Digital Commons Network^™

Foreign In A Domestic Sense: American Samoa And The Last U.S. Nationals, Sean Morrison

UC Law Constitutional Quarterly

Citizenship is part of the foundation of being American. Yet the United States treats some of its own as second class citizens. Deep in the South Pacific, forgotten amidst the vast ocean and coconuts, is a small series of islands that represent the only U.S. jurisdiction below the equator. American Samoa remains the last American territory that does not recognize its inhabitants as citizens. For more than a century, American Samoans have fought American wars, pledged allegiance to the American flag, and played a significant amount of American football, yet are categorized as U.S. nationals rather than citizens.

Recently, some …

Too Big To Jail Or Too Abstract (Or Rich?) To Care, Victor B. Flatt

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Cyber-Conflict, Cyber-Crime, And Cyber-Espionage, David Weissbrodt

Articles

Computers and the Internet have changed and are continuing to change the way governments, militaries, businesses, and other organs of society manage their activities. While computers can improve efficiency, they are vulnerable to cyber-attack, cyber-crime, and cyber-espionage. 1 The international community, states, and businesses are still adapting to the unique set of challenges posed by cyber-attack, cyber-crime, and cyber-espionage. States are creating military operations that specialize in cyber-attack and defense to adapt to these relatively new threats to national security operations. 2

Situating Women In Counterterrorism Discourses: Undulating Masculinities And Liminal Femininities, Fionnuala Ní Aoláin

Articles

The preoccupation with the challenges posed by violent actors has long existed for many states, whether such actors are characterized as terrorists or insurgents, nonstate or paramilitary actors. The events of September 11, 2001, brought a new urgency and vibrancy to state action in the realm of counterterrorism, illustrated by both the response of national legal systems as well as more concerted efforts to achieve multilateral and multilevel counterterrorism reactions on the international plane.1 From a feminist perspective, it is notable that terrorism and counterterrorism have long been of marginal interest to mainstream feminist legal theorizing.2 This is partly because …

Graduate Bulletin 2013-2014, Cuny John Jay College

College Bulletins

Covers academic year 2013-2014

Shocks And Bribri Agriculture Past And Present, Paula Posas

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

The Bribri have a multifaceted agricultural system relatively high in agrobiodiversity in one of the most biodiverse regions on earth, the forests of Southern Costa Rica. Their agriculture and resource use patterns appear to have evolved over many centuries, informed by traditional ecological knowledge and cultural beliefs about the natural world. Tracing the history of Bribri agriculture from the oldest available documents from the first European contact offers evidence of centuries of crop cultivation, while review of the past century’s records shows socio-economic and natural shocks as key drivers of agricultural change rather than population growth or market pressures. Bribri …

Inter-American War Game, Wargaming Department, Shawn W. Burns, Dustin Martin, Keith Powell

Game Reports

The 2013 Inter-American War Game (IAWG) was hosted by the U.S. Naval War College. The IAWG is intended to provide an opportunity for professional exchange of views among maritime war colleges in the Western Hemisphere, ultimately to enhance multinational cooperation among our maritime forces.

The 2013 IAWG was organized into an on-line planning phase in Feb 2013, an on- line execution phase in May 2013, and Closing Conference analysis phase in Aug 2013.

IAWG countries include: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, United States, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Invitations were to participate were provided to …

Revolutionary Risks: Cyber Technology And Threats In The 2011 Libyan Revolution, John Scott-Railton

CIWAG Case Studies

(IWS/03 - Irregular Warfare Studies, book 3)

The 2011 Libyan revolution was marked by the intensive use of cyber technology. Using decentralized ways of connecting, such as two-way satellite Internet, the Libyan opposition almost completely bypassed the government's sophisticated Internet monitoring equipment and effectively ended the ability of the Gaddafi regime to control Internet access. Still, electronic actors working on behalf of the regime attacked opposition computers by exploiting key human vulnerabilities.

Ciwag - Annual Symposium Report - 2013, The U.S. Naval War College

CIWAG Events

The Center on Irregular Warfare and Armed Groups presented its fifth annual symposium, “Irregular Warfare: Afghanistan and Beyond,” on June 26-27, 2013. More than 60 U.S. and international academics and practitioners attended to discuss the challenges associated with irregular warfare and armed groups.

Prism Vol. 4, No. 2, Center For Complex Operations

PRISM (Full PDF Issues)

This journal volume consists of featured articles that examine critical global issues, beginning with an analysis of U.S. interests in the aftermath of the Arab Spring and strategies for safeguarding these interests. Additional articles delve into military and interagency readiness. This includes discussions on civilian protection in an evolving military environment, the role of defense in building partner capabilities, and the complex relationship between economics and security. The "From the Field" section provides a detailed examination of Sri Lanka’s rehabilitation program as an innovative approach to counterterrorism and counterinsurgency. The "Lessons Learned" section reflects on enduring insights from a decade …

Piracy Definitions In Domestic And Regional Systems, The Pilpg

War Crimes Memoranda

No abstract provided.

Narratives Of Mass Violence: The Role Of Memory And Memorialization In Addressing Human Rights Violations In Post-Conflict Rwanda And Uganda, Carla De Yeaza, Nicole Fox

Societies Without Borders

This paper explores the question of what do Rwandans and Ugandans working on memorialization initiatives deem important when discussing the role of individual and collective memory in the aftermath of mass violence and human rights violations. Social scientists and human rights scholars have asserted the importance of memory in both reconciliation and healing after mass violence. However, it is difficult to determine the most appropriate way to facilitate reconciliation between groups who previously raped, stole from or killed one another, as there is no “one-size-fits-all” approach. While policies cannot remedy the murder of one’s family, scholars, activists and practitioners argue …

The Noachide Dispersion In English Mappae Mundi C. 960 – C. 1130, Marcia Kupfer

Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture

No abstract provided.

