Digital Commons Network^™

Signatures Of Rapid Evolution In Urban And Rural Transcriptomes Of White-Footed Mice (Peromyscus Leucopus) In The New York Metropolitan Area, Stephen Edward Harris, Jason Munshi-South, Craig Oberfell, Rachel O'Neill

Publications and Research

Urbanization is a major cause of ecological degradation around the world, and human settlement in large cities is accelerating. New York City (NYC) is one of the oldest and most urbanized cities in North America, but still maintains 20% vegetation cover and substantial populations of some native wildlife. The white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus, is a common resident of NYC’s forest fragments and an emerging model system for examining the evolutionary consequences of urbanization. In this study, we developed transcriptomic resources for urban P. leucopus to examine evolutionary changes in protein-coding regions for an exemplar “urban adapter.” We used Roche 454 …

The Bg News August 28, 2013, Bowling Green State University

BG News (Student Newspaper)

The BGSU campus student newspaper. August 28, 2013. Volume 93-Issue 3.

Influence Of Sediment Redox Conditions On Uranium Mobilisation During Saline Intrusion, Jane Eagling, Paul J. Worsfold, William H. Blake, Miranda J. Keith-Roach

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Health Disparities In Colorectal Cancer Screening In United States: Race/Ethnicity Or Shifting Paradigms?, Adina Williams, Kirk Dabney, Holmes Laurens Jr

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The incidence, mortality, and screening vary by race/ethnicity, with African Americans and Hispanics being disproportionately represented. Early detection through screening prolongs survival and decreases mortality. CRC screening (CRCS) varies by race/ethnicity, with lower prevalence rates observed among minorities, but the factors associated with such disparities remain to be fully understood. The current study aimed to examine the ethnic/racial disparities in the prevalence of CRCS, and the explanatory factors therein in a large sample of U.S. residents, using the National Health Interview Survey, 2003. …

Health Disparity And Structural Violence: How Fear Undermines Health Among Immigrants At Risk For Diabetes, Janet Page-Reeves, Joshua D. Niforatos, Shiraz Mishra, Lidia Regino, Andrew Gingerich, Robert Bulten

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Diabetes is a national health problem, and the burden of the disease and its consequences particularly affect Hispanics. While social determinants of health models have improved our conceptualization of how certain contexts and environments influence an individual's ability to make healthy choices, a structural violence framework transcends traditional uni-dimensional analysis. Thus, a structural violence approach is capable of revealing dynamics of social practices that operate across multiple dimensions of people’s lives in ways that may not immediately appear related to health. Working with a Hispanic immigrant community in Albuquerque, New Mexico, we demonstrate how structural forces simultaneously directly inhibit access …

Development, Implementation, And Assessment Of Health Equity Action Training (Heat): Implications For Local Health Departments, Karen A. D'Angelo, Carmen Chaparro, Rita Kornblum, Grace Damio, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

As inequities in health persistently plague our nation, rates of chronic disease continue to escalate, and increasing health care costs further debilitate our economy, the profession of public health is faced with monumental challenges. As a central community health institution, the local public health department plays an essential role in eliminating health inequities and preventing chronic disease. With the objective of preparing the local public health workforce to address the root factors associated with health, the Health Equity Action Training project trained 85 staff of the Hartford Department of Health & Human Services in the social determinants of health, social …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 1, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• French, Jackson. State, Normal Streets Reduced to 15 MPH – Speed Limit
• French, Jackson. Grise Elevator Offline for Semester
• French, Jackson. Pearce Ford Tower’s Sex Changes
• Watson, Paul. Students Buzzing About Downing Student Union Starbucks Location
• Crumbie, Trey. Administration Looks to Recruit Fewer, But More Qualified Students
• Parker, Jacob. Crime Down from Spring, Up from Last Summer
• Crumbie, Trey. Parking & Transportation Services Adds 3 Buses to White Line
• Burton, Kristina. WKU Alumnus Chief Operating Officer of Lonely Planet – Daniel Houghton
• Vogt, Darren. Editorial Cartoon re: WKU Growth …

