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Perforation Of Arterial Tissue Using Kilohertz Frequency Ultrasound Delivered Via Wire Waveguides, Mark Wylie, Garrett Mcguinness, Graham Gavin

Conference Papers

An emerging technology proposes the use of low frequency-high power ultrasound transmitted via wire waveguides for the disruption and ablation of atherosclerotic lesions, more specifically advanced fibrous or calcified plaques such as chronic total occlusions (CTO). This energy delivery selectively ablates rigid diseased tissue by means of direct mechanical contact, cavitation and other forces generated by the intense dynamic pressure fields generated.

The first clinical device using this energy delivery was granted FDA approval in 2007 [1] for the ablation of CTOs and most research to date has focused on ablation and disruption of hard, fibrous or calcified tissues [2]. …

Investigation And Experimental Measurement Of Scissor Blade Cutting Forces Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors., Dean Callaghan, Ginu Rajan, Mark Mcgrath, Eugene Dermot Coyle Professor, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell

Articles

This paper investigated the application of FBG sensors in the measurement of scissor blade–tissue interaction forces. Sensor placement at the blade–tissue interaction site provides the basis for increased force measurement accuracy, without compromising the functionality of the instrument. This increased accuracy provided the foundation for in-depth analysis of the force components generated during typical scissor cutting cycles. Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation explored the decoupling of the major forces present during cutting. The isolation of tissue-fracture forces from inter-blade friction forces was carried out. This is useful as knowledge of the fracture properties of biological tissues can be diff cult …

Collagen Matrices As An Improved Model For In Vitro Study Of Live Cells Using Raman Microspectroscopy, Franck Bonnier, Peter Knief, Aidan Meade, Jennifer Dorney, Kunal Bhattacharya, Fiona Lyng, Hugh Byrne

Conference papers

Due to its high lateral resolution, Raman microspectrsocopy is rapidly becoming an accepted technique for the subcellular imaging of single cells. Although the potential of the technique has frequently been demonstrated, many improvements have still to be realised to enhance the relevancy of the data collected. Although often employed, chemical fixation of cells can cause modifications to the molecular composition and therefore influence the observations made. However, the weak contribution of water to Raman spectra offers the potential to study live cells cultured in vitro using an immersion lens, giving the possibility to record highly specific spectra from cells in …

Distributed Supply Chain Simulation Portal: Design And Implementation, Amr Arisha, Ayman Tobail, John Crowe

Conference papers

The emerging paradigm of eLearning is becoming increasingly in evidence across many academic disciplines acknowledging the concept that learning processes no longer support traditional teaching methods alone. It can be argued that today’s third level education students are part of a new virtual era where the blackboard has been replaced with an interactive whiteboard. To assist in the transition from traditional learning to eLearning, more interactive and virtually orientated teaching aids are needed. A simulation-based learning framework that integrates web-based simulation and a web content management hierarchy model is the key objective of this paper. Using the highly complex subject …

Dissemination Strategy For The Nanosafety Cluster 27.09.2011, Extra Deliverable 4.12 .Nanoimpactnet Report, Gordon Chambers, Iseult Lynch, Darren Hart, Nathalie Boschung, Byrony Ross, Sonja Grossberndt

Reports

So that the widest possible group of European nanosafety stakeholders are able to meet, interact, benefit from the work of NSC project members and work using reproducible methods using the same terms, there must be coordination. The following requirements should be clearly defined in the formulation of all new EC sponsored nanosafety-related projects and should be strongly encouraged in existing NSC projects:

Clean Energy Water Disinfection For Small, Remote Rural Communities, Ryan M. Lee

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Access to drinking water is essential to all life, yet in many developing and remote communities, it is often contaminated with disease causing pathogens. This project was created in response to the annual WERC Environmental Design Competition. This year’s specific challenge was to develop human powered, stand-alone, effective, easily implemented, and economical water disinfection systems. Many technologies were evaluated; however, bleach and ultraviolet (UV) light treatments were determined to be most applicable to remote and impoverished communities. The Razorback Microcide WERC Crew designed and demonstrated two systems independently featuring bleach and UV disinfection technology. Both systems include a high capacity, …

