Digital Commons Network^™

Gendered Arrests Or Gendered Sentencing: Explaining The Narrowing Of The Gender Gap In Imprisonment Over Time: 1970–2008, Mark G. Harmon, Robert M. O'Brien

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

Since 1970 the percentage of women incarcerated in U.S. prisons has risen from nearly 3 percent to almost 7 percent—more than doubling in less than 40 years. This article examines explanations for this phenomenon—concentrating on two: Changes in the relative rates of arrest for females and males and sentencing reforms that were instituted during this period. The authors examine trends in female to male imprisonment rates from 1970 to 2008 across all fifty states using panel analysis. The only robust relationship they find is between the ratio of female to male incarceration rates and the ratio of female to male …

Defining Conservation Priorities For Freshwater Fishes According To Taxonomic, Functional, And Phylogenetic Diversity, Angela L. Strecker, Julian D. Olden, Joanna B. Whittier, Craig Patrick Paukert

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

To date, the predominant use of systematic conservation planning has been to evaluate and conserve areas of high terrestrial biodiversity. Although studies in freshwater ecosystems have received recent attention, research has rarely considered the potential trade-offs between protecting different dimensions of biodiversity and the ecological processes that maintain diversity. We provide the first systematic prioritization for freshwaters (focusing on the highly threatened and globally distinct fish fauna of the Lower Colorado River Basin, USA) simultaneously considering scenarios of: taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity; contemporary threats to biodiversity (including interactions with nonnative species); and future climate change and human population growth. …

The Missouri Miner, December 1, 2011

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

A Prenup For Prince William And Kate - England Inches Toward Twentieth Century Law Of Antenuptial Agreements: How Shall It Enter The Twenty First, Robert E. Rains

Faculty Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Daily Eastern News: December 01, 2011, Eastern Illinois University

December

No abstract provided.

Complex Dynamics Of Discrete Seis Models With Simple Demography, Hui Cao, Yicang Zhou, Baojun Song

Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

We investigate bifurcations and dynamical behaviors of discrete SEIS models with exogenous reinfections and a variety of treatment strategies. Bifurcations identified from the models include period doubling, backward, forward-backward, and multiple backward bifurcations. Multiple attractors, such as bistability and tristability, are observed. We also estimate the ultimate boundary of the infected regardless of initial status. Our rigorously mathematical analysis together with numerical simulations show that epidemiological factors alone can generate complex dynamics, though demographic factors only support simple equilibrium dynamics. Our model analysis supports and urges to treat a fixed percentage of exposed individuals.

Accelerating Innovation Via Industry-Scale Open Innovation Networks: A Case Study In The Us Automotive Industry, John Skardon

All Dissertations

Innovation is a key driving force of economic growth in the United States and other developed countries. A wide range of public policies seek to stimulate growth while curbing its excesses. As the rate of innovation continues to slow across many industry segments, state and federal policy makers continue to look for new ideas to stimulate growth. Between the extremes of antitrust and industrial policy lies a fertile and mostly unexplored area where government and industry may collaborate. Industry-government collaboration so far has had mixed success. Innovations in organizational form that utilize networks to link entrepreneurs, publically funded research, and …

Tracking Costs Of Alternatively Fueled Buses In Florida, Cutr

Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Improving Value Of Travel Time Savings Estimation For More Effective Transportation Project Evaluation, Cutr

Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Electron Screening And Disorder-Induced Heating In Ultracold Neutral Plasmas, Mary Elizabeth Lyon

Theses and Dissertations

Disorder-induced heating (DIH) is a nonequilibrium, ultrafast relaxation process that occurs when laser-cooled atoms are photoionized to make an ultracold plasma. Its effects dominate the ion motion during the first 100 ns of the plasma evolution. Using tools of atomic physics we study DIH with ns time resolution for different plasma densities and temperatures. By changing the frequency of the laser beam we use to probe the ions, we map out the time evolution of the velocity distribution. We can compare this to a fluorescence simulation in order to more clearly determine the relationship between the fluorescence signal and the …

“Double Bind / Double Consciousness” In The Poetry Of Carmen Colón Pellot And Julia De Burgos, Sonja Watson

Modern Languages Faculty Publications - Archive

No abstract provided.

Chemical Modification On Gold Slides To Gain Better Control Of Patterning Techniques, Ragini Vuppalapati

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Nanolithography is a rapidly evolving field that requires new combinations of techniques to improve patterning and to assist in fabricating electromechanical devices. An increasing number of applications require surfaces with defined regions of different chemical functionality. In our previous project optimum conditions for lithographic patterning were determined and potential blockers were identified to reduce force on the tip.

