Digital Commons Network^™

Dangerous Psychopaths: Criminally Responsible But Not Morally Responsible, Subject To Criminal Punishment And To Preventive Detention, Ken Levy

San Diego Law Review

How should we judge psychopaths, both morally and in the criminal justice system? This Article will argue that psychopaths are often not morally responsible for their bad acts simply because they cannot understand, and therefore be guided by, moral reasons.

Scholars and lawyers who endorse the same conclusion automatically tend to infer from this premise that psychopaths should not be held criminally punishable for their criminal acts. These scholars and lawyers are making this assumption (that just criminal punishment requires moral responsibility) on the basis of one of two deeper assumptions: that either criminal punishment directly requires moral responsibility or …

Anxiety: An Evolutionary Approach, M Bateson, B Brilot, D Nettle

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental illnesses, with huge attendant suffering. Current treatments are not universally effective, suggesting that a deeper understanding of the causes of anxiety is needed. To understand anxiety disorders better, it is first necessary to understand the normal anxiety response. This entails considering its evolutionary function as well as the mechanisms underlying it. We argue that the function of the human anxiety response, and homologues in other species, is to prepare the individual to detect and deal with threats. We use a signal detection framework to show that the threshold for expressing the anxiety …

Antisipasi, Rujukan Dan Fokus Pengaturan Sebagai Prediktor Perilaku Sehat, Dharmayati Utoyo Lubis, Bagus Takwin, Sahat Krisfianus Panggabean

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

The aim of this study was to understand the relation between principles of self-regulation and health behaviors, including which self-regulation principles used. Using three principles of self-regulation which are regulatory anticipation, regulatory reference, and regulatory focus (Higgins, Grant, & Shah, 1999) this study examined the role of those principles on health behavior among people in DKI Jakarta. The health behavior was divided into health promotive behavior and health preventive behavior. This study was conducted to 385 citizens of DKI Jakarta (200 males and 185 females with average age is 32 years old). Data analysis using multiple regressions indicated the role …

Intergroup Bias Among Jakarta's Road Users, Amarina Ariyanto, Nurlyta Hafiyah, Sri Rochani Soesetio

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

The goal of this study is to examine intergroup bias among people who use roads in Jakarta. Intergroup bias refers to the tendency to prioritize, treat and perceive in-group members more favorable than out-groups. Three different groups of road users participated in this study: private drivers, motor riders, and public transportation drivers. Intergroup bias is measured as perception bias and attribution bias. The findings show that both forms of bias occur among the road users. Intergroup attribution bias that is found among the three groups are more in-group than out-group attribution bias. The private car drivers, motor riders, and public …

Assessing The Impact Of Recommendation Agents On On-Line Consumer Unplanned Purchase Behavior, R. Eric Hostler, Victoria Y. Yoon, Zhiling Guo, Tor Guimaraes, Guisseppi Forgionne

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recommendation agents (RAs) have been used by many Internet businesses such as Amazon and Netflix. However, few authors have studied how consumer behavior is affected by those that make suggestions to online consumers based on their recent shopping behavior. Fewer still have examined the role that RAs play in influencing impulse purchasing decisions online. Our study developed a theoretical model to illustrate the impact of RAs on online consumer behavior. The model was tested through an online shopping simulation which used a collaborative filtering based product RA. Particular attention was paid to the effects of an RA on consumer behavior; …

Songs From A Distant Memory: A Study Of Bright Sheng's Four Movement For Piano Trio And Tibetan Dance, Angela On Yee Wong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Bright Sheng (1955-) is a contemporary Chinese composer whose music spans Chinese and Western culture. The two piano trios chosen for this project, Four Movements for Piano Trio and Tibetan Dance, have not been thoroughly discussed and analyzed. Sheng's chamber music deserves academic attention because of his creative integration of Chinese and Western culture in his compositions. He fuses Chinese musical elements such as heterophony, pentatonic scales, and Chinese folksongs within the Western genres and structure. He vividly captures the spirit of Chinese music with a contemporary flavor, thus creating his own musical language. This paper will begin with an …

Classroom Practices And Perspective Transformation In An Adult Elementary Spanish Classroom, Stacey Margaret Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The purpose of this research was to explore students' experiences of perspective transformation and the classroom practices contributing to that transformation in a first-semester, college Spanish class. Purposeful sampling was used to choose a college-level Elementary Spanish I class to study. The qualitative case study design required the collection of three kinds of data: 1) participant observation in the classroom, 2) student learning journals, and 3) one-on-one interviews conducted with eight students purposefully sampled from the class. The criterion for selecting interview participants was evidence in the participant observation and learning journal data of the early stages of perspective transformation. …