Sedentism, Social Change, Warfare, And The Bow In The Ancient Pueblo Southwest, Paul F. Reed, Phil R. Geib

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

In the ancient American Southwest, use of the bow developed relatively rapidly among Pueblo people by the fifth century AD. This new technology replaced the millennia-old atlatl and dart weaponry system. Roughly 150 years later in the AD 600s, Pueblo socioeconomic organization began to evolve rapidly, as many groups adopted a much more sedentary life. Multiple factors converged to allow this sedentary pattern to emerge, but the role of the bow in this process has not been fully explored. In this paper, we trace the development of the bow and discuss its role as sedentism emerged and social changes occurred …

A Study On The Efficacy Of The Kampala Amendments For Suppression Of Aggression: Examined By The Case Of Armed Conflicts In The Korean Peninsula, Nu Ri Jung

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Undergraduate Symposium, 2013, College Of Arts & Sciences

Undergraduate Symposium Programs

No abstract provided.

The Other Missouri Model: Systemic Juvenile Injustice In The Show-Me State, Mae C, Quinn

Journal Articles

For years Missouri has been touted as a model for juvenile justice. Stakeholders and commentators continually declare that the Show-Me State – with its “Missouri Model” – employs the most modern and innovative ap-proaches when it comes to treatment of court-involved youth. This account is reflected in press coverage, television news shows, and agency white papers. But this is only part of the picture; there is much more happening in Missouri when it comes to juveniles. However, this “other” part of the story seldom has been openly discussed – until now.1. This Article seeks to contrast the rosy picture painted …

Behind The Flag Of Dunant: Secrecy And The Compliance Mission Of The International Committee Of The Red Cross, Steven Ratner

Book Chapters

In the world where most NGOs see their role in the international legal process as public advocacy, often through naming and shaming, the International Committee of the Red Cross stands apart. Much of its work consists of confidential visits and secret communications to warring parties. It rarely identifies violators publicly; it leaves its legal position on many issues ambiguous; and at times it avoids legal discourse entirely. This aversion to transparency is not only at odds with the assumptions of the naming and shaming strategy regarding the most effective means to induce compliance. It also makes it almost impossible for …

Criminalizing Extrajudicial Killings, Erin Creegan

Denver Journal of International Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Violence's Law Israel's Campaign To Transform International Legal Norms, George Bisharat

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Lasix And Horseracing: Till Death Do Them Part, Wes Bright

Kentucky Journal of Equine, Agriculture, & Natural Resources Law

No abstract provided.

Online Deception Detection Using Bdi Agents, Richard Alan Merritts

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

This research has two facets within separate research areas. The research area of Belief, Desire and Intention (BDI) agent capability development was extended. Deception detection research has been advanced with the development of automation using BDI agents. BDI agents performed tasks automatically and autonomously. This study used these characteristics to automate deception detection with limited intervention of human users. This was a useful research area resulting in a capability general enough to have practical application by private individuals, investigators, organizations and others. The need for this research is grounded in the fact that humans are not very effective at detecting …

Cooperation And Litigation Thoughts On The American Experience, Richard L. Marcus

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Toward Comprehensive Reform Of America's Emergency Law Regime, Patrick A. Thronson

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Unbenownst to most Americans, the United States is presently under thirty presidentially declared states of emergency. They confer vast powers on the Executive Branch, including the ability to financially incapacitate any person or organization in the United States, seize control of the nation's communications infrastructure, mobilize military forces, expand the permissible size of the military without congressional authorization, and extend tours of duty without consent from service personnel. Declared states of emergency may also activate Presidential Emergency Action Documents and other continuity-of-government procedures, which confer powers on the President-such as the unilateral suspension of habeas corpus-that appear fundamentally opposed to …

A Critical Patriotism For Urban Schooling: A Call For A Pedagogy Against Fear And Denial And For Democracy, Peter Mclaren

Education Faculty Articles and Research

"I intend to reflect upon the tragic irony of the current crisis of education that leads to Stan Karp (2011) to characterize it as follows: “If you support testing, charters, merit pay, the elimination of tenure and seniority, and control of school policy by corporate managers you’re a ‘reformer.’ If you support increased school funding, collective bargaining, and control of school policy by educators, you’re a ‘defender of the status quo.’” Largely as a result of huge marketing campaigns in the corporate media, it is the ideological right wing who now claims the mantle of reformer and progressive teachers and …

Table Of Contents

Journal of Business & Technology Law

No abstract provided.

Journal Of The Book Of Mormon And Other Restoration Scripture Volume 22 Issue 2, Neal A. Maxwell Institute For Religious Scholarship

Journal of Book of Mormon Studies

No abstract provided.

The Right To Quantitative Privacy, David Gray, Danielle Citron

Minnesota Law Review, Vols. 1-106:1 (1917-2021)

No abstract provided.

The Duty To Capture, Jens David Ohlin

Minnesota Law Review, Vols. 1-106:1 (1917-2021)

No abstract provided.

Future War, Future Law, Eric Talbot Jensen

Minnesota Journal of International Law, Vols 1-28:1 (1992-2019)

No abstract provided.