Sequence Analysis Of The Angiotensin Ii Type 1 Receptor (Agtr1) Gene For Mutations Contributing To Pulmonary Hypertension In The Chicken (Gallus Gallus), John Russell Burks

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Our multidisciplinary group at the University of Arkansas has been investigating the suitability of the chicken as a medical model for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in humans. There are several forms of PAH in humans arising from elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. Spontaneous cases of PAH are known as idiopathic PAH (IPAH), where the exact physiological causes are not known. IPAH patients that do not respond to standard treatments have a prognosis of only a few years. Currently, there is no acceptable animal model for IPAH. As part of our effort to pursue the chicken as model …

The Potential For Indicators In The Management Of Climate Change Impacts On Cultural Heritage, Caithleen Daly

Conference papers

The global scale and unpredictable nature of climate change impacts on cultural heritage poses a challenge for conservation management. This article explores the potential of indicators as an aid for decision makers in the heritage sector. The author proposes a new indicator tool for addressing long-term stone recession impacts that may be related to climate change. The indicator is being installed at two World Heritage sites in Ireland but no results are available. The prototype was developed during doctoral research at the Technological University of Dublin.

Failures Of The American Adversarial System To Protect The Innocent And Conceptual Advantages In The Inquisitorial Design For Investigative Fairness, Robert P. Mosteller

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

The Four Winds Sculpture Dedication In Honor Of Senator Bob Johnson, New College Of Florida

West Campus Collection

No abstract provided.

Media Effects In Context, Brian O'Neill

Books/Book chapters

The media effects tradition occupies a hugely influential and dominant role within mainstream communications research. It is unquestionably the longest running tradition within the field of audience studies, spanning nearly its entire history, yet it continues to divide opinion, both methodologically and with regard to its fundamental approach towards the study of media audiences.  Its influence extends well beyond the academy, and the powerful influence exerted by its research agenda on public and political understanding of the impact of media is perhaps one of its most significant achievements.

Mechanisms Of Adsorption Of Copper And Silver Ions On Carbon Materials In An Open Circuit, Mikhail M. Goldin

Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Effective Numbers Of Electrons As A Criterion Of Carbon Suitability As A Hemosorbent, Mogely Khubutiya, Boris Grafov, Mikhail M. Goldin, Alexei Davydov, Vladimir Kolesnikov, Mark Goldin

Faculty Publications and Presentations

The number of medical applications of electrochemistry has grown in recent years due to the increased applications of electrochemical concepts to various systems of the organism. This includes electrochemically controlled hemosorption detoxification, where the removal of toxicants is controlled by changing the potential of the hemosorbent. It is important to avoid Faradaic processes in the course of hemosorption, which can lead to the addition of electrochemically modified toxicants to blood. The probability of their occurrence should depend on the open-circuit potential of the activated carbon. In order to elucidate the identification of Faradaic reactions, a model system was investigated. The …

Timeline And Important Dates Of Liberty University, Abigail Ruth Sattler

Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Obesity And Cancer Screening According To Race And Gender., Heather Bittner Fagan, Richard Wender, Ronald E Myers, Nicholas Petrelli

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

The relationship between obesity and cancer screening varies by screening test, race, and gender. Most studies on cervical cancer screening found a negative association between increasing weight and screening, and this negative association was most consistent in white women. Recent literature on mammography reports no association with weight. However, some studies show a negative association in white, but not black, women. In contrast, obese/overweight men reported higher rates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. Comparison of prostate cancer screening, mammography, and Pap smears implies a gender difference in the relationship between screening behavior and weight. In colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, the …

(Editorial) A Long Term View Of Rare Plant Reintroduction. A Response To Godefroid Et Al. 2011: How Successful Are Plant Reintroductions?, Matthew A. Albrecht, Edward O. Guerrant Jr., Joyce Maschinski, Kathryn Kennedy

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

This is an editorial response to Godefroidet al. (2011). How successful are plant species reintroductions? Biological Conservation 144, 672-682.

