Digital Commons Network^™

Digital Holographic Imaging Of Aerosol Particles In Flight, Matthew J. Berg, Gorden Videen

United States Army: Publications

This work describes the design and application of an apparatus to image aerosol
particles using digital holography in a flow-through, contact-free manner. Particles in an aerosol stream are illuminated by a triggered, pulsed laser and the pattern produced by the interference of this light with that scattered by the particles is recorded by a digital camera. The recorded pattern constitutes a digital hologram from which an image of the particles is computationally reconstructed using a fast Fourier transform. This imaging is validated using a cluster of ragweed pollen particles. Examples involving mineral-dust aerosols demonstrate the technique’s in situ imaging capability …

Application Of Hyperspectral Vegetation Indices To Detect Variations In High Leaf Area Index Temperate Shrub Thicket Canopies, Steven T. Brantley, Julie C. Zinnert, Donald R. Young

United States Army: Publications

Accurate measurement of leaf area index (LAI), an important characteristic of plant canopies directly linked to primary production, is essential for monitoring changes in ecosystem C stocks and other ecosystem level fluxes. Direct measurement of LAI is labor intensive, impractical at large scales and does not capture seasonal or annual variations in canopy biomass. The need to monitor canopy related fluxes across landscapes makes remote sensing an attractive technique for estimating LAI. Many vegetation indices, such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), tend to saturate at LAI levels >4 although tropical and temperate forested ecosystems often exceed that threshold. Using …

Purification Of A Recombinant Heavy Chain Fragment C Vaccine Candidate Against Botulinum Serotype C Neurotoxin [Rbontc(HC)] Expressed In Pichia Pastoris, Michael P. Dux, Jicai Huang, Rick Barent, Mehmet Inan, S. Todd Swanson, Jayanta Sinha, John T. Ross, Leonard A. Smith, Theresa J. Smith, Ian Henderson, Michael M. Meagher

United States Army: Publications

A purification process for the manufacture of a recombinant C-terminus heavy chain fragment from botulinum neurotoxin serotype C [rBoNTC(H_c)], a potential vaccine candidate, has been defined and successfully scaled-up. The rBoNTC(H_c) was produced intracellularly in Pichia pastoris X-33 using a three step fermentation process, i.e., glycerol batch phase, a glycerol fed-batch phase to achieve high cell densities, followed by a methanol induction phase. The rBoNTC(H_c) was captured from the soluble protein fraction of cell lysate using hydrophobic charge induction chromatography (HCIC; MEP HyperCel™), and then further purified using a CM 650M ion exchange chromatography …

Annual Report: College Of University Libraries & Learning Sciences Fy 2010-2011, Martha Bedard

Assessment and Statistics

No abstract provided.

Obedience And Personal Responsibility, George R. Mastroianni, Susann Kimmelman, Joe Doty, Joseph J. Thomas

United States Army: Publications

Dangerous contexts are those in which the stakes are high and where there may be little time to develop or discuss a course of action. Unquestioning and immediate obedience may be demanded precisely because deliberating or discussing might delay responding and thereby increase danger or decrease chances of survival. In some cases, there may be time for deliberation and discussion, even if there is pressure to act quickly. Reaching the right conclusions when the chips are down can be facilitated by having considered in advance one's obligation to obey an order versus responsibility to oneself, one's values, and others who …

Hormone Therapy For Inmates: A Metonym For Transgender Rights, Silpa Maruri

Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy

The issue of hormone therapy for transgender inmates, while seemingly limited in importance, is one that involves issues of greater importance for the transgender community. The greatest issue at the heart of the matter is the legal argument that is traditionally used to gain access to hormone therapy: the Eighth Amendment. The Eighth Amendment prohibits deliberate indifference to the medical needs of inmates. Traditionally, transgender inmates have gained access to hormone therapy by appealing to the DSM-IV's classification of Gender Identity Disorder (GID) as a mental illness, and by establishing that prison officials' failure to provide hormone therapy constitutes deliberate …

A Chip Off The Old Iceblock: How Cryopreservation Has Changed Estate Law, Why Attempts To Address The Issue Have Fallen Short, And How To Fix It, Benjamin C. Carpenter

Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Letters To Silent Teachers In Tzu Chi Medical School: A Spiritual Interaction, Guo-Ming Chen, Chien Chang, Tong Yu

Communication Studies Faculty Publications

This article examines the spiritual communication between medical students and the donated dead body they anatomized, referred to as the silent teacher. Data were obtained from the medical school of Tzu Chi University in Taiwan, where students are required to write a letter to the silent teacher at the end of the semester after they have anatomized the body. The school has collected and published a total of 89 letters from 1996 to 2001. This article content analyzes all the 89 letters published and draws common themes from them. Based on the results of this content analysis, we have …

