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Estrogens Stimulate Serotonin Neurons To Inhibit Binge-Like Eating In Mice, Xuehong Cao, Pingwen Xu, Mario G. Oyola, Yan Xia, Xiaofeng Yan, Kenji Saito, Fang Zou, Chunmei Wang, Yongjie Yang, Antentor Hinton Jr., Chunling Yan, Hongfang Ding, Liangru Zhu, Likai Yu, Bin Yang, Benjamin Feng, Deborah J. Clegg, Sohaib Khan, Richard Dimarchi, Shaila K. Mani, Qingchun Tong, Yong Xu

Peer Reviewed Articles

Binge eating afflicts approximately 5% of US adults, though effective treatments are limited. Here, we showed that estrogen replacement substantially suppresses binge-like eating behavior in ovariectomized female mice. Estrogen-dependent inhibition of binge-like eating was blocked in female mice specifically lacking estrogen receptor-α (ERα) in serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN). Administration of a recently developed glucagon-like peptide-1–estrogen (GLP-1–estrogen) conjugate designed to deliver estrogen to GLP1 receptor–enhanced regions effectively targeted bioactive estrogens to the DRN and substantially suppressed binge-like eating in ovariectomized female mice. Administration of GLP-1 alone reduced binge-like eating, but not to the same extent as …

Daily Eastern News: August 26, 2014, Eastern Illinois University

August

No abstract provided.

Method Of Co-Culturing Mammalian Muscle Cells And Motoneurons, James Hickman, Mainak Das

UCF Patents

The invention provides a method of co-culturing mammalian muscle cells and mammalian motoneurons. The method comprises preparing one or more carriers coated with a covalently bonded monolayer of trimethoxysilylpropyl diethylenetriamine (DETA); suspending isolated fetal mammalian skeletal muscle cells in serum-free medium according to medium composition 1; suspending isolated fetal mammalian spinal motoneurons in serum-free medium according to medium composition 1; plating the suspended muscle cells onto the one or more carriers at a predetermined density and allowing the muscle cells to attach; plating the suspended motoneurons at a predetermined density onto the one or more carriers and allowing the motoneurons …

Activity-Dependent Serotonergic Excitation Of Callosal Projection Neurons In The Mouse Prefrontal Cortex, Emily K. Stephens, Daniel Avesar, Allan T. Gulledge

Dartmouth Scholarship

Layer 5 pyramidal neurons (L5PNs) in the mouse prefrontal cortex respond to serotonin (5-HT) according to their long-distance axonal projections; 5-HT_1A (1A) receptors mediate inhibitory responses in corticopontine (CPn) L5PNs, while 5-HT_2A (2A) receptors can enhance action potential (AP) output in callosal/commissural (COM) L5PNs, either directly (in “COM-excited” neurons), or following brief 1A-mediated inhibition (in “COM-biphasic” neurons). Here we compare the impact of 5-HT on the excitability of CPn and COM L5PNs experiencing variable excitatory drive produced by current injection (DC current or simulated synaptic current) or with exogenous glutamate. 5-HT delivered at resting membrane potentials, or paired …

The Current Volume 25 : Issue 2, Nova Southeastern University

Student Newspapers

No abstract provided.

Contribution Of Nmda-B/C/D And Adenosine A1 Receptors In The Generation Of Dendritic Nmda Spikes And Glutamate-Mediated Plateau Potentials, Katerina Oikonomou

Doctoral Dissertations

Basal dendrites are a major target of excitatory synaptic inputs in cortical pyramidal neurons. Due to their close proximity to the soma, basal dendrites strongly influence the neuronal output via generation of dendritic regenerative potentials (spikes). Dendritic spikes are generated by synchronous activation of spatially segregated glutamatergic terminals. It was recently postulated that astrocytes actively support dendritic spikes by either ceasing the glutamate uptake or by releasing glutamate and adenosine in the extrasynaptic space. The pool of extrasynaptic glutamate receptors exposed to spillover glutamate is dominated by NR2B, NR2C and NR2D subtypes of the NMDA receptors.

Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, …

The George-Anne, Georgia Southern University

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Popular Agitation And British Parliamentary Reform, 1866-1867, Michael D. Snell-Feikema

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

This paper demonstrated that the force of public opinion as expressed by pro-reform agitations played a critical role in the attainment of working-class voting rights with the Reform Act of 1867. This Reform Act, which passed after more than a year of political disputes and public demands, gave most of the urban English working class the right to vote. In 1866 a modest reform bill sponsored by William Gladstone’s Liberal government had been defeated by a combination of Conservative and conservative Liberal opposition. After months of popular demonstrations, Benjamin Disraeli’s new Conservative government introduced another reform bill that initially was …

Search For The Causative Organism Of Waterfowl Deaths At Lake Onalaska, Derek Skillings

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

American coots (Fulica americana) and diving ducks, including lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) and ring-necked ducks (Aythya collaris) have been dying in significant numbers on Lake Onalaska since 2001. Bird mortality is being attributed to parasitic infections from two intestinal trematodes, Cyathocotyle bushiensis and Sphaeridiotrema globulus. The birds begin dying in as little as two weeks of landing at this lake. Rapid mortality is not typically associated with trematode parasitism. Assuming these birds acquired their infections at Lake Onalaska, leads to the conclusion that our current understanding of the disease in this parasite-host system is lacking. Neorickettsiales are a group of …

Applying Early Existential Critiques To Contemporary Themes In American Culture, Erik S. Berquist, Derek J. Skillings

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

Charles Taylor, Carl Elliot, Alexis De Tocqueville, and Lionel Trilling have presented and critically analyzed a number of ideals that animate currents in contemporary American Culture, which include authenticity, sincerity, pluralism, subjectivism, and self-actualization, but these ideals do not harmoniously coexist; rather, they inevitably conflict. These notions have been realized in a way that is unique in their current understandings. Though there is the appearance of some homogeneity amongst these themes, they inevitably clash and contain internal tensions. The philosophers Kierkegaard and Nietzsche respond to many of the ideas that underlie these modern notions. Though differing in degrees, these critiques …

Knowledge To Serve The City: Insights From An Emerging Knowledge-Action Network To Address Vulnerability And Sustainability In San Juan, Puerto Rico, Tischa A. Muñoz-Erickson, Ariel E. Lugo, Elvia Meléndez-Ackerman, Luis E. Santiago-Acevedo, José Seguinot-Barbosa, Pablo Méndez-Lázaro, Myrna Hall, Braulio Quintero, Alonso Ramírez, Diana García-Montiel, Robert Gilmore Pontius Jr., Olga M. Ramos-González, Raúl Santiago-Bartolomei, Julio Verdejo-Ortíz, Jorge R. Ortíz-Zayas, Carmen M. Concepción, Daniela Cusack, Juan Giusti, William Mcdowell, María Luz Cruz-Torres, Julio Vallejo, Lindsay Cray, Jess Zimmerman, Víctor Cuadrado-Landrau, Magaly Figueroa

Cities and the Environment (CATE)

This paper presents initial efforts to establish the San Juan Urban Long-Term Research Area Exploratory (ULTRA-Ex), a long-term program aimed at developing transdisciplinary social-ecological system (SES) research to address vulnerability and sustainability for the municipality of San Juan. Transdisciplinary approaches involve the collaborations between researchers, stakeholders, and citizens to produce socially-relevant knowledge and support decision-making. We characterize the transdisciplinary arrangement emerging in San Juan ULTRA-Ex as a knowledge-action network composed of multiple formal and informal actors (e.g., scientists, policymakers, civic organizations and other stakeholders) where knowledge, ideas, and strategies for sustainability are being produced, evaluated, and validated. We describe in …

Effect Of Conditioned Medium On The Recovery Of Dormant Mycobacteria In Culture, Kelly E. Rock

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Mpt) is the etiologic agent of Johne’s disease, a chronic intestinal disease in cattle that threatens the economic viability of dairy farming. Diagnostic culture is typically unrewarding until several years after infection when clinical signs can be observed. This leads to widespread infection within the herd. Difficulty in culturing Mpt may be a result of oxidative damage due to the increased metabolic rate when dormant organisms are recovered in a nutrient rich medium. In order to improve recovery it is believed that some organisms secrete a growth factor in times of environmental stress which enables them …

Community Assistance For Refugees And Gender Roles: What Could Make This C.A.R. Run Better?, Nathan E. Meyer

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

Community Assistance for Refugees is a non-profit service organization in downtown Mankato, Minnesota. Secondary migration to southern Minnesota has increased the refugee population as well as the need for research assessing the needs and concerns of refugees. The purpose of this project was two-fold: first to analyze how C.A.R. is able to meet the needs of its clients and second, to investigate ways in which C.A.R. could improve its services. Traditionally female refugees are less educated and less mainstreamed into American society. This research was designed to help all clients, but special attention was paid to the specific needs of …