Nominations Open For Konneker Medal For Commercialization And Entrepreneurship, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

The Prospector, August 27, 2013, Utep Student Publications

The Prospector

Back to School Issue

A Bond Valence-Based Force Field: A Multi-Body Approach, Matthew Harris Davis

Theses and Dissertations

The typical form for a molecular mechanics force field consists of a foundation of pair-wise terms to describe bonded and non-bonded atomic interactions, with multi-body correction terms to deal with the limitations of pair-wise terms. I present here the first attempts of a molecular mechanics model that is founded on multi-body terms, which are based on the Bond Valence Model (Brown, 2002) and recent developments in the Vectorial Bond Valence Model (Bickmore et al., 2013a; Harvey et al., 2006). I calibrated these models on pressure vs. energy curves for a set of SiO2 polymorphs. The average deviation for the best-fit …

The Current Volume 24 : Issue 2, Nova Southeastern University

Student Newspapers

No abstract provided.

Study Explains How The Brain Remembers Pleasure And Its Implications For Addiction, Greg Williams

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Science And Policy On Endocrine Disrupters Must Not Be Mixed: A Reply To A “Common Sense” Intervention By Toxicology Journal Editors, Åke Bergman, Anna-Maria Andersson, Georg Becher, Martin Van Den Berg, Bruce Blumberg, Poul Bjerregaard, Carl-Gustaf Bornehag, Riana Bornman, Ingvar Brandt, Jayne V. Brian, Stephanie C. Casey, Paul A. Fowler, Heloise Frouin, Linda C. Giudice, Taisen Iguchi, Ulla Hass, Susan Jobling, Anders Juul, Karen A. Kidd, Andreas Kortenkamp, Monica Lind, Olwenn V. Martin, Derek Muir, Roseline Ochieng, Nicolas Olea, Leif Norrgren, Erik Ropstad, Peter S. Ross, Christina Rudén, Martin Scheringer, Niels Erik Skakkebaek, Olle Söder, Carlos Sonnenschein, Ana Soto, Shanna Swan, Jorma Toppari, Charles R. Tyler, Laura N. Vandenberg, Anne Marie Vinggaard, Karin Wiberg, R Thomas Zoeller

Family Medicine, East Africa

The “common sense” intervention by toxicology journal editors regarding proposed European Union endocrine disrupter regulations ignores scientific evidence and well-established principles of chemical risk assessment. In this commentary, endocrine disrupter experts express their concerns about a recently published, and is in our considered opinion inaccurate and factually incorrect, editorial that has appeared in several journals in toxicology. Some of the shortcomings of the editorial are discussed in detail. We call for a better founded scientific debate which may help to overcome a polarisation of views detrimental to reaching a consensus about scientific foundations for endocrine disrupter regulation in the EU.

Effects Of Metabolic Rate On Muscle Cell Phospholipid Profile, Aaron Miller, Danny Sims, Dr. Steven Wood

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Animal and human cell membranes are composed primarily of phospholipids that form a bi-layer around the cell. Phospholipids play a crucial role in cell membrane function by regulating fluidity and structure. Alterations in the cell membrane composition can drastically affect cell function and metabolism. The purpose of our research study was to identify muscle cell membrane compositional changes due to exercise and muscular dystrophy. Also, we sought to identify the specific chemical changes occurring in the cell membrane by characterizing the structures of the cell membrane phospholipids using mass spectrometry.

Ovarian Cyst Development In Dairy Cattle, Rachael G. Johnson, Dr. Roy W. Silcox, Dr. John S. Gardner

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Ovarian cysts are follicular structures greater than 25 mm in diameter present on an ovary for 10 days or more in the absence of a corpus luteum 1. These cysts halt the normal ovarian cycle and reduce the fertility of the female. Cysts occur in all domestic livestock species, as well as rats, humans, and other primates. The incidence of cystic ovarian disease (COD) in dairy cattle has a significant economic impact on the dairy industry since cows that produce the most milk are often those affected by COD.