This work is focused on identifying good chemical modifications that will allow better control of basic patterning and to investigate the minimum force of patterning required while using each chemical system. The primary aim is to gain better control of basic pattern …

The Effects Of Playing Exergames On Energy Expenditure, Demetrice Kirkwood

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to assess the performance, ratings of perceived exertion, metabolic responses, and energy expenditure as individuals participated in interactive video game play. There were 14 participants that participated in the study, whose age was 20.1 ± 1.64 years of age. Participants completed a maximal aerobic test to exhaustion (VO2max test), and then 30 minute testing session on both the Kinect Adventures (K) and Wii Fit Plus game. Data were analyzed using a dependent t-test and one-way ANOVA. Significance was accepted at P ≤ 0.05. Energy expenditure and RPE were significant in both exergames interactive game …

Activity Of Analogs Of Anticancer Drugs On The Serine Protease Enzymes Subtilisin And Chymotrypsin, Dhatri Ravipati

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The anticancer activity of several platinum compounds is due to the formation of complexes with DNA. We hypothesize that the size and shape of the platinum compounds would impact interaction with proteins, and these interactions may be partly responsible for the anticancer activity. Chymotrypsin and subtilisin are serine proteases that have a histidine residue in the active site. We are investigating the inhibition of the digestive enzymes chymotrypsin and subtilisin by analogs of the anticancer drug cisplatin and trying to discern trends in the inhibition as the active site residues vary. In our research, we found that the enzyme subtilisin …

Development Of A Mode Choice Model For Bus Rapid Transit In Santa Clara County, California, Chun-Hung Peter Chen, George A. Naylor

Journal of Public Transportation

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is an enhanced bus service that offers many of the same service attributes as rail transit, such as specialized vehicles, large stations, real-time passenger information, and more frequent and reliable operations. The Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) intends to develop an integrated BRT network throughout Santa Clara County, California, to provide high quality service to areas not well served by the VTA Light Rail (LRT) system. Past research showed that many transit agencies in North America considered BRT the same as LRT in their demand models, and a few agencies treated BRT and local bus …

Modeling Access Mode Choice For Inter-Suburban Commuter Rail, Åsa Bergman, John Gliebe, James Strathman

Journal of Public Transportation

This paper presents an analysis of access mode choice by riders of one of the first U.S. suburb-to-suburb commuter railroads, the Westside Express (WES), in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area. The study uses on-board survey data collected by the region’s transit agency, Tri-Met, during WES’s first year of operation. The data include observed access mode choices, historical mode usage, and subjective assessment of WES attributes. A hierarchical choice model was estimated, using attributes of the access trip, station areas and rider characteristics. The estimation results revealed pre-WES-mode inertia effects in choosing drive access, pro-sustainability attitudes in choosing bike access, the …

Characteristics Of Age-Friendly Bus Information, Kieran Broome, Linda Worrall, Jennifer Fleming, Duncan Boldy

Journal of Public Transportation

Bus information is an important element to consider when developing and implementing age-friendly bus systems. Little is known regarding the bus information needs and preferences of older people. This study aims to illuminate characteristics of age-friendly bus information. Participant observations with stimulated recall interviews (n=40) were used to identify older peoples’ (age 60 and over) perspectives on bus information. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. A printed information location checklist also was conducted. Categorical analysis identified that older people used a variety of information sources including printed information, telephone, Internet, bus drivers, word of mouth, and experience. Positive …

A New Architectural Design Of Elevated Small Group Automated Rapid Transit, Hugh Chapman, Mary Chapman, Avishai Ceder

Journal of Public Transportation

Due to increased motorcar popularity, public transport use has declined while congestion costs billions in wasted time, fuel, accidents, air and water pollution. Proposed passenger transport projects have been cancelled in major cities, and completed projects have not attracted the private motorist. This study investigates reasons for this. As cities grow vertically and horizontally, they form three-dimensional mazes requiring special transport design solutions that enhance the city. Congestion can be alleviated by transferring passenger transport onto elevated solutions such as the presented Elevated Small Group Automated Rapid Transit (ESGART) SkyCabs system, which straddles the gap between Group Rapid Transit (GRT) …

Assessment Of Surface Transportation Security Training Needs And Delivery Preferences, Karen W. Lowrie, Judy A. Shaw, Michael R. Greenberg

Journal of Public Transportation

America’s surface transportation system features long and inter-connected routes and open access to stations and vehicles, making the system vulnerable to terrorist attack. While a variety of security-related training products exist for the transportation sector, government and other reports have called for improvements in the transportation security training curriculum in terms of quality and consistency. At the same time, tight economic times have left few extra financial resources available for systems to deliver adequate training to employees. This study assessed the needs for additional security training through focus groups and interviews with representatives of major surface transportation stakeholders and agencies. …

Bus Passenger Origin-Destination Estimation And Related Analyses Using Automated Data Collection Systems, Wei Wang, John P. Attanucci, Nigel H.M. Wilson

Journal of Public Transportation

This research explores the application of archived data from Automated Data Collection Systems (ADCS) to transport planning with a focus on bus passenger travel behavior, including Origin-Destination (OD) inference, using London as a case study. It demonstrates the feasibility and ease of applying trip-chaining to infer bus passenger OD from smart card transactions and Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) data and is the first known attempt to validate the results by comparing them with manual passenger survey data. With the inferred OD matrices, the variations of weekday and weekend bus route OD patterns are examined for planning purposes. Moreover, based on …

Full Issue 14(4)

Journal of Public Transportation

No abstract provided.

