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Enteric Alpha Defensins In Norm And Pathology., Nikolai A Lisitsyn, Yulia A Bukurova, Inna G Nikitina, George S Krasnov, Yuri Sykulev, Sergey F Beresten

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

ABSTRACT: Microbes living in the mammalian gut exist in constant contact with immunity system that prevents infection and maintains homeostasis. Enteric alpha defensins play an important role in regulation of bacterial colonization of the gut, as well as in activation of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses of the adaptive immune system cells in lamina propria. This review summarizes currently available data on functions of mammalian enteric alpha defensins in the immune defense and changes in their secretion in intestinal inflammatory diseases and cancer.

Postpartum Weight Retention And Its Related Factors In Taiwanese Women: A Preliminary Study, Hsiu-Rong Cheng

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Purpose: Childbearing is a significant contributor to the increase of body weight and body fat, and waist circumference is an effective measurement to predict the risk of obesity-related diseases. Few studies have explored postpartum weight retention, and none have measured waist circumference in Taiwanese postpartum women. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine the current magnitude of postpartum weight retention, waist circumference, and related factors of postpartum weight retention in Taiwanese women.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of Taiwanese women was recruited from two health centers in southern Taiwan. Women's body weights and waist …

A Phenomenological Study Exploring The Perceptions And Lived Experiences Of First-Time Breastfeeding Mothers, Karen F. Phillips

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Breastfeeding is the optimal and most complete form of nutrition for infants and has been associated with numerous infant and maternal health benefits (American Academy of Pediatrics [AAP], 2005; World Health Organization [WHO], 2011). Breastfeeding has been linked to health promotion and disease prevention (AAP, 2005) and is considered "a global public health issue" (McInnes & Chambers, 2008, p. 424). Despite all that is known about the benefits of breastfeeding relative to future health, a gap remains between initiation and continuation rates. Currently only 13 percent of women are exclusively breastfeeding at 6 months (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 2011). …

Promoting Breastfeeding Through The Use Of A Unique Skin-To-Skin Intervention At An Urban Hospital, Jeannette T. Crenshaw, Karin Cadwell, Kajsa Hilarie Brimdyr, Renee' Jones, Carol Gentry, Armara Dickey, Nuala Murphy, Elizabeth H. Winslow, Kristin Svennson, Ann-Marie Widstrom

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Improving breastfeeding rates is a healthcare priority. Skin-to-skin care after birth improves maternal and newborn outcomes and is an effective strategy to address the Joint Commission perinatal core measure for exclusive breast milk feeding at discharge. Optimal skin-to-skin begins immediately after birth and continues, uninterrupted, until after the first feeding. Skin-to-skin care often is not done, is interrupted, or is delayed until multiple procedures are completed (e.g., infant weights, episiotomy repair; cesarean surgery), despite evidence supporting the practice. We conducted a unique 5-day project to improve skin-to-skin care and measured the results. The project team (nurses from the Sweden, Massachusetts, …

Continuous Versus Intermittent Nasogastric Feeding For Patients On Mechanical Ventilation: Impacts On Gastric Emptying And Pulmonary Aspiration-A Comprehensive Systematic Review, Yi-Jen Huang, Chi-Hsuan Asphodel Yang

Biennial Convention (CONV)

(41st Biennial Convention) Every 100 patients receiving mechanical ventilation, 6-25 of them will acquire ventilator associated pneumonia. Nasogastric tube (NG) feeding is usually administered to patients on ventilator for nutritional support. Yet, evidences have shown NG feeding is one of contributing factors to VAP. Evidences also have shown long-term uses of ventilator could lead to gastroesophageal reflux and pulmonary aspiration in patients also receiving NG feeding. It is unclear which NG feeding methods affect the incidence of pulmonary aspiration. A comprehensive systematic literature review was conducted to explore the effects of different NG feeding on pulmonary aspiration and gastric emptying …

The Clinical Scholar Program: A Fulbright Collaboration In Northern Thailand, Alyce A. Schultz

