Digital Commons Network^™

The Long And Short Of It: The Role Of Telomeres In Fetal Origins Of Adult Disease., Stephanie E Hallows, Timothy Regnault, Dean H Betts

Paediatrics Publications

Placental insufficiency, maternal malnutrition, and other causes of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can significantly affect short-term growth and long-term health. Following IUGR, there is an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and Type 2 Diabetes. The etiology of these diseases is beginning to be elucidated, and premature aging or cellular senescence through increased oxidative stress and DNA damage to telomeric ends may be initiators of these disease processes. This paper will explore the areas where telomere and telomerase biology can have significant effects on various tissues in the body in IUGR outcomes.

Aboriginal Fractions: Enumerating Identity In Taiwan, Jennifer A. Liu

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

Notions of identity in Taiwan are configured in relation to numbers. I examine the polyvalent capacities of enumerative technologies in both the production of ethnic identities and claims to polit- ical representation and justice. By critically historicizing the manner in which Aborigines in Taiwan have been, and continue to be, constructed as objects and subjects of scientific knowledge production through technologies of measuring, I examine the genetic claim made by some Taiwanese to be ‘‘fractionally’’ Aboriginal. Numbers and techniques of measuring are used ostensibly to know the Aborigines, but they are also used to construct a genetically unique Taiwanese identity …

‘Looking After Country Two-Ways’: Insights Into Indigenous Community-Based Conservation From The Southern Tanami, Karissa Preuss, Madeline Dixon

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

This paper offers insights and practical lessons for a ‘two-way’ approach to combining Indigenous and non-Indigenous ecological knowledge in environmental planning and management. It is based on the experience of developing an Indigenous Protected Area to conserve 10 million hectares of biologically and culturally significant land in the Southern Tanami region of Central Australia

Modeling Stochastic And Spatial Heterogeneity In A Human Airway Tree To Determine Variation In Respiratory System Resistance, Del Leary, Swati A Bhatawadekar, Grace Parraga, Geoffrey N Maksym

Medical Biophysics Publications

Asthma is a variable disease with changes in symptoms and airway function over many time scales. Airway resistance (Raw) is variable and thought to reflect changes in airway smooth muscle activity, but just how variation throughout the airway tree and the influence of gas distribution abnormalities affect Raw is unclear. We used a multibranch airway lung model to evaluate variation in airway diameter size, the role of coherent regional variation, and the role of gas distribution abnormalities on mean Raw (Raw) and variation in Raw as described by the SD (SDRaw). We modified an anatomically correct airway tree, provided by …

Leisure Notes, Summer-Fall 2012, State University Of New York College At Cortland

Recreation, Parks, & Leisure

SUNY Cortland Department of Recreation, Parks, and Leisure Studies Alumni Newsletter.

Giftedness In The Early Elementary Classroom: History, Theory, And Practice, Sonia Von Gutfeld

Graduate Student Independent Studies

Abstract Teacher training programs in general education often overlook questions of giftedness. This essay draws upon primary and secondary source material to trace the evolution of the term and illuminate the current plurality of definitions. It also explores acceleration and ability-grouping, two practices available to support the needs of children who might be identified as gifted in inclusive school environments. An analysis of research finds that these practices can offer benefits to both the intellectual and the social-emotional development of these young children. Ability-grouping raises valid concerns about equity of educational opportunity, and teachers must be careful to implement this …

The Effects Of Adolescent Heavy Drinking On The Timing And Stability Of Cohabitation And Marriage, Lela Rankin Williams, Laura Wray-Lake, Eric Loken, Jennifer L. Maggs

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Based on prospective British Cohort Study data, adolescent alcohol use predicted the timing and stability of committed partnerships between 16 and 34 years (n = 3278; 59% female). Propensity score methods balanced age 16 heavy drinkers (32.4%) and nonheavy drinkers on a range of relevant risk factors assessed in infancy and childhood. Adolescent heavy drinking predicted having ever cohabited, earlier transitions into cohabiting and marital relationships, more breakups, and an increased likelihood of divorce. Gender and social class moderated these relationships; heavy-drinking working-class males were especially likely to cohabit and to experience early entry into cohabitation and marriage. Implications …

Scholarworks Statistics - January 2012, Scholarworks

ScholarWorks Reports

For the month of January 2012, ScholarWorks recorded a total of 20,211 full-text downloads and 19,703 page views.

