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2013

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System For Staining Fungi And Protozoa, My Lien Dao Dec 2013

System For Staining Fungi And Protozoa, My Lien Dao

USF Patents

The present invention provides a method for the staining of fungi and microsporidia for observation with a light microscope based upon the presence of chitin in the composition of these organisms. With the method of the present invention a sample to be analyzed is treated with a solution of Ponceau S and Stains-all dye. The sample is then selectively decolorized and rinsed. The resulting sample is examined with a light microscope, or photographed for a permanent record, to identify the presence of a variety of microorganisms, to include fungi and microsporidia.

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Stat3 Inhibitor Having Anti-Cancer Activity And Methods, James Turkson, Said Sebti, Richard Jove, Andrew D. Hamilton Dec 2013

Stat3 Inhibitor Having Anti-Cancer Activity And Methods, James Turkson, Said Sebti, Richard Jove, Andrew D. Hamilton

USF Patents

A small-molecule Stat3 dimerization inhibitor, S3I-M2001, is described and the dynamics of intracellular processing of activated Stat3 within the context of the biochemical and biological effects of the Stat3 chemical probe inhibitor are elucidated. S3I-M2001 is a newly-identified oxazole-based peptidomimetic of the Stat3 Src Homology (SH) 2 domain-binding phosphotyrosine peptide that selectively disrupts active Stat3:Stat3 dimers. Stat3-dependent malignant transformation, survival, and migration and invasion of mouse and human cancer cells harboring persistently-activated Stat3 were inhibited by S3I-M2001. S3I-M2001 inhibited Stat3-dependent transcriptional regulation of tumor survival genes, such as Bcl-xL. The disclosed compound is useful as a new potential treatment for …

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Arctic Passages: Maternal Transport, IñUpiat Mothers And Northwest Alaska Communities In Transition, Lisa Llewellyn Schwarzburg Dec 2013

Arctic Passages: Maternal Transport, IñUpiat Mothers And Northwest Alaska Communities In Transition, Lisa Llewellyn Schwarzburg

Indigenous Studies

While the primary goal of the northwest Alaska Native village maternal transport program is safe deliveries for mothers from remote villages, little has been done to examine the impact of transport on the mothers and communities involved. I explore how present values (Western and Iñupiat cultural values) can influence the desire of indigenous women of differing eras and Northwest Alaska villages to participate in biomedical birth practices, largely as made available by a tribal health-sponsored patient transport system. The work that follows portrays the varying influences on these women and their communities as they determine the level of importance for …

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Bride-Stealing: A Myth Of Misogyny, Seetha Murugesan Dec 2013

Bride-Stealing: A Myth Of Misogyny, Seetha Murugesan

Indigenous Studies

Bride-stealing, an explicit symbolic misogynistic action in The Iliad and The Kamba Ramayanam, is analyzed as a long-term patterned conduct of human behavior among the peoples who produced these works. The systematic pattern of bride stealing found in the epics discussed suggests that within these groups social constructs had always been in favor of female inferiority and subjugation. This places an emphasis on gender as an issue, manifested in the treatment of women by men as "others." The narrations of marginalization of women in the epics lead to a critique of the hypothesis that they are misogynistic. Here a framework …

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A Review Of Oil Spill History And Management On The North Slope Of Alaska, Amanda Davila Dec 2013

A Review Of Oil Spill History And Management On The North Slope Of Alaska, Amanda Davila

Engineering

Alaska has an abundance of natural resources including oil, natural gas and coal. It is critical to minimize the occurrence of oil spills to ensure protection of Alaska's people and the environment. The objective of this project is twofold. One is to provide a quantification of the number of spills on the North Slope (NS) as well as the number of contaminated sites that are generated, describe the regulatory requirements for the Arctic zone, and discuss cleanup methods. Second is to describe the ADEC regulations as they pertain to terrestrial oil spills. The region of study begins north of Alyeska's …

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Basal Shear Strength Inversions For Ice Sheets With An Application To Jakobshavn Isbræ, Greenland, Marijke Habermann Dec 2013

Basal Shear Strength Inversions For Ice Sheets With An Application To Jakobshavn Isbræ, Greenland, Marijke Habermann

Geosciences

Satellite and in situ observations of ice sheet outlet glaciers around the turn of the 21st century showed that rapid changes in ice dynamics are possible and important for the evolution of ice sheets. When attempting to model these dynamic changes the conditions at the ice-bed interface are crucial. Inverse methods can be used to infer basal properties, such as the basal yield stress, from abundant surface velocity observations by using a physical model of ice flow. Inverse methods are very powerful, but they need to be applied with care, otherwise errors can dominate the solution. In this study we …

