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2014

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Surface Modification Of Adenovirus Type 5 Vectors Via Two-Step Metabolic Labeling For Pet Imaging, Jai Inder Pal Dec 2014

Surface Modification Of Adenovirus Type 5 Vectors Via Two-Step Metabolic Labeling For Pet Imaging, Jai Inder Pal

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Surface modification of viruses is of great interest for therapeutic gene delivery. Numerous viruses have been, and continue to be engineered in an attempt to optimize them for targeted in vivo gene therapy. Adenovirus has been shown by a myriad of publications to be the most efficient delivery vehicle in different cell types. But while it is the preferred delivery agent in many gene therapy studies, drawbacks such as off-targeting, immune response and toxicity still hinder it from being used in clinical studies. In an attempt to modify the surface of Adenovirus efficiently, our lab developed a simple two-step labeling …

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Analysis Of The Oncogenic Cooperation Between Mutp53 And Her2 To Propose Mutp53 As A Biomarker For Her2-Positive Breast Cancer, Amanda Deanna Russo Dec 2014

Analysis Of The Oncogenic Cooperation Between Mutp53 And Her2 To Propose Mutp53 As A Biomarker For Her2-Positive Breast Cancer, Amanda Deanna Russo

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Breast cancer is the second deadliest cancer in the United States and is classified into four main subtypes including HER2-positive breast cancer. There have been a number of HER2-targeted therapeutic treatments that were discovered, but they are expensive and patients frequently exhibit a resistance for these treatments. To alleviate patients undergoing expensive therapy with the possibility of not benefitting from the treatment, it is important to understand the cooperation between HER2 and mutp53, a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in the majority of breast cancers. Analysis of scientific articles illustrate that HER2 and mutp53 cooperate to promote tumorigenesis via …

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Orbitofrontal Cortex And The Decision-Making Process, Youran Wu Dec 2014

Orbitofrontal Cortex And The Decision-Making Process, Youran Wu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is situated at the ventral floor of the prefrontal cortex region. OFC and some of its related structure (ventral striatum, ventral tegmental area, basolateral amygdala) are considered to be part of the valuation system that is essential to the decision-making process. In order to understand the exact role OFC plays in the decision-making process, we sought to find out how decision variables are represented in different OFC projections, and what will happen if OFC projections were disrupted. The first specific aim of this project is to find out whether projections to OFC related structures are originated from …

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The Identification Of Guanosine-5'-Triphosphate Binding Protein 2 (Gtpbp2) As A Potential Drug Target For Diseases Involving Excessive Wnt Signaling, Jonathan Manit Wyrick Dec 2014

The Identification Of Guanosine-5'-Triphosphate Binding Protein 2 (Gtpbp2) As A Potential Drug Target For Diseases Involving Excessive Wnt Signaling, Jonathan Manit Wyrick

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Canonical Wnt signaling is involved in the regulation of many cellular behaviors dependent upon context, including the induction of cell proliferation, promotion of cell survival, repression of apoptosis, and regulation of cell differentiation. Perturbations in the Wnt signaling pathway have been shown to be present in a various amount of human diseases, such as cancers of the colon and breast, leading to aberrant cellular activity. As such, recent studies have focused on the inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway in hopes of restoring normal cellular behaviors in diseases with excessive Wnt signaling activity. Our lab has discovered that the large …

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Alterations To The Unique Dna Binding Mode Mediated By Mterf1 Have Implications Of Pathogenesis In Mitochondrial Disease, James Byrnes Dec 2014

Alterations To The Unique Dna Binding Mode Mediated By Mterf1 Have Implications Of Pathogenesis In Mitochondrial Disease, James Byrnes

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Human mitochondria are found in all eukaryotic cells. They are dynamic double membrane organelles that can vary in shape, size and amount depending on cell types. In humans, mitochondria contain a 16.5 kb genome that encodes for 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs and 13 proteins that make up the mitochondrial contribution of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). This system produces the majority of energy used by the cell in the form of ATP and is critical for cell viability. In order for the OXPHOS system to produce ATP, it is dependent on the proper expression of the mitochondrial genome. Thus, errors …