Pacific Cod (Gadus Macrocephalus) As A Paleothermometer: Otolith Oxygen Isotope Reconstruction, Catherine F. West, Stephen Wischniowski, Christopher Johnston

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Stable isotope studies are increasingly important for understanding past environmental and cultural developments along the North Pacific Rim. In this paper, we present methods for using Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) otoliths as a paleothermometer using a case study from Kodiak Island, Alaska. The results of this study indicate that Pacific cod otoliths record variable paleoenvironmental conditions during the Little Ice Age. The broad distribution of Pacific cod and success in using the otoliths as a paleothermometer makes this method widely applicable to researchers working throughout the northern Pacific Rim.

Table Of Contents

Madison Magazine

No abstract provided.

Striking Gold

Madison Magazine

No abstract provided.

East Goshen Forest Restoration Project: A Community-Wcu Partnership, Joy Fritschle, Jason Ferrell, Gerry Hertel, Steven Bukowski

East Goshen Township Forest Restoration Project Documents

No abstract provided.

A Five-Year Analysis Of Carbon Stock Plots In The Gordon Natural Area’S Big Woods, Cathy Spahr, Chad Hudson, Andy Tamez

Forest Carbon Storage Study Documents

No abstract provided.

Pcr Detection Of Malaria Parasites In Desiccated Anopheles Mosquitoes Is Uninhibited By Storage Time And Temperature, Mark A. Rider, Brian D. Byrd, Joseph Keating, Dawn M. Wesson, Kevin A. Caillouet

Biostatistics Publications

Background

Reliable methods to preserve mosquito vectors for malaria studies are necessary for detectingPlasmodium parasites. In field settings, however, maintaining a cold chain of storage from the time of collection until laboratory processing, or accessing other reliable means of sample preservation is often logistically impractical or cost prohibitive. As the Plasmodium infection rate of Anophelesmosquitoes is a central component of the entomological inoculation rate and other indicators of transmission intensity, storage conditions that affect pathogen detection may bias malaria surveillance indicators. This study investigated the effect of storage time and temperature on the ability to detect Plasmodium parasites …

Alternatives To Mixture Model Analysis Of Correlated Binomial Data, N. Rao Chaganty, Roy Sabo, Yihao Deng

Biostatistics Publications

While univariate instances of binomial data are readily handled with generalized linear models, cases of multivariate or repeated measure binomial data are complicated by the possibility of correlated responses. Likelihood-based estimation can be applied by using mixture distribution models, though this approach can present computational challenges. The logistic transformation can be used to bypass these concerns and allow for alternative estimating procedures. One popular alternative is the generalized estimating equation (GEE) method, though systematic errors can lead to infeasible correlation estimates or nonconvergence problems. Our approach is the coupling of quasileast squares (QLSs) method with a rarely used matrix factorization, …

Reduced Expression Of Inflammatory Genes In Deceased Donor Kidneys Undergoing Pulsatile Pump Preservation, Valeria Mas, Kellie J. Archer, Catherine I. Dumur, Mariano J. Scian, Jihee L. Suh, Anne L. King, Megan E. Wardius, Julie A. Straub, Marc P. Posner, Kenneth Brayman, Daniel Maluf

Biostatistics Publications

Background

The use of expanded criteria donor kidneys (ECD) had been associated with worse outcomes. Whole gene expression of pre-implantation allograft biopsies from deceased donor kidneys (DDKs) was evaluated to compare the effect of pulsatile pump preservation (PPP) vs. cold storage preservation (CSP) on standard and ECD kidneys.

