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The Alestle - Vol. 66 No. 39 - 07/09/2014, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville

The Alestle

Vol. 66 No. 39

Increasing Maternal Or Post-Weaning Folic Acid Alters Gene Expression And Moderately Changes Behavior In The Offspring, Subit Barua, Kathryn K. Chadman, Salomon Kuizon, Diego Buenaventura, Nathan W. Stapley, Felicia Ruocco, Umme Begum, Sara R. Guariglia, W. Ted Brown, Mohamad Junaid

Publications and Research

Background: Studies have indicated that altered maternal micronutrients and vitamins influence the development of newborns and altered nutrient exposure throughout the lifetime may have potential health effects and increased susceptibility to chronic diseases. In recent years, folic acid (FA) exposure has significantly increased as a result of mandatory FA fortification and supplementation during pregnancy. Since FA modulates DNA methylation and affects gene expression, we investigated whether the amount of FA ingested during gestation alters gene expression in the newborn cerebral hemisphere, and if the increased exposure to FA during gestation and throughout the lifetime alters behavior in C57BL/6J mice.

Methods …

Weekly And Holiday-Related Patterns Of Panic Attacks In Panic Disorder: A Population-Based Study, Li-Ting Kao, Sudha Xirasagar, Kuo-Hsuan Chung, Herng-Ching Lin, Shih-Ping Liu, Shiu-Dong Chung

Faculty Publications

Background: While chronobiological studies have reported seasonal variation in panic attacks (PA) episodes, information on the timing of PA by week-days may enable better understanding of the triggers of PA episodes and thereby provide pointers for suitable interventional approaches to minimize PA attacks. This study investigated weekly variation in potential PA admissions including associations with holidays using a population-based longitudinal, administrative claims-based dataset in an Asian population.

Methods: This study used ambulatory care data from the ‘‘Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. We identified 993 patients with panic disorder (PD), and they had 4228 emergency room (ER) admissions for potential PA …

High School Students' Perceptions Of The Non-Medical Use Of Adhd Prescription Stimulant Medications, Kyla Lucey

Theses and Dissertations

A review of existing literature has documented a rise in the misuse of stimulant medications by those with a prescription for ADHD, as well as, the nonmedical or illicit use of stimulant medications by those without a prescription or a diagnosis of ADHD. This phenomenon has been particularly present on college campuses. The purpose of this study was to examine prevalence of misuse and nonmedical use of ADHD prescription stimulant medications in high school students, as well as, the attitudes and perceptions of high school students about the misuse and nonmedical use of ADHD prescription stimulant medication. Specifically, this study …

Learning To Practice: A Case Study Of The Experiences Of Public Health Registered Dietitians In Professional Lifelong Learning, Carol Lee Shelly Wallace

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to understand the experience and perspectives of registered dietitians (RDs) practicing as public health nutrition professionals, in meeting their continuing professional education (CPE) and professional learning needs in their workplace, and the relationship to adult learning theories. Adult learning theories and strategies reviewed include andragogy, self-directed learning, transformational learning, experiential learning, informal and incidental learning, and critical reflective practice. Data was collected during a nine-month period from RDs within a county public health nutrition department. Data collection methods included observation, document elicitation using the participant's professional development portfolio, semi-structured interviews, and artifact …

The Driver Speaks To The Vehicle & It Shouts Back, Cal Lafountain

The Laureate

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Multiple Frequency Versus Single Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Techniques For The Assessment Of Body Composition, Amy Lindenmoyer

Open Access Theses

Purpose. The bioelectric impedance analyzer (BIA) is a device commonly used to assess body composition; however, there are questions concerning the reliability of single- and multiple-frequency machines across multiple testing days and their relative accuracies. The purpose of the present study was to compare a single- versus multiple-frequency BIA results across two testing sessions and to compare results for each session to plethysmography as represented by the Bod Pod. Our hypotheses were that results for both BIA units would be consistent between testing days and no significant differences would be seen among the three testing methods. Methods. Twenty young adults …