The Pan American (2013-08-27), Susan Gonzalez, Andrew Vera

UTPA Archives - The Pan American Newspaper

Vol. 70, No. 1

Intraspecific Life History Variation In The Knife-Edged Livebearer Alfaro Cultratus (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) From Costa Rica, Lacey Nay, Dr. Jerry Johnson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

A species’ life history traits, including growth and reproduction, follow patterns of natural selection. Evolution is driven by natural selection which, in short, can be described as the ability of an organism to conform to its environment (Pianka 2000). Individuals possessing those traits that are more favorable in a specific environment tend to have higher rates of survival and reproduction, causing those traits to become more prevalent in the population. In this manner, a trait is “selected for” by nature. Life history evolution is based on the concept of trade-offs. The more energy an individual expends on growth, the less …

Pcr Genotyping And Analysis Of Bacteriocin Production By Natural Salmonella Isolates For Potential Use As Inhibitors Of Pathogenic Salmonella, Ramesh Tiwari, Dr. Brent Nielsen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Salmonella is a genus of bacteria that is a major cause of food borne illness throughout the world. Species of Salmonella like S. thyphimurium and S. enteriditis still pose significant health problems. Poultry and egg products are the main food sources infected by these species (Portrait et al. 1999). The main problem with these infections is their rapid spread among the infected species (in a flock). An infected bird (which has Salmonella infection in its intestinal tract) or a flock of birds can transfer the infection to others rapidly even before the appearance of symptoms and thus the urgency of …

Binding Site Sequence Motifs Estrogen Receptor Mediation Of Transcriptional Repression By Interactions Determined By Cis-Regulatory Dna Sequences, Brianna Teerlink, Dr. Chin-Yo Lin

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Breast cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer deaths in women in the United States and affects millions each year. Much of the current research on hormonal regulation in breast cancer systems focuses on up-regulation of genes (increased rates of transcription) by estrogen receptors (ERs); however, repression, or down-regulation, of genes can also play a significant role in estrogen-responsive expression of genes. (Lin et al., 2004) Since the mechanisms of down-regulation, or gene repression, have not been well-studied, information on repression becomes a foundation for potential future application of hormonal down-regulation to other cancer systems and biological processes.

Acetaminophen Induced Dna Damage Evaluated With The Single Cell Gel Assay, Karl A. Kirby, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Acetaminophen is a popular non-prescription analgesic and antipyretic drug. Therefore, studies concerning its effects on human DNA are of great value. In this study, the single cell gel, or comet assay, was used to study the extent of Acetaminophen induced DNA damage at varying concentrations and times. The human lymphocyte Raji cell line was used for the experiments.

Inflammation And Apoptosis In Developing Dmm, Cho, And Sedc Articular Cartilage: The Role Of The Unfolded Protein Response (Upr), Caitlin Nichols, Dr. Laura Bridgewater

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Dmm, cho, and sedc mutations in mice collagen genes activate unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways in developing cartilage tissues. The inflammation or cell death triggered by the UPR may contribute to the weakened articular cartilage and premature osteoarthritis (OA) observed in these mouse lines.

Aqueous Polymer Nanografting: Afm Patterning Of Polymers On Oxide Surfaces, Brian Davis, Dr. Robert Davis

Journal of Undergraduate Research

We have developed a biologically gentle technique of creating nanoscale (< 20 nm) chemical patterns. The technique is compatible with the creation of multiple patterns on a surface with the option of having different chemicals in each distinct patterned area.

The Effect Of Selenium On Nuclear Factor-Κb And Androgen Receptor Expression In Human Prostate Cancer Cells, Daniel Tandberg, Dr. Merrill J. Christensen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

According to the American Cancer Society prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer, as well as the second most common cause of cancer death in the United States. The trace mineral and essential nutrient selenium has been established as a promising chemopreventive element for prostate cancer. Plant foods are the best source of selenium; however, the selenium content of plants varies significantly based on the soil in which it was grown in. This study attempted to provide further insight into the molecular mechanism by which selenium effects cancer development. Specifically we looked at the expression of the Nuclear …

The Study Of Genetic Mutations Resulting In Dwarfism, Jonathon Jackson, Dr. Robert Seegmiller

Journal of Undergraduate Research

As has been outlined, I am submitting this report of the accomplishments that have been made over the past semester in conjunction with the 1,000 dollar award that I received from your office.

