Digital Commons Network^™

Work And Mexican American Parent-Adolescent Relationships: The Mediating Role Of Parent Well-Being, Lorey A. Wheeler, Kimberly A. Updegraff

Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools: Faculty Publications

This study of Mexican American two-parent families (N = 246) examined the role of parents’ well-being (i.e., depressive symptoms, role overload) as a potential mechanism through which parent occupational conditions (i.e., self-direction, hazardous conditions, physical activity, work pressure) are linked to parent-adolescent relationship qualities (i.e., warmth, conflict, disclosure). Depressive symptoms mediated the links between maternal and paternal work pressure and parentadolescent warmth, conflict, and disclosure. For mothers, depressive symptoms also mediated the links between self-direction and mother-adolescent warmth, conflict, and disclosure; for fathers, role overload mediated the links between work pressure and hazardous conditions with fatheradolescent warmth.

Pilot Study: Barriers To Whole Grain Consumption Among Diabetics Of German Heritage, Nicole Erickson

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Whole grains play a cost-effective role in the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes, yet consumption remains well below recommendations. This pilot study showed that nonfamilial environmental factors have a strong influence on whole grain consumption among type 2 diabetics of German descent. Dietary records and grain questionnaires were used to probe subjects’ knowledge of the benefits of whole grains, reasons for grain preferences, and actual consumption. For this population (n=18), mean whole grain consumption ( = 48±30 g/d = 3±2 servings/d) was much higher than the national average (μ ≤ 1 serving/d). Misunderstanding of labels negatively influenced whole …

2011 Symposium Brochure

Programs

No abstract provided.

Frequency And Distribution Of Developmental Anomalies In The Permanent Teeth Of A Turkish Orthodontic Patient Population, Fatih Kazanci, Mevlut Celikoglu, Ozkan Miloglu, Ismail Ceylan, Hasan Kamak

Journal of Dental Sciences

Abstract Background/purpose The aims of this study were to determine the frequency and distribution of developmental anomalies in the permanent teeth of a Turkish orthodontic patient population and determine the relationships between gender and dental anomalies. Materials and methods A retrospective study was performed using pretreatment dental casts, panoramic radiographs, and intraoral photographs of 3165 Turkish orthodontic patients (1940 females and 1225 males) aged 9–25 years. These patients were analyzed for evidence of four types of developmental anomalies (tooth form, number, position, and structural dental anomalies). Descriptive characteristics of these dental anomalies, including gender, jaws, and sides of the jaw …

Considering The Perspective Of Emergency Management Professionals Regarding Radiological Response And School Resiliency, Ronald G. Edmond

Ed.D. Dissertations

The purpose of the study is to consider the perspective of emergency management professionals regarding need for a radiological response plan and its implications to school resiliency. This study utilizes a three-round, Modified Delphi Method to provide structure for the group process, elicit experts’ opinions, and build consensus regarding radiological response and school resiliency. The experts’ opinions are analyzed at the conclusion of each round and synthesized to create considerations for school systems for a school-system-based radiological-specific response plan. The recommendations align existing school system’s capabilities, roles and responsibilities with required emergency response actions necessary to protect the health and …

Paul Timmermans On Invisible War: The United States And The Iraq Sanctions. By Joy Gordon. Cambridge, Ma: Harvard University Press, 2010. 359 Pp., Paul Timmermans

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Invisible War: The United States and the Iraq Sanctions. By Joy Gordon. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010. 359 pp.

Security Now: Addressing The Needs Of Darfur’S Children, Nicole Judd

Human Rights & Human Welfare

In the Darfur region of Sudan, over 2.3 million children have been affected by the ongoing genocide (UNICEF 2008). Unlike their adult counterparts, children are impacted more severely by the consequences of warfare as they are undergoing a fragile developmental process. While each one of the affected children has had their basic human rights violated in some form, the narrative of trauma differs between groups. Sexually-exploited girls, boy soldiers, unaccompanied children, and those who remain in under-resourced camps have experienced the protracted violence in unique ways. To mitigate the effects of war, each group should receive individualized humanitarian assistance as …

