Digital Commons Network^™

Vowel Harmony In Kuria, Mary Zacharia Charwi

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper describes vowel harmony in Kuria, an Eastern Bantu Language spoken in Tanzania and Kenya. It is indicated that Kuria has seven vowels which are contrastive in length, and which are not freely distributed. Two types of vowel harmony are explained, namely ‘the stem controlled vowel harmony’ and ‘the dominant vowel harmony’, each of which could be progressive or regressive. The paper also shows the distribution of Kuria vowels in nominal prefixes and pre-prefixes. Essentially long vowels can occur in any position but not in initial and final positions. The phonological processes that affect Kuria vowels are also accounted …

Accounting Information Systems And Governance Issues In Local Government Authorities In Tanzania, Henry Chalu, Severine S. Kessy

Business Management Review

Among the strategies identified by MKUKUTA to improve good governance in Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania are those concerned with strengthening financial management, accounting, financial reporting, auditing and budgeting. The opinion is that strengthening those processes requires an effective accounting information system (AIS). Therefore this study had two aims; first to explore the role played by AIS in promoting accountability, participation, predictability and transparency; and second to identify factors influencing the effectiveness of AIS in fulfilling those roles. To achieve these objectives, the data analysed were collected from four LGAs through 23 interviews, 3 focus group discussions and documentary …

Transformation Of Non-Governmental Micro Finance Institutions (Mfis) In Tanzania, Marcelina Mvula Chijoriga

Business Management Review

Transformation of NGO micro finance institutions (MFIs) is one of the solutions for increasing the supply of financial services to micro and small enterprises and the rural poor. The findings revealed that there are a number of challenges affecting the transformation of MFIs, including the lack of human resource capacity; inadequate technical skills in banking and finance; the lack of demand-driven financial products; limited capital and loanable funds; weak ownership and governance structures; and poor information technology systems including poor loan tracking. The legal and regulatory framework and high donor dependence also affects MFIs ' operations as commercial enterprises as …

Performance Of Merged Banks In Tanzania: The Case Of Anc Bank Ltd And Hbc Bank Ltd, Sylvia Shayo Temu, James Andilile

Business Management Review

This paper assesses the impact of mergers on the performance of merged banks in Tanzania using the CAMEL model. The study found no compelling evidence to support the assertion that mergers improve banks ' performance as the study had mixed results, both improvement and deterioration in some aspects. It was further observed that post-merger performance is greatly linked to the ability of the banks to strengthen the quality of assets. This is because deterioration in their quality affects both earnings and banks ' capital. The study recommends that banks institute robust risk- management systems to improve their performance in the …

Does A Loan Have An Impact On Attitude To Risk Among Micro-Entrepreneurs In Tanzania?, Onesmo Selejio

Business Management Review

Intervention with small loans for micro-entrepreneurs is crucial for the establishment and growth of their businesses. Intervention of this sort, however, induces changes in behaviour and attitude to risk depending on the repayment mechanisms in place. From the entrepreneurial point of view, after obtaining the loan, the borrowing agents are likely to make decisions that are associated with higher risk than would have been otherwise. But the argument is that, if the repayment mechanisms are so draconian, the opposite can occur, making micro-entrepreneurs more risk averse. Such entrepreneurs are likely to maintain the status quo and strive to be able …

Comparing Competitiveness Of Family And Non-Family Smes In Tanzania, Goodluck Charles

Business Management Review

This paper aims at examining competitiveness of family firms in comparison with non-family firms assessing the differences in the strategies applied by the two categories of firms. Using a sample of 341 SMEs, MANOVA was applied to compare competitiveness and the strategies of the firms studied. The findings show that family SMEs are generally more competitive than non-family SMEs in terms of financial indicators. However, in terms of market based-indicators, the difference in competitiveness is insignificant between the two groups of firms. The findings also show that family enterprises have a greater inclination and focus on the longer-term horizon, to …

