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2014

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Existence Of Undominated Subgame Perfect Equilibrium In Extensive Form Games, Ceren Yilmaz Dec 2014

Existence Of Undominated Subgame Perfect Equilibrium In Extensive Form Games, Ceren Yilmaz

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

There are games for which all subgame perfect equilibria are such that some (or all) players use weakly dominated strategies. Surely this is undesirable as it diminishes the credibility of equilibria. It is implausible to expect a player to play a weakly dominated strategy just because it is an 'equilibrium strategy'. We focus on the class of finite extensive form games with complete and perfect information and show that in this class of games there exists an undominated subgame perfect equilibrium; a subgame perfect equilibrium in which no player uses a weakly dominated strategy. The results also provide insight as …

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The Impact Of The Responsiveness Of Monetary Policy On The Housing Market, Lin Zhang Dec 2014

The Impact Of The Responsiveness Of Monetary Policy On The Housing Market, Lin Zhang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Taylor (2007) claims that a not too responsive monetary policy was responsible for the housing boom between 2001 and 2005 and the subsequent financial crisis because it results in the low interest rate during 2002-2004. Using a reduced form model, he shows that the economic situation would have been improved if a more responsive monetary policy had been implemented. In this paper, we set up a two-sector New Keynesian DSGE model, estimated using Bayesian techniques, to evaluate Taylor's hypotheses. First, we did identify a less responsive monetary policy after 2000. Our results partially support Taylor's hypothesis, that a more responsive …

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A Reconsideration Of Labor Supply Of Immigrants And Social Welfare Programs, Yi Zhang Dec 2014

A Reconsideration Of Labor Supply Of Immigrants And Social Welfare Programs, Yi Zhang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation contributes to the discussion of the labor market performance of immigrants and their economic assimilation in terms of welfare program participation. The composition of immigrant labor force in U.S. has been fluctuating dramatically. In 1980, for example, the immigrant share of persons aged 50--74 was 8.9% but in 2000, more than 14.5% of this older population group were from foreign countries. Then in 2010, this proportion dropped to around 13.2%. Part of this variation is due to the aging of previous immigrants residing in U.S. but many recent inflows also include a surprisingly high proportion of people in …

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Multi Agent Systems For Cooperative Tracking, Jonathan Patrick Beaudeau Dec 2014

Multi Agent Systems For Cooperative Tracking, Jonathan Patrick Beaudeau

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation is a culmination of research in several parallel, yet related avenues dealing with statistical estimation in the context of dynamic state tracking. The main contribution of the thesis is to provide a novel scalable framework for tracking of a high-dimensional target state using a distributed and cooperative network of agents. This framework is incorporated into a specific application consisting of a multiple target tracking (MTT) environment, with each agent employing a number of mobile received-signal-strength (RSS) sensors capable of collecting measurements revealing localized information regarding the target state environment. The dimensionality of this problem, which is the dominating …

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On The Design Of High Performance Data Center Networks, Zhiyang Guo Dec 2014

On The Design Of High Performance Data Center Networks, Zhiyang Guo

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Massive modern data centers consisting of tens of thousands of servers have emerged to form the backbone of a variety of powerful distributed computing frameworks, in which efficient communication is often required among huge data sets stored in tens of thousands of servers across a data center. This renders the performance of the data center network (DCN) essential to the successful operation of a data center. This dissertation focuses on several important issues in the design space of high performance data center networks. First, we present a systematic study on optical packet switch, which is a key component in next …

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Design Of Low-Power, Low-Noise Readout Circuits For Sensory Microsystems, Yingkan Lin Dec 2014

Design Of Low-Power, Low-Noise Readout Circuits For Sensory Microsystems, Yingkan Lin

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

A wide range of new applications, especially in the areas of health and environmental monitoring, have become possible due to advances in the sensor technologies over the last decade. To translate those advances in the sensor technologies into sensory microsystems amenable to these applications, novel techniques and design methodologies have to be developed at the sensory interface to address more stringent system constraints and the imperfections in these sensor technologies. We propose and demonstrate the design methodologies and implementations of the sensory microsystems for two novel sensor technologies, selective metaloxide gas sensor and semiconductor scintillator. The gas sensing system with …

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Parallel And Flexible Hardware Implementation Of Fletcher Checksum, Maria Isabel Mera Collantes Dec 2014

Parallel And Flexible Hardware Implementation Of Fletcher Checksum, Maria Isabel Mera Collantes