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Background: The Complementing Alliance for Research and Evidence-Based Practice (CARE) project was initiated in 2006 in northern Thailand to develop regional capacity for emphasizing evidence-based practice (EBP) in international health; 5 projects were initiated. In 2009, Making Evidence and EBP Consultations Accessible to Practitioners (MEECAP) was added to accelerate the uptake of EBP using a nurse clinician-instructor model. The Fulbright Senior Specialist program, initiated in 2001, provides two to six week grants to qualified scholars to work with colleagues in smaller or isolated non-United States institutions where placing a traditional Fulbright scholar is not feasible.

Approach: A Fulbright application submitted …

Prevention And Promotion Of Oral Health For Children, Marlene Huff, Peter Leahy, Diana Biordi, Sherrey Thacker, Marianne Norris, Marguerite Dimarco

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Access to dental care is a national problem. Nurses and Dietitians have a responsibility to empower mothers and their children to maintain good oral health. To address this need, a grant from The Kellogg Foundation provided money to focus on lower-income WIC children, a segment of the population particularly prone to dental decay. Children under the age of 5, received fluoride varnish to their teeth and education about nutrition and care of their teeth and mouth.

Design: This pilot study used a descriptive research design to answer the research questions: 1) What is the present condition of teeth in children …

Healthy Heart Initiative: An Apn Model Of Care For Reduction In Hf Readmissions, Judith Ann Kutzleb

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Heart Failure (HF) continues to be a major public health problem associated with high medical resource consumption, frequent and costly hospital admissions, and ultimately high mortality rates. Randomized control trials (LOE I/II) showed that patient education for disease self-management in concert with a multidisciplinary approach can improve clinical outcomes and reduce the number of admissions for worsening heart failure and/or all cause death when compared to usual care. The purpose of this program was to implement practice change for HF patient management in the acute care setting. The protocol includes patient referral to the Health Heart Initiative APN team upon …

Filipino Professional Birth Attendants' Perceptions About Maternal Services And Childbirth At Home, Stephen C. Hadwiger, Mariquit C. Hadwiger

Biennial Convention (CONV)

The Department of Health-Republic of the Philippines (DHRP; 1999) reported prenatal care by a professional birth attendant (physician, nurse, or midwife) reduced risks during childbirth. One third of women in the Philippines use a traditional birth attendant (paltera) during childbirth (DHRP, 2003).  The purpose of this second phase ethnographic study was to describe maternal care services and perceptions among professional birth attendants from municipalities in Iloilo Province where Filipina mothers had previously been interviewed. A convenience sample of 15 licensed midwives and one registered nurse were interviewed regarding their services to Filipino mothers and perceptions about mothers' cultural beliefs. Fieldwork …

Global Perspectives On The Ministry Of Parish Nursing Practice: Frequently Used Interventions By Parish Nurses In Swaziland, Africa, United Kingdom And United States, Phyllis Ann Solari-Twadell, Helen Wordsworth, Cynthia Gustafson

Biennial Convention (CONV)

This presentation compares data from a replication of a national study of most frequently used nursing interventions by parish nurses in the United States. The purpose of the international studies is to identify the most frequently used interventions by parish nurses in Swaziland, Africa and United Kingdom. These international findings are compared with the national study done in the United States. The design of the studies is descriptive and cross sectional Respondents used a survey consisting of 486 nursing interventions included in the Nursing Intervention Classification System. The survey used a five point scale using rarely if at all, about …

Can Nursing Escape The Medical Model?, Rilda Brostrom Matthews

Biennial Convention (CONV)

ESCAPE-C is an acronym for an Assessment Tool for the first step of the Nursing Process. It is derived from concepts identified by major theorists and is used as a consistent framework for identifying patient needs. It incorporates the standard Nursing Process and is up to date with current Nursing Diagnoses. The needed concepts to be assessed are summarized in the ESCAPE-C acronym. Nurses need to assess needs of the persons or groups in response to their Environment, Self (Psycho, Social, Cultural and Spiritual needs), Comfort, ADL's [further delineated to MEETS: Move-Eat-Eliminate-Toilet-Sleep], Physical assessment and assessment of Educational needs. They …

