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What Works In Work-First Welfare: Designing And Managing Employment Programs In New York City, Andrew R. Feldman

Upjohn Press

This book is a case study of how New York City's welfare-to-work programs were managed and implemented in the mid 2000s. Feldman also analyzes the unique characteristics that differentiate it from other programs in place across the country.

The Politics And Culture Of Climate Change: Us Actors And Global Implications, Charles Waugh

English Faculty Publications

Despite the scientific consensus on global warming, many people in the USA,—both ordinary citizens and elected leaders alike—remain skeptical of the need to act, and in fact remain skeptical of the idea that humans are contributing to global warming at all. Thus, environmental justice arguments based on United States carbon emissions and the disproportionate impact of rising temperatures and rising sea levels on tropical developing nations such as Vietnam frequently fall on deaf ears. This chapter explores the political and cultural construction of this deafness, seeking a better understanding of how and why so many Americans refuse to act to …

Approximate Vs. Monte Carlo Critical Values For The Winsorized T-Test, Michael Lance

Wayne State University Dissertations

Historically, it has been accepted practice for critical values for the Winsorized t test for independent samples to be based on adjusted degrees of freedom depending on the number of total non-Winsorized (approximate) values. Recently, a new such table of Winsorized critical values has been developed via approximate randomization by Monte Carlo simulation.

Based on eight common data distributions estimated from Psychology and Education along with the normal and five Mathematical distributions, these two tables of values were compared with respect to robustness to types I and II errors through Monte Carlo simulations for one and 10% Winsorized values per …

An Assessment Of The Readiness Of King Fahad Medical City, Saudi Arabia, In Adopting Effective Online Staff Development Programs, Adnan Dhafer Alwadie

Wayne State University Dissertations

Internet access has grown in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2005 by more than 1000% and many governmental organizations are starting to provide part of their services using the internet. In addition, the Ministry of Higher Education has provided funding to all governmental universities to start developing strategies and guidelines for online education. Healthcare services in Saudi Arabia are funded by the government and are provided to all citizens free of charge. In addition, the majority of healthcare workers are expatriates. King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) is a tertiary healthcare organization that provides specialized medical care. To assure quality of …

Personality Characteristics Effects On Supervisory Working Alliance And Counselor Trainees' Skill Development, Michelle Marlene Corbin

Wayne State University Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of matching supervisors and counselor trainees personality characteristics of introversion/extraversion on supervisory working alliance and basic counseling skill development. The quasi-experimental two-treatment group study was conducted at a large mid-western urban university with master-level counselor trainees and advanced degree supervisors from a CACREP accredited Counselor Education Program during one semester. Fifteen practicum counselor trainees and eight advanced degree supervisors participated in the study. The data included pre-and-post measurements of the dependent variables, supervisory working alliance and basic counseling skill development, measured by the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory (SWAI) and Basic …

The Role Of Organizational Climate And Culture In Service Encounters, Beth Ann Heyart

Wayne State University Dissertations

This study explored the link between culture and climate with respect to customer service ratings. Two hospital units, one with high customer service ratings and one with low customer service ratings, were identified for analysis. A mixed-method design was implemented to assess climate and culture on each unit. Climate was assessed with a survey that combined elements of Schneider, White, and Paul's (1998) Assessment of Service Climate Instrument and Litwin and Stringer's (1968) Organizational Climate Questionnaire. An ethnographic approach using observation, interviews and archival data analysis was completed to understand each unit's culture. Findings indicate high customer service environments rated …

An Examination Of The Primary And Secondary Effects Of Cyber-Bullying: Development And Testing Of A Cyber-Bullying Moderator/Mediator Model, Crystal Lin Johnson

Wayne State University Dissertations

This study examined cyber-bullying as a social transgression and the potentially negative effects it has on individuals, specifically adolescents and young adults from experiences recalled by college students. Findings established support for a moderator/mediator model, designed and tested for this study, that describes the psychological process prompted by a cyber-bullying message, which is moderated as well as mediated by several factors. This study examined the theoretical and practical value of the model in terms of being able to reflect the psychological process that individuals move through when exposed to a cyber-bullying message, and its ability to account for both primary …

Making Memory: Techne, Technology, And The Refashioning Of Contemporary Memory, Kimberly Lacey

Wayne State University Dissertations

My dissertation answers two questions: Does the tension between interactive technologies and rhetoric re-shape the nature and relevance of the canon of memory? Do interactive technologies affect the ways we remember and persuade? I argue that my interpretation of techne suggests possibilities for the creation and production of new types of memory in combination with digital media. To interrogate this connection, I suggest three interpretations of the Greek concept, techne: as a process that is inherently productive; as a force that renegotiates contemporary sources of social power; and as a skill that balances expert knowledge with instrumentality. I explore …

