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2012

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Wisdom Of The Ages Or Dead-Hand Control? Patentable Subject Matter For Diagnostic Methods After In Re Bilski, Rebecca Sue Eisenberg Jan 2012

Wisdom Of The Ages Or Dead-Hand Control? Patentable Subject Matter For Diagnostic Methods After In Re Bilski, Rebecca Sue Eisenberg

Law & Economics Working Papers

For a quarter century following the landmark 1980 decision of the Supreme Court in Diamond v. Chakrabarty, inventions and discoveries in biotechnology research appeared to be eligible for patent protection, assuming they meet the statutory standards for patent protection. The Supreme Court reopened the issue of patentable subject matter in 2005 when it granted certiorari in Laboratory Corporation v. Metabolite on the question of whether a method of diagnosing vitamin deficiency by observing a biomarker was unpatentable as a “basic scientific relationship.” Although the Court later dismissed the case without reaching a decision on the merits, since that time the …


The Bg News January 9, 2012, Bowling Green State University Jan 2012

The Bg News January 9, 2012, Bowling Green State University

BG News (Student Newspaper)

The BGSU campus student newspaper. January 9, 2012. Volume 102-Issue 54.


Moore V. Secretary Pa Dept Corr Jan 2012

Moore V. Secretary Pa Dept Corr

2012 Decisions

Agency


Lanthorn, Vol. 46, No. 32, January 9, 2012, Grand Valley State University Jan 2012

Lanthorn, Vol. 46, No. 32, January 9, 2012, Grand Valley State University

Volume 46, July 14, 2011 - June 18, 2012

Lanthorn is Grand Valley State's student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present.


The First Thing To Go, Ashley Leigh Paige Jan 2012

The First Thing To Go, Ashley Leigh Paige

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This collection of loosely linked short stories predominately features young women at moments of change and transformation, who often feel lost and alienated from their homes, relationships and, often, their own bodies. Some of the young women struggle to determine if they have made the wisest decisions while others struggle to find the best solution to their situation. The stories take place in South Carolina, Boston, southwest Virginia, and central Alabama, with several characters showing up in multiple locales, exploring and illuminating feelings of displacement, or physical alienation. Relationships and connections, or the lack thereof, also play a large part …


Influence Of Propionate Salt Levels On Young Cow Reproductive Performance, J.A. Walker, G.A. Perry, K.C. Olson Jan 2012

Influence Of Propionate Salt Levels On Young Cow Reproductive Performance, J.A. Walker, G.A. Perry, K.C. Olson

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

A supplementation study was conducted to evaluate level of propionate salt (Ca-propionate) on young cow performance over two years. One hundred-twenty cows were allocated to one of three treatments at calving. Propionate salt was incorporated in a protein supplement at a rate of 0, 80 or 160 g/d. Cows were individually supplemented twice weekly at 2 lbs/d. In year 1, cows had access to pasture and hay. In year 2, cows had access to a native range pasture. Blood was collected weekly and analyzed for progesterone (P4) to determine postpartum interval (≥1 ng P4/ml). Weights and body condition scores (BCS) …


The "Valley Of Death" In Medicine Is Not Only A Knowledge Translation But Also A Socio-Cultural And Institutional Problem, Yunmei Wang Jan 2012

The "Valley Of Death" In Medicine Is Not Only A Knowledge Translation But Also A Socio-Cultural And Institutional Problem, Yunmei Wang

Student Scholarship

Substantial resources invested in medical research have generated revolutionary discoveries in medical science. However, it takes 17 years to translate 14% of research findings into clinical practice. The gap between science and practice is labeled as “the Valley of Death” and has been framed as a “lost in translation” problem, therefore the effort has been focusing on the promotion of translational research and translators—physician scientists who understand both science and practice languages. Despite many educational and funding programs, physician’s research interest has declined and the gap has not been narrowed. To understand the underlying mechanism, we conducted a qualitative study …


January 7, 2012 (Pages 1-194), Pennsylvania Legislative Reference Bureau Jan 2012

January 7, 2012 (Pages 1-194), Pennsylvania Legislative Reference Bureau

Volume 42 (2012)

No abstract provided.