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Seismicity, Seawater And Seasonality: New Insights Into Iceberg Calving From Yahtse Glacier, Alaska, Timothy Chester Bartholomaus Dec 2013

Seismicity, Seawater And Seasonality: New Insights Into Iceberg Calving From Yahtse Glacier, Alaska, Timothy Chester Bartholomaus

Geosciences

At many of the largest glaciers and ice sheets on Earth, more than half of the annual ice loss occurs through iceberg calving into the ocean. Calving is also responsible for the most rapid ice mass changes, both directly (through the mechanical loss of ice at the terminus) and indirectly (through dynamic thinning of upstream ice initiated by terminus retreat). Yet, the mechanisms and factors that control calving are poorly understood. Recordings of glaciogenic seismic waves, known as "icequakes," produced during iceberg calving offer opportunities for insight that cannot be gleaned through other methods. In order to better understand iceberg …

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Remote Sensing Of Arctic Landscape Dynamics, Benjamin M. Jones Dec 2013

Remote Sensing Of Arctic Landscape Dynamics, Benjamin M. Jones

Geosciences

Amplified warming in the Arctic has likely increased the rate of landscape change and disturbances in northern high latitude regions. Remote sensing provides a valuable tool for assessing the spatial and temporal patterns associated with arctic landscape dynamics over annual, decadal, and centennial time scales. In this dissertation, I focused on remote sensing studies associated with four primary components of arctic landscape change and disturbance: (1) permafrost coastline erosion, (2) thermokarst lake dynamics, (3) tundra fires, and (4) using repeat airborne LiDAR for the measurement of vertical deformation in an arctic coastal lowland landscape. By combining observations from several high …

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Use Of Family History To Improve Colorectal Cancer Screening Outreach Among Alaska Native People, Diana Redwood Dec 2013

Use Of Family History To Improve Colorectal Cancer Screening Outreach Among Alaska Native People, Diana Redwood

Psychology

Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality among Alaska Native people are the highest of any ethnic or racial group in the United States. First-degree relatives (FDRs), which include parents, siblings, and children of CRC patients, are at increased risk. There is a paucity of data on predictors of screening adherence among Alaska Native FDRs, and the extent to which screening outreach is occurring within the Alaska Tribal Health System (ATHS) for FDRs. There is also a lack of data available on barriers and facilitators to increasing screening outreach efforts in this population. This study assessed the prevalence of CRC screening …

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Tobacco Use And Cessation: What Matters To Southeast Alaska Native Young Adults?, Kathryn Anderson Dec 2013

Tobacco Use And Cessation: What Matters To Southeast Alaska Native Young Adults?, Kathryn Anderson

Psychology

Background: The smoking rate among young Alaska Native adults (ages 19-29) in Southeast Alaska is 70% as compared to the statewide adult smoking rate of 21%, the Alaska Native adult rate of 41%, and the overall young adult rate of 32%. Southeast Alaska Regional Health Consortium (SEARHC), the non-profit tribal health consortium serving Southeast Alaska, commissioned this research to inform development of a young adult-specific, social marketing-based smoking cessation intervention. Methods: Using purposive sampling, 23 individuals were recruited for five focus groups and four individual interviews in Juneau, Alaska. Following a social marketing framework, the research assessed participant beliefs about …

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Using The Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method For Fluid-Solid Interactions Induced By Surface Tension, Liangbiao Chen, N/A 陈 良彪 Dec 2013

Using The Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method For Fluid-Solid Interactions Induced By Surface Tension, Liangbiao Chen, N/A 陈 良彪

Engineering

This thesis is devoted to the development of new, Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method (GIMP)-based algorithms for handling surface tension and contact (wetting) in fluid-solid interaction (FSI) problems at small scales. In these problems, surface tension becomes so dominant that its influence on both fluids and solids must be considered. Since analytical solutions for most engineering problems are usually unavailable, numerical methods are needed to describe and predict complicated time-dependent states in the solid and fluid involved due to surface tension effects. Traditional computational methods for handling fluid-solid interactions may not be effective due to their weakness in solving large-deformation …

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Growth Of Chum Salmon In Relation To Population Abundance And Climate In The Eastern North Pacific Ocean And The Recruitment Of Pollock In The Eastern Bering Sea, Ellen Martinson Yasumiishi Dec 2013

Growth Of Chum Salmon In Relation To Population Abundance And Climate In The Eastern North Pacific Ocean And The Recruitment Of Pollock In The Eastern Bering Sea, Ellen Martinson Yasumiishi

