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2013

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Fraud Prevention And Employee Rationalization In New York State Public Schools, Kathleen M. Slezak Jan 2013

Fraud Prevention And Employee Rationalization In New York State Public Schools, Kathleen M. Slezak

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Prompted by frequent media reports of school fraud and a lack of relevant K-12 literature, this research study was designed to investigate current fraud prevention practices in public school districts in New York State. Using a "fraud triangle" model, an analysis of existing legislation and professional practice guidelines reveals that an integral element is being overlooked in current fraud prevention efforts, namely employee attitudes (more formally rationalization).

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Socially Situated Identities Of Gay Gang- And Crime-Involved Men, Vanessa R. Panfil Jan 2013

Socially Situated Identities Of Gay Gang- And Crime-Involved Men, Vanessa R. Panfil

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Within the criminological literature, gay men have primarily been portrayed as victims of anti-gay bias crimes or intimate partner violence, or as sex workers and/or drug users. This coverage, which is limited in scope, largely fails to recognize that gay men have agency (choice or power to control the situation). It also provides an incomplete picture regarding gay men's involvement in gangs, violence, and crime.

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Negotiating Ethnosexual Difference In The Armenian Transnation, Nelli Sargsyan Jan 2013

Negotiating Ethnosexual Difference In The Armenian Transnation, Nelli Sargsyan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Since heteronormativity is an inextricable part of the ethnonationalist ideologies and discourses of Armenianness, conformity and transgression are communally policed both in the Republic of Armenia, as well as in the Armenian diaspora, albeit in different ways. In the diaspora it is through public silence regarding Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) and queer self-identified Armenians that hetero-belonging is managed. In the Republic of Armenia, on the other hand, it is managed through hate speech promoted by public figures and through mass media. In both cases the anxiety that the issue of non-heteronormativity points to in the public outcry is that …

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Risk Factors For Injection Versus Non-Injection Drug Use Among Men In Kermanshah City, Iran In 2005 : An Observational Study, Kamiar Alaei Jan 2013

Risk Factors For Injection Versus Non-Injection Drug Use Among Men In Kermanshah City, Iran In 2005 : An Observational Study, Kamiar Alaei

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

ABSTRACT

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Essays In Academic Intelligence And Security Education, Michael Landon-Murray Jan 2013

Essays In Academic Intelligence And Security Education, Michael Landon-Murray

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation consists of four essays. These essays challenge and build on existing scholarly study, filling critical research gaps--normative, empirical, and practical. The dissertation's critical literature review (Essay 1) identifies limits and needs in the field, also serving to situate the other three essays. Essay 2 urges a more precise dialogue on academic competencies for intelligence students, also discussing issues associated with designing and evaluating academic intelligence curricula on the basis of ODNI Core Competencies. It then offers a mechanism to help academic programs mitigate the narrow faculty expertise and "amateurism" issues noted in the literature. Essay 3 evaluates U.S. …

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Workplace Gossip As A Way Of Coping With Occupational Stress, Urszula Kakar Maria Jan 2013

Workplace Gossip As A Way Of Coping With Occupational Stress, Urszula Kakar Maria

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between workplace gossip and occupation stress. Gossip has been recognized as a ubiquitous and influential, yet seriously under researched phenomenon in the workplace. It has been acknowledged that research on workplace gossip is of great value because it constitutes a big part of organizational communication, it serves important functions, and it has serious consequences for members and organization itself. The small number of studies may be in part explained by the lack of agreement among researchers on the definition of gossip.

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Social Interaction And Youth Smoking, Min Chen Jan 2013

Social Interaction And Youth Smoking, Min Chen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Young people are psychologically immature, and are easy to be influenced by others to engage in risky behaviors. Based on the data from the NLSY79, this dissertation examines how maternal smoking, sibling smoking, and living in urban and rural areas impact on youth smoking decisions.