Activism Is The New Black! Demonstrating The Benefits Of International Celebrity Activism Through James Cameron's Campaign Against The Belo Monte Dam, Jacquelyn Amour Jampolsky Jan 2012

Activism Is The New Black! Demonstrating The Benefits Of International Celebrity Activism Through James Cameron's Campaign Against The Belo Monte Dam, Jacquelyn Amour Jampolsky

Colorado Environmental Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Silkworms Transformed With Chimeric Silkworm/Spider Silk Genes Spin Composite Silk Fibers With Improved Mechanical Properties, Florence Joe Teulé, Yun-Gen Miao, Bong-Hee Sohn, Young-Soo Kim, J. Hull, Malcolm J. Fraser, Randolph V. Lewis, Donald L. Jarvis Jan 2012

Silkworms Transformed With Chimeric Silkworm/Spider Silk Genes Spin Composite Silk Fibers With Improved Mechanical Properties, Florence Joe Teulé, Yun-Gen Miao, Bong-Hee Sohn, Young-Soo Kim, J. Hull, Malcolm J. Fraser, Randolph V. Lewis, Donald L. Jarvis

Biology Faculty Publications

The development of a spider silk-manufacturing process is of great interest. However, there are serious problems with natural manufacturing through spider farming, and standard recombinant protein production platforms have provided limited progress due to their inability to assemble spider silk proteins into fibers. Thus, we used piggyBac vectors to create transgenic silkworms encoding chimeric silkworm/spider silk proteins. The silk fibers produced by these animals were composite materials that included chimeric silkworm/spider silk proteins integrated in an extremely stable manner. Furthermore, these composite fibers were, on average, tougher than the parental silkworm silk fibers and as tough as native dragline spider …


Volume 5, Chapter 7-3: Gardening: Private Moss Gardens, Janice M. Glime Jan 2012

Volume 5, Chapter 7-3: Gardening: Private Moss Gardens, Janice M. Glime

Bryophyte Ecology Subchapters

No abstract provided.


Volume 47 - Issue 12 - Friday, January 6, 2012, Rose Thorn Staff Jan 2012

Volume 47 - Issue 12 - Friday, January 6, 2012, Rose Thorn Staff

The Rose Thorn Archive

The Rose Thorn, Rose-Hulman's independent student newspaper.


Does Lack Of Enrichment Invalidate Scientific Data Obtained From Rodents By Compromising Their Welfare?, Ann L. Baldwin Phd Jan 2012

Does Lack Of Enrichment Invalidate Scientific Data Obtained From Rodents By Compromising Their Welfare?, Ann L. Baldwin Phd

Between the Species

In countries where major animal research is conducted, comprehensive laws exist to ensure that the animals’ physical needs are satisfactorily met. However, animals also require an environment that allows them to fulfill their behavioral needs; this will be the focus of the article. Two studies are described in detail, one on rats and the other on genetically modified mice, which were performed by the author to compare the effects of enriched and un-enriched cage environments on rodent physiology. Evidence is presented showing that if research rodents are housed in cages lacking structures that allow them to perform their normal behaviors, …


Experimentally Altered Navigational Demands Induce Changes In The Cortical Forebrain Of Free-Ranging Northern Pacific Rattlesnakes (Crotalus O. Oreganus), Matthew L. Holding, Julius A. Frazier, Emily N. Taylor, Christine R. Strand Jan 2012

Experimentally Altered Navigational Demands Induce Changes In The Cortical Forebrain Of Free-Ranging Northern Pacific Rattlesnakes (Crotalus O. Oreganus), Matthew L. Holding, Julius A. Frazier, Emily N. Taylor, Christine R. Strand

