Digital Commons Network^™

The Role Of Reinforcement On Cognitive Control And The Differences Between Adults And Children, Jacquelyn Helen Dziadosz

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to examine the way in which motivation affects cognitive control in both children and adults. Cognitive control has been defined as the ability to represent and maintain goal information. Cognitive control involves basic processing abilities such as working memory, inhibition, attention, and cognitive flexibility.

Documentation Of Hiv Prevention Research And Programmatic Learnings From India—Selected Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications From The Knowledge Network Project (Volume 1), Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Over the past decade (2000–11), India has achieved dramatic successes in reversing the HIV epidemic. These successes are largely due to the implementation of upscaled HIV-prevention interventions by the National AIDS Control Organization, two other donors, and nongovernmental organizations, under the National AIDS Control Program III. As the epidemic in India is concentrated in vulnerable subpopulations, these interventions were focused on high-risk groups. It is important to understand the lessons learned from the implementation of HIV-prevention programs and the vulnerabilities that need to be addressed to reach the goal of zero new infections. To support this understanding, the Population Council …

The Effect Of Socioeconomic Status On Student Perceptions Of Instructional Communication Behaviors, Samuel A. Crecelius

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In spite of desegregation and efforts to provide equitableEducation for all students, minorities and students living in poverty continue to underperform their peers.Education theorists have attributed this achievement gap to a cultural mismatch between students and their teachers and schools. At the same time, instructional communication research has found that cultural differences may influence student perceptions of teacher communication behaviors and that these behaviors have an effect on learning outcomes. Interestingly, while race has received extensive study in the instructional communication literature, little research has examined the role of socioeconomic status on students' perceptions of instructor communication behaviors. The current …

Health Communication Closely Tied To Culture, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Fluorescence Spectra And Elastic Scattering Characteristics Of Atmospheric Aerosol In Las Cruces, New Mexico, Usa: Variability Of Concentrations And Possible Constituents And Sources Of Particles In Various Spectral Clusters, R.G. Pinnick, E. Fernandez, J.M. Rosen, S.C. Hill, Y. Wang, Y.L. Pan

United States Army: Publications

The UV-excited laser-induced-fluorescence (UV-LIF) spectra of single atmospheric particles and the three-band integrating-nephelometer elastic scattering of atmospheric aerosol were measured during four approximately 24-h periods on May 2007 in Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA. Aerosol scattering measurements in the nephelometer red channel (50-nm band centered at 700-nm) ranged from around 3e10 times the molecular (Rayleigh) scattering background. On average 22.8% of particles with size greater than about 1 μm diameter have fluorescence above a preset fluorescence threshold. A hierarchical cluster analysis indicates that most of the single-particle UV-LIF spectra fall into about 10 categories (spectral clusters) as found previously at …

Improving Species Occupancy Estimation When Sampling Violates The Closure Assumption, Clint R.V. Otto, Larissa L. Bailey, Gary J. Roloff

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Site occupancy models that account for imperfect detection of species are increasingly utilized in ecological research and wildlife monitoring. Occupancy models require replicate surveys to estimate detection probability over a time period where the occupancy status at sampled sites is assumed closed. Unlike mark – recapture models, few studies have examined how violations of closure can bias occupancy estimates. Our study design allowed us to diff erentiate among two processes that violate the closure assumption during a sampling season: 1) repeated destructive sampling events that result in either shortor long-term site avoidance by the target species and 2) sampling occurring …

Criminalizing Normal Adolescent Behavior In Communities Of Color: The Role Of Prosecutors In Juvenile Justice Reform, Kristin Henning

Cornell Law Review

No abstract provided.

Afraid To Help: Social Anxiety Partially Mediates The Association Between 5-Httlpr Triallelic Genotype And Prosocial Behavior, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Christa C. Christ, Gustavo Carlo

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

There is growing evidence that the serotonin system influences prosocial behavior. We examined whether anxiety mediated the association between variation in the serotonin transporter gene regulatory region (5-HTTLPR) and prosocial behavior. We collected self-reported tendencies to avoid certain situations and history of helping others using standard instruments and buccal cells for standard 5-HTTLPR genotyping from 398 undergraduate students. Triallelic 5-HTTLPR genotype was significantly associated with prosocial behavior and the effect was partially mediated by social anxiety, such that those carrying the S′ allele reported higher levels of social avoidance and lower rates of helping others. These results are consistent with …

Effect Of Caloric Restriction And Ampk Activation On Hepatic Nuclear Receptor, Biotransformation Enzyme, And Transporter Expression In Lean And Obese Mice, Supriya R. Kulkarni, Jialin Xu, Ajay C. Donepudi, Wei Wei, Angela L. Slitt

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Purpose: Fatty liver alters liver transporter expression. Caloric restriction (CR), the recommended therapy to reverse fatty liver, increases Sirtuin1 deacetylase activity in liver. This study evaluated whether CR and CR mimetics reversed obesity-induced transporter expression in liver and hepatocytes.

