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Freshwater Fish Biogeography In The Bering Glacier Region, Alaska, Heidi L. Weigner

Biological Sciences

Bering Glacier, Alaska, is Earth's largest surging glacier, with surges occurring approximately every 20-30 years since 1900. Surges and subsequent retreats lead to a dynamic environment for aquatic communities, as glacial ice over-rides landscapes and new habitats form during glacial retreat. Lands around Bering Glacier are administered by the State of Alaska and the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Purposes of this study are to characterize fish communities and provide information relevant to their management for BLM. Given Bering Glacier's remoteness, little information exists regarding its fish communities. Fish were collected over five summer field seasons (2002-2006), with 10 …

Genetic And Environmental Effects On Developmental Timing, Otolith Formation, And Gill Raker Development In Pink Salmon From Auke Creek, Alaska, Dion Oxman

Fisheries

To determine how inheritance, environment, and hybridization influenced developmental timing, otolith formation, and gill raker development in pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), full and half-sibling families from Auke Creek, Alaska and third generation outbred hybrids between Auke Creek females and Pillar Creek males from Kodiak Island, Alaska (1,000 km distant) were incubated in ambient, chilled, and warmed water. Variation in development time of embryos from the odd-year broodline was primarily influenced by additive genetic factors, whereas no genetic effect was detected in the even-year run. No genotype-by environment (GxE) effects were associated with sires or families in either broodline, indicating that …

The George-Anne, Georgia Southern University

The George-Anne

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The Parthenon, April 17, 2012, Crystal Myers

The Parthenon

The Parthenon, Marshall University’s student newspaper, is published by students Monday through Friday during the regular semester and weekly Thursday during the summer. The editorial staff is responsible for the news and the editorial content.

Another Geoscience Department 'Bites The Dust', Larry E. Davis

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

No abstract provided.

Herbert Hoover: Only An Eye For Gold?, Larry E. Davis

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

Herbert Hoover, 31st President of the United States, was a successful mining engineer and author prior to becoming president. Part of his mining engineering career was spent in the goldfields of Western Australia, where he has become part of the local folklore. Hoover allegedly had an eye for the ladies and fell in love with a barmaid to whom he wrote a love poem.

Controlled Thermo-Responsive Hydrogels By Stereocomplexed Pla-Peg-Pla Consisting Of Unique Micelle Structures Of Mixed Size Copolymers, Daniel Ghrmay Abebe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Synthetic polymers have found wide spread application in the biomedical and biotechnology fields. Advances in synthetic protocols and polymer processing have made it possible to design and construct a wide variety of materials. For a successful biomedical application, a material’s design concept needs to address the issues of biocompatibility, biodegradability as well as physicochemical properties. A new class of hydrogels was introduced in the last decade which incorporated the biodegradable polymer poly (lactide). These hydrogels were formed by physical cross-linking thereby avoiding the use of toxic chemical cross-linking molecules. The driving force for gelation is the formation of stereocomplexed crystals …

Condition-Dependent Effects On Proceptive Behaviors In Meadow Voles, Nicholas James Hobbs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus, live in transitional grasslands where food is available in patches of uneven quality. As such, voles may differ in their access to quality and sufficient forage. It is hypothesized that voles that have access to better quality and more abundant forage will be more likely to signal their interest in opposite-sex conspecfics and be more likely to secure mates compared to voles that do not have such access. This and related hypotheses were tested. The expression of the behaviors used to indicate interest in a potential mate varied with the nutritional status of the actor and …

Plantation Schools: A History Of Rural Black One-Room Schools In The Mid-South And The Mississippi Delta From Reconstruction To 1968, Maurice Brown

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This dissertation addressed rural black one-room schools in the Mid-South and Mississippi Delta with particular emphasis on Bolivar and Marshall Counties in Mississippi and Fayette County in Tennessee. From Reconstruction to 1968, one-room or one-teacher schools were the predominate model used to educate black students in the Lower South. Influenced by an agrarian economy and white plantation elites, rural black schools provided a minimal eight-grade education that was disproportionately funded and staffed in comparison to white schools. While African Americans constituted the majority of the population in these regions, black education was never considered a priority among white-controlled school boards, …