Effects Of Two Group Approaches On Life Satisfaction And Mood Of Older Females In Nursing Homes, Bede Redpath Ryan

Wayne State University Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two group counseling therapy interventions on levels of life satisfaction and mood disturbance of older women, age 65+, living in two Detroit-based skilled nursing home facilities. This quasi-experimental, two-treatment group design examined the pretest-posttest data of two group counseling therapy interventions, Group Art Therapy (GAT) and Group Life Stories Narrative Therapy (GLSNT). Seventeen participants completed the bi-weekly, 90-minute sessions, over a four-week period. A univariate ANCOVA with group membership as fixed independent variable was used to compare life satisfaction post scores with pre scores as covariates. Mean scores were …

Rhetorical Outcomes: A Genre Analysis Of Student Service-Learning Writing, Thomas Brady Trimble

Wayne State University Dissertations

Service-learning continues to be a popular pedagogical approach within composition studies. Despite a number of studies that document a range of positive impacts on students, faculty, institutions, and community members, the relationship between service-learning and student writing outcomes is not well understood. This study presents the results of a genre analysis of student-authored ethnographies composed in four distinct sections of a service-learning--based intermediate writing course at a Midwestern urban research university. Results of the analysis are then used to develop a contextualized writing assessment framework to evaluate student writing outcomes and to consider the implications of using contemporary genre theory …

Tale Of Two Cultures: Hip-Hop And Schooling And The Impact On African American Identity And Academic Achievement, Barbara Sophie Wisniewski

Wayne State University Dissertations

This study examines the relationship between black identity, hip hop culture and relevance to the schooling of black youth through an analysis of existing literature and more so, African American youths sense of these connections. In so doing, it analyzes the various ways in facilitating black youths resistance and disengagement within the educational system in an attempt to narrow the achievement gap between African American students and their white counterparts. Hence, four questions guide this study: How do urban young adults affiliated with hip hop think and talk about the storytelling aspects and notions of self association with hip hop? …

Approval Of George W. Bush: Economic And Media Impacts, Gino Tozzi Jr.

Wayne State University Dissertations

George W. Bush's approval rate had its shares of ups and downs. In this time series study I analyze the empirical evidence of the media's and economy's impact on his approval rate from 2001-2009. People tend to hold the president responsible for the country's economic performance and the media influences people's opinions of the president through agenda setting and priming. I operationalize the media influence on people into an independent variable. My economic independent variables are the monthly percent change in inflation rate, unemployment rate, and personal income. The dependent variable is the president's approval rate. This study seeks to …

Higher Than Those Of Their Race Of Less Fortunate Advantages:Race, Ethnicity, And West Indian Political Leadership In Detroit's African American Community, 1885-1940, Kathryn Lorraine Beard

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation explores West Indian immigrants in the city of Detroit and their leadership of key institutions in the African American community from 1885 to 1940. This work is divided into two parts, with the Great Migration as the line of demarcation. The research method consists largely of collective biographies and a survey of periodicals, census records, and records generated by the institutions that had West Indian leaders. The dissertation concludes that West Indian immigrants perceived middle-class status and ethnicity as a means of distinguishing themselves from their African American counterparts, but race became a more significant factor as more …

The Impact Of Regulatory Changes On The Providers Of Treatment For Opioid Dependence, Paul Aaron Fisher

Wayne State University Dissertations

In 2000, changes in federal law allowed physicians to receive waivers to use narcotic medications, such as buprenorphine, for treatment of opioid dependence. As of 2006, physicians have been allowed to treat up to 100 patients after spending one year at a 30-patient limit. Physicians may choose to discontinue use of buprenorphine after the patient has successfully discontinued use of the substance of abuse ("withdrawal"), or physicians can keep patients on buprenorphine indefinitely ("maintenance"). The model in this dissertation assumes that demand for treatment of opioid dependence is exogenous but that demand for maintenance treatment can be induced by the …

Effects Of A Group Counseling Career Intervention On The Hopefulness And Future Orientation Of At-Risk Middle School Students, Amy Kathryn Macey

Wayne State University Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a small group counseling career intervention on levels of total hope, willpower (agency), waypower (pathways), and future orientation of at-risk middle school students attending an urban middle school in Southeast Michigan. This true experimental, randomized, pretest-posttest control group design compared the statistical outcomes of a small group counseling career intervention with a control group. Forty-four middle school students in the eighth grade (18 males and 26 females) were randomly selected and participated in the research study. Twenty-two students were randomly assigned to an experimental group and twenty-two students were …