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Developing A Typology Of Juvenile Sex Offenders, Creaig Anthony Dunton Jan 2013

Developing A Typology Of Juvenile Sex Offenders, Creaig Anthony Dunton

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Understanding juvenile sex offenders is of the utmost importance in order to ensure effective treatment and reduce recidivism. A more thorough recognition of this population is the best option in preventing future offending, because most adult sex offenders began their criminal careers in adolescence. Extant typologies of this population have been limited to be only descriptive or not empirically verified and thus of limited use. Hierarchical cluster analysis is used to develop a taxonomy based upon the content of case files from two juvenile treatment programs, based upon demographic information, offense details, psychological and behavioral issues, and participation in treatment. …

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The Impact Of Business Elite Cohesion On Public Policy Alternatives : A Comparative Examination Of Banking And Telecommunication Legislation In The 1930s And 1990s, Geoffrey Lee Wood Jan 2013

The Impact Of Business Elite Cohesion On Public Policy Alternatives : A Comparative Examination Of Banking And Telecommunication Legislation In The 1930s And 1990s, Geoffrey Lee Wood

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

ABSTRACT

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Towards A Theory About Spanish Women In Sixteenth Century Hispaniola : A Research Guide And Case Studies, Lissette Acosta-Corniel Jan 2013

Towards A Theory About Spanish Women In Sixteenth Century Hispaniola : A Research Guide And Case Studies, Lissette Acosta-Corniel

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation is a pioneering study about the first Spanish women of Hispaniola, the first European settlement of the Americas. Spanish women in sixteenth century Hispaniola have never been adequately identified, and as a consequence their history has not been written. One of the major setbacks about the history of Spanish women in colonial Hispaniola is to know where to look for information about them. For this reason, this dissertation offers a research guide about Spanish women in sixteenth century Hispaniola, and in order to learn about the quotidian lives of these women, this dissertation presents specific case studies and …

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Interactivity, Interdependence, And Intertextuality : The Meaning Of Video Games In American Civil Society, Brian Mckernan Jan 2013

Interactivity, Interdependence, And Intertextuality : The Meaning Of Video Games In American Civil Society, Brian Mckernan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In recent years the video game community has undergone a drastic transformation. What began as a communal pastime for programmers in federally-funded research laboratories during the late 1950s and 1960s has erupted into a multi-billion dollar industry enjoyed by millions of Americans. Reflecting this transformation, social scientists from a wide variety of fields have begun to explore video games' social significance. Sadly, so far very little work has examined video games from a sociological viewpoint. In this work I attempt to remedy this serious omission by adopting a cultural sociology framework to study video games' social meanings in three different …

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Exploring U.S. Imperialist Influences On Bicultural Koreans' Identity Negotiation : A Critical Theory Study, Minsun Lee Jan 2013

Exploring U.S. Imperialist Influences On Bicultural Koreans' Identity Negotiation : A Critical Theory Study, Minsun Lee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Bicultural identity has traditionally been studied in a contextual vacuum, with little attention to how asymmetrical power dynamics between two cultures influence the negotiation of a bicultural identity. This critical theory study used a focus group and follow-up individual interviews to illuminate how five adult bicultural Koreans residing in the U.S. negotiate their sociocultural identities within the context of U.S. imperialist influences. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (Smith & Osborn, 2008) and methods drawn from feminist research (Anderson & Jack, 1991) were employed to analyze the data.

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The Acquired Preparedness Model And Impulsivity Moderated Expectancies : Examining Predictors Of Marijuana Use, Jamie Rae Bolles Jan 2013

The Acquired Preparedness Model And Impulsivity Moderated Expectancies : Examining Predictors Of Marijuana Use, Jamie Rae Bolles

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The Acquired Preparedness Model suggests that links between personality and substance use are mediated by expectancies. Expectancy-moderated links between personality and substance use also have support in previous research. The current study sought to extend the Acquired Preparedness Model to a diverse sample of frequent marijuana users. Tension-reduction expectancies, impulsivity, and ounces of marijuana used per month were assessed in 5,996 participants recruited from a marijuana policy listserv. Tension-reduction expectancies partially mediated the relation between impulsivity and marijuana use. Additionally, expectancies and impulsivity interacted to predict marijuana use, with impulsivity showing a stronger link to use when expectancies increased. These …