Observations Of Brachygnathia Superior (Underbite) In Wild Ruminates In Western Montana, Usa, J. A. Hoy, G. T. Haas, R. D. Hoy, Pamela Hallock

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Since spring of 1995 developmental malformations have been observed on many species of vertebrates. The most frequently observed of a range of skeletal anomalies is brachygnathia superior, also called mandibular prognathia, resulting from underdevelopment in length and width of the premaxillary bone forward of the upper premolars on ruminant species. To quantify these observations, facial anatomy was examined for bone and dental malformations on 1061 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) that were accident-killed or died of natural causes between January 1996 and December 2010 in northern Ravalli County in the Bitterroot Valley of west-central, Montana, USA. Observations of brachygnathia …

Front Matter, The Texas Ornithological Society

Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society

No abstract provided.

Late Summer Dietary Survey Of Scaled Quail (Callipepla Squamata), Jeff H. Bardwell, Christopher M. Ritzi, Scott P. Lerich, Alan M. Fedynich

Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society

This survey examines late summer dietary habits of a Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata) population from Elephant Mountain Wildlife Management Area in Brewster County, Texas in 2002. Quail crop contents were quantified by frequency of occurrence and volumetric abundance. Results mirror summer and fall diet trends in the literature based on Scaled Quail populations in western Texas and southeastern New Mexico. Two age classes were examined (juvenile and adult) and between areas with and without spread dams. Newly documented genera included Amsinckia, Iva, and Stellari, while Opuntia was conspicuously absent. Food items of highest consumption based on volumetric abundance were Acalypha …

Dove Density In The Rio Grande Delta: 2007-2008, Michael F. Small, Margaret L. Collins, John T. Baccus, Jared B. Timmons

Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society

We used a grid sampling method to estimate Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) and White-winged Dove (Z. asiatica) densities in south Texas via distance sampling. We sampled over summers in 2007 and 2008 and calculated mean estimated density across years as well. Time (between years) did not affect density estimates for Mourning Doves but was significantly different for White-winged Doves. Species’ distribution and a separate banding study suggest a possible reason for the difference between years in White-winged Dove density estimates.

Influence Of Invasive Tanglehead Grass On Northern Bobwhite Nesting And Habitat Use In South Texas, Michael C. Buelow, Leonard A. Brennan, Fidel Hernández, Timothy E. Fulbright

Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society

Tanglehead grass (Heteropogon contortus; hereafter tanglehead) has historically occurred in small, isolated patches across south Texas. During the past 10–15 years, however, tanglehead has undergone a rapid expansion in south Texas similar to the spread of other introduced exotic grasses. Tanglehead can form extensive and exceptionally dense stands of grass that may result in reduced usable habitat space for the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter bobwhite) in south Texas. Our objectives were to assess how the presence of vast and dense areas of tanglehead influenced nesting and general habitat use by bobwhites on south Texas rangelands. We monitored bobwhite nesting …

Use Of Urban Bird Feeders By White-Winged Doves And Great-Tailed Grackles In Texas, Alayne B. Fronimos, John T. Baccus, Michael F. Small, Joseph A. Veech

Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society

As White-winged Doves (Zenaida asiatica) and Great-tailed Grackles (Quiscalus mexicanus) expanded their range northward, these species have shown an increased affinity for urban areas, perhaps because of a constant supply of anthropogenic food sources. We compared use of bird feeders by both of these species to established avian species in urban central Texas. We used 15 feeding stations in San Marcos and 15 in San Antonio. We digitally recorded interaction events for half-hour intervals in summer 2009 and winter 2010. We used recordings to calculate total time spent by each species at each feeding station, count the number of aggressive …

Predation Of A White-Winged Dove Nest By A Fox Squirrel, William Colson, Trevor Kalich, Alan Fedynich, Shelly Kremer

Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society

No abstract provided.

Texas Bird Records Committee Report For 2010, Mark W. Lockwood

Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society

No abstract provided.

Colonial Waterbird Survey, Brent Ortego, Marc Ealy, Greg Creacy, Larry Lebeau

Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) staff and volunteers conducted ground and air surveys of inland colonial waterbird nest sites at 584 locations in Texas from 1973 through 2004. There was an average of 472,466 nesting pairs sighted per year at all colonies. Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Little Blue Heron (Egretta caerulea), Snowy Egret (Egretta thula) and Great Egret (Ardea alba) were the most abundant species. The Oaks and Prairie Bird Conservation Region (BCR 21) had the most colonies with 171 and 269,210 nesting pairs. The total for the average densities for each colony from ground surveys from 1981-1990 in …