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The Problems With Problem Solving: Reflections On The Rise, Current Status, And Possible Future Of A Cognitive Research Paradigm, Stellan Ohlsson

The Journal of Problem Solving

The research paradigm invented by Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon in the late 1950s dominated the study of problem solving for more than three decades. But in the early 1990s, problem solving ceased to drive research on complex cognition. As part of this decline, Newell and Simon’s most innovative research practices – especially their method for inducing subjects’ strategies from verbal protocols - were abandoned. In this essay, I summarize Newell and Simon’s theoretical and methodological innovations and explain why their strategy identification method did not become a standard research tool. I argue that the method lacked a systematic …

Indentations And Starting Points In Traveling Sales Tour Problems: Implications For Theory, James N. Macgregor

The Journal of Problem Solving

A complete, non-trivial, traveling sales tour problem contains at least one “indentation”, where nodes in the interior of the point set are connected between two adjacent nodes on the boundary. Early research reported that human tours exhibited fewer such indentations than expected. A subsequent explanation proposed that this was because the observed human tours were close to the optimal, and the optimal tours happened to have few indentations. The present article reports two experiments. The first was designed to test the “few indentations” hypothesis under more stringent conditions than previously, by including point sets with two (near) optimal solutions that …

Critical Habitat And The Challenge Of Regulating Small Harms, Dave Owen

Florida Law Review

This Article investigates how the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Marine Fisheries Service, and the courts are implementing the Endangered Species Act’s prohibition on “adverse modification” of “critical habitat.” That prohibition appears to be one of environmental law’s most ambitious mandates, but its actual meaning and effect are contested. Using a database of over 4,000 “biological opinions,” interviews with agency staff, and a review of judicial decisions considering the adverse modification prohibition, this Article assesses the extent to which the Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Marine Fisheries Service, and the courts are relying on the adverse modification …

Planetarian Identity Formation And The Relocalization Of Environmental Law, Sarah Krakoff

Florida Law Review

Local food, local work, local energy production-all are hallmarks of a resurgence of localism throughout contemporary environmental thought and action. The renaissance of localism might be seen as a retreat from the world’s global environmental problems. This Article maintains, however, that some forms of localism are actually expressions, appropriate ones, of a planetary environmental consciousness. This Article’s centerpiece is an in-depth evaluation of local climate action initiatives, including interviews with participants, as well as other data and observations about their ethics, attitudes, behaviors, and motivations. The values and identities being forged in these initiatives form the basis for timely conceptions …

Balancing Compassion And Risk In Climate Adaptation: U.S. Water, Drought, And Agricultural Law, Robert W. Adler

Florida Law Review

It is inevitable that the world will experience a significant amount of global warming before efforts to mitigate the buildup of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere can even begin to succeed. Therefore, adaptation to climate change impacts, as well as mitigation, will be necessary to deal with climate disruption. In designing climate change adaptation efforts, a looming issue is how to balance the need and compassionate impulse to provide financial and other relief to victims of climate disruption impacts with the equally compelling need to reduce the overall risk of those impacts. U.S. water, drought, and agricultural law and …

An Empirical Assessment Of Climate Change In The Courts: A New Jurisprudence Or Business As Usual?, David Markell, J. B. Ruhl

Florida Law Review

With the demise of climate legislation in Congress, and the Supreme Court’s rejection of climate-related lawsuits brought under federal common law, rapt attention has turned to the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) efforts to bring greenhouse gases into the regulatory fold. Certainly, as the works in this special issue of the Florida Law Review demonstrate, EPA is not the only important player in the climate arena; indeed, as I will reluctantly suggest, the Agency’s efforts here appear to be waning rather than waxing. Even so, before turning to other aspects of the problem of climate change, discussed in other works in …

Multi-Cultural Encounter And Exchange Among Spaniards, American Indians And Africans In Colonial Florida And The Caribbean, Kathleen Deagan Phd

Hispanic Heritage of Florida Conference 2012

No abstract provided.