Transforming The Healthcare Response To Intimate Partner Violence And Taking Best Practices To Scale, Michele R. Decker, Shannon Frattaroli, Brigid Mccaw, Ann L. Coker, Elizabeth Miller, Phyllis Sharps, Wendy G. Lane, Mahua Mandal, Kelli Hirsch, Donna M. Strobino, Wendy L. Bennett, Jacquelyn Campbell, Andrea Gielen

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is prevalent among adolescent and adult women, with significant physical, sexual, and mental health consequences. In 2011, the Institute of Medicine's Clinical Preventive Services for Women consensus report recommended universal screening for violence as a component of women's preventive services; this policy has been adopted by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). These policy developments require that effective clinic-based interventions be identified, easily implemented, and taken to scale.

METHODS: To foster dialogue about implementing effective interventions, we convened a symposium entitled "Responding to Violence Against Women: Emerging Evidence, Implementation Science, and Innovative Interventions," on …

The Language Factor In Regional Integration In The Great Lakes Region, M. Mulokozi

Peace and Conflict Management Review

No abstract provided.

Rwanda: Programme Of Integrated Development, Honourable Protais Musoni

Peace and Conflict Management Review

No abstract provided.

The Question Of The Recent Expulsion Of Rwandans From Tanzania, Charles Gasarasi

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

From 2000 to 2006, more than 33,000 Rwandan immigrants were expelled from Tanzania. Most of them were expelled without regard to international conventions on rights and duties of countries that host legal or illegal immigrants. Tanzanian authorities accused the expelled persons of illegal settlement and implication in various crimes. The expelled immigrants, on the other hand, deplore acts of injustice, corruption, humiliation and theft of their goods perpetrated against them by Tanzanian local and regional authorities of Kagera Region. A correct diplomacy, facilitated by the Joint Technical Team, set up to resolve the expulsion related problems, has helped to moderate …

Burundi: Un Processus De Negociation Entre Le Gouvernement Et Le Palipehutu-Fnl Dans L'Impasse, Elias Sentamba

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

Since 2005, President Nkurunziza has not kept his promise to conclude peace agreement with Palipehutu-FNL. Palipephutu has not given up its ethnist ideology since its foundation. Its fight for the hutu cause has not considered the political change since the Arusha peace agreement. This entailed many political errors which has discredited its paradigm. **Though CNDD-FDD is heading Burundian legitimate political institutions, it is still behaving as an underground movement: use of force to muzzle political opposition and internal dissidents instead of resorting to the rule of law. This illegitimacy is negatively influencing the forthcoming 2010 elections. ***These positions, so poles …

The Gazette November 28, 2012, Langston University

LU Gazette, 2010-2019

The student newspaper for Langston University

Effect Of Self-Concept, Knowledge Sharing And Utilization On Research Productivity Among Librarians In Public Universities In South-West, Nigeria., Sarah Okonedo, Sunday Olarenwaju Popoola

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Research is subsisting and necessary part of modern university, therefore the significance of publication in the growth and development of the library profession cannot be overestimated. This study focused on the effects of self-concept, knowledge sharing and utilization on research productivity of librarians in public university in South-West Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted; a total of one hundred and seven-four (174) respondents were selected for the study and 134 copies of the questionnaires were returned and virtually used for the study. The result showed that the level of publication of librarians is moderately high. There was relative effects of …

Improved Quality Of Management Of Eclampsia Patients Through Criteria Based Audit At Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Bridging The Quality Gap, Hussein Kidanto, Peter Wangwe, Charles D. Kilewo, Lennarth Nystrom, Gunnila Lindmark

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Background Criteria-based audits (CBA) have been used to improve clinical management in developed countries, but have only recently been introduced in the developing world. This study discusses the use of a CBA to improve quality of care among eclampsia patients admitted at a University teaching hospital in Dar es Salaam Tanzania.