Fisheries

Global climate change is expected to change the distribution and growth of marine species. Therefore, understanding how climate, ocean productivity, and population abundance affect the dynamics of marine species will help predict how growth and recruitment of marine species will respond to future changes in climatic and oceanic conditions. Statistically significant intertemporal correlations have been observed between a variety of environmental factors and recruitment, growth, mortality, and abundance of fish populations. However, because these correlative relationships are not reflective of the actual biophysical processes, the relationships can break down, particularly when used for forecasting. Failure of these simple correlative relationships …

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Effects Of Organohalogen Contaminants On Steller Sea Lion Survival And Female Reproduction In The Russian Far East, Adam Zaleski Dec 2013

Effects Of Organohalogen Contaminants On Steller Sea Lion Survival And Female Reproduction In The Russian Far East, Adam Zaleski

Fisheries

The presence of persistent organohalogen contaminants (OCs) in the habitats of Steller sea lions, Eumetopias jubatus, may influence reproductive rates and possibly survival. The lack of recovery and the reduction in natality for the western stock has no apparent cause and OCs may be potential contributing factors. Among the most common synthetic OCs measured in marine mammal tissues are polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB). This project's focus was on the relationship between OCs and the western stock's lack of recovery. A suite of OCs were quantified from 239 hot-branded pups from 2001-2007 at …

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Growth-Increment Formation Using Otoliths And Scales Of Juvenile Chinook Salmon, Brian Michael Walker Dec 2013

Growth-Increment Formation Using Otoliths And Scales Of Juvenile Chinook Salmon, Brian Michael Walker

Fisheries

Freshwater growth of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha influences survival and recruitment to the adult population. Retrospective analysis is used to measure salmon growth at previous ages, with fish size and growth assumed to be accurately reflected by otolith increments and scale circuli. I conducted a 122-d laboratory experiment to validate the relationship among body size, growth, and width to daily otolith growth increments and scale circuli in juvenile stream-type Chinook salmon. Fish total length was found to be proportional to otolith axis length (r² = 0.209, p < 0.001), otolith diameter (r² = 0.667, p < 0.001), and scale radius (r² = 0.538, p < 0.001). Somatic growth was accurately reflected by growth in otolith axis length (r² 0.65, p < 0.001) and growth in scale radius (r² = 0.449, p < 0.001). My study validated the assumption that fish body size and growth are reflected by otolith and scale size and growth- increment formation. The findings of my study can be used to ascertain body size at previous ages, which will help managers detect threshold sizes, examine the strength of size-selective mortality, and determine how growth rate affects smolt migration, early marine survival, and duration of ocean residency.

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The Phylogeography And Population Genetic Structure Of Least Cisco (Coregonus Sardinella) In Alaska, Veronica M. Padula Dec 2013

The Phylogeography And Population Genetic Structure Of Least Cisco (Coregonus Sardinella) In Alaska, Veronica M. Padula

Fisheries

The least cisco (Coregonus sardinella) is a whitefish species broadly distributed across the Arctic regions of Russia, Alaska, and Canada, and little is known about the genetic relationships among groups within this species. We investigated the genetic relationships among least cisco on two landscape scales. On a broader landscape scale, we investigated the relationships among populations across the state of Alaska by comparing mitochondria) DNA (mtDNA) sequences. On a finer landscape scale, we investigated the relationships among least cisco populations in closely located lakes on the Arctic Coastal Plain by comparing microsatellite DNA haplotypes. Data from mtDNA suggest that least …

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Seasonal Movement Patterns And Habitat Occupancy Of Kotzebue Region Inconnu, Nicholas J. Smith Dec 2013

Seasonal Movement Patterns And Habitat Occupancy Of Kotzebue Region Inconnu, Nicholas J. Smith

Fisheries

Inconnu Stenodus leucichthys are large, long-lived piscivorous whitefish harvested in subsistence and sport fisheries in Alaska. My study was conducted to describe the seasonal movements and habitat occupancy of inconnu in the Selawik and Kobuk River drainages, Alaska, from 2010 through 2012. Methods consisted of surgically implanting acoustic telemetry tags in 80 fish from both rivers in 2010 and 2011 (n = 320), and deploying a fixed array of 20 Vemco VR2W acoustic receiving stations affixed with archival tags throughout Selawik Lake and Hotham Inlet. Tagged inconnu detections revealed that Selawik and Kobuk River inconnu displayed a high degree of …

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An Algorithm For Motion Estimation From The Tomographic Data, Alexander Katsevich, Michael Silver, Alexander Zamyatin Dec 2013

