Digital Commons Network^™

The Problem Of Convicting Innocent Persons: How Often Does It Occur And How Can It Be Prevented?, Leon Friedman

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

In order to determine the number of innocent persons convicted and the severity of the problem that exists, it is necessary to examine the statistics. As indicated below, an often-quoted figure representing the number of wrongly persons convicted is about 0.5% of all criminal cases, or 30,000, which is not an insignificant number. Some modest changes in the system, particularly furnishing defendants with more exculpatory evidence at the outset, might make a significant change in that number.

The article focuses on the rate of false conviction of innocent people in the U.S. and highlights the steps to be taken to …

A Critique Of Philosophizing About Lawyers' Ethics, Monroe H. Freedman

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

Philosophical theorizing about lawyers' ethics is too often irrelevant to the real-life concerns of lawyers, omitting reference to relevant legal authorities and to facts that are essential to moral analysis. Rules of lawyers' ethics are in serious need of reform from a moral perspective, and more practical moral criticism is badly needed. Philosophical ethicists should put their moral sensitivity and keen intellects to use to bring about much needed improvement in the ethics and practice of lawyers and judges.

Law As A Profession: Examining The Role Of Accountability, Susan Saab Fortney

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

In asserting that law is a profession, not a business, lawyers often refer to the role that self-governance plays in the legal profession. Julius Henry Cohen captured this sentiment in the following exhortation: “Ours is a profession...The sins of one of us are the sins of all of us.” Come, brethren, let us clean house.” Meaningful self-governance requires accountable and independent professionals. This article tackles accountability as fundamental aspects of professionalism. The examination of accountability considers fissures in accountability as demonstrated in lawyers’ rush to jump on the limited liability bandwagon and resistance to mandatory legal malpractice insurance and insurance …

Defense Of Marriage Act, Will You Please Go Now!, Joanna L. Grossman

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

The time has come.
The time has come.
The time is now.
Just go.
Go.
GO!
I don’t care how.
You can go by foot.
You can go by cow.
Marvin K. Mooney, will you please go now!

These are the opening lines of Marvin K. Mooney Will You Please Go Now!, a Dr. Seuss book that my three sons and I have read literally hundreds of times. It has all the usual appeal of a Dr. Seuss book -- euphonious rhymes, made-up words and objects, fantastical creatures. But it has something else, too. An air of mystery. The …

Law Schools As Knowledge Centers In The Digital Age, Vern R. Walker, A. J. Durwin, Philip H. Hwang, Keith Langlais, Mycroft Boyd

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

This article first defines the general concept of a "knowledge center," and then demonstrates that research laboratories in the sciences provide a concrete example of that concept. This article then applies both the general concept of a "knowledge center" and the scientific research paradigm to legal education in the digital age. Since the information explosion, which occurred as a result of widespread access to the Internet and the World Wide Web, law schools have increasingly employed online tools to disseminate their traditional knowledge products. Being a knowledge center in the digital age, however, also involves re-conceptualizing the forms of useful …

The Community Prosecutor: Questions Of Professional Discretion, Bruce A. Green, Alafair Burke

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

This Article examines community prosecuting from an ethics perspective. Our focus is not on prosecutors’ compliance with the disciplinary rules, however. The strategies that have been said to exemplify community prosecuting are almost invariably compliant with disciplinary rules and other aspects of the law governing prosecutors. Rather, we take a broader perspective. Our focus is on how prosecutors exercise discretion in the context of adopting community prosecution strategies. We examine this question from both normative and procedural perspectives. We propose that the addition of community-based defense lawyers could help mitigate concerns about prosecutorial discretion in community justice programs by broadening …

The Oil Pollution Act's Provisions On Damages For Economic Loss, David W. Robertson

MC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Making The Most Of Marriage Therapy, Jana Darrington, Naomi Brower, Eric Walker

All Current Publications

While meeting with a skilled marriage therapist can be helpful in strengthening a marriage, the couple greatly influences the effectiveness of the marriage therapy experience. This fact sheet concludes that aAn effective therapist can provide a framework to help couples work on their relationship, but the couple is ultimately in charge and has great influence in the goals, changes and outcomes based on their level of commitment and effort. By recognizing their own influence and importance, couples can take the lead in creating a satisfying and rewarding relationship that can last a lifetime.

United States House Elections Post-Citizens United: The Influence Of Unbridled Spending, Laura L. Gaffey

Honors Projects

After the Citizens United decision in 2010 allowed corporations and unions to spend freely in elections, much media attention was given to the influence of unlimited and undisclosed donations during the 2010 midterm elections. This research attempts to determine the impact of increased outside spending by super PACs and other groups post-Citizens United by comparing United States House races in 2006 and 2010. The analysis controls for other factors that influence election outcomes in order to determine the influence of outside spending, confirming that outside money did have a small measurable effect in both elections when spent to support challengers. …