The Basis Of Self And Other In Gender Constructed Identity, Julie L. Lemley

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

This paper is an extension of previous research projects wherein I applied theories of identity and labeling (Garfinkle), power (French and Raven) and gender (Pearson, West and Turner) to adolescent girls’ identity construction. Using methods of textual criticism, I argued then that the advertising targeting adolescent girls at the crucial transitional period between child identity and adult identity was dominated by patriarchal imagery, the implications of which are sexual violence, low-self esteem and self-objectification by young women. This paper applies the same methodology but to identity formation of adolescent boys, arguing on the basis of Hegel’s master-slave dialectic that adolescent …

The Prevention Of Inflammatory-Related Liver Damage By Tamoxifen In Rats Given Fish Oil, Renae Haycraft

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

The focus of this research was to decrease inflammatory-related liver damage from tamoxifen in rats by adding fish oil to the diet. Tamoxifen causes a significant increase in inflammation of the liver. Inflammation increases with the production of prostaglandins by a metabolic pathway involving arachidonic acid. The metabolism of tamoxifen by the enzyme cytochrome P450 leads to an increase in the production of prostaglandins. The increased inflammation is proportional to lipid accumulation and ultimately lipid peroxidation in the liver. Resulting damage in humans includes hepatic steatosis (fatty liver), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and cirrhosis. Fish oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids, …

Killing For Fun: A Study Of The Effect Violent Videogames Have On The Player, Mike Goracke

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

Many studies have been done to see if there are aggressive effects on people that play violent videogames. Even in the early 80s, there was concern that games like Pac Man were too violent for youth. Most studies have concluded that violent games have a negative effect on young people. Yet, I believe that many of these studies had flaws in the research methods. Therefore, I based my study on a previous study done by Bushman and Anderson (2002). My study consisted of a sample of 10 male Minnesota State University (MSU) students who listened to a scenario that would …

Connecting Cultures Through Communication: A Speech Language And Hearing Science Journey, Megan O'Connell

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Purdue University launched its inaugural Speech Language and Hearing Science study abroad program to Zambia, Africa, in summer 2013. Twelve students, both undergraduate and graduate, were carefully selected to participate in the program after applications were sent in January of the same year. The overall goal was to aid several medical centers and schools through work in audiology. Students, in turn, would receive clinical experience as well as having the opportunity to learn about a vastly different culture. Two Purdue audiology professors coordinated with a sole audiologist in Zambia, who happened to have been a Purdue student himself, and created …

Sustainable Service-Learning Projects In The Tropics: A Costa Rica Maymester, Kimberly Lutz

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

International service-learning projects extend textbook knowledge into practical, real-world applications while giving students an opportunity to engage in a different culture. In May 2012, a group of Purdue students from various majors in the College of Agriculture, led by a student leader and faculty member, traveled to Costa Rica to complete several service-learning projects. These projects included: (1) the construction and installation of water filtration systems, (2) creating an animal health care curricula for local schools, and (3) finalizing a guidebook of fl ora and fauna to benefit an emerging ecotourism site. Maymester students met for an 8-week course prior …

Art History Association 3rd Annual Foreign Film Series Begins Aug. 26, Winthrop University

Winthrop News 2014

• All film screenings are free, open to the public, and approved cultural and Global Learning Initiative events.
• A beloved film tradition continues with the Winthrop University Art History Association’s 3rd annual Foreign Film series, beginning Tuesday, Aug. 26.

Center Welcomes New Historian Jessica Wilkerson, Admin

Blog Posts

This fall, the Center for the Study of Southern Culture and the Department of History will welcome Jessica Wilkerson as a new assistant professor of history and Southern Studies. Wilkerson comes to the university from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where she completed her doctoral work in the field of women's and gender history.

The Statesman, V. 58, I. 02, Stony Brook University

Stony Brook Statesman-Sucolian

v. 58, i. 02

The Collegian (2014-08-25), Cleiri Quezada

UTB/TSC Archives - The Collegian [Newspaper]

Vol. 67, No. 1

Crow's Nest, August 25, 2014, Crow's Nest Staff

Crow's Nest

The August 25, 2014, issue of the Crow's Nest.