Biological Sciences

The hippocampus of birds and mammals plays a crucial role in spatial memory and navigation. The hippocampus exhibits plasticity in adulthood in response to diverse environmental factors associated with spatial demands placed on an animal. The medial and dorsal cortices of the telencephalon of squamate reptiles have been implicated as functional homologues to the hippocampus. This study sought to experimentally manipulate the navigational demands placed on free-ranging northern Pacific rattlesnakes (Crotalus o. oreganus) to provide direct evidence of the relationship between spatial demands and neuroplasticity in the cortical telencephalon of the squamate brain. Adult male rattlesnakes were radio-tracked for 2 …


Marijuana Legalization. Initiative Statute. Jan 2012

Marijuana Legalization. Initiative Statute.

Initiatives

Decriminalizes marijuana and hemp use, possession, cultivation, transportation, or distribution. Provides persons arrested or serving time for non-violent marijuana offenses shall be immediately released from prison, jail, parole or probation, and arrest records and convictions for non-violent marijuana offenses shall be erased. Authorizes Legislature to adopt laws to license and tax commercial marijuana sales. Allows doctors to approve or recommend marijuana to patients, regardless of age. Limits testing for marijuana for employment or insurance purposes. Bars state from aiding enforcement of federal marijuana laws. Summary of estimate by Legislative Analyst and Director of Finance of fiscal impact on state and …


Forall X: Introduction To Formal Logic, Version 1.29, P.D. Magnus Jan 2012

Forall X: Introduction To Formal Logic, Version 1.29, P.D. Magnus

Philosophy Faculty Books

In formal logic, sentences and arguments in English are translated into mathematical languages with well-defined properties. If all goes well, properties of the argument that were hard to discern become clearer. This book covers translation, formal semantics, and proof theory for both sentential logic and quantified logic. Each chapter contains practice exercises; solutions to selected exercises appear in an appendix


Innovation Begins With People: Leading With A New Lens (Presentation), Connie I. Reimers-Hild Jan 2012

Innovation Begins With People: Leading With A New Lens (Presentation), Connie I. Reimers-Hild

Kimmel Education and Research Center: Presentations and White Papers

Community leaders must learn how to successfully lead innovation. This presentation focuses on fundamental aspects of leading innovation, including the importance of self-awareness and self-confidence. The differences between creativity and innovation are also addressed.


Innovation Begins With People: Leading With A New Lens (Workbook), Connie I. Reimers-Hild Jan 2012

Innovation Begins With People: Leading With A New Lens (Workbook), Connie I. Reimers-Hild

Kimmel Education and Research Center: Presentations and White Papers

Workbook for Merrick County's Leading Locally class, "Innovation Begins with People: Leading with a New Lens."


Florida Sentinel Bulletin, January 6, 2012, Gwen Hayes Jan 2012

Florida Sentinel Bulletin, January 6, 2012, Gwen Hayes

Florida Sentinel Bulletin Collection

The January 6, 2012, issue of the Florida Sentinel Bulletin.


The Food Safety Modernization Act Of 2011: Too Little, Too Broad, Too Bad, Nicholas Obolensky Jan 2012

The Food Safety Modernization Act Of 2011: Too Little, Too Broad, Too Bad, Nicholas Obolensky

Roger Williams University Law Review

No abstract provided.


Mary Anning: Princess Of Palaeontology And Geological Lioness, Larry E. Davis Jan 2012

Mary Anning: Princess Of Palaeontology And Geological Lioness, Larry E. Davis

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

On April 17, 2005, delegates at the 39th Biennial Convention of the Society of Sigma Gamma Epsilon passed a motion to include Mary Anning as one of the guiding pillars of geology in the Ritual of the Society. Mary Anning, of Lyme Regis, England, was a 19th century collector of fossils who made significant contributions to the growth of British palaeontology. Among her finds was one of the most complete specimens of Ichthyosaurs found in Britain, as well as the discovery of the first British Plesiosaurus and Dimorphodon (pterosaur). Mary Anning also discovered the true nature of coprolites. …