Methods: mRNA and protein expression was determined in adult lean (lean) and leptin-deficient obese (OB) mice fed ad libitum or placed on 40% (kCal) reduced diet. Hepatocytes were isolated from lean and OB mice, treated with AMP Kinase activators, and gene expression was determined.

Results: CR decreased Oatp1a1, Oatp1b2, and Abcb11 mRNA expression in lean, but not OB mice. CR increased …

Keap1 Knockdown Increases Markers Of Metabolic Syndrome After Long-Term High Fat Diet Feeding, Vijay R. More, Jialin Xu, Prajakta C. Shimpi, Clyde Belgrave, James P. Luyendyk, Masayuki Yamamoto, Angela L. Slitt

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)–Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) pathway upregulates antioxidant and biotransformation enzyme expression to counter cellular oxidative stress. The contributions of Nrf2 to other cellular functions, such as lipid homeostasis, are emerging. This study was conducted to determine how enhanced Nrf2 activity influences the progression of metabolic syndrome with long-term high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. C57BL/6 and Keap1-knockdown (Keap1-KD) mice, which exhibit enhanced Nrf2 activity, were fed a HFD for 24 weeks. Keap1-KD mice had higher body weight and white adipose tissue mass compared to C57BL/6 mice on HFD, along with increased inflammation and lipogenic gene …

Short-Term Treatment With Tolfenamic Acid Improves Cognitive Functions In Alzheimer's Disease Mice, Gehad M. Subaiea, Lina I. Adwan, Aseef H. Ahmed, Karen E. Stevens, Nasser H. Zawia

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Tolfenamic acid lowers the levels of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid beta (Aβ) when administered to C57BL/6 mice by lowering their transcriptional regulator specificity protein 1 (SP1). To determine whether changes upstream in the amyloidogenic pathway that forms Aβ plaques would improve cognitive outcomes, we administered tolfenamic acid for 34 days to hemizygous R1.40 transgenic mice. After the characterization of cognitive deficits in these mice, assessment of spatial learning and memory functions revealed that treatment with tolfenamic acid attenuated long-term memory and working memory deficits, determined using Morris water maze and the Y-maze. These improvements occurred within a …

Urinformed April 2013, Urinformed

URInformed: The URI Employees' Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Physiological And Psychological Responses To 911 Emergency Tapes, Jackie Hammelman

Theses and Dissertations

The news has become a central part of daily culture in the United States and provides up to date information regarding a vast array of topics from weather to war. A specific aspect of the news, emergency 911 tapes, and their influence on viewers' physiological and psychological health was investigated. Research regarding the relationship between physiological arousal and exposure to brief traumatic stimuli, as well as research addressing the development of pathological psychiatric symptoms are discussed in the literature review. This study examined the relationship between exposure to 911 emergency tapes, physiological arousal, and symptoms of psychopathology while considering the …

Mechanistic Insights Into Isoform-Dependent And Species-Specific Regulation Of Bile Salt Export Pump By Farnesoid X Receptor, Xiulong Song, Yuan Chen, Leila Valanejad, Rajani Kaimal, Bingfang Yan, Matthew Stoner, Ruitang Deng

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Expression of bile salt export pump (BSEP) is regulated by the bile acid/farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling pathway. Two FXR isoforms, FXRα1 and FXRα2, are predominantly expressed in human liver. We previously showed that human BSEP was isoform-dependently regulated by FXR and diminished with altered expression of FXRα1 and FXRα2 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we demonstrate that FXRα1 and FXRα2 regulate human BSEP through two distinct FXR responsive elements (FXRE): IR1a and IR1b. As the predominant regulator, FXRα2 potently transactivated human BSEP through IR1a, while FXRα1 weakly transactivated human BSEP through a newly identified IR1b. Relative …

Synthesis Of Novel Ciprofloxacin Analogues And Evaluation Of Their Anti-Proliferative Effect On Human Cancer Cell Lines, Narva Suresh, Hunsur Nagendra Nagesh, Kondapalli V. G. C. Sekhar, Anil Kumar, Amir N. Shirazi, Keykavous Parang

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

A series of twenty two novel 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(4-substituted piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid analogues have been synthesized, characterized (¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and LCMS) and evaluated for their inhibitory activity on the proliferation of human caucasian acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells (CCRF-CEM), breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB-468) and human colon carcinoma cells (HCT-116). Among all the synthesized ciprofloxacin analogues 3t at 50 μM showed comparable potency to doxorubicin (10 μM) in all three cell lines and 3j inhibited proliferation of MDA-MB-468 up to 35% selectively over other two cell lines.

