking Rate Affects Cattle Performance But Not Subsequent Grain Yield, L. A. Stalker, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Jennifer A. Gigax, A. L. Mcgee, T. M. Shaver, S. J. Van Donk

West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte

This study investigated effects of stocking rate on cattle performance, quality and quantity of corn residue, and impact of residue removal on grain yield for 5 yr at the University of Nebraska – Lincoln West Central Water Resources Field Laboratory near Brule, NE. Four removal treatments—1) no removal (control), 2) grazing at 2.5 animal unit month (AUM)/ ha, 3) grazing at 5.0 AUM/ha, and 4) baling—were applied to a center pivot–irrigated corn field (53 ha). The field was divided into eight 6.6-ha paddocks to which replicated treatments were assigned. Samples of residue were collected in October and March (before and …

Feasibility Of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound In Pre-Participation Screening, Miriam L. Fishman, Jennifer Shea, Brian G. Choi, Allen J. Solomon

Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: Current American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for pre-participation athletic screening recommend a 12-point history and exam to minimize the risk of sudden cardiac death. We tested the hypothesis that focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) performed and simultaneously interpreted by a cardiologist using a handheld ultrasound device would be a feasible addition. Methods: We performed pre-participation screening according to AHA recommendations on high school athletes in a multi-purpose room at their school. In addition to the standard 12-point assessment, a cardiologist simultaneously performed and interpreted a FCU on each athlete using a handheld ultrasound. Results: The mean age of the athletes …

Diagnostic Ultrasound Estimates Of Muscle Mass And Muscle Quality Discriminate Between Women With And Without Sarcopenia, Catheeja Ismail, Johannah Zabal, Haniel J. Hernandez, Paula Woletz, Heather Manning, Carla Teixeira, Loretta Dipietro, Marc R. Blackman, Michael O. Harris-Love

Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Age-related changes in muscle mass and muscle tissue composition contribute to diminished strength in older adults. The objectives of this study are to examine if an assessment method using mobile diagnostic ultrasound augments well-known determinants of lean body mass (LBM) to aid sarcopenia staging, and if a sonographic measure of muscle quality is associated with muscle performance.

Methods: Twenty community-dwelling female subjects participated in the study (age = 43.4 ±20.9 years; BMI: 23.8, interquartile range: 8.5). Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and diagnostic ultrasound morphometry were used to estimate LBM. Muscle tissue quality was estimated via the echogenicity using …

The Actn3 R577x Polymorphism Is Associated With Cardiometabolic Fitness In Healthy Young Adults., Chelsea L Deschamps, Kimberly E Connors, Matthias S Klein, Virginia L Johnsen, Jane Shearer, Hans J Vogel, Joseph M. Devaney, Heather Gordish-Dressman, Gina M Many, Whitney Barfield, Eric P. Hoffman, William E Kraus, Dustin S Hittel

Genomics and Precision Medicine Faculty Publications

Homozygosity for a premature stop codon (X) in the ACTN3 “sprinter” gene is common in humans despite the fact that it reduces muscle size, strength and power. Because of the close relationship between skeletal muscle function and cardiometabolic health we examined the influence of ACTN3 R577X polymorphism over cardiovascular and metabolic characteristics of young adults (n = 98 males, n = 102 females; 23 ± 4.2 years) from our Assessing Inherent Markers for Metabolic syndrome in the Young (AIMMY) study. Both males and females with the RR vs XX genotype achieved higher mean VO2 peak scores (47.8 ± 1.5 vs …

Transcriptional Pathways Associated With Skeletal Muscle Changes After Spinal Cord Injury And Treadmill Locomotor Training., Celine Baligand, Yi-Wen Chen, Fan Ye, Sachchida Nand Pandey, San-Huei Lai, Min Liu, Krista Vandenborne

Genomics and Precision Medicine Faculty Publications

The genetic and molecular events associated with changes in muscle mass and function after SCI and after the implementation of candidate therapeutic approaches are still not completely known. The overall objective of this study was to identify key molecular pathways activated with muscle remodeling after SCI and locomotor training. We implemented treadmill training in a well-characterized rat model of moderate SCI and performed genome wide expression profiling on soleus muscles at multiple time points: 3, 8, and 14 days after SCI. We found that the activity of the protein ubiquitination and mitochondrial function related pathways was altered with SCI and …

Transcriptional Pathways Associated With Skeletal Muscle Changes After Spinal Cord Injury And Treadmill Locomotor Training., Celine Baligand, Yi-Wen Chen, Fan Ye, Sachchida Nand Pandey, San-Huei Lai, Min Liu, Krista Vandenborne