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En El Aire Escribieron La Historia : Honduras, A System Of Hegemonic Powers And Underlying Social Resistance During The Central American Conflicts Of The 1970s And 1980s, Yaser Robles Jan 2013

En El Aire Escribieron La Historia : Honduras, A System Of Hegemonic Powers And Underlying Social Resistance During The Central American Conflicts Of The 1970s And 1980s, Yaser Robles

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

During the Central American Conflicts of the 1970s and 1980s, Honduras played a central role by becoming both the Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA) lead training ground for the Nicaraguan Contras and the American central command of all major military operations to suppress revolutionary movements in Central America and the Caribbean. While never formally at war with a seemingly democratic political system post 1981 presidential elections, the life of the broader Honduran population was very much impacted by the 1970s and 1980s Central American conflicts. The people's experiences show a reality very similar to that of a country at war. However, …

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A Nation In Name, A 'State' In Exile : The Frelimo Proto-State, Youth, Gender, And The Liberation Of Mozambique 1962-1975, Michael Gerald Panzer Jan 2013

A Nation In Name, A 'State' In Exile : The Frelimo Proto-State, Youth, Gender, And The Liberation Of Mozambique 1962-1975, Michael Gerald Panzer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation analyzes the early political development of the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO) during the 1960s. The thesis offers several new theoretical perspectives on the evolution of FRELIMO as a liberation front. While operating from military bases, settlement camps, and urban settings in Tanzania, FRELIMO functioned as a proto-state with authority derived from a contingent sovereignty. At the beginning of the anti-colonial war against Portugal in September 1964, FRELIMO was able to help organize and oversee the lives of thousands of Mozambican refugees who fled into Tanzania to escape the escalating violence. Many of these refugees became FRELIMO's revolutionary constituents …

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Dynamics Of Drug Markets : An Examination Of Arrestee Drug Acquisition Behavior, Tanya T. Meisenholder Jan 2013

Dynamics Of Drug Markets : An Examination Of Arrestee Drug Acquisition Behavior, Tanya T. Meisenholder

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Using data from the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) program, and from the 2000 U.S. Census, this exploratory study examined drug market acquisition behaviors and how this behavior differs by drug type, user characteristics, and across locations. A descriptive and comparative assessment of drug markets and acquisition behavior revealed substantial differences within and across drug types. This wide variation was evident across drug market clientele and across locations, regardless of the measure considered. The analysis also demonstrated that this data can be used to identify drug buyers that may also be drug sellers. Hierarchical and K-means cluster analysis was used …

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Critical Mass On Campus : An Analysis Of Race/Ethnicity And Organizational Outcomes, Renee Overdyke Jan 2013

Critical Mass On Campus : An Analysis Of Race/Ethnicity And Organizational Outcomes, Renee Overdyke

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The United States is an increasingly diverse society. The recent Supreme Court hearings on Affirmative Action have reiterated the need to study the impacts of changing demographics on organizations. Race-based policymaking fundamentally rests on a "diversity is good for the organization" philosophy, yet there is relatively little research that directly measures the institutional effects of racial/ethnic diversity. Diversity within organizations, also known as structural diversity or organizational heterogeneity, is overdue for a broader range of scholarly attention. Building on an organizational demography framework, this study investigates whether or not there are relationships between diversity and outcomes at higher education institutions …

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The Structure Of Narratives In Political Theories, Wesley Dan Nishiyama Jan 2013

The Structure Of Narratives In Political Theories, Wesley Dan Nishiyama

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In this dissertation, I use the ideas of Kenneth Burke and Wolfgang Iser to understand how narrative types, including: novelistic, historical, biographical, and hypothetical, are used as rhetorical devices to persuade the reader of the theory at hand. I will begin by

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Making Sense Of Mason Jars : A Qualitative Exploration Of Contemporary Home Canning, P. Suzanne Pennington Jan 2013

Making Sense Of Mason Jars : A Qualitative Exploration Of Contemporary Home Canning, P. Suzanne Pennington