Methodology/Principal Findings

99 pre-implantation DDK biopsies were studied using gene expression with GeneChips. Kidneys transplant recipients were followed post transplantation for 35.8 months (range = 24–62). The PPP group included 60 biopsies (cold ischemia time (CIT) = 1,367+/−509 minutes) and the CSP group included 39 biopsies (CIT = 1,022+/−485 minutes) (P

Conclusions/Significance …

Molecular Profiles Of Hcv Cirrhotic Tissues Derived In A Panel Of Markers With Clinical Utility For Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance, Ricardo Gehrau, Kellie Archer, Valeria Mas, Daniel Maluf

Biostatistics Publications

Background

Early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection is difficult because low accuracy of surveillance tests. Genome-wide analyses were performed using HCV-cirrhosis with HCC to identify predictive signatures.

Methodology/Principal Findings

Cirrhotic liver tissue was collected from 107 HCV-infected patients with diagnosis of HCC at pre-transplantation and confirmed in explanted livers. Study groups included: 1) microarray hybridization set (n = 80) including patients without (woHCC = 45) and with (wHCC = 24) HCC, and with incidental HCC (iHCC = 11); 2) independent validation set (n = 27; woHCC = 16, wHCC = 11). Pairwise comparisons were performed using moderated t-test. FDR<1% was considered significant. L1-penalized logistic regression model was fit for woHCC and wHCC microarrays, and tested against iHCC. Prediction model genes were validated in independent set by qPCR. The genomic profile was associated with genetic disorders and cancer focused on gene expression, cell cycle and cell death. Molecular profile analysis revealed cell cycle progression and arrest at G2/M, but progressing to mitosis; unregulated DNA damage check-points, and apoptosis. The prediction model included 17 molecules demonstrated 98.6% of accuracy and correctly classified 6 out of 11 undiagnosed iHCC cases. The best model performed even better in the additional independent set.

Conclusions/Significances

The …

Biomarkers Of Disease Differentiation: Hcv Recurrence Versus Acute Cellular Rejection, Ricardo Gehrau, Valeria Mas, Kellie Archer, Daniel Maluf

Biostatistics Publications

The wound-healing process induced by chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection triggers liver damage characterized by fibrosis development and finally cirrhosis. Liver Transplantation (LT) is the optimal surgical treatment for HCV-cirrhotic patients at end-stage liver disease. However, acute cellular rejection (ACR) and HCV recurrence disease represent two devastating complications post-LT. The accurate differential diagnosis between both conditions is critical for treatment choice, and similar histological features represent a challenge for pathologists. Moreover, the HCV recurrence disease severity is highly variable post-LT. HCV recurrence disease progression is characterized by an accelerated fibrogenesis process, and almost 30% of those patients develop cirrhosis …

Introduction: The Washington Declaration On Intellectual Property And The Public Interest, Sean M. Flynn

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Interactive Influences Of Ozone And Climate On Streamflow Of Forested Watersheds, Ge Sun, Samuel B. Mclaughlin, John H. Porter, Johan Uddling, Patrick J. Mulholland, Mary B. Adams, Neil Pederson

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The capacity of forests to mitigate global climate change can be negatively influenced by tropospheric ozone that impairs both photosynthesis and stomatal control of plant transpiration, thus affecting ecosystem productivity and watershed hydrology. We have evaluated individual and interactive effects of ozone and climate on late season streamflow for six forested watersheds (38–970 000 ha) located in the Southeastern United States. Models were based on 18–26 year data records for each watershed and involved multivariate analysis of interannual variability of late season streamflow in response to physical and chemical climate during the growing season. In all cases, some combination of …

Concentrated Flow Paths In Riparian Buffer Zones Of Southern Illinois, R. C. Pankau, J. E. Schoonover, K. W. J. Williard, P. J. Edwards

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Riparian buffers in agricultural landscapes should be designed to trap pollutants in overland flow by slowing, filtering, and infiltrating surface runoff entering the buffer via sheet flow. However, observational evidence suggests that concentrated flow is prevalent from agricultural fields. Over time sediment can accumulate in riparian buffers forming berms that restrict sheet flow; these berms ultimately back up surface runoff, resulting in an eventual breakthrough that concentrates overland flow. This study examines the occurrence of concentrated flow paths (CFPs) in riparian buffers at both the field and watershed scale. At the field scale, intensive topographic surveys were conducted at ten …