A Comparison Of Lecture And Interactive Lecture Using Student Response Systems In An Inclusive And Non-Inclusive Classroom, Jenny Anne Hayes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

It is crucial for the most effective evidenced-based educational practices to be identified and implemented in our classrooms, so that students can reach their academic potential. Active learning is not a new pedagogy, but many gaps still exist in the literature specifically concerning the technology of student response systems. In an attempt to address these shortcomings, this study compared the effects of the traditional lecture method versus lectures that incorporated student response systems on students' academic achievement immediately following the lecture. This study also examined the relation between student response systems and students with disabilities in an inclusive classroom. The …

Heart's Blood: A Biography Of Lemuel Whitley Diggs, Richard Harold Nollan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This dissertation examines the career of Lemuel Whitley Diggs, who joined the faculty in 1929 at the University of Tennessee Medical Units in Memphis. As a white doctor, he spent his career seeking more effective therapies for patients afflicted with sickle cell anemia, which was considered a black disease, a racial marker, and a sign of black inferiority. His most insightful contributions to understanding sickle cell occurred in the 1930s and 1940s while he was relatively unknown except to a handful of sickle cell researchers nationwide. By the late 1940s, storing blood for later transfusion became a practical reality, enabling …

Characterization Of Bone And Brain Abnormalities Associated With Sickle Cell Disease, Hannah Blythe Shackelford

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is one of the most severe, monogenic, autosomal recessive disorders in the world. SCD causes devastating pain, inflammation, organ damage, vaso-occlusion and bone damage. The Berkeley mouse model is useful for the evalutation of the disease because the animals present symptoms similar to the human condition. The data presented in this study demostrate that SCD causes bone abnormalities in the Berkeley mouse model similar to those present in humans. Specifically, SCD causes significant decreases in bone mineral density and bone mineral content of the BERK mice in the whole body, cervical and lumbar vertebrae and femur. …

Policy And Food Security: A Comparison Of Viet Nam And India, Roxanne Nicole Buckman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The following project investigates the important links between state policy decisions and food security by comparing the cases of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam and the Republic of India. In this way, the project demonstrates how policy decisions impact food security by determining what a state does with its food resources. Each case study describes the types of policies pursued by the respective countries as well as the state of food (in)security within the population. The findings are then analyzed alongside one another to compare and contrast the different policy approaches and resulting food security situations. This analysis shows …

Caregiver Burden: A Qualitative Approach To Understanding The Experiences Of Caregivers To Technologically-Dependent Children With Cerebral Palsy, Crystal Dawn Ton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a broad term that refers to a group of chronic neurological disorders that impairs motor functing due to damage to a developieng brain. Caring for a child with CP who is technologically-dependent is a challenging experience. The caregiver's experinces are critical to understanding this population and learning best how to serve its needs. Therefore, this thesis qualitatively explores both the burdens and benefits assocaited with caregiving for a child with CP. The findings from such exploration suggest that two types of burden, objective and subjective, are present in the livesof these caregivers, as well as the …

An Analysis Of Fluvial Geomorphology Parameters Affecting Meander Migration And Dynamic Equilibrium Of The White River In Arkansas, Linh T. Duong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

An analysis of a multitude of fluvial and morphological parameters was conducted to assess the current stability conditions of various White River reaches and to accentuate the contributions imparted by these parameters to the internal processes that governed the dynamic equilibrium within these reaches. The initial step involved the extractions and computations of pertinent fluvial and morphological parameters from the HEC-RAS Model and ArcGIS.Channel stability assessment emphasized three methodologies, namely stability assessment through parametric correlations between fluvial and morphological parameters; stability evaluation with the Rosgen Stream Classification System; and stability estimation through sediment analyses and sediment related parametric correlations. Morphological …

Rethinking Captivity While Preserving The Elephant Psyche: The Renovation And Expansion Of The Elephant Exhibit At The Memphis Zoo, Mario Lashean Walker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The purpose of this thesis is to explore how the built enviornment can improve the natural, emotional and social behavior of the African Elephant species while fostering increased human interaction and empathy. The growing resistance against the capture and confinement of wild elephants by animal rights activists has prompted zoos to increase their standards for elephant confinement. The need to renovate and expand elephant habitats has become a primary concern for the zoo industry. As of March 2011, the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) has updated the standards for elephant management and care. Zoo standards for the treatment and …