Objective The prevalence of eclampsia in MNH is high (≈6%) with the majority of cases arriving after start of convulsions. In 2004–2005 the case-fatality rate in eclampsia was 5.1% of all pregnant women admitted for delivery (MNH obstetric data base). A criteria-based audit (CBA) was used to evaluate the …

Integrating Libraries Across Continents: A Case Of Aga Khan University’S Nine Libraries In Five Countries, Ashraf Sharif

Libraries

The Aga Khan University (AKU) is perhaps the only university throughout the developing world that is serving through eleven campuses spread across eight countries and three continents. It has a network of nine libraries, although small in size, in five courtiers in three regions (South Asia, East Africa, and the UK). The university has recently implemented a library management system to integrate all libraries using single shared database.

The purpose of this study is to share Aga Khan University Libraries’ process of Integrated Library System (ILS) selection, project initiation and planning, system implementation including installation to data conversion and migration …

Chronic Hepatitis B And C Co-Infection Increased All-Cause Mortality In Haart-Naive Hiv Patients In Northern Thailand, N. Tsuchiya, P. Pathipvanich, A. Rojanawiwat, N. Wichukchinda, I. Koga, M. Koga, W. Auwanit, P. E. Kilgore, K. Ariyoshi, P. Sawanpanyalert

Department of Pharmacy Practice

A total of 755 highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-naive HIV-infected patients were enrolled at a government hospital in Thailand from 1 June 2000 to 15 October 2002. Census date of survival was on 31 October 2004 or the date of HAART initiation. Of 700 (92.6%) patients with complete data, the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody positivity was 11.9% and 3.3%, respectively. Eight (9.6%) HBV co-infected patients did not have anti-HBV core antibody (anti-HBcAb). During 1166.7 person-years of observation (pyo), 258 (36.9%) patients died [22.1/100 pyo, 95% confidence interval (CI) 16.7–27.8]. HBV …

Internet Use Among Undergraduate Students Of Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria, Olubanke Mofoluwaso Bankole, Babalola Stephen Oludayo Mr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study sought to determine the extent of internet access and use by students of Olabisi Onabanjo University(OOU), Ago Iwoye, Nigeria. A descriptive questionnaire survey was employed to obtain data from a sample of 1140 undergraduate students of OOU from March to April, 2010 with a total of 1066 validly retuned representing response rate of 91.3%. Additional information was also obtained with an informal interview and observations. The results showed that almost all the respondents (97.6%) had accessed the internet, with mean internet use experience of 4.2 years. Majority of the respondents, i.e. 66.1% accessed the Internet from cybercafés outside …

Whitworth Today Fall-Winter 2012, Whitworth University

Whitworth Alumni and Bulletin Publications

No abstract provided.

Deconstructing The American Embassy, Stefan Kaiser

Architecture Thesis Prep

"Contemporary diplomatic functions have outgrown the typological embassy building. The barricaded sidewalks and streets are evidence that additional space is required to conduct business safely. Retrofitted embassies in London, Paris, and Berlin expand their security perimeter into the urban condition to maintain the architectural icon of diplomacy. New embassies should utilize the contested zone between the building and the city instead of relocating in rural neighborhoods. It is the purpose of this thesis to enable functional and symbolic diplomatic exchange at the location of intersecting sovereignty."

What We Have Heard, What We Have Seen. A Theological Reflection On The Xx General Chapter At Bagamoyo, James Chukwuma Okoye

Spiritan Horizons

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Income Generating Programs At Tarangire National Park, Tanzania, Dylan Mcdowell

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Tarangire National Park (TAR) is Tanzanian’s third largest grossing park, and is surrounded by 42 villages in five districts. The park’s single Outreach Warden has undertaken many projects since the park’s creation in 1970 to engage the villagers in natural resource conservation, including wildlife. The newest pilot project at TAR is Income Generating Programs (IGP) where community groups organize themselves around an activity that earns income. From September 24-29, 2012, TAR selected 10 members from three groups in the park’s northern end and 15 members from two groups in the park’s southern end to attend an all-expenses paid business class …

Periodizing Pretoria’S Cold War, Ryan Irwin

History Faculty Scholarship

An article review of "Things Fall Apart: South Africa and the Collapse of the Portuguese Empire, 1973-74." by Jamie Miller.