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Checksums are utilized in many contexts such as communications, storage and reliable processing. The balance between checksum strength, implementation cost and obtained throughput often pose a challenge for present day system designers. In this research we propose two new methods for implementing the Fletcher Checksum (FC) in a parallelized context. We determined an extended parallel definition from the original FC and applied it to two different hardware implementation approaches. We then created a generator that would automatically output parameterized designs. We controlled the input word length, number of parallel inputs and architecture of the designs, and we then synthesized these …

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Image Reconstruction Theory And Implementation For Low-Dose X-Ray Computed Tomography, Yan Liu Dec 2014

Image Reconstruction Theory And Implementation For Low-Dose X-Ray Computed Tomography, Yan Liu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The excessive X-ray radiation exposure during clinical examinations has been reported to be linked to increase lifetime risk of cancers in patients. Directly lower computed tomography (CT) dose without improving reconstruction technique will degrade the image quality and is not acceptable. The objective of this dissertation is investigating novel reconstruction methods to improve image quality in low-dose cases. In practice, it is usually more convenient to improve the conventional analytical methods by refining projection model and designing new filters due to the fast computing time and low computational complexity. However, the reconstructions from analytical methods are still sensitive to artifacts …

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Reconfigurable Architecture For Mixed Processing Elements With Buffer Based Representation, Sumit Suresh Tiwari Dec 2014

Reconfigurable Architecture For Mixed Processing Elements With Buffer Based Representation, Sumit Suresh Tiwari

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Modern reconfigurable logic devices are often multi-core and multi-processor architectures with complex intra-processor logic. To fully utilize the raw power of these devices is an arduous task; mapping design data-flows to such devices in a way that will maximize their performance involves careful consideration of a number of parameters, and is the subject of a good amount of research. This thesis presents a novel design, which uses the technique of buffer-based dataflow, a representation technique for realizing data-centric applications in reconfigurable platforms, to map complex logic systems with multiple processing elements to a reconfigurable target architecture having multi-core processors or …

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Signature Search And Computing Cost Optimization In Distributed Load Networks, Zhongwen Ying Dec 2014

Signature Search And Computing Cost Optimization In Distributed Load Networks, Zhongwen Ying

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

A signature is a data pattern of interest in a large data file or set of large data files. Such signatures that need to be found arise in applications such as DNA sequence analysis, network intrusion detection, biometrics, large scientific experiments, speech recognition and sensor networks. Related to this is string matching. More specifically we envision a problem where long linear data files (i.e flat files) contain multiple signatures that are to be found using a multiplicity of processors (parallel processor). This paper evaluates the performance of finding signatures in files residing in the nodes of parallel processors configured as …

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A Novel Analysis Method For Parallel Processing, Zhemin Zhang Dec 2014

A Novel Analysis Method For Parallel Processing, Zhemin Zhang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Though the divisible load scheduling problem has been studied for over two decades, the optimal solution for this problem can be obtained only in a few network topologies by the approach proposed in [6], which recursively equates multiple processing nodes in the network to a super processing node. The limitation of this equivalent approach lies in the fact that a node is required to finishing receiving load from its neighboring nodes simultaneously under this approach, such that linear equations can be established for all nodes in the network. However, the requirement is satisfied in very few network topologies. In this …

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Modeling Intra-Day Markets With An Application Of Risk Management And Optimal Order Execution, Yikang Chai Dec 2014

Modeling Intra-Day Markets With An Application Of Risk Management And Optimal Order Execution, Yikang Chai

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Financial time series data exhibits heavy tailed, volatility clustering and long range dependence style facts. Traditional Gaussian distribution assumption based model failed to explain these phenomena. A unified framework model proposed in this thesis, fractionally integrated autoregressive moving average (FARIMA) and fractionally integrated generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (FIGARCH) with multivariate generalized hyperbolic distribution (MGHD), trying to capture all these phenomena together. We also examined this model by using intra-day market dataset to backtest of various risk measure. With rise of high frequency trading and algorithm trading in recent years, trading volume hugely increased and markets became more volatile. Order execution …

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Polyaniline/Cellulose Acetate Composite And Its Ammonium Ion Sensing Applications, Lei Li Dec 2014

Polyaniline/Cellulose Acetate Composite And Its Ammonium Ion Sensing Applications, Lei Li

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Conducting polymers have been investigated for years, since their discovery in 1977. Among them, polyaniline exhibits high electrical conductivity, leading to versatile applications, such as sensors, actuators, and catalysts. In this thesis, emeraldine salt polyaniline (ES-PANI) and cellulose acetate (CA) have been employed to produce composite fiber and films by three different methods: electrospinning, drop coating, and spin coating. The morphology and size of produced composites were studied by SEM. The results showed that the diameter of electrospun composite fiber decreases to nanosize, generating a nanofiber matrix that immobilize polyaniline particles. Sensing experiments were carried out at room temperature. Three …