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Redox Regulation Of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Oncogene-Induced Senescence, Ming Yang Dec 2014

Redox Regulation Of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Oncogene-Induced Senescence, Ming Yang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Oncogene expression in normal cells can cause an irreversible growth arrest called oncogene-induced senescence (OIS), which serves as a barrier to cancer initiation. Elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been detected in most senescent cells and are thought to play a causal role in OIS. ROS are believed to have a second messenger function in transducing signals, however their molecular role in senescence remains elusive. We hypothesize that PTPs, which are prone to redox regulation, act as specific target of ROS and the redox regulation of PTPs mediates the signaling transduction in oncogene-induced senescence. In our study, we utilized a …

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Investigation Into The Impacts Of Foreign Ruling Elites In Traditional State Societies: The Case Of The Kassite State In Babylonia (Iraq), Helen Malko Dec 2014

Investigation Into The Impacts Of Foreign Ruling Elites In Traditional State Societies: The Case Of The Kassite State In Babylonia (Iraq), Helen Malko

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This thesis focuses on the study of foreign ruling minorities in traditional state societies. It investigates how the Kassites, as a foreign ethnic group, were able to control and maintain political power over the Babylonian majority for four centuries. It examines Kassite-Babylonian cultural interaction both on state and domestic levels as reflected in the material cultural and historical records. This study uses two contrasting ethnohistorical models of foreign ruling elites of the Arabs in Spain and the Mamluks in Egypt to evaluate the mechanisms employed by the Kassites to maintain power and the nature of their interaction with the Babylonian …

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Analysis Of Principal Structural Orientation Of Trabecular Bone Using Quantitative Ultrasound, Liangjun Lin Dec 2014

Analysis Of Principal Structural Orientation Of Trabecular Bone Using Quantitative Ultrasound, Liangjun Lin

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) has been accepted widely as a non-invasive, economic, non-radioactive and portable modality for assessing bone heath status. This technology utilizes the basic physical mechanism of interaction between ultrasound wave and bone structure to provide mechanical and structural information of bone. Instead of only evaluating the quantity of bone like other traditional techniques such as duel energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), QUS is also capable of measuring the quality of bone such as anisotropy, microarchitecture and microfracture. This advantage of QUS is beneficial for treating the patient suffering from osteoporosis or other bone health deterioration, long term bed-rest patient …

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Low Intensity Vibrations Mitigate Cancer-Induced Bone Loss With Indications Of Reduced Tumor Progression, Gabriel M. Pagnotti Dec 2014

Low Intensity Vibrations Mitigate Cancer-Induced Bone Loss With Indications Of Reduced Tumor Progression, Gabriel M. Pagnotti

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Osteopenia is a comorbidity frequently observed in patients being treated for and recovering from cancer treatment, elevating their risk of fracture. These skeletal losses are compounded by chemotherapy and irradiation, damaging both bone and contents of the marrow, thereby undermining recovery efforts. Exercise is commonly prescribed as a non-pharmacological means of maintaining bone mass. However, in those with compromised bone strength, the loads imposed by rigorous exercises may facilitate a fracture it was intended to prevent. Low intensity vibrations (LIV), a mechanical signal demonstrated as anabolic to bone by biasing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards an osteogenic endpoint, may represent …

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Exploratory Steatite Source Characterization In The Long Island Sound Watershed, Mark Stephenson Tweedie Dec 2014

Exploratory Steatite Source Characterization In The Long Island Sound Watershed, Mark Stephenson Tweedie

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

For as long as humans have incorporated stone into their material culture, they have used cooperative strategies (i.e. | exchange networks) to mitigate the uneven distribution of available resources on the landscape. The procurement, transport, and selective distribution of lithic materials are thus uniquely human social institutions. One of the few ways to examine the limited evidence for this behavior in the archaeological record is through the geochemical characterization of artifacts and their potential source areas. Steatite vessels recovered on the outer coastal plain of Long Island, New York, are unique in that their acquisition required water-borne transportation from quarried …

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The Role Of Beta Activity In Blink Abnormalities In A Rat Model Of Parkinson's Disease, Jaime Kaminer Dec 2014