Association Between Class Iii Obesity (Bmi Of 40-59 Kg/M2) And Mortality: A Pooled Analysis Of 20 Prospective Studies, Cari M. Kitahara, Alan J. Flint, Amy Berrington De Gonzalez, Leslie Bernstein, Michelle Brotzman, Kim Robien, +30 Additional Authors

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Background

The prevalence of class III obesity (body mass index [BMI]≥40 kg/m2) has increased dramatically in several countries and currently affects 6% of adults in the US, with uncertain impact on the risks of illness and death. Using data from a large pooled study, we evaluated the risk of death, overall and due to a wide range of causes, and years of life expectancy lost associated with class III obesity.

Methods and Findings

In a pooled analysis of 20 prospective studies from the United States, Sweden, and Australia, we estimated sex- and age-adjusted total and cause-specific mortality rates (deaths per …

A Phallic Play: Examining 5Th Century Cultural References To Illuminate Aristophanes' Appeal For Peace To A Modern Audience, Gary Sean Pettit

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Aristophanes’ Lysistrata is a popular work for contemporary production. Written in 411 BCE, the work explores what happens when the females of Athens participate in a sex strike in order to coerce the males to end the Peloponnesian War. By exploring cultural references to symbols in Lysistrata, mainly the phallus, this article seeks to convey the vehemence with which Aristophanes was advocating for an end of the Peloponnesian war and to demonstrate to theatre practitioners that Lysistrata is unique in its rhetoric about war and its destructive force on society. By understanding these significant cultural references, a modern director …

Effects Of Nutritional Level Of Concentrate‐Based Diets On Meat Quality And Expression Levels Of Genes Related To Meat Quality In Hainan Black Goats, Dingfa Wang, Luli Zhou, Hanlin Zhou, Guanyu Hou, Liguang Shi, Mao Li, Xianzhou Huang, Song Guan

Faculty Publications

The present study investigated the effects of the nutritional levels of diets on meat quality and related gene expression in Hainan black goat. Twenty-four goats were divided into six dietary treatments and were fed a concentrate-based diet with two levels of crude protein (CP) (15% or 17%) and three levels of digestive energy (DE) (11.72, 12.55 or 13.39 MJ/kg DM) for 90 days. Goats fed the concentrate-based diet with 17% CP had significantly (P < 0.05) higher average daily gains (ADG) and better feed conversion rates (FCR). The pH 24h value tended to decrease (P < 0.05) with increasing DE levels. The tenderness of Longissimus dorsi muscle (LD) and Semimembranosus muscle (SM) reduced with increasing CP levels (P < 0.05). With increasing DE levels, tenderness was increased (P < 0.05). The heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) mRNA expression levels in LD and SM increased with increasing DE levels (P < 0.05), but decreased with increasing CP levels (P < 0.05). The calpastatin (CAST) and μ-calpain mRNA expressions levels in LD and SM were affected significantly (P < 0.05) by CP and DE levels in the diet. Therefore, the nutritional levels of diets affect meat quality and expression levels of genes associated with meat quality in Hainan black goats.

Nutritional Requirement For Protein Production From Trehalose Synthesis In The Male Accessory Gland Of Tribolium Castaneum, Ashlee Anciro

Kaleidoscope

No abstract provided.

Age At First Marriage And Its Impact On Reproductive Behaviour Of Women In Uttar Pradesh, India, Brijesh Pratap Singh, Sonam Maheshwari

Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability

The present study explores the impact of socio-economic and demographic variables on age at first marriage and its association to reproductive behavior of women. Using the multinomial regression approach, it is observed that place of residence, religion, wealth index, education, and occupation are significant, important and decisive variable for the age at first marriage. Along with, it is also found that the overall fertility declined sharply as age at first marriage rises. Using the method of linear regression, the study shows if the age at first marriage of adolescents is increased by 1 year then the age at first birth …

What's Happening: July 7, 2014, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Commonwealth Times 2014-07-07

Commonwealth Times, 1969-

No abstract provided.