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The practice and popularity of home canning in the United States has dramatically fluctuated since John Mason’s 1858 invention of the ‘fruit’ jar, influenced by cultural trends and sociopolitical events such as war, economic oscillation, activist movements such as environmentalism, and the politicization of food. The contemporary social context in which popular interest in home canning has most recently revived is an era of high cultural awareness and activity regarding multiple food issues. Traditional American foodways, including food preservation techniques such as home canning, are regaining importance as many Americans look to the past for solutions to current needs. This …

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The Family And Its Effects On Intergenerational Educational Attainment In The Bahamas, Marcellus C. Taylor Jan 2013

The Family And Its Effects On Intergenerational Educational Attainment In The Bahamas, Marcellus C. Taylor

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This exploratory study examines the individual and family effects on intergenerational educational attainment mobility giving focus to the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, a small, newly-independent nation in the Caribbean region.

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Determinants Of Financial Restatement : Does The Ceo-Board Relationship And Ceo Compensation Influence The Risk Of Financial Restatement?, Kimberly A.M. Melinsky Jan 2013

Determinants Of Financial Restatement : Does The Ceo-Board Relationship And Ceo Compensation Influence The Risk Of Financial Restatement?, Kimberly A.M. Melinsky

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The cataclysmic business failures of the past decade clearly outline the necessity for effective governance research and policy. These failures have prompted prominent investors, politicians, and researchers to show an ever-increasing interest in corporate fraudulent activity and its relationship to executive compensation packages and the CEO-board relationship. Further research is needed to better understand these relationships, especially the relationship between governance mechanisms and their influence on financial restatement, an outcome of fraud. This study looks to answer that need by examining the CEO-board relationship, as well as CEO compensation components, the combined effects of CEO compensation and CEO-board relationship variables, …

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The Potential For Bridging : Hiv Status Awareness And Risky Sexual Behavior Of Injection Drug Users Who Have Non-Injecting Permanent Partners In Ukraine, Alyona Mazhnaya Jan 2013

The Potential For Bridging : Hiv Status Awareness And Risky Sexual Behavior Of Injection Drug Users Who Have Non-Injecting Permanent Partners In Ukraine, Alyona Mazhnaya

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract

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White Noise : Negotiating Boundaries And Constructing Whiteness In Hip-Hop America, Carolyn Corrado Jan 2013

White Noise : Negotiating Boundaries And Constructing Whiteness In Hip-Hop America, Carolyn Corrado

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation examines the ways in which white hip-hop youth negotiate racial boundaries in their daily lives, and how this process of racial boundary negotiation in turn influences their construction of white racial identities. By focusing on white youth who mark their racial identity to varying degrees based on their level of involvement in hip-hop culture, and comparing and contrasting white hip-hop kids from a suburban area who live their lives in a homogenous, mostly white racial context to their counterparts from an urban area who live their lives in a heterogeneous, multiracial context, I have been able to parse …

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Impact Of Gender Inequality And Religion On How States Experience Terrorism, Aneela Salman Jan 2013

Impact Of Gender Inequality And Religion On How States Experience Terrorism, Aneela Salman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation includes three essays that present a quantitative analysis of the policy implications of gender equality and religious attitudes as predictors of terrorism at the state level using a broad dataset. Essay one focuses on impact of gender equality, especially women's political empowerment on terrorism, both domestic and transnational. The second essay examines both gender equality attitudes and actual outcomes in social, economic and political spheres, to measure their effect on terrorism. The third essay analyzes the relation of religiousness in a society with incidents and lethality of terrorism. The overall findings of this thesis suggest that attitudes and …

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Feeling Knowledge : How Emotion And Identity Inform Student Learning, Rebecca M. Ossorio Jan 2013

Feeling Knowledge : How Emotion And Identity Inform Student Learning, Rebecca M. Ossorio

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The exploratory and descriptive purpose of this work is to better understand what might be happening when students have an emotional response to learning in school and to offer a way of conceptualizing emotion, identity and student learning as deeply interrelated. The data for this study comes from four in-depth, phenomenological interviews where contemplative educators were asked to recollect emotional experiences from their formal education and tell the story of how those experiences impacted their learning. Evidence suggests that when students have an emotional response to learning it is like a beacon alerting them to the self-relevance of what they …