Mine? Yours? Ours? Reconceptualizing And Contextualizing The Leader-Member Relationship, Leah Marie Omilion-Hodges

Wayne State University Dissertations

This study examines resource distribution within the intact workgroup, investigating the processes which prompt distribution from leader to member as well as the lateral lending of resources among coworkers. Espousing leader-member (LMX) and coworker relationships (CWX) within the larger organizational social structure, this research extends the field by embedding the work within the intact workgroup making specific predictions regarding coworker exchange relationships as a byproduct of perceptions of justice and individual standing (high or low status) with the leader. Propositions are forwarded which argue for the need to view LMX and CWX in terms of communal and exchange relationship types, …

Riot Or Rebellion: Media Framing And The 1967 Detroit Uprising, Casandra E. Ulbrich

Wayne State University Dissertations

Frames make sense of complex issues and events, including identifying who is to blame and who or what is responsible for overcoming the problem. This research builds on the growing list of framing research, but takes the focus in a new direction, focusing on the longevity of frames and how they may transition over time. This dissertation offers an in-depth case study of framing effects by analyzing media coverage from the 30 days following the 1967 Detroit uprising and comparing that coverage with the 40th anniversary coverage of the same event. By analyzing the uprising through a 40-year lens, this …

The Effect Of Interactive Technology On Informal Learning And Performance In A Social Setting, Timothy Clay Boileau

Wayne State University Dissertations

This study is based on a qualitative multiple case study research design using a mixed methods approach to provide insight into the effect of interactive technology on informal learning and performance in a social business setting inhabited by knowledge workers. The central phenomenon examined is the variance in behavioral intention towards interactive Web 2.0 technologies in learning and performance-related activities, depending on social and cultural setting, observable in individual and group usage patterns.

The theoretical foundation for this study is drawn primarily from the activity theory model developed by Engeström (1987) and related research enabled by an ongoing review of …

A Mediated Model Of Trust And Its Antecedents In The Client-Consultant Relationship, William L. Solomonson

Wayne State University Dissertations

This study seeks to improve the contributions of performance consultants, instructional design consultants, and training consultants by explaining the effect that several variables have on trust as a mediator to relationship commitment within the context of the client-consultant relationship. The participants were 521 college students from two 4-year universities. Participants were randomly assigned to one of eight scenario-based questionnaires which measured the effect of three manipulated variables - perceived level of expertise, shared values, and sharing of meaningful information - on trust as a mediator to relationship commitment. The ability to trust, the comparison level of the alternative, and dependence …

Sons, Daughters, And Arab-American Family Dynamics: Does A Child's Gender Matter?, Sanaa Al Harahsheh

Wayne State University Dissertations

SONS, DAUGHTERS, AND ARAB-AMERICAN FAMILY DYNAMICS: DOES A CHILD'S GENDER MATTER?

by

SANAA ALHARAHSHEH

December 2011

Advisor: Dr. Mary Sengstock

Major: Sociology

Degree:Doctor of Philosophy

Gender differences exist in families in all societies and cultures, but expectations are often different from one society/culture to another. Children's gender and its implications for family behavior have recently received a great deal of scholarly attention, especially in western societies; however, the influence of a child's gender on Arab-American family dynamics has not been investigated. Therefore, this study is the first to examine the impact of the gender of the child in selected Arab-American …

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Non-Normal Distributions On Tests Of Equivalence, Linda Ellington

Wayne State University Dissertations

Statistical theory and its application provide the foundation to modern systematic inquiry in the behavioral, physical and social sciences disciplines (Fisher, 1958; Wilcox, 1996). It provides the tools for scholars and researchers to operationalize constructs, describe populations, and measure and interpret the relations between populations and variables (Weinbach & Grinnell, 1997; Wilcox, 1996). Given that the majority of real data analysis in the behavioral and social sciences is comprised of non-normally distributed data, it is important that researchers be aware of the effects of non-normal distributions on the probability of detecting equivalence between populations.

The present study examined the effects …

Reliability Generalization: Lapsus Linguae, Julie Marilyn Smith

Wayne State University Dissertations

This study examines the proposed Reliability Generalization (RG) method for studying reliability. RG employs the application of meta-analytic techniques similar to those used in validity generalization studies to examine reliability coefficients. This study explains why RG does not provide a proper research method for the study of reliability, including describing how reliability is not a singular metric but a family of coefficients that are not interchangeable, along with other issues, such as sample and test administration. This research used Monte Carlo simulations designed to illustrate how the same instrument, administered repeatedly, can result in different reliability coefficients and to show …

The Brains Behind Mediation: Reflections On Neuroscience, Conflict Resolution And Decision-Making, Daniel Weitz

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

On September 13, 1848, an explosives charge sent a three-foot tamping iron about an inch in diameter through the head of Phineas Gage. Although Gage survived, the tamping iron, which entered just under the left eye and exited through the frontal portion of his head, destroyed his prefrontal cortex. Prior to the accident, Gage was a popular foreman of a railroad construction crew. After the accident, he was a tactless, profane, and impulsive man with a dramatically altered personality.