Population Structure And Hybridization Of Alaskan Caribou And Reindeer: Integrating Genetics And Local Knowledge, Karen H. Mager

Biological Sciences

Alaskan caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) are a valued game species and a key grazer in Alaska's terrestrial ecosystem. Caribou herds, defined by female fidelity to calving grounds, are management units. However, the extent to which herds constitute genetic populations is unknown. Historical fluctuations in herd size, range, and distribution suggest periods of contact and isolation between herds. Likewise, historical contact between caribou and introduced domestic reindeer (R.t. tarandus) created opportunities for hybridization, but its extent is not known. I conducted an interdisciplinary study to understand how historical processes influence genetic identity and population structure of caribou and reindeer. Interviews with …

Epizootic Of Beak Deformities In Alaska: Investigation Of An Emerging Avian Disease, Caroline Van Hemert

Biological Sciences

The sudden appearance of morphological abnormalities in a wild population is often associated with underlying ecological disturbances, including those related to introduction of new pathogens or pollutants. An epizootic of beak deformities recently documented among Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and other resident bird species in Alaska has raised concern about underlying causes. This dissertation describes results from several recent studies of what we have termed "avian keratin disorder." The primary objectives of the research were to characterize the physiology and pathology of beak deformities and to address specific ecological questions related to this emerging avian disease. In a study of …

Climate-Induced Community Relocations: Creating An Adaptive Governance Framework Based In Human Rights, Robin Bronen

Biological Sciences

The specter of millions of people fleeing their homes because of climate change has sparked an international debate about creating human rights protections for climate refugees. Though scholars and journalists have focused on the southern hemisphere, this crisis is occurring with unprecedented rapidity in the Arctic. In Alaska, temperatures have increased at twice the rate of the global average. Arctic sea ice is decreasing and permafrost is thawing, which is accelerating flooding and erosion. These environmental phenomena are threatening dozens of the 200 indigenous tribes that have inhabited the Alaskan Arctic for millennia. The traditional responses of hazard prevention and …

Winter Precipitation Depths Across The North Slope Of Alaska Simulated From The Weather Research And Forcasting Model And Snowtran-3d, Sarah Jean Byam

Engineering

Accurately predicting snow distribution and blowing snow conditions in the Arctic is critical to the design of ice road construction and maintenance as well as for predicting water supplies and runoff during snowmelt, estimating the cost of snow removal, and forecasting tundra travel conditions. A current atmospheric model used by both the operational weather prediction and research communities is the Weather Research and Forecasting model. However, the built-in snow schemes in the model neglect redistribution of snow via wind, one of the key processes in snow pack evolution. This study will involve three parts: (1) diagnostic of the differences in …

Detecting Methane Ebullition In Winter From Alaskan Lakes Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Remote Sensing, Melanie J. Engram

Engineering

Methane (CH4) is a greenhouse gas with a high radiative forcing attribute, yet large uncertainties remain in constraining atmospheric CH4 sources and sinks. While freshwater lakes are known atmospheric CH4 sources, flux through ebullition (bubbling) is difficult to quantify in situ due to uneven spatial distribution and temporally irregular gas eruptions. This heterogeneous distribution of CH4 ebullition also creates error when scaling up field measurements for flux estimations. This thesis reviews estimates of CH4 contribution to the atmosphere by freshwater lakes presented in current literature and identifies knowledge gaps and the logistical difficulties in sampling CH 4 flux via ebullition …

Talking About Motherhood Matters: Articulation Of Population Policies Through National Day Rally Speeches In Singapore, Jasmine E. Tan

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

Women’s reproductive rights have always been a site of contestation. The central question this paper seeks to answer is how motherhood is constructed through the repetition of population policies by government officials and how this articulation becomes the script through which motherhood is in turn performed. This paper examines the rhetorical construction of what it means to be a mother in Singapore through the analysis of National Day Rally Speeches. Two themes emerged from this analysis: (1) Motherhood is an expensive experience and, (2) Motherhood required lifestyle changes. By unwittingly painting motherhood as negative experiences, population policies in Singapore could …