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Acculturation, Family Dynamics And Psychological Well-Being Among Asian And Hispanic Adolescents In Immigrant Families : A Comparative Analysis, Yong Li Jan 2013

Acculturation, Family Dynamics And Psychological Well-Being Among Asian And Hispanic Adolescents In Immigrant Families : A Comparative Analysis, Yong Li

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Past research has consistently supported the view that adolescents in both Asian and Hispanic immigrant families may experience mental health problems such as depression and low self-esteem. The mechanisms influencing psychological well-being (PWB) may be conditioned by unique aspects of Asian and Hispanic culture. Based on the ecological systems framework, family systems theories, acculturation theories, and relevant literature, factors such as family dynamics, acculturation and their interactions may be important in shaping adolescent PWB. Examining these factors from a comparative perspective, between Asian and Hispanic adolescents, could provide new insights into the ways culturally responsive and competent services are planned …

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Networking And Performance Of Community Based Organizations In Taiwan : A Social Capital Perspective, Yi-Yi Chen Jan 2013

Networking And Performance Of Community Based Organizations In Taiwan : A Social Capital Perspective, Yi-Yi Chen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Developing partnerships is a crucial strategy for Community based organizations (CBOs) to maximize service capacity, serve clients of diverse needs, and compete for funding, yet the evidence is scant. The study asks whether organizational networking is helpful to a CBOs' service performance and whether the effect of networking varies by certain organizational features of a CBO. The research framework is built with the literature review of social capital theories with a focus of organizations, community practice models, and case studies on CBOs' networking. Two forms of networking, within and beyond community, are hypothesized as associated with two traits of performance, …

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Gentrification And Crime In New York City 1980-2009, Michael Scott Barton Jan 2013

Gentrification And Crime In New York City 1980-2009, Michael Scott Barton

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

It is a well supported fact that crime rates in cities across the United States increased between the 1960s and 1980s before dramatically declining during the 1990s. While scholars agree that this decline occurred, they continue to debate the cause of the decline (Greenberg, 2013; Zimring, 2011). References to changes in neighborhood crime rates as a result of gentrification have been common in previous research on gentrification, but only a few studies have empirically assessed the association between gentrification and crime. Kreager, Lyons, and Hays (2011), Papachristos, Smith, Scherer, and Fugiero (2011), and Smith (2012), who utilized innovative measures of …

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Outcome Expectancies Mediate The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Marijuana Craving, Mallory Loflin Jan 2013

Outcome Expectancies Mediate The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Marijuana Craving, Mallory Loflin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Current work suggests that the presence of "craving" may be a significant indicator of problematic substance use. Nevertheless, little work has examined how cannabis users experience and develop craving. Most relevant studies focus on samples in treatment. Previous work suggests that cues for marijuana might activate outcome expectancies that contribute to the development of craving. The present study sought to test whether an olfactory marijuana cue would create changes in expectancy, mood, and craving in a non-treatment seeking sample representing both users and non-users. Unlike control cues, olfactory cues for marijuana increased perceptions of the likelihood of marijuana-induced positive outcomes …

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A Multiple Case Study Exploring The Intervention Processes Influencing Success For Dd/Mi Dually Diagnosed Adolescents, Julanne Colvin Jan 2013

A Multiple Case Study Exploring The Intervention Processes Influencing Success For Dd/Mi Dually Diagnosed Adolescents, Julanne Colvin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Given what has been described in the literature about the life circumstances of youth who are dually diagnosed with a developmental disability and a mental or behavior disorder, we know that in the trajectory of their lives they are likely to live out of their homes and communities for lengthy periods of time in order to receive specialized treatment. The Intervention and Supports for Adolescents and Families (ISAF) program, an integrated multi-disciplinary treatment approach, was designed to cross over multiple service systems to address the challenges of delivering services to dually diagnosed youth and their families and reduce the risk …

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