2014-July-07-Community Health Center To Host 5k, Health Fair, University Marketing And Communications, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

No abstract provided.

Solving The Jigsaw Puzzle Of Wound-Healing Potato Cultivars: Metabolite Profiling And Antioxidant Activity Of Polar Extracts, Keyvan Dastmalchi, Qing Cai, Kevin Zhou, Wenlin Huang, Olga Serra, Ruth E. Stark

Publications and Research

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a worldwide food staple, but substantial waste accompanies the cultivation of this crop due to wounding of the outer skin and subsequent unfavorable healing conditions. Motivated by both economic and nutritional considerations, this metabolite profiling study aims to improve understanding of closing layer and wound periderm formation and guide the development of new methods to ensure faster and more complete healing after skin breakage. The polar metabolites of wound-healing tissues from four potato cultivars with differing patterns of tuber skin russeting (Norkotah Russet, Atlantic, Chipeta, and Yukon Gold) were analyzed at three and seven days …

Lanthorn, Vol. 49, No. 01, July 7, 2014, Grand Valley State University

Volume 49, July 7, 2014 - June 1, 2015

Lanthorn is Grand Valley State's student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present.

Protest Through Reification Of The System In Contemporary Health Policy Fiction, David A. Rochefort Ph.D.

Catalyst: A Social Justice Forum

“Issue novels” employ a variety of writing devices to inform and to persuade readers about the nature of social problems and their impacts. One distinctive means by which contemporary health care has been portrayed within fiction is through a reification of the “system.” In effect, the system itself becomes a main character within the narrative, one whose motivations, stratagems, values, and behavioral patterns create fateful consequences for all other actors. It is the “personality” of this system that defines the source of disadvantage and oppression for those subject to its whims, as well as the challenges to be overcome by …

Otero County Prescription Trails, University Of New Mexico Prevention Research Center

Walking Guides and Reports

The Otero County Prescription Trails Program is designed to give all health care professionals tools to increase walking and wheelchair rolling on suggested routes, targeting and promoting healthy lifestyles for families in our county. This guide will help you find some of the best parks, trails and walking areas in Alamogordo, Tularosa, White Sands National Monument and Lincoln National Forest.

Food System And Food Security Study For The City Of Cape Town, Jane Battersby, Gareth Haysom, Godfrey Tawodzera, Milla Mclachlan, Jonathan Crush

African Food Security Urban Network

Food insecurity is a critical, but poorly understood, challenge for the health and development of Capetonians.

Food insecurity is often imagined as hunger, but it is far broader than that. Households are considered food secure when they have “physical and economic access to sufficient and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life” (WHO/FAO 1996). Health is not merely the absence of disease, but also encompasses good nutrition and healthy lifestyles. Individuals in a food insecure household and/or community are at greater risk due to diets of poor nutritional value, which lowers …

Can Anyone With Low Income Be Food Secure?: Mitigating Food Insecurity Among Low Income Households With Children In The Tampa Bay Area, Edgar Allan Amador

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In the US over the last few years, approximately 14.5% of households experience food insecurity at some point throughout the year. While studies on food insecurity in the US have determined that household income and specifically income available to spend on food is of critical importance to food security, it is still unclear why some households with low income are able to maintain food security while others experience food insecurity in a pattern characterized as not constant but recurrent. This dissertation compares households with children at different levels of food security and insecurity using the USDA Core Food Security Module …

Successful Management Of A Neglected Case Of Nephropathic Cystinosis, Mohamed A. El-Naggari, Ibtisam Elnour, Hussein Al-Shahrabally, Aamir, Anas A. Abdelmogheth