The Role Of Beta Activity In Blink Abnormalities In A Rat Model Of Parkinson's Disease, Jaime Kaminer

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that causes difficulty initiating voluntary movements among other symptoms. Electrophysiological work highlights the presence of exaggerated synchronized beta band (10-30 Hz) oscillations throughout the cortico-basal ganglia network in PD. Although a causal role of beta oscillations in PD symptoms has not been established, many hypothesize that beta activity is " antikinetic" and the source of Parkinsonian motor symptoms. This relationship remains unclear because the strength of beta oscillations changes dynamically with cues that initiate movement and because the voluntary motor symptoms of PD are often not present in animal models of PD. …

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Synthesis Of A Novel Bis-Thiol Receptor For Arsenic(Iii) Compounds, Karlee Archer Dec 2014

Synthesis Of A Novel Bis-Thiol Receptor For Arsenic(Iii) Compounds, Karlee Archer

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The effects of ingesting trivalent and pentavelent arsenic compounds range from developmental problems to death. They dissolve readily in water, and more of these compounds are finding their way into groundwater due to agricultural runoff, leeching from preserved wood and mining, among other sources. Development of an easily visualized molecule that binds selectively and strongly to arsenic compounds might allow ease of both the removal and detection of these contaminants from water. The program HostDesigner was used to design a receptor containing thiol groups that would favorably bind to an arsenic(III) compound. The precursor to this receptor is a a …

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Assembly, Structure And Properties Of Dna Programmable Nanoclusters, Cheng Chi Dec 2014

Assembly, Structure And Properties Of Dna Programmable Nanoclusters, Cheng Chi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Finite size nanoclusters can be viewed as a nanoscale analogue of molecules. Just as molecules, synthesized from atoms, give access to new properties, clusters composed of nanoparticles modulate of their functional properties of nanoparticles. In contrast to synthetic chemistry which is a mature field, the creation of nanoscale clusters with well-defined architectures is a new and challenging area of research. My work explores how to assemble model systems of nanoclusters using DNA-programmable interparticle linkages. The simplest clusters of two particles, dimers, allow one to investigate fundamental effects in these systems. Such clusters serve as a versatile platform to understand DNA-mediated …

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High Resolution, Frequency Comb-Referenced Measurements Of Spectral Line Shapes, Matthew James Cich Dec 2014

High Resolution, Frequency Comb-Referenced Measurements Of Spectral Line Shapes, Matthew James Cich

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Spectroscopic methods for retrieval of atmospheric data such as pressure, temperature, and concentration depend on the accurate characterization of spectral line shapes. As a model system, the P(11) line of the υ 1+υ 3 band of acetylene, near 1.5 µm, was explored in great detail using a high resolution spectrometer based on a frequency comb-referenced continuous wave laser. This spectrometer is capable of measurements with frequency accuracy better than 1 part in 1011. This allows for unprecedented accuracy in experimental data exploring the effects contributing to a spectral line shape. Direct absorption measurements on acetylene in a cell capable …

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Structural And Computational Study On The Interaction Of Bacterial Cell Division Protein, Ftsz, With Its Inhibitors For New Antibacterial Drug Discovery, Edwin Ottoniel Lazo Dec 2014

Structural And Computational Study On The Interaction Of Bacterial Cell Division Protein, Ftsz, With Its Inhibitors For New Antibacterial Drug Discovery, Edwin Ottoniel Lazo

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Filamenting temperature-sensitive mutant Z (FtsZ) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an essential bacterial cell division protein that polymerizes into a structure called the " Z-ring" . Here it has been targeted for drug discovery. Compounds that exhibit anti-tuberculosis activity have been synthesized and used in crystallization conditions. Four crystal structures of MtbFtsZ have been determined, of which two are similar to the published dimer (PDB 1RQ7) which exhibits lateral interactions; they belong to P65 space group and crystals diffracted to about 2.6Å. The other two structures had two trimers in the asymmetric unit. The crystals diffracted to approximately 3.5Å and …