[Refer to PDF for graphical abstract]

Carboxylesterase-2 Is A Highly Sensitive Target Of The Antiobesity Agent Orlistat With Profound Implications In The Activation Of Anticancer Prodrugs, Da Xiao, Deshi Shi, Dongfang Yang, Benjamin Barthel, Tad H. Koch, Bingfang Yan

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Orlistat has been the most used anti-obesity drug and the mechanism of its action is to reduce lipid absorption by inhibiting gastrointestinal lipases. These enzymes, like carboxylesterases (CESs), structurally belong to the α/β hydrolase fold superfamily. Lipases and CESs are functionally related as well. Some CESs (e.g., human CES1) have been shown to hydrolyze lipids. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that orlistat inhibits CESs with higher potency toward CES1 than CES2, a carboxylesterase with little lipase activity. Liver microsomes and recombinant CESs were tested for the inhibition of the hydrolysis of standard substrates and the anticancer prodrugs …

Impairment Of Trkb-Psd-95 Signaling In Angelman Syndrome, Cong Cao, Mengia S. Rioult-Pedotti, Paolo Migani, Crystal J. Yu, Rakesh Tiwari, Keykavous Parang, Mark R. Spaller, Dennis J. Goebel, John Marshall

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopment disorder characterized by severe cognitive impairment and a high rate of autism. AS is caused by disrupted neuronal expression of the maternally inherited Ube3A ubiquitin protein ligase, required for the proteasomal degradation of proteins implicated in synaptic plasticity, such as the activity-regulated cytoskeletalassociated protein (Arc/Arg3.1). Mice deficient in maternal Ube3A express elevated levels of Arc in response to synaptic activity, which coincides with severely impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus and deficits in learning behaviors. In this study, we sought to test whether elevated levels of Arc interfere with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) …

Matrix Microarchitecture And Myosin Ii Determine Adhesion In 3d Matrices, Kristopher Kubow

Selected Works

No abstract provided.

What Happens After The Professional Development: Case Studies On Implementing Gis In The Classroom, Robert Kolvoord

Selected Works

No abstract provided.

2013 Caap, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Assessment Center Reports

Collegiate Assessment of Academic Proficiency (CAAP) reports produced by the SWOSU Assessment Center

2013 Spring And Winter - Registration Guide, Office Of The Registrar, East Tennessee State University

Registration Resources

No abstract provided.

2013 - Etsu Fact Book, Institutional Research, East Tennessee State University

ETSU Fact Books

No abstract provided.

Treatment And Outcomes Of Female Patients Who Underwent Mastectomy For Breast Cancer At Yale New Haven Hospital From 2000-2005: Examination Of Recurrence Rates, Oluwatosin Oluwafunke Onibokun

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Introduction: Locoregional recurrence (LRR) and distant recurrence after mastectomy are very important clinical endpoints. It is well established that postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) plays an important role in the treatment of locally advanced breast cancer and in the prevention of locoregional and distant recurrence. There are also other prognostic factors such as nodal status, tumor size, and predictive factors such as hormone receptor status that are known to influence local and distant recurrence.

There are varying reports on the rates of LRR after mastectomy. This variation in published rates of LRR creates a limitation in adequately assessing risk and benefits …

Childhood Cancer In The Cinema: How The Celluloid Mirror Reflects Psychosocial Care, Jovana Pavisic

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Film is a powerful medium for sharing illness narratives, and can exert a significant influence on public medical discourse. The childhood cancer narrative has more recently emerged on the screen, and these images have yet to be analyzed. This study aims to evaluate the childhood cancer experience in commercially produced, readily available films with a character with childhood cancer, with a particular focus on psychosocial care. Twenty-nine films were reviewed, using quantitative and qualitative content analysis to identify the medical and psychosocial characteristics of the cinematic childhood cancer experience. Psychosocial support was rated on a five-point scale (0-4) based on …

Reconsidering A Weakened Regulation: A Critical Analysis Of Delisting In The Endangered Species Act, Crystal D. Anderson

Florida A & M University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Rights And Roles: Alaska Natives And Ocean And Coastal Subsistence Resources, Jordan Diamond, Greta Swanson, Kathryn Mengerink

Florida A & M University Law Review

This article explores the strengths and weaknesses of the two pillars of the framework for managing marine subsistence resources in Alaska: the pillar that protects Alaska Native rights to marine subsistence resources, and the pillar that protects the resources themselves. It focuses on how well the pillars support subsistence practices and Alaska Native leadership in the management framework. Part I summarizes the management challenge posed by the effects rapid climate change is causing in the Arctic, including impacts to the marine subsistence resources upon which Alaska Natives depend. Part II explores the laws and doctrines related to Alaska Native subsistence …

A Future Submerged: Implications Of Sea Level Rise For South Florida, Giselle Peruyera

Florida A & M University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Panama Trip Will Explore Biodiversity Hotspot, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

2013-2014 - Quillen College Of Medicine Operating Budget (July), Budget And Financial Planning, East Tennessee State University

College of Medicine Operating Budgets and Analysis

No abstract provided.

2013-2014 - Etsu General Academic Operating Budget (July), Budget And Financial Planning, East Tennessee State University

ETSU General Academic Operating Budgets and Analysis

No abstract provided.