The Sociology Of Landowner Interest In Restoring Fire-Adapted, Biodiverse Habitats In The Wildland-Urban Interface Of Oregon's Willamette Valley Ecoregion, Max Nielsen-Pincus

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

In many parts of the world, the combined effects of wildfire, climate change, and population growth in the wildland-urban interface pose increasing risks to both people and biodiversity. These risks are exemplified in western Oregon’s Willamette Valley Ecoregion, where population is projected to double by 2050 and climate change is expected to increase wildfire risk. Restoring elements of the region’s historic fire-adapted prairie, savanna, and woodland habitats may help to reduce future wildfire risk and help conserve the region’s threatened biodiversity. We report on a mail survey (n = 939) examining the socio-demographic factors influencing private landowners’ likelihood of restoring …

Direct And Indirect Effects Of An Invasive Planktonic Predator On Pelagic Food Webs, Angela L. Strecker, Beatrix E. Beisner, Shelley E. Arnott, Andrew M. Paterson, Jennifer G. Winter, Ora E. Johannsson, Norman D. Yan

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

The relative importance of top-down invader effects relative to environmental drivers was determined by sampling crustacean zooplankton, rotifer, and phytoplankton communities in a set of invaded and noninvaded reference lakes. The non-native invertebrate predator Bythotrephes had significant effects on zooplankton community size structure, rotifers, and phytoplankton taxonomic composition, but no significant effects on crustacean zooplankton taxonomic and functional group composition. Part of the variation in phytoplankton communities was explained by the presence of the invader. Because Bythotrephes is generally known to be a carnivore and to not consume phytoplankton, this effect is likely mediated by the zooplankton community’s response to …

Stream Restoration In A Post-Agricultural System: Indirect Effects On Density And Secondary Production Of Aquatic Insects, Lyle Stanley Dandridge Jr

Master's Theses

Restoration of stream habitats, with the goal of increasing biodiversity through increasing habitat heterogeneity, has been an ongoing trend in recent decades. Current investigations suggest most of those projects fail to significantly influence ecological structure and function when evaluated in light of their affect on species richness. In order to assess the <&ldquo>success of restoration on a prairie stream in northern Illinois traditional metrics such as community composition and density were examined in addition to macroinvertebrate secondary production. Restoration of Nippersink Creek, McHenry County, Illinois was completed in 2000 and this study was conducted 8 years post-restoration. Benthic samples were …

Cellulosic Biofuels: Expert Views On Prospects For Advancement, Erin D. Baker, Jeffrey M. Keisler

Management Science and Information Systems Faculty Publication Series

In this paper we structure, obtain and analyze results of an expert elicitation on the relationship between U. S. government Research & Development funding and the likelihood of achieving advances in cellulosic biofuel technologies. While there was disagreement among the experts on each of the technologies, the patterns of disagreement suggest several distinct strategies. Selective Thermal Processing appears to be the most promising path, with the main question being how much funding is required to achieve success. Thus, a staged investment in this path looks promising. With respect to gasification, there remains fundamental disagreement over whether success is possible even …

Foliar Nutrient Concentrations Related To Soil Sources Across A Range Of Sites In The Northeastern United States, Melissa S. Lucash, Ruth D. Yanai, Joel D. Blum, B. B. Park

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Understanding the supply of nutrients from various soil sources and the sensitivity of tree species to soil nutrient availability is critical for predicting the effects of declines in base cations due to acid rain and forest harvesting on forest health and productivity. We collected soil samples from 19 sites in the northeastern United States, chemically analyzed them using a sequential extraction procedure, and compared them to the chemical composition of foliage of the dominant tree species. Concentrations of Ca and Mg in foliage were correlated with exchangeable Ca and Mg concentrations in the upper mineral soil; for most tree species …