Self-Regulatory Depletion Increases Emotional Reactivity In The Amygdala, Dylan D. Wagner, Todd F. Heatherton

Dartmouth Scholarship

The ability to self-regulate can become impaired when people are required to engage in successive acts of effortful self-control, even when self-control occurs in different domains. Here, we used functional neuroimaging to test whether engaging in effortful inhibition in the cognitive domain would lead to putative dysfunction in the emotional domain. Forty-eight participants viewed images of emotional scenes during functional magnetic resonance imaging in two sessions that were separated by a challenging attention control task that required effortful inhibition (depletion group) or not (control group). Compared to the control group, depleted participants showed increased activity in the left amygdala to …

Mscs-Like Mechanosensitive Channels In Plants And Microbes, Margaret E. Wilson, Grigory Maksaev, Elizabeth S. Haswell

Biology Faculty Research

The challenge of osmotic stress is something all living organisms must face as a result of environmental dynamics. Over the past three decades, innovative research and cooperation across disciplines have irrefutably established that cells utilize mechanically gated ion channels to release osmolytes and prevent cell lysis during hypoosmotic stress. Early electrophysiological analysis of the inner membrane of Escherichia coli identified the presence of three distinct mechanosensitive activities. The subsequent discoveries of the genes responsible for two of these activities, the mechanosensitive channels of large (MscL) and small (MscS) conductance, led to the identification of two diverse families of mechanosensitive channels. …

Method For Making Self-Assembling, Collagen-Based Material For Corneal Replacement, W. Garrett Matthews, August Heim, Thomas J. Koob

USF Patents

A material derived from sea cucumber collagen fibrils is suitable for use in corneal replacements or as an implantable contact lens. To produce material, the collagen fibrils are centrifuged into orthogonal stacks of lamellae comprised of aligned fibrils. The resulting structure is a transparent film of arbitrary thickness very similar in structure to mammalian corneal tissue.

Atp-Bioluminescence Immunoassay, Daniel V. Lim, Dawn M. Hunter

USF Patents

Disclosed is a method and associated device for the rapid identification of viable bacterial contaminants in food products. The method detects viable microbes by using a combined ATP-bioluminescence immunoassay. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium were selected as target organisms in various matrices including ground beef homogenate, apple juice, milk, and phosphate-buffered saline. Specific antibodies were immobilized on the surface of well plates in which the sample matrices were incubated. The plates were washed, and the wells were incubated with BacTiter-Glo reagent in Mueller-Hinton II broth. Bioluminescent output was measured with a luminometer and signal-to-noise ratios were calculated. …

Division Of Labor Within The Household: The Experience Of Bosnian Immigrant Women In Portland, Oregon, Miro Paljevic

Dissertations and Theses

This research study examines the impact of international migration of household labor for Bosnian immigrant women living in Portland, Oregon. Bosnia is a society with enduring patriarchal traditions which assume that women are in charge of doing household chores. Men are in charge of providing for the family monetarily. Many Bosnian families migrated to the U.S. in the mid 1990's in order to escape the war in Bosnia. In this study I interview 10 of these Bosnian women, concerning the division of labor in their homes in Bosnia and their homes in U.S. After migrating to the U.S. the amount …

Thinking Aloud In The Science Classroom: Can A Literacy Strategy Increase Student Learning In Science?, Lindsey Joan Mockel

Dissertations and Theses

This research study investigated the effect of using the think aloud protocol while reading informational text on students' ability to learn from text in a secondary science classroom. The participants in this study were high school students (n=47) in three classes of a mixed-grade Integrated Biology, Chemistry, and Physics course. The study tracked student achievement during a four-week curriculum unit on the theory of evolution and evidence for biological evolution. All students received instruction on using the think aloud protocol, and all students practiced the think aloud protocol when reading short articles related to scientific evidence for evolution. The researcher …