The Ghosts Of Violence Past: The Impact Of Sexual And Gender-Based Violence On Social Capital In Post-Conflict Uganda, Taylor Jacoby

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Childcare Providers' Perceptions Of Prekindergarten Partnerships, Eunice Robinson Harris

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This study was designed to explore 4 childcare providers' descriptions and perceptions of their state-funded public academic prekindergarten partnerships with a mid-southern public school district. The 2 main research questions were: 1.) How do 4 childcare providers describe their participation as community partners with a public school systems' state-funded academic 4-year-old prekindergarten program?, and 2.) How do 4 childcare providers' perceptions portray the state-funded academic 4-year-old program partnerships? This study revealed the school district and childcare providers' partnerships held opportunities to become more sustainable over time as the resolved barriers such as hiring all certified prekindergarten teachers for the partnerships …

Renewing Healthy Competition: Compulsory Licenses And Why Abuses Of The Trips Article 31 Standards Are Most Damaging To The United States Healthcare Industry, Jon Matthews

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

No abstract provided.

Academic Senate - Meeting Minutes, 1/10/2012, Academic Senate

Academic Senate Minutes

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Weaning Age And Winter Development Environment On Heifer Grazing Distribution, N.L. Hojer, M.B. Hubert, P.S. Johnson, M.H. Price

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

The objective of this experiment was to determine if early weaning (approximately 125 d) vs. normal weaning (approximately 250 d) and wintering replacement heifers in drylot versus rangeland affected heifer grazing distribution during the subsequent summer. Heifer calves from the 2009 and 2010 calf crop (n = 104 and 73, respectively) were allocated to the 2 weaning treatments and then stratified by age into the 2 winter development treatments. During the summer of yr 1 heifers were allocated to 2 pastures by winter treatment, and in yr 2, all 4 treatment combinations were allocated to separate pastures. A subset of …

2012 January 10 - Medical Student Education Committee Minutes, Medical Student Education Committee, East Tennessee State University

Medical Student Education Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

Replacement Gastrostomy Tube Causing Acute Pancreatitis: Case Series With Review Of Literature, Anish M. Shah, Nihar Shah Md, Joseph R. Depasquale

Gastroenterology

Context Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) feedings are generally considered safe with few serious complications. Acute pancreatitis is a rare complication associated with replacement percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes.

Case report We report two cases of acute pancreatitis induced by migrated replacement percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes.

Conclusions Migration of a balloon into the duodenum can result in external manipulation of the ampulla of Vater thereby disturbing the flow of pancreatic secretions leading to acute pancreatitis. Recognition of this complication is important and should be included as potential etiology of acute pancreatitis in patients receiving percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feedings. Periodic examination and documentation …

Transcriptome-Based Differentiation Of Closely-Related Miscanthus Lines, Philippe Chouvarine, Shane C. Burgess, Daniel G. Peterson

CVM Publications

No abstract provided.

January 9, 2012 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - January 8, 2012, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the January 8, 2012 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• Alabama Quarterback Wears Bracelet In Honor of Children's & Women's Hospital Patient
• USA College of Medicine Welcomes Dr. Sabrina G. Bessette
• Mark Your Calendars: Gulf Coast Liver Support Group Meeting
• USA Physicians Group Donates Goods to Local Women's Shelter
• Reminder: January Med School Café
• Next Week's DSS - Dr. Zhigang Xiong

Influence Of Propionate Salt Levels On Young Cow Reproductive Performance, J.A. Walker, G.A. Perry, K.C. Olson

