Digital Commons Network^™

Environmental And Demographic Determinants Of Avian Influenza Viruses In Waterfowl Across The Contiguous United States, Matthew Farnsworth, Ryan S. Miller, Kerri Pedersen, Mark W. Lutman, Seth R. Swafford, Philip D. Riggs, Colleen T. Webb

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Outbreaks of avian influenza in North American poultry have been linked to wild waterfowl. A first step towards understanding where and when avian influenza viruses might emerge from North American waterfowl is to identify environmental and demographic determinants of infection in their populations. Laboratory studies indicate water temperature as one determinant of environmental viral persistence and we explored this hypothesis at the landscape scale. We also hypothesized that the interval apparent prevalence in ducks within a local watershed during the overwintering season would influence infection probabilities during the following breeding season within the same local watershed. Using avian influenza virus …

Patent Validity Across The Executive Branch: Ex Ante Foundations For Policy Development, Arti K. Rai

Duke Law Journal

Among patent scholars who address institutional questions, many favor the courts over the PTO as the policymaker of choice. Even though courts have familiar limitations with respect to policymaking, scholars often argue that the PTO is more likely to be captured. This Essay argues that the capture story has significant limits, particularly in key cases where PTO decision making has been influenced by other executive-branch decision makers. Meanwhile, exclusive reliance on ex post judicial development can yield a one-way ratchet towards the expansion of patent protection. When courts expand patent rights, they generally do not have to worry about retroactive …

Alternative Strategies For Addressing The Presence And Effects Of Pharmaceutical And Personal Care Products In Fresh Water Resources, Gabriel Eckstein, George William Sherk

Faculty Scholarship

In recent years, new information has arisen to challenge this assumption. Chemicals from a wide variety of pharmaceutical and personal care products ("PPCPs"), their byproducts and endocrine disrupting compounds ("EDCs") have received growing attention from the water treatment and wastewater treatment community because of the ability of PPCPs to persist, or only partially degrade, in water and during wastewater treatment.

Several federal agencies, including the EnvironmentAl Protection Agency ("EPA"), the Food and Drug Administration ("FDA"), the U.S. Department of Agriculture ("USDA"), the U.S. Geological Survey ("USGS"), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ("CDC"), have the potential to be …

Chemiluminescent Reactions Catalyzed By Nanoparticles Of Gold, Silver, And Gold/Silver Alloys, Saqib Ul Abideen

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Chemiluminescence (CL) reactions are catalyzed by metals nanoparticles, which display unique catalytic properties due to an increased surface area. The present study describes the catalytic effects of nanoparticles (NP) of silver, gold, and alloys of Au/Ag nanoparticles on the chemiluminescent reaction taking place between luminol and potassium ferricyanide. It was found that silver nanoparticles and alloy nanoparticles enhance the CL process when their sizes remained in the range of 30 nm to 50 nm. The data show that the intensity and rate of chemiluminescence were influenced by the mole fraction of gold and silver in the alloy. Data to this …

Imagomachines, John Aymong

Theses

This thesis document was prepared in consideration for a degree of Master of Fine Arts in Fine Arts Studio from the College of Imaging Arts and Sciences. It describes the concepts within the body of the artist's work that includes imagomachines, the name given to the thesis' mixed media kinetic sculptures. Also included in the thesis are large-scale, non-toxic prints. This document describes the methods of printing, fabrication, and construction used to resolve the works and have them ready for their installation at the MFA exhibition in the Bevier Gallery at the Rochester Institute of Technology. Within the thesis, associations …

Computer Simulation And Mathematical Models Of The Noncentrosomal Plant Cortical Microtubule Cytoskeleton, Ezgi Can Eren, Natarajan Gautam, Ram Dixit

Biology Faculty Research

There is rising interest in modeling the noncentrosomal cortical microtubule cytoskeleton of plant cells, particularly its organization into ordered arrays and the mechanisms that facilitate this organization. In this review, we discuss quantitative models of this highly complex and dynamic structure both at a cellular and molecular level. We report differences in methodologies and assumptions of different models as well as their controversial results. Our review provides insights for future studies to resolve these controversies, in addition to underlining the common results between various models. We also highlight the need to compare the results from simulation and mathematical models with …

The Effects Of Acetazolamide On Ischemia Reperfused Isolated Hearts Of 2- And 8-Week-Old Rabbits., Sohyla Reshadat, Rojin Nikray, Shirin Alord, Dareuosh Shackebaei, Aliashraf Godini, Mahvash Hesari