Scaling Up The Integration Of Tuberculosis Screening Into Reproductive Health Services, Aphia Ii Or Project In Kenya

Reproductive Health

The Population Council’s APHIA II Operations Research and Kenya’s Ministry of Health implemented a pilot project in five facilities across Nairobi Province in 2010 with the aim of improving access to care and treatment for tuberculosis (TB) for women during postnatal care (PNC) services. As tuberculosis persists in Kenya, integration of screening and referrals within postnatal care services will increase case detection and treatment for those infected. Integration of TB screening is likely to be scaled up throughout PNC and maternal and child health services in Kenya. Strong linkages between health services, training, and supervision, and simple provider tools will …

Using Positive Deviance For Determining Successful Weight- Control Practices, Heather L. Stuckey, Jarol Boan, Jennifer L. Kraschnewski, Michelle Miller-Day, Erik B. Lehman, Christopher N. Sciamanna

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

Based on positive deviance (examining the practices of successful individuals), we identified five primary themes from 36 strategies that help to maintain long-term weight loss (weight control) in 61 people. We conducted in-depth interviews to determine what successful individuals did and/or thought about regularly to control their weight. The themes included weight-control practices related to (a) nutrition: increase water, fruit, and vegetable intake, and consistent meal timing and content; (b) physical activity: follow and track an exercise routine at least 3×/week; (c) restraint: practice restraint by limiting and/or avoiding unhealthy foods; (d) self-monitor: plan meals, and track calories/weight progress; and …

Symposium On Commercial Speech And Public Health, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

Americans have access to more health-related information today than ever before. Consumers are bombarded with medical messages and flooded with health-based claims. Television and magazine advertisements inform consumers about everything from insomnia and erectile dysfunction to the importance of dietary fiber and the allegedly wondrous properties of pomegranates. Product labels and promotions provide more food for thought about fat, sodium, and carbohydrates; nutritional supplement makers further supplement consumer nutritional information. Were that not enough, the internet provides access to still more data (and opinion), much of it of questionable provenance and reliability.

White Ibis (Eudocimus Albus) Feeding On Bivalves In Southwest Florida, Theodore H. Below

Florida Field Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Xs® Energy Drink On Aerobic Exercise Capacity Of Athletes, Kevin M. Sheehan, Lynn K. Hartzler

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A small increase in performance is often the difference between winning and losing for athletes, and energy supplements are marketed to give them a competitive edge. One such supplement is XS® Energy Drink which contains B vitamins, caffeine, taurine, and an herbal adaptogen blend. XS® Energy Drink is primarily designed and marketed as an alertness stimulus; however, it is also marketed to athletes as a performance enhancing supplement. The hypothesis of this investigation was that the consumption of XS® Energy Drink before exercise would increase aerobic capacity (an increase in Vo2max) and time to fatigue, and would decrease time for …

The Effect Of Prenatal Care And Other Factors On Preterm Births In Montgomery County 2007-2009, Leslie A. Schmieder

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Introduction Preterm birth is defined as a baby who is born before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Problems with preterm birth include an increased risk for health complications throughout life as well as having significantly more medical expenses compared to a full term infant. Prenatal care has shown to decrease the risk for preterm birth nationally. The objective of this project was to analyze prenatal care and other risk and demographic factors to determine their association with preterm birth in Montgomery County.

Method Data used included the 2007-2009 Montgomery County Birth Certificate Data for mothers who had singleton births. The Kessner …

Population Pharmacokinetic (Pk) And Pharmacodynamic (Pd) Modeling Of Ticarcillin‐Clavulanate In Pediatric Cf Patients, Jeffery T. Zobell, Chris Stockmann, D. C. Young, Jared Cash, Catherine M.T. Sherwin, Michael G. Spigarelli, Barbara A. Chatfield, Krow Ampofo

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Mercury Bioaccumulation And Biomagnification In Ozark Stream Ecosystems, Christopher J. Schmitt, Craig A. Stricker, William G. Brumbaugh