Synthesis And Anti-Hiv Activities Of Bis-(Cyclosaligenyl) Pronucleotides Derivatives Of 3′-Fluoro-3′-Deoxythymidine And 3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythymidine, Yousef Ahmadibeni, Rakesh Tiwari, Chelsie Swepson, Jui Pandhare, Chandravanu Dash, Gustavo F. Doncel, Keykavous Parang

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Anti-HIV nucleoside monophosphates have limited cellular uptake due to the presence of negatively-charged phosphate group. Bis-(cycloSaligenyl) derivatives containing two anti-HIV nucleosides, 3′-fluoro-3′-deoxythymidine (FLT) and 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) were synthesized to increase intracellular delivery of nucleoside monophosphates. 2,5-Bis(hydroxymethylene)benzene-1,4-diol was selected as a monocyclic bidentate scaffold and synthesized by three different methods from bis(hydroxymethylene)cyclohexan-1,4-diene-1,4-diol, or diethyl 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate. The reaction of the tetraol with diisopropylphosphoramidous dichloride in the presence of 2,6-lutidine, followed by conjugation reactions with nucleosides (i.e., FLT and AZT) and oxidation afforded symmetrical and unsymmetrical bis-(cycloSaligenyl) diphosphate triester products, AZT–AZT, FLT–FLT, and FLT–AZT conjugates, in 63–74% overall yields …

Coparenting : A Conceptual And Clinical Examination Of Family Systems., James P. Mchale, Kristin M. Lindahl

Faculty Books

The past 15 years have seen the explosive growth of a new field of study that has come to be known as coparenting (McHale & Sullivan, 2008). Since the turn of the new millennium, fresh new insights and thoughtful empirical research studies explicitly guided by coparenting frameworks have made their way into the peer-reviewed literature almost every few months. But what is coparenting, and why is there a need for an entire volume taking stock of such a relatively new field of study? Broadly speaking, coparenting is an enterprise undertaken by two or more adults who together take on the …

Mothering In Prison: Maintaining Relationships Through Prison Programs, Shawna Bussone

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

After Gender The Destruction Of Man - The Vatican's Nightmare Vision Of The 'Gender Agenda' For Law, Mary Anne Case

Articles

No abstract provided.

Graduate Catalogue 2009 - 2011, Tennessee State University

Tennessee State University Graduate Catalogues

No abstract provided.

Evidence For Olfactory Learning In Procellariiform Seabird Chicks, Gregory B. Cunningham, Gabrielle A. Nevitt

Biology Faculty/Staff Publications

Burrow nesting procellariiform seabirds use olfactory cues for both foraging and nest recognition. As chicks, burrow nesters develop in the dark, but are exposed to both prey-related and individual-specific scents through contact with their parents. This exposure suggests that chicks may have the opportunity to learn odors while still in the nest. In this study, we examined whether exposure to odorants during development might influence olfactory search behavior expressed later in life. To test this idea, we exposed eggs of thin-billed prions Pachyptila belcheri to a rosy-scented novel odor (phenyl ethyl alcohol, PEA) or a control (water) just before hatching; …

Generating Interest In Plant Biology Among Predominantly Pre-Med Undergraduates Using A Popular Science Novel, Maryann Herman

Biology Faculty/Staff Publications

Many undergraduate pre-med students see little relevance of plant biology to their daily lives or future careers. I have developed assignments for a sophomore-level plant biology course that incorporate readings from from The Botany of Desire by Michael Pollan. After reading a chapter students define botanical terms within the context of the book and write a response to several instructor-provided questions. Each chapter is integrated into a larger topic in class and students discussed relationships between topics on the novel and course content. For example. the fourth chapter discusses domestication and genetic manipulation of the potato. Students are asked to …

Pwisegen: Generating Test Cases For Pairwise Testing Using Genetic Algorithms, Pedro Flores, Yoonsik Cheon

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Pairwise testing is a combinatorial testing technique that tests all possible pairs of input values. Although, finding a smallest set of test cases for pairwise testing is NP-complete, pairwise testing is regarded as a reasonable cost-benefit compromise among combinatorial testing methods. In this paper we formulate the problem of finding a pairwise test set as a search problem and apply a genetic algorithm to solve it. We also describe an open-source tool called PWiseGen for generating pairwise test sets. According to our experiments, PWiseGen produces competitive results compared with existing pairwise testing tools. Besides, it provides a framework and a …