Insider And Outsider Perspective In Ethnographic Research, Anthony Naaeke, Anastacia Kurylo, Michael Grabowski, David Linton, Marie L. Radford

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

Emic and etic perspectives are consequential for research because they impact the research process, the findings of a study, and the argument made by the researcher about the implications of these findings. Moreover, because the nature of ethnographic work involves the interpretation of cultures (Geertz, 1973), there is a responsibility on the part of the researcher to the culture being studied because the perspective the researcher takes impacts the knowledge produced about the cultural group that is studied.Contributors to this discussion represent a variety of research areas including rhetoric, library studies, family, media, and intercultural communication. Recurrant themes include awareness, …

Through The Looking Glass: Weight Bias Revisited From A Symbolic Interactionist Point Of View, Latisha Lynn Balogh-Robinson

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

The existence and possible causes of weight bias, stigma, prejudice and subsequent discrimination is well documented in professional journals and scholarly works. Comparatively little focus, however, has been afforded to research targeting the theoretical and practical means to address the social stigma of obesity. This brief literature overview substantiates the pervasive nature of weight bias that exists in our communities, schools, and the workplace, as well as explores the roots and nature of prejudice as it relates to the obese. The concluding discussion proposes that revisiting weight bias through the lens of symbolic interaction theory can yield valuable insight that, …

A Global View Of Women's Involvement In Peacekeeping Activities In The Philippines, Indonesia, And Cambodia, Jennefer Lyn Lagria Bagaporo

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

Related literature showed that women’s participation in peacebuilding activities are for the survival of the family and for the protection loved ones. In that note, this paper looked into the peacebuilding activities of women from three Southeast Asian countries, namely: Cambodia, Indonesia, and the Philippines, to see: 1) if women from these three countries also engaged in peacebuilding for the survival and the concern over the family; and 2) if their engagement in peacebuilding activities served as opportunities for them to become empowered or it greatly supported and extended the existing traditional roles assigned to women. Seven profiles of women …

Judicial Efficiency In Asbestos Litigation, Alfred Chiantelli

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.

Keeping Junk Science Out Of Asbestos Litigation, David E. Bernstein

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.

Anabaena In Eutrophic Conditions, Benjamin Rayikanti

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Microorganisms have been used to aid in the cultivation of plants for centuries. One of these microorganisms is Anabaena, a genus of cyanobacteria that has been shown to enhance nitrogen fixation and grain yield in wetland rice fields. This project will investigate if increasing bacterial growth rate under eutrophic conditions (i.e., high phosphate) could potentially increase nitrogen fixation by Anabaena. Phosphorous concentration will be varied to determine the effect on growth rate as measured by changes in cell number and chlorophyll concentration.Anabaena can provide an organic, low cost and efficient way to provide a nitrogen source for …

The Us27 Protein Of Human Cytomegalovirus Enhances Signaling By Human Chemokine Receptor Cxcr4, Kathleen Arnolds, Juliet V. Spencer

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a prevalent pathogen that causes little disease except in immune-compromised hosts. HCMV establishes life-long latency by manipulating host immune responses. We have found that the US27 protein profoundly alters the activity of host chemokine receptor CXCR4. Cells expressing US27 and CXCR4 exhibited greater migration and calcium signaling than cells expressing CXCR4 alone. The mechanism for this enhanced signaling appears to be increased expression of CXCR4, and we are continuing to investigate how US27 causes up-regulation of CXCR4. This work is expected to clarify the role of US27 in immune evasion and provide insights into treatment strategies.

Viral Receptor Trafficking Regulated By Gabarap, Cendy Valle Oseguera, Carolyn C. Tu, Jie Sun, Kathleen Arnolds, Juliet V. Spencer

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread pathogen that can be life-threatening to immune-compromised patients but rarely causes disease in healthy individuals. Previous work using the yeast two-hybrid system found that GABARAP (γ-aminobutyric-acid-receptor-associated-protein) binds to HCMV US27. US27 is similar to human chemokine receptors, but is localized intracellularly instead of on the surface. Here, we examined the US27-GABARAP interaction in human cells and identified a four amino acid motif (WXXL) that mediates GABARAP binding to US27 and its localization to endosomal compartments. Since GABARAP regulates cellular receptor trafficking, these results show that viral US27 is also controlled by a cellular protein.