Attachment Theory And The Sexual Double Standard, Erin A. Vogel

Honors Projects

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between adults’ attachment orientation and their exhibition of the sexual double standard. According to attachment theory, adults who score higher on measures of anxious attachment are more clingy, jealous, and fearful of abandonment. Those who are more avoidant are distrustful and uncomfortable with intimacy. The sexual double standard is the belief that men are rewarded for sexual activity while women are derogated for the same activity. Participants read about a male or female who has had either 12 sexual partners or 1 sexual partner. They then evaluated the person’s …

Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron And Protein Glycation In Type 2 Diabetes, Desley White

School of Health Professions Theses

Background and Methods The involvement of iron in the risk for, and complications of, type 2 diabetes has generated substantial interest over the past 15 years, initially sparked by an association with raised serum ferritin, and the observation that people with iron overload diseases frequently develop diabetes. Considerable advances have since been made in understanding the effect glucose has on molecules, cells, and tissues; and the role that oxidative stress plays in the development of the pathologies of long-term diabetes. Poorly liganded iron is potentially both a contributor to, and consequence of, these complications. In vitro experiments with glucose-incubated transferrin …

Applied Energy Systems: Hydrostatic Fluid Power Transmission And Flow In Pipes, Jim Mcgovern

Book/Book Chapters

This is an intentionally compact textbook or set of notes for a module addressing basic Fluid Mechanics for incompressible fluids within the context of Applied Energy Systems. Rather than attempting to cover Fluid Mechanics in a very broad and general way, two practical areas are selected in the use of fluids: hydrostatic power transmission systems and the flow of fluids through pipes and fittings. This allows the two areas to be presented in some detail, but also allows them to be sample application areas that would enable learners to put the principles of fluid mechanics into context, while developing their …

A Simulation Analysis Of Photovoltaic Ac Module Integrated Converters In Parallel, Under Controlled Edge Shading Conditions, Lynette O'Callaghan, Mick Mckeever, Brian Norton

Conference Papers

A DC and AC power simulation comparison of: a Photovoltaic (PV) array with a modular, parallel, AC converter configuration; and a series, string configuration with a central AC converter, is presented. The systems are simulated using a comprehensive range of edge shading scenarios and irradiance conditions. Power control and transformation circuitry must be designed for shade and module mismatch tolerance to prevent over-proportional power to shade losses, as average losses from Building Integrated PV (BIPV) systems are approximately 20 to 25%, due to shade, mismatch, differences in orientation and inclination, and temperature effects. 59.4% of the simulations showed gains in …

Occupational Noise Exposure Of Nightclub Bar Employees In Ireland, Gary Henehan, Aoife Kelly, Sara Boyd, Gordon Chambers

Articles

Due to the transposition of the EU Directive 2003/10/EC into Irish Law, the entertainment sector was obligated to comply with the requirements of the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work (General Application) Regulations 2007, Chapter 1 Part 5: Control of Noise at Work since February 2008. Compliance with the Noise Regulations was examined in 9 nightclubs in Ireland. The typical daily noise exposure of 19 bar employees was measured using 2 logging dosimeters and a Type 1 fixed position sound level meter. Physical site inspections identified nightclub noise control measures. Interviews and questionnaires were used to assess the managers and …

Enhanced Refractometer Based On Periodically Tapered Small Core Singlemode Fiber, Pengfei Wang, Gilberto Brambilla, Ming Ding, Timothy Lee, Lin Bo, Yuliya Semenova, Qiang Wu, Gerald Farrell

Articles

Abstract—An all-fiber 1 refractive index (RI) sensor with a 2 simple configuration of periodical tapers is proposed and inves3 tigated experimentally. The proposed fiber RI sensor consists of 4 a small core fiber sandwiched between two standard singlemode 5 fibers, with tapers periodically fabricated along the small core 6 fiber using a focused CO2 laser beam. Such a structure can be 7 used for RI sensing by measuring the dip wavelength shift of 8 the multimode interference within the small core fiber cladding. 9 An average sensitivity of 226.6 nm/RIU (RI Unit) has been 10 experimentally achieved in the RI …

Using Quest3d To Develop Ves: A Tool For Enhancing Electrical Safety And Design In The Built Environment, Martin Barrett, Jonathan Blackledge

Conference papers

This paper presents a novel desktop virtual reality model titled Virtual Electrical Services (VES), developed to enhance electrical safety and design in the built environment. The model developed using Quest3D has the potential to be used as an industry design tool or as an educational tool for third level students and represents a significant watershed in how electrical services engineers can potentially design buildings and interpret their design decisions. A description of the software development process of the virtual reality model is presented along with the applications that were developed within the model. Based on the early implementation of this …

Distributed Formal Concept Analysis Algorithms Based On An Iterative Mapreduce Framework, Ruairí De Fréin, Biao Xu, Eric Robson, Mícheál Ó Fóghlú

Conference papers

While many existing formal concept analysis algorithms are efficient, they are typically unsuitable for distributed implementation. Taking the MapReduce (MR) framework as our inspiration we introduce a distributed approach for performing formal concept mining. Our method has its novelty in that we use a light-weight MapReduce runtime called Twister which is better suited to iterative algorithms than recent distributed approaches. First, we describe the theoretical foundations underpinning our distributed formal concept analysis approach. Second, we provide a representative exemplar of how a classic centralized algorithm can be implemented in a distributed fashion using our methodology: we modify Ganter’s classic algorithm …