Genomics and Precision Medicine Faculty Publications

The genetic and molecular events associated with changes in muscle mass and function after SCI and after the implementation of candidate therapeutic approaches are still not completely known. The overall objective of this study was to identify key molecular pathways activated with muscle remodeling after SCI and locomotor training. We implemented treadmill training in a well-characterized rat model of moderate SCI and performed genome wide expression profiling on soleus muscles at multiple time points: 3, 8, and 14 days after SCI. We found that the activity of the protein ubiquitination and mitochondrial function related pathways was altered with SCI and …

Composition, Taxonomy And Functional Diversity Of The Oropharynx Microbiome In Individuals With Schizophrenia And Controls., Eduardo Castro-Nallar, Matthew L Bendall, Marcos Pérez-Losada, Sarven Sabuncyan, Emily G Severance, Faith B Dickerson, Jennifer R Schroeder, Robert H Yolken, Keith A Crandall

Computational Biology Institute

The role of the human microbiome in schizophrenia remains largely unexplored. The microbiome has been shown to alter brain development and modulate behavior and cognition in animals through gut-brain connections, and research in humans suggests that it may be a modulating factor in many disorders. This study reports findings from a shotgun metagenomic analysis of the oropharyngeal microbiome in 16 individuals with schizophrenia and 16 controls. High-level differences were evident at both the phylum and genus levels, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria dominating both schizophrenia patients and controls, and Ascomycota being more abundant in schizophrenia patients than controls. Controls …

Children, Sealants, And Guardians Who Smoke: Trends In Nhanes 2001-2002 To 2010-2012, R Constance Wiener

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objective: There are many factors influencing dental behavior. The relationship of smokers who smoked inside the home toward preventive care (measured as dental sealant placement) of the children living in their homes is examined in this study. Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys in 2001-2002 and in 2011-2012 were analyzed. Data included the variables of someone smoking inside the home, dental sealant placement in children ages 6-less than 20 years, and sociodemographic data. The data were obtained from a dental examination and a home interview. Results: There were 3,352 eligible participants in 2001-2002 and 2,374 in …

Relationship Of Edentulism, Sleep Disordered Breathing And Cardiovascular Disease: Nhanes, 2007-2008, R Constance Wiener

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Edentulism, though declining in younger adults, remains prevalent in the U.S. older adult population. Poorer health outcomes, including cardiovascular outcomes have been associated with edentulism. Sleep disorders are also common in older adults and have been associated with cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study is to determine if edentulism is associated with cardiovascular disease when sleep disorders are included in the analyses.

Methods

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2008 were used in this study. Adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed with cardiovascular disease as the dependent variable and dental status (edentulism, dentate) as the …

Serum Cotinine And Chronic Pain: Nhanes 2003-2004, R Constance Wiener

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Purpose—Tobacco smoke exposure continues to be the leading preventable risk factor for many diseases and has the potential to be a risk factor for chronic pain. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of chronic pain with smoking, secondhand smoke exposure and nonsmoking using serum cotinine (and self-report of living with someone who smokes in the home) to identify the tobacco exposure groups. Methods—The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004 was used for this study. Participants were queried about pain duration and had serum cotinine levels determined during the course of the NHANES examination/survey. Participants, …

A History Of Undergraduate Education For Public Health: From Behind The Scenes To Center Stage., Richard Kenneth Riegelman, Susan Albertine, Randy Wykoff

GW Biostatistics Center

No abstract provided.

Quality Control Measures Over 30 Years In A Multicenter Clinical Study: Results From The Diabetes Control And Complications Trial / Epidemiology Of Diabetes Interventions And Complications (Dcct/Edic) Study., Gayle M Lorenzi, Barbara H Braffett, Valerie L Arends, Ronald P Danis, Lisa Diminick, Kandace A Klumpp, Anthony D Morrison, Elsayed Z Soliman, Michael W Steffes, Patricia A Cleary

GW Biostatistics Center

No abstract provided.

Himmelfarb Library Annual Report 2015, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Sweet Tea: The British Working Class, Food Controls, And The First World War, Nicholas P. Benson

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

At the onset of the Great War in 1914, Britain was already existing in a precarious economic situation as the state most dependent on foreign goods and trade, a role which was exacerbated by their unique economic and political history which had resulted in the rapid expansion of industry without any interference or protections of the workers by the government. The working class comprised over 80% of the population of Britain, the vast majority of whom were suffering the destitution and poverty brought on by the unrestricted industrialization that had begun over a century earlier. The beginnings of the Great …