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

A supplementation study was conducted to evaluate level of propionate salt (Ca-propionate) on young cow performance over two years. One hundred-twenty cows were allocated to one of three treatments at calving. Propionate salt was incorporated in a protein supplement at a rate of 0, 80 or 160 g/d. Cows were individually supplemented twice weekly at 2 lbs/d. In year 1, cows had access to pasture and hay. In year 2, cows had access to a native range pasture. Blood was collected weekly and analyzed for progesterone (P4) to determine postpartum interval (≥1 ng P4/ml). Weights and body condition scores (BCS) …

On Writ Of Certiorari To The United States Court Of Appeals For The Eleventh Circuit, Brief For Private Petitioners On Severability, National Federation Of Independent Business, Et Al., V. Kathleen Sebelius, Et Al., State Of Florida, Et Al., V. Department Of Health And Human Services, Et Al., Nos. 11-393, 11-400 (U.S. Jan. 6, 2012), Randy E. Barnett

U.S. Supreme Court Briefs

No abstract provided.

Marijuana Legalization. Initiative Statute.

Initiatives

Decriminalizes marijuana and hemp use, possession, cultivation, transportation, or distribution. Provides persons arrested or serving time for non-violent marijuana offenses shall be immediately released from prison, jail, parole or probation, and arrest records and convictions for non-violent marijuana offenses shall be erased. Authorizes Legislature to adopt laws to license and tax commercial marijuana sales. Allows doctors to approve or recommend marijuana to patients, regardless of age. Limits testing for marijuana for employment or insurance purposes. Bars state from aiding enforcement of federal marijuana laws. Summary of estimate by Legislative Analyst and Director of Finance of fiscal impact on state and …

Relationships Between Urinary Biomarkers Of Phytoestrogens, Phthalates, Phenols, And Pubertal Stages In Girls, Tandra R. Chakraborty, Eilliut Alicea, Sanjoy Chakraborty

Publications and Research

Phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols are estrogen-disrupting chemicals that have a pronounced effect at puberty. They are exogenous chemicals that are either plant-derived or man-made, and can alter the functions of the endocrine system and cause various health defects by interfering with the synthesis, metabolism, binding, or cellular responses of natural estrogens. Phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols are some of the potent estrogens detectable in urine. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived xenestrogens found in a wide variety of food products, like soy-based food, beverages, several fruits, and vegetables. Exposure to phytoestrogens can delay breast development and further lead to precocious puberty. The effect of …

January 6, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Construction And Transformation Of A Thermotoga-E. Coli Shuttle Vector, Zhaohui Xu, Dongmei Han, Stephen M. Norris

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Thermotoga spp. are attractive candidates for producing biohydrogen, green chemicals, and thermostable enzymes. They may also serve as model systems for understanding life sustainability under hyperthermophilic conditions. A lack of genetic tools has hampered the investigation and application of these organisms. This study aims to develop a genetic transfer system for Thermotoga spp. Results: Methods for preparing and handling Thermotoga solid cultures under aerobic conditions were optimized. A plating efficiency of similar to 50% was achieved when the bacterial cells were embedded in 0.3% Gelrite. A Thermotoga-E. coli shuttle vector pDH10 was constructed using pRQ7, a cryptic mini-plasmid found …

The Food Safety Modernization Act Of 2011: Too Little, Too Broad, Too Bad, Nicholas Obolensky

Roger Williams University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Educational Policies Committee Program Proposal, College Of Agriculture And Applied Sciences, January 6, 2012 - Master Of Food Safety And Quality, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

The current Master of Food Microbiology and Safety degree offered through the Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences Department at Utah State University is a graduate degree that covers food science and other technology areas related to the manufacture of safe and wholesome foods. It is requested that the name of the degree be changed to Master of Food Safety and Quality (MFSQ).

Educational Policies Committee Program Proposal, College Of Agriculture And Applied Sciences, January 6, 2012 - Center For Human Nutrition Studies, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

The Utah Science Technology and Research initiative (USTAR) Applied Nutrition Research Team in partnership with the College of Agriculture requests permission to create theCenter for Human Nutrition Studies at Utah State University.