The Radiation Quality Factor As An Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process, A. F. Barghouty

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

Radiation protection strategies for extended or deep space missions rely on accurate and robust estimates of exposure dose and corresponding risk to crew health, systems functions, and mission safety in general. Simulation and modeling of dose and risk associated with such exposures are, to various degrees, made difficult by the inherent complexity and variability in characterizing the radiation environment, its passage and interaction with matter, and its biological effects. One of the more important contributors to the overall uncertainty in dose or risk assessment is the empirical variability in the radiation quality factor, Q, which is typically used to differentiate …

Multimodel Inference And Adaptive Management, Sarah E. Rehme, Larkin A. Powell, Craig R. Allen

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Ecology is an inherently complex science coping with correlated variables, nonlinear interactions and multiple scales of pattern and process, making it difficult for experiments to result in clear, strong inference. Natural resource managers, policy makers, and stakeholders rely on science to provide timely and accurate management recommendations. However, the time necessary to untangle the complexities of interactions within ecosystems is often far greater than the time available to make management decisions. One method of coping with this problem is multimodel inference. Multimodel inference assesses uncertainty by calculating likelihoods among multiple competing hypotheses, but multimodel inference results are often equivocal. Despite …

Nest Predation And Circulating Corticosterone Levels Within And Among Species, Joseph J. Fontaine, Elena Arriero, Hubert Schwabl, Thomas E. Martin

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Variation in the risk of predation to offspring can influence the expression of reproductive strategies both within and among species. Appropriate expression of reproductive strategies in environments that differ in predation risk can have clear advantages for fitness. Although adult-predation risk appears to influence glucocorticosteroid levels, leading to changes in behavioral and life-history strategies, the influence of offspring-predation risk on adult glucocorticosteroid levels remains unclear. We compared total baseline corticosterone concentrations in Gray-headed Juncos (Junco hyemalis dorsalis) nesting on plots with and without experimentally reduced risk of nest predation. Despite differences in risk between treatments, we failed to …

Using The Judas Technique To Locate And Remove Wintertime Aggregations Of Invasive Common Carp, P. G. Bajer, Christopher J. Chizinski, P. W. Sorensen

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Radio- and acoustic telemetry in three Midwestern lakes demonstrated that common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., aggregate as water temperatures descend below 10C. Particularly dense aggregations formed at temperatures <5 >C, and once located, these aggregations could be removed with an efficiency of up to 94% using seine nets. Carp aggregated just below the surface of the ice (approximately 1.5 m) and rarely descended to warmer waters, which extended down to 10 m. Although aggregations consistently formed close to shore, their locations could not be explained by temperature or dissolved oxygen. The aggregations also moved frequently, making radio-tagged fish invaluable to locate …

Mixed-Source Reintroductions Lead To Outbreeding Depression In Second-Generation Descendents Of A Native North American Fish, David D. Huff, Loren M. Miller, Christopher J. Chizinski, Bruce Vondracek

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Reintroductions are commonly employed to preserve intraspecific biodiversity in fragmented landscapes. However, reintroduced populations are frequently smaller and more geographically isolated than native populations. Mixing genetically, divergent sources are often proposed to attenuate potentially low genetic diversity in reintroduced populations that may result from small effective population sizes. However, a possible negative tradeoff for mixing sources is outbreeding depression in hybrid offspring. We examined the consequences of mixed-source reintroductions on several fitness surrogates at nine slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) reintroduction sites in south-east Minnesota. We inferred the relative fitness of each crosstype in the reintroduced populations by comparing …

Breeding Bird Response To Partially Harvested Riparian Management Zones, Christopher J. Chizinski, Anna Peterson, Joann Hanowski, Charles R. Blinn, Bruce Vondracek, Gerald J. Niemi

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

We compared avian communities among three timber harvesting treatments in 45-m wide even-age riparian management zones (RMZs) placed between upland clearcuts and along one side of first- or second-order streams in northern Minnesota, USA. The RMZs had three treatments: (1) unharvested, (2) intermediate residual basal area (RBA) (targeted goal 11.5m²/ha, realized 16.0m2/ha), and (3) low RBA (targeted goal 5.7m²/ha, realized 8.7m²/ha). Surveys were conducted one year pre-harvest and three consecutive years post-harvest. There was no change in species richness, diversity, or total abundance associated with harvest but there were shifts in the types of …

Explaining Spatial Variability In Stream Habitats Using Both Natural And Management-Influenced Landscape Predictors, K. J. Anlauf, D. W. Jensen, K. M. Burnett, E. A. Steel, K. Christiansen, J. C. Firman, B. E. Feist, D. P. Larsen

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

1. The distribution and composition of in-stream habitats are reflections of landscape scale geomorphic and climatic controls. Correspondingly, Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are largely adapted to and constrained by the quality and complexity of those in-stream habitat conditions. The degree to which lands have been fragmented and managed can disrupt these patterns and affect overall habitat availability and quality.