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Synchrotron White Beam X-Ray Topography Study Of Efg Sapphire Ribbons, Zheyu Li Dec 2014

Synchrotron White Beam X-Ray Topography Study Of Efg Sapphire Ribbons, Zheyu Li

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Sapphire (α -Al2O3 ) is well-known as an important technological material primarily for the application as substrates for GaN based LEDs ( Light emitting diodes ). Additionally, sapphire is also characterized by properties such as high transparency, excellent scratch- resistance, chemical stability, high mechanical strength, good thermal conductivity and electric insulation. These make it attractive for wide use as optical windows, bearings, armor protections etc. The structure of sapphire is rhombohedral (a = b = c = 5.13 Å, α =β =γ =55.1°). But it can also be considered as pseudo-hexagonal (a = b = 4.759213Å, c = 12.9915867Å, α …

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Processing And Characterization Of Ε -Wo3 Processed By Flame Spray Pyrolysis, Wen Ling Liao Dec 2014

Processing And Characterization Of Ε -Wo3 Processed By Flame Spray Pyrolysis, Wen Ling Liao

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Acetone is one of the biomarkers in our breath that may be used to control metabolic disorders, such as diabetes. Sensors that monitor acetone in breath with high specificity and high sensitivity are needed for this purpose. It has been found previously by our research group that nanostructure epsilon-phase WO3 -based sensors are highly selective to acetone compared to other volatile organic compounds found in breath. Since doping in metal oxides usually present stability issues in the long-term operation of a gas sensor, pure epsilon-WO3 is being explored as the sensing element of choice for develop a non-invasive method to …

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Modeling Of Parachute Dynamics With Gpu Enhanced Continuum Fabric Model And Front Tracking Method, Qiangqiang Shi Dec 2014

Modeling Of Parachute Dynamics With Gpu Enhanced Continuum Fabric Model And Front Tracking Method, Qiangqiang Shi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

An advanced mesoscale spring-mass model is used to mimic fabric surface motion. The fabric surface is represented by a high-quality triangular surface mesh. Both the tensile stiffness and the angular stiffness of each spring are determined by the material's Young's modulus and Poisson ratio, as well as the geometrical characteristics of the surface mesh. The spring-mass system is a nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) system solved by fourth order Runge-Kutta method. The model is shown to be numerically convergent under the constraint that the summation of points masses is constant. Through coupling with an incompressible fluid solver and the front …

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Bio-Inspired Photon Absorption And Energy Transfer For Next Generation Photovoltaic Devices, Komal Magsi Dec 2014

Bio-Inspired Photon Absorption And Energy Transfer For Next Generation Photovoltaic Devices, Komal Magsi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Nature's solar energy harvesting system, photosynthesis, serves as a model for photon absorption, spectra broadening, and energy transfer. Photosynthesis harvests light far differently than photovoltaic cells. These differences offer both engineering opportunity and scientific challenges since not all of the natural photon absorption mechanisms have been understood. In return, solar cells can be a very sensitive probe for the absorption characteristics of molecules capable of transferring charge to a conductive interface. The objective of this scientific work is the advancement of next generation photovoltaics through the development and application of natural photo-energy transfer processes. Two scientific methods were used in …

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Catalytic Upgrading Of Pyrolysis Oil To Transportation Fuels, Wei Nan Dec 2014

Catalytic Upgrading Of Pyrolysis Oil To Transportation Fuels, Wei Nan

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Increasing fossil fuel prices and the demand for clean energy have accelerated research on renewable energy sources. Pyrolysis oil (also known as bio-oil) which can be derived from lignocellulosic biomass by a fast pyrolysis process has the potential to substitute for petroleum-derived transportation fuels. However, pyrolysis oil has lower energy density (15-19 MJ/kg), compared with petroleum (40 MJ/kg) due to the high oxygen content (30-60 wt %). Furthermore, pyrolysis oil is thermally unstable that tends to age and results in phase separation at room temperature. Therefore, upgrading of pyrolysis oil is necessary before it can be used as a transportation …

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The Use Of Biomaterials For Cell Function Enhancement: Acceleration Of Fibroblast Migration And Promotion Of Stem Cell Proliferation, Sisi Qin Dec 2014

The Use Of Biomaterials For Cell Function Enhancement: Acceleration Of Fibroblast Migration And Promotion Of Stem Cell Proliferation, Sisi Qin