An Algorithm For Motion Estimation From The Tomographic Data, Alexander Katsevich, Michael Silver, Alexander Zamyatin

UCF Patents

In this paper we study local tomography (LT) in the motion contaminated case. It is shown that microlocally, away from some critical directions, LT is equivalent to a pseudo-differential operator of order one. LT also produces non-local artifacts that are of the same strength as useful singularities. If motion is not accurately known, singularities inside the object f being scanned spread in different directions. A single edge can become a double edge. In such a case the image of f looks cluttered. Based on this observation we propose an algorithm for motion estimation. We propose an empiric measure of image …

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Stat3 Inhibitor Having Anti-Cancer Activity And Methods (Us), James Turkson, Andrew Hamilton, Richard Jove, Said Sebti Dec 2013

Stat3 Inhibitor Having Anti-Cancer Activity And Methods (Us), James Turkson, Andrew Hamilton, Richard Jove, Said Sebti

UCF Patents

A small-molecule Stat3 dimerization inhibitor, S3I-M2001, is described and the dynamics of intracellular processing of activated Stat3 within the context of the biochemical and biological effects of the Stat3 chemical probe inhibitor are elucidated. S3I-M2001 is a newly-identified oxazole-based peptidomimetic of the Stat3 Src Homology (SH) 2 domain-binding phosphotyrosine peptide that selectively disrupts active Stat3:Stat3 dimers. Stat3-dependent malignant transformation, survival, and migration and invasion of mouse and human cancer cells harboring persistently-activated Stat3 were inhibited by S3I-M2001. S3I-M2001 inhibited Stat3-dependent transcriptional regulation of tumor survival genes, such as Bcl-xL. The disclosed compound is useful as a new potential treatment for …

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Three Dimensional Volcano-Acoustic Source Localization At Karymsky Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, Colin Rowell Dec 2013

Three Dimensional Volcano-Acoustic Source Localization At Karymsky Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, Colin Rowell

Geosciences

We test two methods of 3-D acoustic source localization on volcanic explosions and small-scale jetting events at Karymsky Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Recent infrasound studies have provided evidence that volcanic jets produce low-frequency aerodynamic sound (jet noise) similar to that from man-made jet engines. Man-made jets are known to produce sound through turbulence along the jet axis, but discrimination of sources along the axis of a volcanic jet requires a network of sufficient topographic relief to attain resolution in the vertical dimension. At Karymsky Volcano, the topography of an eroded edifice adjacent to the active cone provided a platform for the …

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Igneous Rocks And Structures Of The Nixon Fork Mine, Alaska, And Their Relations To Ores, Brian Perttu Dec 2013

Igneous Rocks And Structures Of The Nixon Fork Mine, Alaska, And Their Relations To Ores, Brian Perttu

Geosciences

The Nixon Fork Mine is a high-grade Cu-Au skarn deposit located near the western contact of the 5 square km Late Cretaceous Mystery pluton with marble, 7 km southeast of the Iditarod-Nixon Fork (I-NF) fault. This fault strikes at ~060�, and can be traced for ~400 km, with a minimum dextral displacement of ~90 km. Close proximity suggests that the Nixon Fork deposit should have been affected by the I-NF fault. In order to assess the structural evolution, I analyzed the orientations of geologic structures. I transcribed 1172 structures from previous mapping (to assess structures) and converted 186 maps into …

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The Governance Of Wolves In Transboundary Regions: A Triquetrous Study Of Ephemeral Agreements Transcending Sub-National And National Boundaries, Brett M. Parks Dec 2013

The Governance Of Wolves In Transboundary Regions: A Triquetrous Study Of Ephemeral Agreements Transcending Sub-National And National Boundaries, Brett M. Parks

Natural Resources

Contradictory management objectives in adjacent jurisdictions can affect transboundary wolves and their associated socio-ecological systems. Elite interviews and case study methodology were used in this thesis to explore three transboundary wolf management agreements, their effectiveness, and their impacts on wolves, ecosystems and stakeholders. Separate agreements between the State of Alaska and: Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve, and Denali National Park and Preserve, and an agreement between Italy and Switzerland show that despite a diversity of socio-ecological contexts, approaches, and hierarchical level of actors, transboundary wolf agreements are prone to ephemerality. The ephemerality of these agreements appears to be due primarily to …

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Anonymous Gift Provides Competitive Edge For Recruiting Brass Players, Katie Morrison Dec 2013

Anonymous Gift Provides Competitive Edge For Recruiting Brass Players, Katie Morrison

University of Mississippi News

No abstract provided.

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Chancellor's Report 2013-12, John Pugh Dec 2013

Chancellor's Report 2013-12, John Pugh

Chancellor's Report

No abstract provided.