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Cystinosis is a rare metabolic disorder characterised by lysosomal cystine accumulation leading to multi-organ damage; clinically, the kidneys are the first organ affected. Respiratory insufficiency caused by overall respiratory muscle myopathy is a life-threatening complication. Treatment with cysteamine should be initiated rapidly and continued lifelong to prolong renal function and protect the extra-renal organs. We report the case of a four-year-old Omani girl, diagnosed with infantile nephropathic cystinosis at 21 months. Cysteamine was prescribed but with no compliance to medications. She presented to the Child Health Department of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman, two years later with severe failure to …

What Are Our Options In The Fight Against Breast Cancer?, Ikram A. Burney, Muhammad Furrukh, Mansour S.

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Advances In Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimation, Malik A. Rabbani

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Vitamin E In Human Health And Some Diseases, Saliha Rizvi, Syed T. Raza, Faizal Ahmad, Absar, Shania Abbas, Farzana Mahdi

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Vitamin E is the major lipid-soluble component in the cell antioxidant defence system and is exclusively obtained from the diet. It has numerous important roles within the body because of its antioxidant activity. Oxidation has been linked to numerous possible conditions and diseases, including cancer, ageing, arthritis and cataracts; vitamin E has been shown to be effective against these. Platelet hyperaggregation, which can lead to atherosclerosis, may also be prevented by vitamin E; additionally, it also helps to reduce the production of prostaglandins such as thromboxane, which cause platelet clumping. The current literature review discusses the functions and roles of …

Primary School Managers’ Knowledge Of And Attitude Towards Epilepsy Among Children In Erbil City, Iraq, Salih A. Abdulla

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of primary school managers regarding epilepsy among school children in Erbil City, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in primary schools between 18 June and 18 August 2013. A total of 80 primary school managers were selected to answer a questionnaire covering three domains: socio-demographical characteristics, knowledge of epilepsy and attitudes towards epilepsy. Results: More than half of the participants (55%) had spent less than 10 years in school administration. More than one-third (37.5%) of the participants believed that epilepsy was an infectious disease, and over half of the …

A National Strategy For Promoting Physical Activity In Oman : A Call For Action, Ruth Mabry, Neville Owen, Elizabeth

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

The increasing prevalence of chronic disease in Oman is a public health challenge. Available evidence in Oman on physical inactivity, the fourth leading risk factor for chronic disease, calls for urgent action to reduce physical inactivity as part of a key strategy to address chronic disease in Oman. The public health implications of this evidence for Oman are considered in light of recommendations outlined in the Toronto Charter for Physical Activity. The charter provides a systematic approach of physical activity and outlines an action plan that could be adapted to the Omani context. Urgent intersectoral action focusing on a shared …

Perceived Impacts Of A Public Health Training Center Field Placement Program Among Trainees: Findings From A Small Group Externship Experience, Patrik Johansson, Brandon Grimm, Tarik Abdel-Monem, Stacey J. Hoffman, Mark Dekraai, Analisa Mcmillan

University of Nebraska Public Policy Center: Publications

There is heightened interest in identifying the impact of the federally funded Public Health Training Center (PHTC) program. Although evaluation studies have been conducted of public health training in general, evaluations of PHTC programs are rare. Field placement components are congressionally mandated requirements of PHTCs. Field placements are typically intensive, supervised externships for students to gain public health experience with local health departments or non-profit organizations. We have found no published evaluations of PHTC field placement components. This may be because of their small size and unique nature. We designed and evaluated a 200-h field placement program at an established …

Advanced General Medicine Conference The Royal College Of Physicians (London), The Ministry Of Health (Oman) And Sultan Qaboos University Sultan Qaboos University, 29–30 January 2014, Sultan Qaboos University

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

1st International Conference On Advances In Obstetrics & Gynaecology Part Ii - Posters Sultan Qaboos University, 4–6 December 2013, Sultan Qaboos University

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

No abstract provided.