2. Eleven in-stream habitat features were modelled as a function of landscape composition. In total, 121 stream reaches within coastal catchments of Oregon were modelled. For each habitat feature, three linear regression models were applied in sequence; final models were …

A Combined Visual And Acoustic Estimate Of 2008 Abundance, And Change In Abundance Since 1997, For The Vaquita, Phocoena Sinus, Tim Gerrodette, Barbara L. Taylor, René Swift, Shannon Rankin, Armando M. Jaramillo-Legorreta, Lorenzo Rojas-Bracho

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

A line-transect survey for the critically endangered vaquita, Phocoena sinus, was carried out in October–November 2008, in the northern Gulf of California,Mexico. Areas with deeper water were sampled visually from a large research vessel, while shallow water areas were covered by a sailboat towing an acoustic array. Total vaquita abundance in 2008 was estimated to be 245 animals (CV = 73%, 95% CI 68– 884). The 2008 estimate was 57% lower than the 1997 estimate, an average rate of decline of 7.6%/yr. Bayesian analyses found an 89% probability of decline in total population size during the 11 yr period, …

Can Evidence For Spatial And/Or Temporal Genetic Heterogeneity Of North Pacific Minke Whales Be Explained By Different Mixture Fractions Of The Same Two Core Stocks, Or Is It Necessary To Postulate An Additional Stock (S)?, Robin Waples

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

The analyses described here take advantage of the specificity of the two-stock mixing hypothesis for North Pacific common minke whales, which leads to some testable hypotheses based on standard population genetics theory. If the hypothesis is true (heterogeneity can be explained by different mixture fractions of the same two stocks, O and J, in different areas), loci with the largest allele frequency differences between J and O stock should show the largest departures from equilibrium when mixed samples are analyzed. Allele frequency differences were characterized by θ, an analogue of F_ST, and departures from equilibrium were indexed by …

Determining Optimal Fungicide Timing For Rhizoctonia Root Rot Of Sugar Beet In Nebraska Based On Soil Temperatures, Robert M. Harveson, Kathleen A. Nielsen, C. Clay Carlson

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Rhizoctonia root and crown rot, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is the most widespread, consistently found, and damaging sugar beet disease in Nebraska. It is capable of causing both a seedling disease and two different phases of root rot later in season. These two phases include a crown rot, and a tip rot of the tap root originating beneath the soil surface. Since there are several diverse forms (root rot phases) of the disease observed in Nebraska, it has been difficult to make fungicide recommendations based only on plant growth stage or chronological time of the season. In the attempt …

Stealing Horses And Hostile Conflict: 1833-1834 Drawings Of Mato-Tope And Sih-Chida, Kimberly Minor

School of Art, Art History, and Design: Theses and Student Creative Work

The first documented Native American art on paper includes the following drawings at the Joslyn Art Museum in Omaha, Nebraska: In the Winter, 1833-1834 (two versions) by Sih-Chida (Yellow Feather) and Mato-Tope Battling a Cheyenne Chief with a Hatchet (1834) by Mato-Tope (Four Bears) as well as an untitled drawing not previously attributed to the latter. These images were produced and collected during the winter of 1833-1834 when the German Prince Maximilian of Wied and artist Karl Bodmer resided at Fort Clark in North Dakota. These drawings remained with Prince Maximilian’s estate until they were placed on long term loan …

The Search, The Jackson Laboratory

Search Magazine

No abstract provided.

Full Issue: Volume 4, Number 2

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Birds Of Chichaqua Bottoms Greenbelt (Polk County, Iowa): Patterns Of Habitat Use And Implications For Management, Keith Summerville, Joel Boyles, Loren Lown

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Despite the fact that many birds are believed to be declining as a result of habitat loss and elimination of historic disturbance regimes, few studies have explored how restoration and management of mixed grassland and woodland systems influence bird communities. In this study, we tested whether habitat size, habitat type, and use of prescribed fire as a management tool affected the species richness and composition of bird communities sampled from 22 restored grassland and woodland sites within Chichaqua Bottoms Greenbelt (Polk County, Iowa). In 2004-5 bird communities were sampled by walking transects within each site and recording the presence and …