Perceptions And Use Of Cooperative Learning By Community College Faculty Members, Marcia Fay Hunter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The researcher of this study examined the perceptions and use of cooperative learning by community college faculty members. The researcher used the survey method as part of a quantitative, descriptive research. The participants for the study were 148 faculty members who taught at least one face-to-face class during the spring semester of 2011 at a southern urban community college. Cooperative learning brings students together to work in small groups to enhance their own learning and that of their peers. Research identifies it as a pedagogical and andragogical approach that increases the academic and social gains of students. There is limited …

Exchangeability Of Brief And Abbreviated Intelligence Tests: Illuminating The Influence On Error Variance Components On Iqs, Sarah Mccallum Irby

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This study examined the relations between and the exchangeability of IQs from four brief and abbreviated intelligence tests. All four tests were administered to 40 college students and scored by one set of examiners and later scored by a second examiner. All IQs were submitted to a Generalizability theory analysis to examine the relative contributions of error variance components of “test” and “examiner” and their interactions in producing variance in IQs relative to the object of measurement, individual differences in general intelligence. Despite very strong mean reliability coefficients (i.e., .91 to .96), the resulting dependability coefficient was .75, which indicated …

Bouncing Back: The Viability And Sustainability Of A School-Based Therapeutic Summer Camp For Adolescents Exposed To Violence, Darcus Fayetta Greene

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The scholarship on exposure to violence suggests that traumatic and violent experiences place students at risk for exhibiting externalizing and internalizing behaviors that may impede academic performance. Moreover, the lack of effective programs and services has perpetuated the problem of unmet or underserved mental health needs. The purpose of the present study was to understand mental health clinicians' perspectives of best practices within the context of a two-week, school-based summer camp designed to provide therapeutic services to middle school students who have been exposed to violence. Bronfenbrenner's ecology of human development and Vygotsky's principle of the zone of proximal development …

Do Reflective Responses By The Therapist Improve The Outcome Of Psychotherapy, Catherine Marie Reich

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Although reflective listening is a technique used by a number of therapeutic orientations, there is little empiricial evidence of its causal impact on psychotherapy outcome. This randomized clinical trial examined whether reflective listening by therapists influences perceptions of empathy or therapeutic outcome. In the study, therapists at a university counseling center were trained to use either a greater or lesser number of reflective responses with clients they treated. Both clients and therapists then completed empathy and outcome measures after each of the first four sessions of treatment. Analyses failed to suggest that therapist reflection actually occurred more frequently in one …

Reflections Of Self: An Autoethnography Exploring A Survivor's Journey To Healing, Shemika Maria Harris

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This study exposed the ramifications of childhood sexual abuse in regards to an African American woman's self-representation by contextualizing this experience within the larger cultural context; thereby, illuminating issues regarding race, class, gender, and relationships with others. Framed within a feminist theoretical paradigm, this study integrated the sociological context of race and culture using Black Feminist thought (Collins, 2000) and Relational Cultural Theory, which examines women's psychological identity development (Jordan, 2010; Miller, 1976). To illustrate an African American woman's negotiation of existence as a survivor of childhood sexual abuse, this qualitative study employed the research methodology autoethnography. Employing autoethnography provides …

The Relationship Between Salivary Cortisol Levels And Stressful Behaviors Upon The Introduction Of A New Exhibit Mate In Captive Black And Gold Howler Monkeys (Alouatta Caraya) At The Hattiesburg Zoo, Cassie Mechelle Chandler

Master's Theses

Salivary cortisol levels were taken on a male and a female howler monkey and compared with behavioral observations during their introduction to one another into an exhibit at the Hattiesburg Zoo in order to determine the link between behavior and stress. This study sought to answer the following research questions: What behavioral responses occur when two howler monkeys are introduced into the same exhibit at a zoo? How stressed are the animals at different stages of the introduction? And, what is the correlation between behaviors and hormones, if any?

The study spanned four phases including a baseline phase, the initial …

Towards Failure Free Design: An Analysis Of Risk Mitigation Communication, Daniel Krus, Katie Grantham

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In order to ensure that risk mitigation strategies are properly communicated to and understood by those who would use them in future designs, a common language of risk mitigation should exist. This paper focuses on a set of elements for describing risk mitigation strategies based on a linguistic analysis of the information such strategies must communicate to the design team. Sample strategies are then decomposed into these attributes and evaluated using the Gricean cooperation principle, relevance theory, and functional analysis theories from the pragmatics sub-field of linguistics. using the deficiencies found from this analysis, a format for risk mitigation strategies …

The Parthenon, December 1, 2011 , Kristin Steele

The Parthenon

The Parthenon, Marshall University’s student newspaper, is published by students Monday through Friday during the regular semester and weekly Thursday during the summer. The editorial staff is responsible for the news and the editorial content.