Relationships Between Urinary Biomarkers Of Phytoestrogens, Phthalates, Phenols, And Pubertal Stages In Girls, Tandra R. Chakraborty, Eilliut Alicea, Sanjoy Chakraborty Jan 2012

Relationships Between Urinary Biomarkers Of Phytoestrogens, Phthalates, Phenols, And Pubertal Stages In Girls, Tandra R. Chakraborty, Eilliut Alicea, Sanjoy Chakraborty

Publications and Research

Phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols are estrogen-disrupting chemicals that have a pronounced effect at puberty. They are exogenous chemicals that are either plant-derived or man-made, and can alter the functions of the endocrine system and cause various health defects by interfering with the synthesis, metabolism, binding, or cellular responses of natural estrogens. Phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols are some of the potent estrogens detectable in urine. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived xenestrogens found in a wide variety of food products, like soy-based food, beverages, several fruits, and vegetables. Exposure to phytoestrogens can delay breast development and further lead to precocious puberty. The effect of …


Re-Imagined: Participation In The Kingdom Of God, Joshua Love Jan 2012

Re-Imagined: Participation In The Kingdom Of God, Joshua Love

Leaven

No abstract provided.


God Has Spoken: Getting God's Message, Jennings Davis Jan 2012

God Has Spoken: Getting God's Message, Jennings Davis

Leaven

No abstract provided.


The Acceptable Worship Of The New Covenant People Of God, Ira J. Jolivet Jr. Jan 2012

The Acceptable Worship Of The New Covenant People Of God, Ira J. Jolivet Jr.

Leaven

No abstract provided.


Beauty And Error: Re-Visions Of God From The Poetic Site, Ashley Gay Jan 2012

Beauty And Error: Re-Visions Of God From The Poetic Site, Ashley Gay

Leaven

No abstract provided.


Jesus Argued Like A Jew, Linda King Jan 2012

Jesus Argued Like A Jew, Linda King

Leaven

No abstract provided.


Limits On Utility In The Face Of 21st Century Invention: The Problem With Limiting Patent Claims On Est Sequences, Kyle Strache Jan 2012

Limits On Utility In The Face Of 21st Century Invention: The Problem With Limiting Patent Claims On Est Sequences, Kyle Strache

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

No abstract provided.


Goldstein V. Securities And Exchange Commission, Todd Zaun Jan 2012

Goldstein V. Securities And Exchange Commission, Todd Zaun

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

Hedge funds are one of the fastest growing and most controversial segments of the financial market. Most people know very little about hedge funds other than that they are the investment vehicle of choice for well-heeled investors - the place where the rich put their money in order to get even richer. In fact, hedge funds thrive on the lack of knowledge about what exactly it is that they do. Without the ability to keep their trading strategies confidential, hedge funds argue they would not be able generate the impressive returns that keep them in business. And so when the …


Gridlock On The Road To Renewable Energy Development: A Discussion About The Opportunities & Risks Presented By The Modernization Requirements Of The Electricity Transmission Network, Kelsey Jae Nunez Jan 2012

Gridlock On The Road To Renewable Energy Development: A Discussion About The Opportunities & Risks Presented By The Modernization Requirements Of The Electricity Transmission Network, Kelsey Jae Nunez

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

In November 2006, the American Council On Renewable Energy (“ACORE”), along with the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Caucuses of the United States Senate and House of Representatives, convened the national policy conference, “Renewable Energy in America: Phase II Market Forecasts and Policy Requirements” (“Phase II”). Several speakers at Phase II argued that continued private sector financing of renewable energy projects will substantially depend on the expansion of the electrical transmission network. The argument follows this logic: developing renewable energy to the point that it can power America's growing energy needs will require substantial investment from private sector investors. These …