Unique Small Rna Signatures Uncovered In The Tammar Wallaby Genome, James Lindsay, Dawn M. Carone, Judy Brown, Laura Hall, Sohaib Qureshi, Sarah E. Mitchell, Nicholas Jannetty, Andrew Pask, Michael O’Neill, Rachel O’Neill

Open Access Author Fund Awardees' Articles

Background

Small RNAs have proven to be essential regulatory molecules encoded within eukaryotic genomes. These short RNAs participate in a diverse array of cellular processes including gene regulation, chromatin dynamics and genome defense. The tammar wallaby, a marsupial mammal, is a powerful comparative model for studying the evolution of regulatory networks. As part of the genome sequencing initiative for the tammar, we have explored the evolution of each of the major classes of mammalian small RNAs in an Australian marsupial for the first time, including the first genome-scale analysis of the newest class of small RNAs, centromere repeat associated short …

Volume 104 Issue 7, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

The Southwestern - Archive

No abstract provided.

Nor'easter News Volume 6 Issue 3, Nor'easter News Staff

Nor'easter News

The fifty-sixth issue of the University of New England's student-run newspaper, Nor'easter News.

We Are...Marshall, October 17, 2012, Office Of Marshall University Communications

We Are ... Marshall: the Newsletter for Marshall University 1999-2023

No abstract provided.

Easterner, Vol. 64, No. 4, October 17, 2012, Associated Students Of Eastern Washington University

Student Newspapers

This issue of the Easterner contains articles about student athletes, a student production of The Underpants, increased enrollment at Eastern Washington University, marijuana use on campus, Board of Trustees members James Murphy and Vicki Wilson, cold and flu season, a campus lecture by sculptor and filmmaker John Frame, Price Center Coordinator Sandra Williams, women's rugby, tailgating at football games, and the football and tennis seasons.

Murray Ledger And Times, October 17, 2012, Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

Glibenclamide Induces Collagen Iv Catabolism In High Glucose-Stimulated Mesangial Cells, Liping Zhu, Pedro Cortes, Clare Hassett, David W. Taube, Jerry Yee

Nephrology Articles

We have shown the full prevention of mesangial expansion in insulin-deficient diabetic rats by treatment with clinically-relevant dosages of glibenclamide (Glib). Studies in mesangial cells (MCs) also demonstrated reduction in the high glucose (HG)-induced accumulation of collagens, proposing that this was due to increased catabolism. In the present study, we investigated the signaling pathways that may be implicated in Glib action. Rat primary MCs were exposed to HG for 8 weeks with or without Glib in therapeutic (0.01 μM) or supratherapeutic (1.0 μM) concentrations. We found that HG increased collagen IV protein accumulation and PAI-1 mRNA and protein expression, in …

Volume 50, Number 9: October 17, 2012, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

Gene Expression Analysis Of A Murine Model With Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling Compared To End-Stage Ipah Lungs, Kayoko Shimodaira, Yoichiro Okubo, Eri Ochiai, Haruo Nakayama, Harutaka Katano, Megumi Wakayama, Minoru Shinozaki, Takao Ishiwatari, Daisuke Sasai, Naobumi Tochigi, Tetsuo Nemoto, Tsutomu Saji, Katsuhiko Kamei, Kazutoshi Shibuya

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) continues to be one of the most serious intractable diseases that might start with activation of several triggers representing the genetic susceptibility of a patient. To elucidate what essentially contributes to the onset and progression of IPAH, we investigated factors playing an important role in IPAH by searching discrepant or controversial expression patterns between our murine model and those previously published for human IPAH. We employed the mouse model, which induced muscularization of pulmonary artery leading to hypertension by repeated intratracheal injection of Stachybotrys chartarum, a member of nonpathogenic and ubiquitous fungus in our …

Whalesong 2012-10-17, N/A N/A

Whalesong

No abstract provided.

Meeting Producer Needs For Risk Management Education, Bradley D. Lubben

Cornhusker Economics

Volatile markets and challenging weather patterns are obvious risks agricultural producers have had to face in 2012. But they are just two of the many risks that producers must manage to successfully operate and grow their farms or ranches. Producers face numerous risks in several different areas, including production, price, financial, legal and human resource risk. Identifying issues and needs in each of these areas can help inform educators and tailor risk management education to producer needs.