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The Other Half Of The Protein Folding Equation Characterization Of The Protein Denatured State Ensemble (Dse): The Case Of C-Terminal Domain Of The Ribosomal Protein L9 (Ctl9), Bowu Luan Dec 2014

The Other Half Of The Protein Folding Equation Characterization Of The Protein Denatured State Ensemble (Dse): The Case Of C-Terminal Domain Of The Ribosomal Protein L9 (Ctl9), Bowu Luan

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Studies on the unfolded state of proteins are important for understanding the mechanism of protein folding. The protein unfolded state or protein denatured state ensemble (DSE) is the starting point for protein folding. It provides a thermodynamic reference state for protein stability, and it can be targeted by rational protein design. Studies of the properties of DSEs can also reveal the factors that impact protein misfolding and modulate the tendency for protein aggregation in vitro and in vivo, and amyloid formation. The 92-residue C-terminal domain of ribosomal protein L9 (CTL9) is used as a model to study protein DSEs. This …

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Structural And Electrochemical Studies Of High Voltage Na(Ni2/3sb1/3)O2 Cathodes For Secondary Na-Ion Batteries, Jeffrey Ma Dec 2014

Structural And Electrochemical Studies Of High Voltage Na(Ni2/3sb1/3)O2 Cathodes For Secondary Na-Ion Batteries, Jeffrey Ma

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Lithium ion batteries have been dominating the energy field in energy storage with its efficiency and performance unmatched. However, the over-exhaustion of the limited amounts of lithium has been causing rising prices. In order to alleviate the use of lithium batteries, scientists have turned some focus to other energy storage alternatives, like sodium batteries. Sodium is abundant, affordable, and environmentally friendly. Sodium batteries have gravimetric energy density comparable to lithium batteries, and are promising for large scale energy grid storage. In this work, Na(Ni2/3Sb1/3)O2 have been synthesized and identified as a sodium battery cathode candidate. An ordered and disordered phase …

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Structural And Optical Characterization Of Semiconductors For Solar Water Splitting, Andrew Charles Malingowski Dec 2014

Structural And Optical Characterization Of Semiconductors For Solar Water Splitting, Andrew Charles Malingowski

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Finding a clean and renewable source of energy that can compete commercially with fossil fuels is one of the great challenges facing the world today. Photoactive semiconductors that can be used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen gas by absorbing visible light are one means of harvesting the sun's abundant energy and storing it as chemical fuel. Although several photoactive semiconductor systems have demonstrated water splitting, one is yet to be found that has a high enough H2 production efficiency to be a commercially viable source of renewable energy. Water splitting using a photoactive semiconductor is a complex process …

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Synthesis Of Structurally Diverse Major Groove Dna Interstrand Crosslinks, Shivam Mukherjee Dec 2014

Synthesis Of Structurally Diverse Major Groove Dna Interstrand Crosslinks, Shivam Mukherjee

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

DNA Interstrand Cross-links (ICLs) are extremely cytotoxic lesions caused by a variety of endogenous and exogenous agents. ICLs prevent the separation of two DNA strands and hence block essential cellular functions such as DNA transcription and replication. ICL causing agents are widely used in cancer chemotherapy and the removal of ICLs is associated with the resistance to anticancer agents. Despite the clinical importance of ICLs, the details of the pathways by which these lesions are repaired remain poorly understood. This dissertation focuses on the synthesis of structurally diverse major groove DNA ICLs that induce different degrees of distortion into the …

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The Influence Of Biogenic Opal On 231pa/230th In Sediments From The Bermuda Rise And Its Implication For Paleocirculation Reconstructions, Theresa Marie King Dec 2014

The Influence Of Biogenic Opal On 231pa/230th In Sediments From The Bermuda Rise And Its Implication For Paleocirculation Reconstructions, Theresa Marie King

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Thermohaline circulation is responsible for the global transport of heat in surface waters of the ocean, and variability in this circulation has been linked to both short- and long-term climate change on time scales ranging from centuries to tens of thousands of years. Accurate reconstructions of past variability are thus critical to understanding modern and future thermohaline circulation changes and the response of the global climate system. The main circulation feature in the Atlantic is Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), and has been reconstructed using a variety of static proxies, but more recently through the use of sedimentary 231Paxs …