Preliminary Report: Evaluating The Potential Of Archaeogeophysical Surveying On Viking Age And Medieval Sites In Greenland, 2 – 16 August, 2010, Douglas J. Bolender, John M. Steinberg, Brian N. Damiata, John W. Schoenfelder, Kathryn Caitlin

Andrew Fiske Memorial Center for Archaeological Research Publications

The primary goal of this research is to begin to overcome biases in the Greenlandic Norse archaeological record. Assessing the establishment dates and organization of Norse sites in Greenland is difficult because substantial cultural deposits can be hidden under deep windblown sand deposits as well as later occupations. Shallow geophysical methods were used to help recover information on the nature, extent and depth of subsurface cultural deposits. Assessing these site characteristics is a first step in overcoming the bias towards the later, the larger, and the more visible sites in the archaeological record.

Norse Greenland presents a relatively visible medieval …

The Ability Of Selected Pupal Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) To Locate Stable Fly Hosts In A Soiled Equine Bedding Substrate, Jimmy B. Pitzer, Phillip E. Kaufman, Christopher Geden, Jerome A. Hogsette

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The ability of Spalangia cameroni Perkins, Spalangia endius Walker, and Muscidifurax raptorellus Kogan and Legner to locate and attack stable fly hosts was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Postfeeding third-instar stable fly larvae were released and allowed to pupate in two arena types: large 4.8 liter chambers containing a field-collected, soiled equine bedding substrate; or 120-ml plastic cups containing wood chips. At the time of fly pupariation, parasitoids were released and permitted 72 h to locate and attack hosts. On average, parasitism rates of freely accessible stable fly pupae in cups were not significantly different between parasitoid species. However, parasitism rates …

New Records For The Horse Fly Fauna (Diptera: Tabanidae) Of Jordan With Remarks On Ecology And Zoogeography, Günter Müller, Jerome Hogsette, Edita Revay, Vasiliy Kravchenko, Andrey Leshvanov, Yosef Schlein

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The horse fly fauna (Diptera: Tabanidae) of Jordan is, after Israel, the richest in the Levant, with 24 known species. During the 20-year project “The Ecology and Zoogeography of the Lepidoptera of the Near East,” we regularly collected blood-feeding flies, resulting in 11 additional species of Tabanidae for Jordan. The new records are: Atylotus quadrifarius (Loew, 1874), Chrysops caecutiens (Linnaeus, 1758), Dasyrhamphis nigritus (Fabricius, 1794), Haematopota pallens Loew, 1871, Nemorius irritans (Ricardo, 1901), Philipomyia graeca (Fabricius, 1794), Tabanus cordiger Meigen, 1820, Tabanus taeniola Palisot de Beauvois, 1806, Tabanus quatuornotatus Meigen, 1820, Tabanus separatus Effllatoun, 1930, and Tabanus spectabilis Loew, 1858. …

Vector Competence Of The Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) For West Nile Virus, Michael S. Doyle, Bethany N. Swope, Jerome A. Hogsette, Kristen L. Burkhalter, Harry M. Savage, Roger S. Nasci

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

In 2006-2007, stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), were suspected of being enzootic vectors of West Nile virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, WNV) during a die-off of American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin) (Pelecanidae) in Montana, USA. WNV-positive stable flies were observed feeding en masse on incapacitated, WNV-positive pelicans, arousing suspicions that the flies could have been involved in WNV transmission among pelicans, and perhaps to livestock and humans. We assessed biological transmission by infecting stable flies intrathoracically with WNV and testing them at 2-d intervals over 20 d. Infectious WNV was detected in fly bodies …

Role Of Notch Signaling In T Cell Polarization, Shilpa Keerthivasan

Dissertations

The differentiation of CD4+ T cells to different effector lineages in response to pathogenic stimuli is the core of the adaptive immune system. One of the effector subsets recently discovered is Thelper 17 (Th17) and it plays a predominant role in autoimmune diseases and inflammatory disorders.