Experience Of Caregivers With The Survivors Of Hepatitis C, Noureen Shehzad Jiwani, Raisa B. Gul, Rubina Sultan

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Objectives: To assess and describe the experiences of those caring for hepatitis C patients in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: Using a qualitative approach, the study adopted a descriptive exploratory design for which 8 caregirers were selected through snowball sampling technique from different parts of Karachi. Data was collected between May and July 2010 through semi-structured interviews from the caregivers. The interviews were recorded on tape and were transcribed verbatim. The data was manually analysed for extracting themes and categories.

Results: The analyses of data led to one theme - \'deadly, dangerous, and devastating. Two associated categories could also be noted: \'perceptions …

Strengths And Weaknesses In The Protection Of The Internally Displaced Persons In Sub-Saharan Africa, Cristiano D'Orsi

Connecticut Journal of International Law

Since the 1970s a relatively new phenomenon emerged in the human, world panorama: the plight of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), a phenomenon which has significantly affected the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region in particular. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugee (UNHCR), the number of IDPs protected or assisted by the agency, including people in IDP-like situations in the four macro-regions composing the SSA (Central Africa-Great Lakes, East and Horn of Africa, Southern Africa, Western Africa) in 2010 amounted to 6,230,071 individuals against the 4,376,376 million in Asia and 3,672,054 in Latin America and the Caribbean.' Therefore, only by …

The Basis Of Unit Self-Defense And Implications For The Use Of Force , Charles P. Trumbull Iv

Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law

No abstract provided.

The Movement Ecology Of The Straw-Colored Fruit Bat, Eidolon Helvum, In Sub-Saharan Africa Assessed By Stable Isotope Ratios, Gonzalo Ossa, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Alison J. Peel, Anne K. Scharf, Christian C. Voigt

KIP Articles

No abstract provided.

The Montreal Protocol: Fit For Hydroflurocarbons, Veronica Kennedy

Sustainable Development Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

The East African Community And Theclimate Change Agenda: An Inventory Of Theprogress, Hurdles, And Prospects, James Forole Jarso

Sustainable Development Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Preventing Sharp Injuries Among Nurses And Midwives In Sub-Saharan Africa, Barbara Smith, Sue A. Blanshan, Shijun Zhu, Margaret Maimbolwa

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the risks of sharps (needlestick) injuries among nurses and midwives providing care to patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods: An anonymous questionnaire was completed by 712 nurses from 11 different African countries who were attending the African Midwives Research Network meeting in Nairobi, Kenya and Dar Es Salaam Tanzania or other organized nursing meetings. Questions related to their knowledge of universal precautions, level of education, availability and use of protective apparel, sharps and splash injuries/exposures, work schedule, and needle use. Generalized estimating equation models, accommodating the correlation within the residing country, were …

Global And Local Strategies To Increase Nursing Educational Capacity In Sub-Saharan Africa, Sue A. Blanshan, Margaret Maimbolwa, Grace M. Omoni, Barbara Smith, Karen Kauffman

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

There is a critical shortage of nurses in the developing world with an average of only 11 nurse per 10,000 population. Efforts to increase the number of nurses are hampered in part because of a lack of facility, material, electronic and human resources in Sub-Saharan Africa. In order to gain a better understanding of the problems and issues in Africa, a focus group with 25 senior African nurse educators was conducted at the biennial conference of the African Midwives Research Network (AMRN) held in Dar Es Salaam in December 2009. These nurse educators identified what they believed needed to be …