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The Effect Of Patch Dynamics And Nutrient Availability On The Production Of Zostera Marina Seeds Within Shinnecock Bay, Ny, Lisa Jackson Dec 2014

The Effect Of Patch Dynamics And Nutrient Availability On The Production Of Zostera Marina Seeds Within Shinnecock Bay, Ny, Lisa Jackson

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Exposing Zostera marina to fertilized porewater has been shown to increase vegetative shoot density and leaf growth rates, as well as affect morphological shoot characteristics including increasing leaf length, leaf area and the number of leaves per shoot. However, aside from changes in shoot density, records of morphological changes in reproductive shoots subjected to increased nutrient availability are lacking. To address this, five replicate ambient and nutrient enriched patches, each between 0.5 and 2.0 m2, were selected within a developing Z. marina meadow in Shinnecock Bay, NY. Fertilizer stakes, with a N:P:K of 15:3:3, were used to amend enriched patches …

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Does The Seasonal Acidification Of Spawning Habitat Influence Offspring Co2 Reaction Norms Through Transgenerational Plasticity In The Coastal Fish Species, Menidia Menidia?, Christopher S. Murray Dec 2014

Does The Seasonal Acidification Of Spawning Habitat Influence Offspring Co2 Reaction Norms Through Transgenerational Plasticity In The Coastal Fish Species, Menidia Menidia?, Christopher S. Murray

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Experimental assessments of species vulnerabilities to ocean acidification are rapidly expanding, yet the potential for short- and long-term adaptation to high CO2 by contemporary marine organisms remains poorly understood. We used a novel experimental approach that combined bi-weekly sampling of a wild, spawning fish population (Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia) with standardized offspring CO2 exposure experiments and parallel pH monitoring of a coastal ecosystem. We assessed whether offspring produced at different times of the spawning season (April-July) would be similarly susceptible to elevated (~1,100 uatm, pHNBS = 7.77) and high CO2 levels (~2,300 uatm, pHNBS = 7.47). Early in the season …

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Oceanic And Atmospheric Influences On The Interannual Variability Of The Madagascar Phytoplankton Bloom, Lindsay Roupe Dec 2014

Oceanic And Atmospheric Influences On The Interannual Variability Of The Madagascar Phytoplankton Bloom, Lindsay Roupe

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Approximately every other year during the austral summer a larger phytoplankton bloom propagates off of the southeast tip of Madagascar. The cause of the interannual variability of this distinct oceanic feature remains unclear, so here we improve the analysis of the interannual variability of the bloom with a longer ocean color dataset, re-examine the existing mixed layer depth and iron fertilization hypotheses formerly used to explain bloom formation and analyze the variability in the larger ocean-atmosphere system in the region in relation to bloom formation. To resolve the forcings on the bloom, relevant satellite and reanalysis data were examined using …

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Molecular Characterization Of Quahog Parasite Unknown (Qpx), A Thraustochytird Pathogen Of The Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria, Ewelina Rubin Dec 2014

Molecular Characterization Of Quahog Parasite Unknown (Qpx), A Thraustochytird Pathogen Of The Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria, Ewelina Rubin

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The hard clam or northern quahog, Mercenaria mercenaria, is one of the most valuable seafood products in the United States. Severe episodes of hard clam mortality have been consistently associated with infections caused by a thraustochytrid parasite called Quahog Parasite Unknown (QPX). Studies in the present dissertation examined the molecular bases of QPX virulence towards clams. Investigation of QPX transcriptome libraries generated a database of QPX putative virulence factors and other molecules potentially involved in interactions with the clam host. Multiple differential gene expression profiles were generated using oligoarray technology for QPX strains isolated from different geographic locations and for …

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Evaluation Of Wrf Planetary Boundary Layer Schemes Over The Coastal Waters Of Southern New England, Matthew Joseph Sienkiewicz Dec 2014

Evaluation Of Wrf Planetary Boundary Layer Schemes Over The Coastal Waters Of Southern New England, Matthew Joseph Sienkiewicz