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of acetazolamide on the ischemia-reperfused isolated hearts of 2- and 8-week-old rabbits. METHODS This study was conducted at the Kermanshah Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran from March to September 2011. Two- (n=17) and 8-week old (n=17) rabbits were separately divided into 2 control (n=9), and test (n=8) groups. Isolated hearts were subjected to 35 minutes ischemia and 30 minutes reperfusion. Acetazolamide (100 microgr/l) was added to the perfusion solution for 10 minutes before ischemia in the test group. Cardiac parameters including ventricular pressure, heart rate (HR), and rate pressure product (RPP) were measured. Data …

Effects Of Enteral And Parenteral Glutamine On Intestinal Mucosa And On Levels Of Blood Glutamine, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, And Interleukin-10 In An Experimental Sepsis Model., Sevgi Kesici, Ulku A. Turkmen, Ugur Kesici, Aysel Altan, Erdal Polat

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of enteral and parenteral glutamine (Gln) usage on rats in sepsis. METHODS: This study was conducted in Istanbul University Experimental Medical Research Institution (DETAE) laboratory, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey between June and September 2009. The levels of blood Gln, tumor necrosis-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin (IL)-10 was measured. Samples of tissue were obtained from the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and lower lobe of the right lung to evaluate the reproduction of bacteria, and samples of tissue were also obtained from the small intestine to evaluate blood and villus atrophy. RESULTS: Bacteremia of Group EP (combined group) …

Antimicrobial Properties Of 3 Medicinal Plants From Saudi Arabia Against Some Clinical Isolates Of Bacteria., Saad A. Alamri, Mahmoud F. Moustafa

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVES: To examine the in vitro antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of fresh fruits of Solanum incanum L., fresh leaves of Ricinus communis L. and Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum L., and to determine and quantify the phenol compounds of the investigated plant parts. METHODS: This study was carried out at the Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from July 2011 to September 2011. Nine clinical strains of bacteria and 3 ethanol extracts of 3 plant species were used for the antimicrobial study. Thirty grams of each sample was ground, filtrated, and each filtrate mixed …

Dermatophagoides In Childhood Asthma. Allergy To Dermatophagoides Associates More Severe Childhood Asthma With A Potential Role For Acaricides., Tamer M. Adham, Safwat A. Tawfik

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate hypersensitivity to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus) and Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae) in pediatric patients with asthma, and the use of acaricides. METHODS: This is a randomized controlled trial in 82 asthmatic children. They were recruited and evaluated for severity and chronicity according to the Global Initiative for Asthma Guidelines. The study was carried out in the Pediatric Allergy Clinic, Al Noor Hospital, Khalifa Branch, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates between September 2008 and June 2010. Skin prick test (SPT) was performed including D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae, and for those who were sensitive to one, or the …

Mathematics & Statistics Newsletter March 2012, Rit Department Of Mathematics And Statistics

RIT Digital Archives

No abstract provided.

Is Digital Art Upstaged By Its Own Medium?, David Versluis

Pro Rege

This paper was presented at the 2011 CIVA (Christians in the Visual Arts) Biennial Conference, at Biola University, in Los Angeles. The theme of the conference was Matter and Spirit: Art and Belief in the Digital Age. The paper has been modified for this publication.

Be Careful What You Wish For: Changing Doctrines, Changing Technologies And The Lower Cost Of War, Rosa Brooks

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The collective security structure created by the U.N. Charter is becoming shakier than ever, and two recent trends pose particular challenges to Charter rules on the use of force. The first trend involves a normative shift in understandings of state sovereignty, and the second trend involves improvements in technology--specifically, the rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicles, precision weapons, and surveillance technologies. Each trend on its own raises difficult issues. Together, they further call into question international law’s ability to meaningfully constrain the use of force by states.