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Wound healing and tissue regeneration proceed via fibroblast migration along three dimensional scaffolds composed of fibers with different diameters, spacing, and junction angles. In order to understand how each of these factors influences fibroblast migration, a technique for preparation of three dimensional fibrillar scaffolds was developed where the fiber diameters and the angles between adjacent fiber layers could be precisely controlled. In order to study the en-mass migration process, the agarose droplet method was chosen since it enabled accurate determinations of the dependence of the migration speed, focal adhesion distribution, and nuclear deformation on the fiber structures. Results showed that …

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Investigation Of The Biochemical Mechanism For Cell-Substrate Mechanical Sensing, Vincent Anthony Ricotta Dec 2014

Investigation Of The Biochemical Mechanism For Cell-Substrate Mechanical Sensing, Vincent Anthony Ricotta

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Advancements in stem cell biology and materials science have enabled the development of new treatments for tissue repair. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which are highly proliferative and can be induced to differentiate along several mesenchymal cell lineages, offer the possibility for pulpal regeneration and treatment of injured dentition. Polybutadiene (PB) may be used as a substrate for these cells. This elastomer can be spun casted into films of different thicknesses with different moduli. DPSCs grown on PB films, which are relatively hard (less than 1500 Å thick), biomineralize depositing crystalline calcium phosphate without a requirement for the typical induction …

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Studies Of Growth Mechanism And Defect Origins In 4h-Silicon Carbide Substrates And Homoepitaxial Layers, Huanhuan Wang Dec 2014

Studies Of Growth Mechanism And Defect Origins In 4h-Silicon Carbide Substrates And Homoepitaxial Layers, Huanhuan Wang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

4H-Silicon Carbide (SiC) has been touted for widespread use in high power semiconductor devices due to its higher thermal conductivity, breakdown voltage and saturated electron drift velocity compared to the current material of choice, silicon. However, the detrimental effects of defects inside these crystals requires concerted effort on the part of crystal growth scientists to gain understanding of their formation mechanisms and behavior in order to develop strategies to eliminate them or minimize their densities. The goals of this study are to: (i) understand the growth mechanisms of the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVT) technique used for 4H-SiC substrate growth and …

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Fabrication And Characterization Of Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Cu2+ Nanofibers, Zhuolin Xia Dec 2014

Fabrication And Characterization Of Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Cu2+ Nanofibers, Zhuolin Xia

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Polymer/transition metal salt composite nanofibers have gained considerable attention in recent years. Doping of transition metal salt into the polymer matrix allows the fabrication of nanofibers with special functions. This goal of this study is to develop PVP/Cu2+ composite nanofibers for potential optical application. In this study, polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)/Cu2+ nanofibers with diameter of 200-900 nm were fabricated by electrospinning. Coper(II) nitrate trihydrate was added to PVP electrospinning solution. The electrospun nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), energy dispersive microscopy(EDS), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-vis). The results indicate that Cu2+ was successfully doped into PVP system and the electrospun PVP/ Cu2+ nanofibers show …

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Defect Characterization In 4h Silicon Carbide Bulk Crystals And Epilayers, Fangzhen Wu Dec 2014

Defect Characterization In 4h Silicon Carbide Bulk Crystals And Epilayers, Fangzhen Wu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

4H silicon carbide (4H-SiC) has been accepted as an optimal semiconductor that can substitute for silicon for fabricating advanced power devices for high temperature, high power, and high frequency applications, owing to its outstanding properties such as wide bandgap, high breakdown electric field, high saturation drift velocity and high thermal conductivity. Developments in advanced growth techniques for both 4H-SiC bulk crystals and epilayers have led to an era of large wafer sizes and relatively low defect densities, and these achievements are partly attributed to extensive and careful studies of different kinds of defects in this material. In turn, high crystal …

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High Throughput Electrospinning Of High-Quality Nanofibers Via An Aluminum Disk Spinneret, Guokuo Zheng Dec 2014

High Throughput Electrospinning Of High-Quality Nanofibers Via An Aluminum Disk Spinneret, Guokuo Zheng

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In this work, a simple and efficient needleless high throughput electrospinning process using an aluminum disk spinneret with 24 holes is described. Electrospun mats produced by this setup consisted of fine fibers (nano-sized) of the highest quality while the productivity (yield) was many times that obtained from conventional single-needle electrospinning. The goal was to produce scaled-up amounts of the same or better quality nanofibers under variable concentration, voltage, and the working distance than those produced with the single needle lab setting. The fiber mats produced were either polymer or ceramic (such as molybdenum trioxide nanofibers). Through experimentation the optimum process …