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Chancellor's Philanthropy Report 2013 Winter, John Pugh Dec 2013

Chancellor's Philanthropy Report 2013 Winter, John Pugh

Chancellor's Report

No abstract provided.

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Soundings 2013-12-17, N/A N/A Dec 2013

Soundings 2013-12-17, N/A N/A

Soundings

No abstract provided.

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Rapid Thinning And Collapse Of Lake Calving Yakutat Glacier, Southeast Alaska, Barbara Lea Trüssel Dec 2013

Rapid Thinning And Collapse Of Lake Calving Yakutat Glacier, Southeast Alaska, Barbara Lea Trüssel

Geosciences

Glaciers around the globe are experiencing a notable retreat and thinning, triggered by atmospheric warming. Tidewater glaciers in particular have received much attention, because they have been recognized to contribute substantially to global sea level rise. How-ever, lake calving glaciers in Alaska show increasingly high thinning and retreat rates and are therefore contributors to sea level rise. The number of such lake calving systems is increasing worldwide as land-terminating glaciers retreat into overdeepened basins and form proglacial lakes. Yakutat Glacier in Southeast Alaska is a low elevation lake calving glacier with an accumulation to total area ratio of 0.03. It …

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Jakobshavn Isbr�_: Velocity Variations From Hourly To Decadal Time Scales At Greenland's Fastest Tidewater Glacier, David Bryan Podrasky Dec 2013

Jakobshavn Isbr�_: Velocity Variations From Hourly To Decadal Time Scales At Greenland's Fastest Tidewater Glacier, David Bryan Podrasky

Geosciences

Outlet glaciers in Greenland, and elsewhere, have recently shown large variations in terminus position and ice flux. One example is the tidewater retreat of Jakobshavn Isbr�_, which began in the late 1990s with high thinning rates, acceleration and collapse of the floating glacier tongue. The retreat has continued to the present, with glacier speeds more than doubling in two decades' time. A campaign of in-situ measurements was initiated in 2006 with the aim of determining the importance of short-term forcing as a control on the continuing evolution of the glacier. Three years of continuous GPS measurements along the centerline of …

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Satellite To Model Comparisons Of Volcanic Ash Emissions In The North Pacific, Torge S. Steensen Dec 2013

Satellite To Model Comparisons Of Volcanic Ash Emissions In The North Pacific, Torge S. Steensen

Geosciences

To detect, analyze and predict the movement of volcanic ash in real time, dispersion models and satellite remote sensing data are important. A combination of both approaches is discussed here to enhance the techniques currently used to quantify volcanic ash emissions, based on case studies of the eruptions of the Kasatochi (Alaska, USA, 2008), Mount Redoubt (Alaska, USA, 2009) and Sarychev Peak (Russia, 2009) volcanoes. Results suggest a quantitative approach determining masses from satellite images can be problematic due to uncertainties in knowledge of input values, most importantly the ground surface temperature required in the mass retrieval. Furthermore, a volcanic …

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Two Years Of High-Resolution Airborne Imagery And Value-Added Products For The Barrow Environmental Observatory, Jessica Cherry, Joe Lovick, Kerri Crowder, Keith Cunningham, Julien Schroder Dec 2013

Two Years Of High-Resolution Airborne Imagery And Value-Added Products For The Barrow Environmental Observatory, Jessica Cherry, Joe Lovick, Kerri Crowder, Keith Cunningham, Julien Schroder

Research Posters

Optical and thermal infrared imagery were collected by UAF at the Arctic NGEE Intensive sites in 2012 and 2013.

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Seasonal And Interannual Patterns Of Larvaceans And Pteropods In The Coastal Gulf Of Alaska, And Their Relationship To Pink Salmon Survival, Ayla Doubleday Dec 2013

Seasonal And Interannual Patterns Of Larvaceans And Pteropods In The Coastal Gulf Of Alaska, And Their Relationship To Pink Salmon Survival, Ayla Doubleday

Marine Biology

Larvacean (=appendicularians) and pteropod (Limacina helicina) composition and abundance were studied with physical variables each May and late summer across 11 years (2001 to 2011), along one transect that crosses the continental shelf of the subarctic Gulf of Alaska and five stations within Prince William Sound (PWS). Collection with 53-µm plankton nets allowed the identification of larvaceans to species: five occurred in the study area. Temperature was the driving variable in determining larvacean community composition, yielding pronounced differences between spring and late summer, while individual species were also affected differentially by salinity and chlorophyll-a concentration. During the spring Oikopleura labradoriensis …

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