In my thesis, I aimed to study the role of Notch cell surface receptors in Th17 differentiation. Using in vitro Th17 differentiation assays of human naïve CD4+ T cells, I have shown that Notch signaling, particularly Notch1, plays a crucial role in Th17 polarization. By using pharmacological inhibitors and specific knockdown of Notch1, I …

Dietary Wheat Germ Oil Influences Gene Expression In Larvae And Eggs Of The Oriental Fruit Fly, Thomas A. Coudron, Chiou Ling Chang, Cynthia L. Goodman, David Stanley

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Changes in animal nutrition, particularly essential dietary components, alter global gene expression patterns. Our goal is to identify molecular markers that serve as early indicators of the quality of insect culture media. Markers of deficient culture media will increase the efficiency of developing optimal systems for mass rearing beneficial insects and some pest species because decisions on culture media quality can be made without waiting through one or several life cycles. The objective of our current study is to discover molecular markers of essential dietary lipid deficiency in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis. We reared groups of fruit …

Outcrossing And Crossbreeding Recovers Deteriorated Traits In Laboratory Cultured Steinernema Carpocapsae Nematodes, John M. Chaston, Adler R. Dillman, David I. Shapiro-Ilan, Anwar L. Bilgrami, Randy Gaugler, Keith R. Hopper, Byron J. Adams

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The nematode Steinernema carpocapsae infects and kills many pest insects in agro-ecosystems and is commonly used in biocontrol of these pests. Growth of the nematodes prior to distribution for biocontrol commonly results in deterioration of traits that are essential for nematode persistence in field applications. To better understand the mechanisms underlying trait deterioration of the efficacy of natural parasitism in entomopathogenic nematodes, we explored the maintenance of fitness related traits including reproductive capacity, heat tolerance, virulence to insects and ‘tail standing’ (formerly called nictation) among laboratory-cultured lines derived from natural, randomly mating populations of S. carpocapsae. Laboratory cultured nematode …

Carbon Dioxide Fluxes In Corn–Soybean Rotation In The Midwestern U.S.: Inter- And Intra-Annual Variations, And Biophysical Controls, Guillermo Hernandez-Ramirez, Jerry L. Hatfield, Timothy B. Parkin, Thomas J. Sauer, John H. Prueger

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Quantifying carbon dioxide (CO₂) fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems is critical for better understanding of global carbon cycling and observed changes in climate. This study examined year-round temporal variations of CO₂ fluxes in two biennial crop rotations during 4 year of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. We monitored CO₂ fluxes using eddy-covariance (EC) and soil chambers in adjacent production fields near Ames, Iowa. Under the non-limiting soil water availability conditions predominant in these fields, diel and seasonal variations of CO₂ fluxes were mostly controlled by ambient temperature and …

Development Of Simple Sequence Repeat Markers For Chionanthus Retusus (Oleaceae) And Effective Discrimination Of Closely Related Taxa, R. S. Arias, Timothy A. Rinehart, Richard T. Olsen, Joseph H. Kirkbride Jr., Brian E. Scheffler

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The genus Chionanthus (Oleaceae Hoffmans. & Link) includes deciduous or evergreen trees and shrubs distributed widely in tropical and sub-tropical areas, including a few temperate species. Although Chionanthus species are planted as ornamental garden plants and commercialized for natural products, genetic information for Chionanthus spp. is lacking. We created micro satellite-enriched libraries of Chionanthus retusus Lindl. & Paxton, assembled 1072 contigs, and detected 1010 repeats. The frequency of the repeats decreased with the increase in repeat length, and the most abundant motifs were: AG, AC, AAG, ACC, AT, and ACTC. We screened 384 markers on 12 accessions of four related …