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Space Of Kã¤Hler Potentials On Singular And Non-Compact Manifolds | Space Of Kähler Potentials On Singular And Non-Compact Manifolds, Seyed Ali Aleyasin Dec 2014

Space Of Kã¤Hler Potentials On Singular And Non-Compact Manifolds | Space Of Kähler Potentials On Singular And Non-Compact Manifolds, Seyed Ali Aleyasin

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Let H be the space of Kähler metrics in a fixed cohomology class. This space may be endowed with a Weil-Petersson-type metric, referred to as the Mabuchi metric, which allows one to study the geometry of H. It is now well-known that the geometry of the space of Kähler potentials, in particular, the geodesics in H, may be used for studying `canonical metrics' on the base manifold. In order to be interpreted as the potential of a Kähler metric, however, one needs to prove certain regularity for such solutions. In the first part, I shall discuss deriving of weighted estimates …

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Affine Stratifications And Equivariant Vector Bundles On The Moduli Of Principally Polarized Abelian Varieties, Anant Atyam Dec 2014

Affine Stratifications And Equivariant Vector Bundles On The Moduli Of Principally Polarized Abelian Varieties, Anant Atyam

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

We explicitly construct a locally closed affine stratification of the coarse moduli space of principally polarized abelian four folds A4 over the complex numbers and using the work of Roth and Vakil, produce an upper bound for the coherent cohomological dimension and the constructible cohomological dimension of A4. Based on the work of Oort and Van Der Geer, we make a conjecture on the cohomological dimension of the moduli stack Ag for all g. In the second part of the thesis we study the ring of equivariant vector bundles on Ag and study the chern character map from this ring …

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Applications Of The Seiberg-Witten Equations To The Differential Geometry Of Non-Compact Kahler Manifolds, Ilya Elson Dec 2014

Applications Of The Seiberg-Witten Equations To The Differential Geometry Of Non-Compact Kahler Manifolds, Ilya Elson

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Soon after the introduction of the Seiberg-Witten equations, and their magnificent application to the differential topology of 4-manifolds, LeBrun [LeB95] used these equations to study differential geometry and prove a rigidity theorem for compact complex hyperbolic manifolds. Biquard [Biq97] extended these results to non-compact, finite volume complex hyperbolic manifolds, and Rollin [Rol04] extended these techniques to CH2. Finally, Di Cerbo[DC12b, DC11] applied Biquard's techniques to the product of two negatively curved Riemann surfaces. The main tool that allows one to use the Seiberg-Witten equations to study differential geometry is an integral scalar curvature estimate The principle difficulty in …

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On The Moduli Space Of Quintic Surfaces, Patricio Gallardo Dec 2014

On The Moduli Space Of Quintic Surfaces, Patricio Gallardo

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

We describe the GIT compactification for the moduli space of smooth quintic surfaces in projective space. This GIT quotient is used along with the stable replacement for studying the geometry of another special compactification which was developed by Kollár, Shepherd-Barron and Alexeev. In particular, we discuss the interplay between GIT stable quintic surfaces with minimal elliptic singularities and boundary divisors in the KSBA space. | We describe the GIT compactification for the moduli space of smooth quintic surfaces in projective space. This GIT quotient is used along with the stable replacement for studying the geometry of another special compactification which …

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Holomorphic Twistor Spaces And Bihermitian Geometry, Steven Michael Gindi Dec 2014

Holomorphic Twistor Spaces And Bihermitian Geometry, Steven Michael Gindi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Ever since the 1970's, holomorphic twistor spaces have been used to study the geometry and analysis of their base manifolds. In this dissertation, I will introduce integrable complex structures on twistor spaces fibered over complex manifolds that are equipped with certain geometrical data. The importance of these spaces will be shown to lie, for instance, in their applications to bihermitian geometry, also known as generalized Kahler geometry. (This is part of the generalized geometry program initiated by Nigel Hitchin.) By analyzing their twistor spaces, I will develop a new approach to studying bihermitian manifolds. In fact, I will demonstrate that …

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Almost-Kahler Anti-Self-Dual Metrics, Inyoung Kim Dec 2014

Almost-Kahler Anti-Self-Dual Metrics, Inyoung Kim

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

We show the existence of strictly almost-Kahler anti-self-dual metrics on certain 4-manifolds by deforming a scalar-flat Kahler metric. On the other hand, we prove the non-existence of such metrics on certain other 4-manifolds by means of Seiberg-Witten theory. In the process, we provide a simple new proof of the fact that any almost-Kahler anti-self-dual 4-manifold must have a non-trivial Seiberg-Witten invariant. | 69 pages

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