Investigating The Role Of God Attachment, Adult Attachment And Emotion Regulation In Binge Eating, Angela Charpia Weaver

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Using a cross-sectional, self-report research design, this study examined a non-clinical population of 175 college women between the ages of 18-28 at a private, Christian university. A Pearson correlation matrix confirmed significant linear relationships between binge eating symptoms, emotion regulation, adult attachment insecurity and God attachment insecurity. A hierarchical multiple regression model determined that God attachment insecurity does not contribute unique variance toward binge eating symptoms after controlling for emotion regulation and adult attachment insecurity. Because God attachment insecurity was correlated to emotion regulation and adult attachment insecurity, and weakly correlated to binge eating symptoms without contributing unique variance, this …

Enriching Science And Math Through Engineering, Adrienne Redmond, Julie Thomas, Karen High, Margaret Scott, Pat Jordan, Jean Dockers

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

This case study reviewed the collaborative efforts of university engineers, teacher educators, and middle school teachers to advance sixth- and seventh-grade students’ learning through a series of project-based engineering activities. This two-year project enriched regular school curricula by introducing real-world applications of science and mathematics concepts that expanded opportunities for creativity and problem-solving, introduced problem-based learning, and provided after-school programming (for girls only) led by engineering students from the local university. This engineering education initiative showed significant impact on students’ (1) confidence in science and mathematics; (2) effort toward science and mathematics; (3) awareness of engineering; and (4) interest in …

The Efficacy Of Verbal Assertiveness Training On Reducing Risk Of Sexual Assualt, Holly Michelle Rusinko

Theses and Dissertations

Sexual assault is a common problem faced by women. Research has suggested 1 in 4 women will experience a sexual assault at some point during their life (Casey & Nuris, 2006; Tjaden & Thoennes, 1998; Fisher, Cullen & Turner, 2000). College females are one of the highest risk groups for experiencing a sexual assault. Currently, self defense courses are offered on college campuses. Self defense courses have proven to reduce depression and anxiety as well as increase a participant’s self esteem (Brecklin & Ullman, 2005). The current study assessed the efficacy of a novel assertiveness training program on reducing sexual …

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Nelayan Artisanal Dalam Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan Di Pantai Utara Provinsi Jawa Barat, Prihandoko Prihandoko, Amri Jahi, Darwis S. Gani, I Gusti Putu Purnaba, Luky Adrianto, Iwan Tjitradjaja

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

This study aims to estimate accurately the behavior using the Theory of Planned Behavior perspective of artisanal fishermen in Indonesia, in the midst of life with the condition of degradation of marine resources are declining, absolute poverty faced by artisanal fishermen and the more complex issues of coastal resource use in Indonesia with a more diversity of stakeholders utilizing these resources. The population of artisanal fishermen in the northern coast of West Java Province 10,404. Techniques for sampling by cluster random sampling clusters with the number of household sample of 400 artisanal fishermen. Data was collected using a questionnaire interview …

Menguji Sikap Implisit Dengan Implicit Association Test, Nurlyta Hafiyah, Anisa Puri, Rizkiana Shadewi

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

The present study was aimed to develop implicit association test (IAT) as a measure of implicit attitude and to test whether IAT had good validity and reliability to measure implicit attitude between Moslems and Christians in Indonesia. Both Moslems and Christians were participated in this study. The results showed that IAT is valid and reliable to measure implicit attitude related to religion. Furthermore, IAT was able to reveal more attitudinal discrimination between Moslem and Christian categories than it would be revealed by the explicit measures of the same religion-related attitude. IAT was also able to reveal opposed evaluations even for …

Perceived Peer Social Support Dan Psychological Distress Mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia, Astri Dewayani, Augustine D. Sukarlan, Sherly S. Turnip

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

This study investigated the difference of psychological distress between students of Universitas Indonesia who have and who does not have perceived peer social support. This quantitative study has been done by adapting HSCL-25 questionnaire to know psychological distress to differentiate students of Universitas Indonesia who perceived peer social support. Participants are 666 students of Universitas Indonesia obtained by random/probability sampling. There is no significant difference in psychological distress between students of Universitas Indonesia who have and who does not have perceived peer social support. It is assumed that there are many other factors that influence the psychological distress student.

Singapore Consumer’S Inflation Expectations And Creation Of Singapore Index Of Inflation Expectations, Aurobindo Ghosh, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

The aim of this report is to highlight a broad spectrum of issues that brings about the measurement of the disagreement and the uncertainity and the formation of inflation expectations among economic agents in Singapore.