Queer Love In Woolf's Orlando And Chu's Notes Of A Desolate Man, Pei-Wen Clio Kao

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In her article "Queer Love in Woolf's Orlando and Chu's Notes of a Desolate Man" Pei-Wen Clio Kao analyses Virginia Woolf and T'ien-Wen Chu's novels in the context of gender studies. Kao's reading of Orlando and Notes of a Desolate Man is an elaboration on homosexual sensibilities of both men and women based on the concept of écriture féminine in the context of patriarchy and the former's power of subversion and change. Kao's analysis results in the finding that while Woolf's Orlando is more attuned to the feminist discourse based on an extended Western project in its period and …

Davis's Poetic Dialogue With Leiris's Autobiography, Jonathan Evans

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In his article "Davis's Poetic Dialogue with Leiris's Autobiography" Jonathan Evans analyzes Lydia Davis's translation of the first two parts of Michel Leiris's autobiography, which shows an encounter between two writers. Davis has also written stories which reference Leiris and thus position him as a precursor. Evans proposes that Leiris is not only a source of influence for Davis, but that their texts can be read as a dialogue. Using a methodology that draws on Lacanian psychoanalysis, Evans shows how Leiris focuses on sound and graphological patterns in order to understand his own conscious and unconscious relationship with words. Davis, …

Trauma, Apocalypse, And Ethics In Israeli Theater, Zahava Caspi

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In her article "Trauma, Apocalypse, and Ethics in Israeli Theater" Zahava Caspi traces the traumatic experience as a point of departure in apocalyptic plays in Israeli literature. Caspi argues that in Israeli apocalyptic plays a critical gap opens up between the fictional narrative that ends with destruction and the theatrical apparatus that creates a sense of continuity. The theatrical text delivers a message to the audience inviting them to increase their engagement with and accountability for continuity not merely during the theatrical event, but more significantly, once the performance is over. The play's moral imperative to provide a "positive" ending …

Nailing Jelly To The Wall: Understanding Postmodernism's Influence On Library Information Science, Bob Lemoine

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

How did we get into this anyway? "Defining" postmodernism

Q: What do you get when you cross a postmodernist with a Mafia boss?

A: Someone who will make you an offer that no one can understand!

(Cook, 2001(b), p. 18)

This is the attempt to define something which by its very nature avoids definition. Before we can speak of the influence postmodernism is having on library and information areas, we have to at least make the attempt to understand what postmodernism is. Several of these "definitions" are what postmodernism is not while others focus on what postmodernism seeks to be. …

Information Use, Satisfaction, And Difficulties: A Case Study Of Agricultural Scientists In India, K.P. Singh

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The present period is marked by rapid change in the manner in which scientific and technical information is acquired, created, stored, repackaged, retrieved and disseminated. Access to current and retrospective agricultural sciences literature play an important role in ensuring that agricultural scientists at all levels may able to maintain high standards of research, teaching, training and consultancy. The results of agricultural research are published through various channels of communication in order that the information may be communicated/ transmitted to the agricultural scientists as speedily as possible. It is essential that the agricultural scientists be informed timely of latest innovations and …

Disaster Preparedness At The State Public Library, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, Abdulwahab Olanrewaju Issa, Mulikat Bola Aliyu, Adegboyega Francis Adedeji, Akangbe Bisilola Rachel

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

There are many kind of libraries for different purpose. Unlike the other types of libraries that are meant for specific group of users, public libraries are not restricted to any group of users. They are more or less a universal library; as some perceive them as the "poor people's university"; expected to serve all kinds of people including young children, the physically challenged and those who, for one reason or the other, are incapacitated, such as the hospital patients and the prisoners. Public libraries serve the general needs of cities, towns, villages and some larger areas and are saddled …

Relationship Between The Foveal Avascular Zone And Foveal Pit Morphology, Adam M. Dubis, Benjamin R. Hansen, Robert F. Cooper, Joseph Beringer, Alfredo Dubra, Joseph Carroll

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose. To assess the relationship between foveal pit morphology and size of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ).

Methods. Forty-two subjects were recruited. Volumetric images of the macula were obtained using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Images of the FAZ were obtained using either a modified fundus camera or an adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope. Foveal pit metrics (depth, diameter, slope, volume, and area) were automatically extracted from retinal thickness data, whereas the FAZ was manually segmented by two observers to extract estimates of FAZ diameter and area.

Results. Consistent with previous reports, the authors observed significant variation in foveal pit …

The Jamu System In Indonesia: Linking Small-Scale Enterprises, Traditional Knowledge And Social Empowerment Among Women In Indonesia, Maria Costanza Torri

Journal of International Women's Studies

Medicinal plants have been used extensively in numerous countries, Indonesia included, in the domain of traditional medicine and of natural product industry. Few studies have focused on the commercial aspects of medicinal plants in local communities and on its potential impact on gender development in urban and peri-urban areas. This article aims to analyze the impact of women enterprises active in the traditional herbal sector (jamu) in Indonesia in terms of household revenues and social status. The paper emphasizes how, despite the important socio-economic results of small-scale enterprises in the jamu sector in the city of Jogjakarta, some challenges of …