Terrestrial Biosphere Models Need Better Representation Of Vegetation Phenology: Results From The North American Carbon Program Site Synthesis, Andrew D. Richardson, Ryan S. Anderson, M. Altaf Arain, Alan G. Barr, G. Bohrer, Guangsheng Chen, Jing M. Chen, Philippe Ciais, Kenneth J. Davis, Ankur R. Desai, Michael C. Dietze, Danilo Dragoni, Steven R. Garrity, Christopher M. Gough, Robert Grant, David Y. Hollinger, Hank A. Margolis, Harry Mccaughey, Mirco Migliavacca, Russell K. Monson, J. William Munger, Benjamin Poulter, Brett M. Raczka, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Alok K. Sahoo, Kevin Schaefer, Hanqin Tian, Rodrigo Vargas, Hans Verbeeck, Jingfeng Xiao, Yongkang Xue

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Phenology, by controlling the seasonal activity of vegetation on the land surface, plays a fundamental role in regulating photosynthesis and other ecosystem processes, as well as competitive interactions and feedbacks to the climate system. We conducted an analysis to evaluate the representation of phenology, and the associated seasonality of ecosystem- scale CO₂ exchange, in 14 models participating in the North American Carbon Program Site Synthesis. Model predictions were evaluated using long-term measurements (emphasizing the period 2000–2006) from 10 forested sites within the AmeriFlux and Fluxnet-Canada networks. In deciduous forests, almost all models consistently predicted that the growing season started …

Towards A Life-History-Based Management Framework For The Effects Of Flow On Juvenile Salmonids In Streams And Rivers, K. H. Nislow, J. D. Armstrong

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Salmonid fishes have complex life cycles involving major changes in habitat requirements at different stages in their life history. Effects of changes in flow and flow regime on salmonids are therefore highly stage specific. Successful management requires consideration of stage-specific influences and integration of these effects over the entire life history to predict ultimate impacts on abundance and population viability. The state of science regarding stage-specific influences of flow regime on juvenile salmonids and their habitats, referring specifically to fundamental attributes of natural regimes and to characteristic alterations of these regimes associated with water management, is reviewed. It appears that …

Multi-Species Data Integration And Gene Ranking Enrich Significant Results In An Alcoholism Genome-Wide Association Study, Arpana Agrawal, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Tetravalent Dengue Nanoparticle Stimulates Antibody Production In Mice, Elisangela F. Silva, Mariana Orsi, Angela L. Andrade, Rosana Z. Domingues, Breno M. Silva, Helena Rc De Araujo, Paulo Fp Pimenta, Michael S. Diamond, Eliseu So Rocha, Erna G. Kroon, Luiz Cc Malaquias, Luiz Fl Coelho

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Recent Accomplishments 2012 (Fact Sheet), Casco Bay Estuary Partnership

Publications

Casco Bay is one of 28 "estuaries of national significance" designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. To protect the ecological integrity of the Bay and its watershed, the Casco Bay Estuary Partnership works with its partners to ensure effective management and wise stewardship of the Bay's resources.

Structural Rearrangements Underlying Ligand-Gating In Kir Channels, Shizhen Wang, Sun-Joo Lee, Sarah Heyman, Decha Enkvetchakul, Colin G. Nichols

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Cannabis Or Alcohol First? Differences By Ethnicity And In Risk For Rapid Progression To Cannabis-Related Problems In Women, C. E. Sartor, A. Agrawal, M. T. Lynskey, A. E. Duncan, J. D. Grant, E. C. Nelson, P. A. Madden, A. C. Heath, K. K. Bucholz

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Development Of A Novel Xenotransplantation Strategy For Treatment Of Diabetes Mellitus In Rat Hosts And Translation To Non-Human Primates, Marc R. Hammerman

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Quantitative Brain Electrical Activity In The Initial Screening Of Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries, Brian O'Neil, Leslie S. Prichep, Roseanne Naunhemi, Robert Chabot

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.