Capabilities Perception Of Well-­‐Being And Development Effort: Some Evidence From Afghanistan, Jean-Francois Trani, Parul Bakhshi, Cécile Rolland

Brown School Faculty Publications

This paper examines the relationship between capabilities, well-being and the impact of development efforts in Afghanistan. Using data from a nationally representative survey, we argue that very vulnerable groups maintain a positive perception of well-being by referring to collective values and practices. Our data suggest that deprivation of individual basic capabilities does not systematically lead to a low perception of well-being if individuals have access to other capabilities such as love and care and participation in the community affairs. Nevertheless, access to basic capabilities remains crucial in order to ensure that social norms and expectations cease to constitute constraints and …

Case Study On Using A Programming Practice Tool For Evaluating University Applicants, Shannon Christopher Boesch, Kevin Steppe

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We used a programming practice tool to test basic programming skills of prospective students. A live competition was used to test those skills. Students who did well were asked for further interviews. Most students had no prior background and reported learning the basics of two programming languages within two weeks of self-study.

Modeling 3d Articulated Motions With Conformal Geometry Videos (Cgvs), Dao T. P. Quynh, Ying He, Xiaoming Chen, Jiazhi Xia, Qian Sun, Steven C. H. Hoi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

3D articulated motions are widely used in entertainment, sports, military, and medical applications. Among various techniques for modeling 3D motions, geometry videos (GVs) are a compact representation in that each frame is parameterized to a 2D domain, which captures the 3D geometry (x, y, z) to a pixel (r, g, b) in the image domain. As a result, the widely studied image/video processing techniques can be directly borrowed for 3D motion. This paper presents conformal geometry videos (CGVs), a novel extension of the traditional geometry videos by taking into the consideration of the isometric nature of 3D articulated motions. We …

Visualizing Social Studies, Sarah Christine Larsen

Honors Program Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to determine the benefits of incorporating visual learning methods into high school social studies curricula through a thorough examination of the history of the study of intelligence and learning, focusing on several studies that made significant contributions. From my personal experience throughout school, I have observed that many of my peers appear to be visual learners. While I myself am an auditory learner, I believe that, due to the large amount of visual stimulation students are exposed to in American society, most students respond best to visual styles of teaching. This thesis will investigate …

Current And Future Directions In Frailty Research., Anita Mohandas, Joanne Reifsnyder, Mimi Jacobs, Tim Fox

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

The concept of frailty has been evolving dramatically for the past 30 years. Through its evolution, a variety of single and multidimensional models have been used to describe frailty. This article reviews the current literature related to the defining dimensions of frailty and identifies the gaps in the literature requiring additional research. A detailed literature review was performed to identify key dimensions and models currently being used to define frailty, classify interventions that have been developed to reverse frailty, and identify potential areas for future research within this field. Despite the large body of research defining the dimensions of frailty, …

An Analysis Of Burmese And Iraqi Resettlement Location And Assimilation In A Midsized City: Implications For Educational And Other Community Leaders, Donna Schiess Renaud

Dissertations

Refugees face different circumstances than other immigrants regarding housing in initial resettlement in the U.S. Refugees have no choice of their initial residence as this is determined in advance by the resettlement agency. Refugees who belong to minority ethnic groups and who have little education or skills may experience discrimination and hostility from local citizens. Resettlement areas that are high in population density, rental units, minorities, crime, unemployment, inadequate transportation, and low income may present additional barriers to cultural and economic assimilation.

This mixed-method study had a twofold purpose. The first was to describe quantitatively how the initial resettlement address …

But Does It Work? The Impact Of Social Media Use On Interpretive Outcomes And Place Attachments At San Francisco Bay Area Parks, Eric Knackmuhs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Many parks are now using social media sites to connect with visitors but little is known about how effective these efforts have been. This study examined the influence of social media use on interpretive outcomes and place attachment. Visitors to four parks in the San Francisco Bay Area were surveyed twice, once as they exited the park (n = 529) and a second time via email (n = 216) six to ten weeks after visiting. In both surveys, respondents were asked how they use social media to experience parks and to what extent they experienced interpretive outcomes (intellectual and emotional …

Accreditation Standards And Quality Assurance Among Education Faculties Of The Jordanian Universities, Omar Al-Kharabsheh, Abedullah Al-Habahbah, Asma Al-Jaafrah

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

The aim of this study is to identify the required standards from the faculties of education in the Jordanian universities, in addition to the work required in achieving those standards in order to reach both private and general academic accreditation. Outcomes of this accreditation will assure an acceptable quality of graduates’ students which in turns could reflect positively at the work market and quality assurance eventually. The study presented a number of Arabic and international experiences in the field of academic accreditation. As well as it presented the general standards for accreditations for the Jordanian universities, and the private standards …