Learning Lessons From The Past: Legal Issues Arising From Ireland's Child Abuse Reports, Ursula Kilkelly

Irish Journal of Applied Social Studies

Inquiries have played an important role in telling the stories of children abused and neglected in Ireland in situations of family abuse, clerical abuse and institutional abuse. The inquiries – associated with the name of the chairperson (Ryan) or by their geographical remit (Dublin, Ferns, Cloyne, Kilkenny and Roscommon) – serve to vindicate the rights of the children affected and to identify the failure of the authorities to protect children from harm. They also make numerous recommendations as to how children’s treatment can be improved. Although each inquiry had varying terms of reference, scope and status, together they address a …

Book Review: Child Sexual Abuse And The Catholic Church: Gender, Power And Organizational Culture, Rosaleen Mcelvaney

Irish Journal of Applied Social Studies

No abstract provided.

Development Of A Robotic Platform For Upper Limb Rehabilitation, Stephen Curran, Nigel Kent, David Kennedy, James Conlon

Conference Papers

The aim of this project is to develop a rehabilitation robot intended for use in a non-specialised or domestic setting. Robots have been shown to have a positive effect on limb rehabilitation and developing rehabilitation robots for use outside of specialist rehabilitation centres could be beneficial in terms of access to, intensity and cost of treatment. The device is intended for the rehabilitation of the shoulder/elbow region of the upper limbs. The design requirements for such a device mean that it must be low cost, portable, robust and have a detailed focus on safety. Other areas of interest pertaining to …

The Edition Freshers' Guide, 2012, Dit News Society

Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Trust In The Information Society, Brian O'Neill

Articles

Trust is an important feature for all users of the Internet who rely on the safety and security of network technologies and systems for their daily lives. Trust, or the lack of it, has also been identified by the European Commission’s Digital Agenda as a major barrier to further development of the information society in Europe. One of the areas in which concerns have been raised is in relation to children’s safety online. As a result, substantial efforts have been made by policymakers and by the industry to build greater trust and confidence in online digital safety. This paper examines …

Striving For World Class Excellence: Rankings And Emerging Societies, Ellen Hazelkorn

Books/Book chapters

No abstract provided.

Speech And Language Therapy Service Evaluation Policy Brief, Noirin Hayes, Siobhán Keegan, Eimer Goulding

Reports

Based in Tallaght West, CDI is the result of the professionalism, passion, and persistence of a group of 23 concerned individuals and organisations living and working in the community who had a vision of a better place for children. Through innovation partnerships, they brought together an approach which drew on both the science and the spirit of best practice in order to meet the identified needs of children and families. A partnership was agreed between the Government and The Atlantic Philanthropies, and the consortium's first piece of work was a needs analysis entitled How are our Kids (CDI, 2004). A …

Lifeline And Dit Students Of Various Disciplines, Catherine Bates

Posters

LIFELINE is a community-led project exploring the potential for transitional land use in the Grangegorman area of Dublin. DIT students across a wide range of programmes have been involved in collaborative work on this project since 2008/9, from Manufacturing and Design Engineering to Spatial Planning, and from Visual Communications to Nutraceuticals.

Manufacturing And Design Engineering Students : Database With Main, Leah Mitchell

Posters

Poster displaying details of project in conjunction with Men Alone In No-Man’s Land (MAIN), a support group for men in Dublin city. Third year students in the B Eng (Honours) Manufacturing and Design Engineering course at Bolton St completed a project in conjunction with Men Alone In No-Man’s Land (MAIN), a support group for men in Dublin city.

Title Page

The Park Place Economist

No abstract provided.

Where It All Began, Amy Chang '12, Michael Mayberger '14, Jake Mann '12

The Park Place Economist

In celebration of the 20th issue of The Park Place Economist, this year's Alumni Editors are thrilled to feature three outstanding alumni who made significant contributions to the successful publication of the very first issue.

An Insider Misuse Threat Detection And Prediction Language, Georgios Vasilios Magklaras

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Numerous studies indicate that amongst the various types of security threats, the problem of insider misuse of IT systems can have serious consequences for the health of computing infrastructures. Although incidents of external origin are also dangerous, the insider IT misuse problem is difficult to address for a number of reasons. A fundamental reason that makes the problem mitigation difficult relates to the level of trust legitimate users possess inside the organization. The trust factor makes it difficult to detect threats originating from the actions and credentials of individual users. An equally important difficulty in the process of mitigating insider …

Gauge Invariant Constructions In Yang-Mills Theories, Poonam Sharma

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Understanding physical configurations and how these can emerge from the underlying gauge theory is a fundamental problem in modern particle physics. This thesis investigates the study of these configurations primarily focussing on the need for gauge invariance in constructing the gauge invariant fields for any physical theory. We consider Wu’s approach to gauge invariance by identifying the gauge symmetry preserving conditions in quantum electrodynamics and demonstrate how Wu’s conditions for one-loop order calculations (under various regularisation schemes) leads to the maintenance of gauge invariance. The need for gauge invariance is stressed and the consequences discussed in terms of the Ward …