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Winds, temperatures and moisture in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) are often difficult for operational models to predict given the relatively sparse observations and that most model PBL parameterizations were developed over inland locations. Coastal marine layer forecasts are important for the forecasting of severe storms and wind energy resources in the highly populated coastal marine environment of the Northeast U.S. (NEUS). Mesoscale models are known to have large biases in wind speeds and temperatures at these lower levels over coastal waters. The goal of this project is to evaluate the performance of six PBL schemes in the Weather Research …

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Microplastics In Long Island Marine Estuaries, Jessica Steve Dec 2014

Microplastics In Long Island Marine Estuaries, Jessica Steve

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This study investigated the prevalence of microplastics in Shinnecock Bay and Jamaica Bay on Long Island in New York. Surface water samples were collected with a 200 μ m plankton tow net, filtered onto metal mesh screens, and examined under a dissecting microscope. A total of 517 microplastic particles were found in samples from Shinnecock Bay (0-0.58 particles m-3), and 1,005 particles were found in Jamaica Bay samples (0-3.93 particles m-3). Particles were visually sorted by size, color, and shape. Statistical analyses were performed to analyze microplastic particle diversity, evenness, and any spatial or temporal variation. Attempts to determine source …

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Achieving Regulatory Compliance In Data Management, Sumeet Vijay Bajaj Dec 2014

Achieving Regulatory Compliance In Data Management, Sumeet Vijay Bajaj

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Regulations mandate consistent procedures for information access, processing, and storage. In the United States alone, over 10,000 data management regulations exist in the financial, life sciences, health care and government sectors. A recurrent theme in data management regulations is the need for regulatory compliant storage to ensure data confidentiality, data integrity, audit trails maintenance, data retention, and guaranteed deletion. This thesis describes the design and implementation of several regulatory compliant relational databases and file systems. The systems increase efficiency and lower costs of regulatory compliance through the use of novel cryptographic and system security constructs. The first system described in …

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Website Fingerprinting Attacks And Defenses On Anonymity Networks, Xiang Cai Dec 2014

Website Fingerprinting Attacks And Defenses On Anonymity Networks, Xiang Cai

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Website fingerprinting attacks enable an adversary to infer which website a victim is visiting, even if the victim uses an encrypting proxy, such as Tor. As a result, researchers have proposed several defenses, most of which focus mainly on hiding packet size information. For example, Tor packs all data into 512-byte cells. Other packet padding schemes include padding to 2^k bytes, or padding all packets to MTU. In 2009, Wright, et al. | proposed traffic morphing, which alters the size of the packets transmitted so that the packet size distribution appears to be from a different web page. Recently researchers …

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Exploring The Erp And Facial Response To Cocaine And Emotional Cues, Hojin Choi Dec 2014

Exploring The Erp And Facial Response To Cocaine And Emotional Cues, Hojin Choi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

With the advancement of affective computing technologies, spontaneous and complex emotions that were difficult or even impossible to recognize in the past are rapidly becoming the focus of many research. One intriguing example of these non-basic emotions is drug craving, a sophisticated concept which neuroscientists have studied for a long time. Nevertheless, it is not yet known whether craving is accompanied by a characteristic expressive behavior when it occurs, and only little work has been done on exploring the relationship between craving and facial expressions. In this thesis, we assume that drug-related stimuli can induce craving-related emotional states in drug …

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A Scalable Physics-Based Data Modeling Framework To Unsupervised High-Dimensional Data Mining, Hao Huang Dec 2014

A Scalable Physics-Based Data Modeling Framework To Unsupervised High-Dimensional Data Mining, Hao Huang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Today's modeling and analysis of high-dimensional data is either based on human expertise to hand-craft a set of task-specific data, which suffers significantly from the ever-increasing complexity and the unknown patterns of the new data; or is based on simple data-driven approaches which tend to lose the fundamentally physical insights of real world datasets. Therefore, it is very difficult with today's modeling practice to efficiently, effectively, and unsupervisedly detect reliable patterns and information in high-dimensional data. In this dissertation, we developed a scalable data modeling framework that utilizes modern theoretical physics for unsupervised high-dimensional data analysis and mining. Not only …

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