Book Review: Feminist Epistemology And Philosophy Of Science: Power In Knowledge, Susanne Pohlmann

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science: Power in Knowledge, edited by Heidi E. Grasswick

Punching Like A Girl: Embodied Violence And Resistance In The Context Of Women’S Self-Defense, Emilia Aaltonen

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay explores the way discourses of gender and aggression can be combined in the female body. Traditionally, the female body has been seen as that of a victim and the man’s body as that of an aggressor. Although the behaviours are absorbed through learning and repetitive action, these essentialist discourses of the gendered body have become naturalized. I suggest that gendered behaviours are not fixed and, just as they are learned in the first place, they can also be unlearned and replaced by new ones. Using the example of women’s self-defense, the essay investigates how women can train their …

Gendered Performance Performing Gender In The Diy Punk And Hardcore Music Scene, Naomi Griffin

Journal of International Women's Studies

This article considers the relevance of geographical theories about gender roles and how gender is performed, to the situated context of a local DIY (‘Do It Yourself) punk scene. It draws on an auto-ethnographic study carried out by the author between September 2008 and May 2009, which explored the themes of the body, gendered performativity and gendered spatialities. The study was based on the author’s observations, reflections and conversations with other participants at live music events (‘shows’) in a particular region of the UK, but also revealed how DIY punk offers an example of an imagined community, crossing temporal, spatial …

Report To The City Of Chicago On Conflicts With Ring-Billed Gulls And The 2011 Integrated Ring-Billed Gull Damage Management Project, J. W. Hartmann, S. F. Beckerman, R. M. Engeman, T. W. Seamans, S. Abu-Absi

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The large ring-billed gull (Larus delawarensis) population in Chicago has caused various conflicts including general nuisance, property damage, economic losses, and threats to human health and safety. Several studies have linked ring-billed gulls to increased levels of fecal indicator bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) in nearshore waters. Results of tests for E. coli have led to the issuance of swim advisories and swim bans for Chicago beaches.

The objectives of the 2011 Chicago Ring-billed Gull Damage Management Project were to (1) reduce the local production of ring-billed gulls, (2) reduce the severity of conflicts with gulls …

Home Ranges Of The Nilgai Antelope (Boselaphus Tragocamelus) In Texas, Jonathan D. Moczygemba, David G. Hewitt, Tyler A. Campbell, J. Alfonso Ortega-S., Justin Feild, Mickey W. Hellickson

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Information related to home ranges of the nilgai antelope (Boselaphus tragocamelus) was needed to estimate spread of cattle-fever ticks (Riphicephalus microplus and R. annulatus) and to develop management protocols. We captured, placed telemetry collars on, and monitored 10 male and 12 female nilgai antelopes during February 2006–May 2008. We detected no difference between size of home ranges of males and females and determined maximum axes of home ranges of 16.3 and 13.8 km, respectively. The combination of large home ranges and large axes of home range indicates that if cattle-fever ticks are being maintained on nilgai …

Kenyon Collegian - March 1, 2012

The Kenyon Collegian

No abstract provided.

Dazai's Women: Dazai Osamu And His Female Narrators, Jamie Walden Cox

Dissertations and Theses

Dazai Osamu (born Tsushima Shûji) was a post-WWII writer who wrote a number of works using a female narrator. This thesis research focused on the reasons as to why Dazai may have written using female narratives, taking into consideration the time period and social milieu in which he was writing, as well as his own personal history with women. In addition, the history of male authors utilizing female narratives was explored, as well as the ideas of gender in the Japanese arts. Dazai works were also compared with Tankizaki Junichirô's to see how the roles of women in their works …

Anthropogenic Climate Change And Allergic Diseases, James Blando, Leonard Bielory, Viann Nguyen, Rafael Diaz, Hueiwang Anna Jeng

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Climate change is expected to have an impact on various aspects of health, including mucosal areas involved in allergic inflammatory disorders that include asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis and anaphylaxis. The evidence that links climate change to the exacerbation and the development of allergic disease is increasing and appears to be linked to changes in pollen seasons (duration, onset and intensity) and changes in allergen content of plants and their pollen as it relates to increased sensitization, allergenicity and exacerbations of allergic airway disease. This has significant implications for air quality and for the global food supply.

Developing A Strong Business Model & Organizational Structure: The Role Of Job Enrichment In The Tourism Industry, Alexandra Sousa

Journalism

No abstract provided.