Nuclear Glycolytic Enzyme Enolase Of Toxoplasma Gondii Functions As A Transcriptional Regulator, Thomas Mouveaux, Gabrielle Oria, Elisabeth Werkmeister, Christian Slomianny, Barbara A. Fox, David J. Bzik, Stanislas Tomavo

Dartmouth Scholarship

Apicomplexan parasites including Toxoplasma gondii have complex life cycles within different hosts and their infectivity relies on their capacity to regulate gene expression. However, little is known about the nuclear factors that regulate gene expression in these pathogens. Here, we report that T. gondii enolase TgENO2 is targeted to the nucleus of actively replicating parasites, where it specifically binds to nuclear chromatin in vivo. Using a ChIP-Seq technique, we provide evidence for TgENO2 enrichment at the 5′ untranslated gene regions containing the putative promoters of 241 nuclear genes. Ectopic expression of HA-tagged TgENO1 or TgENO2 led to changes in …

The Daily Gamecock, Monday, August 25, 2014, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

August

No abstract provided.

Applying Accelerator Mass Spectrometry For Low-Level Detection Of Complex Engineered Nanoparticles In Biological Media, Binghui Wang, George S. Jackson, Robert A. Yokel, Eric A. Grulke

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Complex engineered nanoparticles (CENPs), which have different core and surface components, are being developed for medicinal, pharmaceutical and industrial applications. One of the key challenges for environmental health and safety assessments of CENPs is to identify and quantity their transformations in biological environments. This study reports the effects of in vivo exposure of citrate-coated nanoalumina with different rare isotope labels on each component. This CENP was dosed to the rat and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) was used to quantify ²⁶Al, ¹⁴C, and their ratio in the dosing material and tissue samples. For CENPs detected in the liver, the …

Integrating Metabolic Performance, Thermal Tolerance, And Plasticity Enables For More Accurate Predictions On Species Vulnerability To Acute And Chronic Effects Of Global Warming, S Magozzi, P Calosi

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Predicting species vulnerability to global warming requires a comprehensive, mechanistic understanding of sublethal and lethal thermal tolerances. To date, however, most studies investigating species physiological responses to increasing temperature have focused on the underlying physiological traits of either acute or chronic tolerance in isolation. Here, we propose an integrative, synthetic approach including the investigation of multiple physiological traits (metabolic performance and thermal tolerance), and their plasticity, to provide more accurate and balanced predictions on species and assemblage vulnerability to both acute and chronic effects of global warming. We applied this approach to more accurately elucidate relative species vulnerability to warming …

Living With Cancer Aged 75 And Older: A Biographical Narrative Case-Study, Nicholas David Hughes

The Qualitative Report

Aging is associated with greater incidence of disease and illness, including cancers. Extensive literature reports incidence, prevalence, and treatment of cancers in older individuals. The subjective perceptions of older individuals undergoing the experience of cancer remain largely unknown. The case-study reported in this article is derived from a larger study whose aim was to investigate the experiences of older people of living with cancer. Data were generated using narrative interviews with 20 individuals aged 76-87 diagnosed with one of four common cancers. Interview data were analysed using the concept of the “illness trajectory” (Corbin & Strauss, 1988). In this article …

Genome Sequence Analysis Of In Vitro And In Vivo Phenotypes Of Bunyamwera And Ngari Virus Isolates From Northern Kenya, Collins Odhiambo, Marietjie Venter, Konongoi Limbaso, Robert Swanepoel, Rosemary Sang

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Biological phenotypes of tri-segmented arboviruses display characteristics that map to mutation/s in the S, M or L segments of the genome. Plaque variants have been characterized for other viruses displaying varied phenotypes including attenuation in growth and/or pathogenesis. In order to characterize variants of Bunyamwera and Ngari viruses, we isolated individual plaque size variants; small plaque (SP) and large plaque (LP) and determined in vitro growth properties and in vivo pathogenesis in suckling mice. We performed gene sequencing to identify mutations that may be responsible for the observed phenotype. The LP generally replicated faster than the SP and the difference …

Disrupted Human–Pathogen Co-Evolution: A Model For Disease, Nuri Kodaman, Rafal S. Sobota, Robertino Mera, Barbara G. Schneider, Scott M. Williams

Dartmouth Scholarship

A major goal in infectious disease research is to identify the human and pathogenic genetic variants that explain differences in microbial pathogenesis. However, neither pathogenic strain nor human genetic variation in isolation has proven adequate to explain the heterogeneity of disease pathology. We suggest that disrupted co-evolution between a pathogen and its human host can explain variation in disease outcomes, and that genome-by-genome interactions should therefore be incorporated into genetic models of disease caused by infectious agents. Genetic epidemiological studies that fail to take both the pathogen and host into account can lead to false and misleading conclusions about disease …