May 68 And French Literary Production: A Periodization Of Modern Revolutionary Writing In The Works Of Conrad Detrez, Monique Wittig, And Jean Genet, Arthur F. Tang

Open Access Dissertations

This study proposes a renewed consideration of May 68 French literary production through a periodization of Modern Revolutionary Writing. The doxa advanced by the critical literature suggests the revolutionary dimensions of May 68 failed to impact substantively on cultural production in France. In the writings of Conrad Detrez, Monique Wittig, and Jean Genet, a different conclusion is reached through textual analyses of structural synchronicity and ad rem narrative interactions with the historic marker. Rethinking and critically revisiting several interpretations of the relation between France’s May 68 “revolution” and literary and cultural production, the texts at stake are read as poetical …

Can Numerical Models Estimate Indirect Land-Use Change?, Thierry Brunelle, Patrice Dumas

Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Papers

Motivated by the conclusions from various modelling studies, modifications to the bioenergy sector regulations are under way in Europe and in the USA to account for emissions from indirect land-use change (ILUC). Despite their influence on the policy-making, evaluations of the capacity of numerical models to estimate ILUC are sparse. To address this void, this paper reviews recent developments in land-use modelling, with a particular focus on the solutions adopted to estimate ILUC due to biofuel production. As indirect effects of bioenergy result from the interplay of various mechanisms, their modelling is a major challenge for land-use science. In recent …

The Good 5 Cent Cigar (10/16/2012), University Of Rhode Island

The Good 5 Cent Cigar (Student Newspaper Archives)

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the University of Rhode Island school newspaper.

Minutes, Arts & Sciences Academic Affairs Committee Meeting, Tuesday, October 16, 2012, Arts & Sciences Academic Affairs Committee

Academic Affairs Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

Ua12/2/1 Red, White & Wku - Homecoming, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

Special homecoming edition of the College Heights Herald.

The Utah Statesman, October 16, 2012, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

10-16-2012 New Lunch Series To Highlight Research At Swosu, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

THE BARK ARCHIVE 2012

A brown-bag lunch series has been created at Southwestern Oklahoma State University to spotlight some of the outstanding research being conducted at the university.

Daily Eastern News: October 16, 2012, Eastern Illinois University

October

No abstract provided.

Social Information Changes The Brain, Russell D. Fernald, Karen P. Maruska

Faculty Publications

Social animals live in complex physical and social environments requiring them to attend and rapidly respond to social and environmental information by changing their behavior. A key social influence is rank or status, a ubiquitous element in animal societies. Rank typically regulates access to reproduction and other resources, among other consequences for individuals. Because reproduction is arguably the most important event in any animals' life, understanding howreproduction is regulated by social status and related physiological factors can instruct our understanding of evolutionary change. This article reviews evidence from a model social system in which reproduction is tightly controlled by social …

Florida Sentinel Bulletin, October 16, 2012, Gwen Hayes

Florida Sentinel Bulletin Collection

The October 16, 2012, issue of the Florida Sentinel Bulletin. Included are articles on which candidates the Sentinel supported in the 2012 general election as well as state and county amendments; and Head Start awareness month.

Independent - Oct. 16, 2012, Emily N Haddad

The Independent (1988-present)

No abstract provided.

Tibet Is One Of The Centers Of Domestication Of Cultivated Barley, Fei Dai, Eviatar Nevo, Dezhi Wu, Jordi Comadran, Meixue Zhou, Long Qiu, Zhonghua Chen, Avigdor Beiles, Guoxiong Chen, Guoping Zhang

Publications

The Near East Fertile Crescent is well recognized as a primary center of barley origin, diversity, and domestication. A large number of wild barleys have been collected from the Tibetan Plateau, which is characterized by an extreme environment. We used genome-wide diversity array technology markers to analyze the genotypic division between wild barley from the Near East and Tibet. Our results confirmed the existence of Tibetan wild barley and suggested that the split between the wild barleys in the Near East and those in Tibet occurred around 2.76 million years ago (Mya). To test the concept of polyphyletic domestication of …