International Advocate For Peace Award Acceptance Speech, Abigail E. Disney

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

In a few weeks, we will all be gathering around our mothers to celebrate one of the most shamelessly trumped-up, commercialized and corny-and I might add, one of my very favorite-holidays on the American calendar: Mother's Day. I do not want to sound cynical; it is truly a wonderful thing for us to stop and honor those women in our lives who have shaped us, for better or for worse. And who does not love a little tribute made out of glitter and doilies and Elmer's glue?

Contracting For Arbitration In Custody Disputes: Parental Autonomy Vs. State Responsibility, Christina Fox

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

New York and New Jersey are so close in location, but so far apart in their respective policies toward binding arbitration in child custody matters. Even though most family law matters now involve forms of alternative dispute resolution ("ADR"), courts are deeply divided on whether binding arbitration should be allowed in child custody disputes, and over which standard to adopt in reviewing custody arbitration awards. While New York has repeatedly disallowed binding arbitration in child custody, New Jersey has recently joined other states in approving binding arbitration and enforcing a parent's contractual determination of his child's welfare. The question is …

Can The Leopard Change His Spots?! Reflections On The 'Collaborative Law' Revolution And Collaborative Advocacy, Dafna Lavi

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

Much has been written about the social contribution of the ADR movement, and the many and diverse ways to implement it. This article focuses on collaborative law, one of the newer methods adopted by this movement, and observes that the full impact and implications of this movement have not yet been explored. One of the compelling implications discussed in this article is the collaborative law revolution.

This article presents both the observable and latent aspects of this revolution. According to this article, the main contribution of the revolution is in signaling a change in the design and conceptualization of the …

Methodology In Action: On Consistency, Accuracy And Proficiency In Mediation, Ran Kuttner

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

Over seventeen years have passed since the first edition of Bush & Folger's The Promise of Mediation. Edited by Bush and Folger together with Dorothy Della Noce, Transformative Mediation: A Sourcebook - Resources for Conflict Intervention Practitioners and Programs offers a new and important contribution to our understanding of the promise of mediation, this time not necessarily because of the particular ideology of the transformative approach, but because of the manner in which this volume demonstrates how mediation scholarship can further develop mediation proficiency. The promise of mediation and the future of its institutionalization as a respected, distinct profession …

Courageous Conversations: Aligning The Occupy Wall Street And The Mediation Movements, Raymond Shonholtz

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

Originally prepared as a speech for the Oregon Mediation Conference, November 2011, the following has been modified for a wider audience concerned about the role of mediators and the mediation movement in relation to the Occupy Wall Street Movement ("OWS"). The author's intent is to provide a context for supporting the "courageous conversations" (theme of the Oregon Mediation Association Conference) of OWS by mediation and change management experts. The following was written a month after the Oregon Mediation Association speech and reflects comments made to the author to elaborate on the mediating modalities that might be useful to both OWS …

Mismatch.Com: Online Dispute Resolution And Divorce, Rebecca Brennan

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

This Note proposes that online dispute resolution (ODR) is a particularly therapeutic method of negotiating and settling a divorce, and in some circumstances may be a more appropriate method than traditional face-to-face mediation sessions. Part I will discuss divorce and its psychological and emotional consequences. Part II will discuss therapeutic jurisprudence and why it is especially beneficial as applied to the dissolution of marriages. Part III will discuss ODR in general, its development, and its application to a variety of legal fields. Part IV will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of ODR, particularly with regards to therapeutic jurisprudence and divorce …

Maternal Exposure To The Holocaust And Health Complaints In Offspring, Janine D. Flory, Linda M. Bierer, Rachel Yehuda

Publications and Research

Although the link between chronic stress and the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases of adulthood has been known for some time, there is growing recognition that early environmental influences may result in developmental programming via epigenetic mechanisms, thereby affecting the developmental trajectory of disease progression. Previous studies support the idea that offspring of Holocaust survivors may have been subjected to early developmental programming. We evaluated the relationship between parental exposure to the Holocaust and selfreported health ratings and disorders made by their adult offspring (i.e., second generation Holocaust survivors). A total of 137 subjects were evaluated. Regression analyses demonstrated …