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Crayfish (Orconectes spp.), Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea), northern hog sucker (hog sucker; Hypentelium nigricans), and smallmouth bass (smallmouth; Micropterus dolomieu) from streams in southeastern Missouri (USA) were analyzed for total mercury (HgT) and for stable isotopes of carbon (δ¹³C), nitrogen (δ¹⁵N),and sulfur (δ³⁴S) to discern Hg transfer pathways. HgT concentrations were generally lowest in crayfish (0.005–0.112µg/g dw) and highest in smallmouth (0.093–4.041 mg/gdw), as was δ¹⁵N. HgT was also lower and δ¹⁵N was higher in all biota from a stream draining a more heavily populated …

The Impact Of Infectious Disease On Chronic Disease: A Review Of Contemporary Findings, Wendy Bjerke

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

Infectious diseases are among the top causes of death in adults and children. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer are among the top causes of death in adults. Associations between bacterial and viral infectious agents and subsequent development of chronic disease have been made in the past but are currently being reexamined with more rigor and specificity. This review examines infectious disease agent causes and associations with cancer, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, and neurodegenerative disease. These associations will impact future research, surveillance, treatment, and prevention of both infectious and chronic diseases.

Nova Southeastern University 2011 Annual Report, Nova Southeastern University

NSU Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Medical Encounter Characteristics Of Hiv Seroconverters In The Us Army And Air Force, 2000–2004, Shilpa Hakre, David Brett-Major, Darrell E. Singer, Robert J. O'Connell, Warren B. Sateren, Jose L. Sanchez, Brian K. Agan, Nelson L. Michael, Paul T. Scott

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Active duty US Army and Air Force military personnel undergo mandatory biennial HIV antibody screening. We compared pre- and post-HIV seroconversion health status by conducting a case-control study, which evaluated all medical encounters and sociodemographic factors among incident HIV seroconverters and HIV-negative controls from June 2000 through February 2004.

RESULTS: A total of 274 HIV seroconverters and 6205 HIV-negative personnel were included. In multivariate analysis restricted to male personnel (cases = 261, controls = 5801), single marital status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 14.37), clinical indicators or symptoms within four years of HIV diagnosis (AOR = 6.22), …

Hss Departmental Developments Winter 2011, Department Of Health And Sport Sciences

Health and Sport Sciences Newsletter

• Out and About in the Community
• Annual HSS Recognition Night
• Updates from the Majors

A Preliminary Study Of The Effects Of Glucosamine Sulphate And Chondroitin Sulphate On Surgically Treated And Untreated Focal Cartilage Damage, Tunku Kamarul, S. Abdul Rahim, M. Tumin, L. Selvaratnam, T.S. Ahmad

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The effects of Glucosamine Sulphate (GS) and Chondroitin Sulphate (CS) on the healing of damaged and repaired articular cartilage were investigated. This study was conducted using 18 New Zealand white rabbits as experimental models. Focal cartilage defects, surgically created in the medial femoral condyle, were either treated by means of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) or left untreated as controls. Rabbits were then divided into groups which received either GS+/-CS or no pharmacotherapy. Three rabbits from each group were sacrificed at 12 and 24 weeks post-surgery. Knees dissected from rabbits were then evaluated using gross quantification of repair tissue, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) …

Association Of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 And Tissue Plasminogen Activator With Type 2 Diabetes And Metabolic Syndrome In Malaysian Subjects, Z. Al-Hamodi, I.S. Ismail, R. Saif-Ali, K.A. Ahmed, S. Muniandy

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Background: Increased plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity and decreased tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) activity could be considered a true component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and fibrinolytic abnormalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of tPA and its inhibitor PAI-1 with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and MetS and interrelationship between PAI-1 and tPA activities and antigens in Malaysian T2D and normal subjects. Methods: The plasma activities and antigens of PAI-1 and tPA and the levels of the tPA/PAI-1 complex as well as serum insulin, parameter …

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Device: Measurement Of Bioelectrical Tissue Conductivity In Dengue Patients, H. Abdul Rahim, M.N. Taib, F. Ibrahim, Z. Abdul Rahim

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

This paper describes and introduces a new approach to monitor dengue hemorrhagic fever using BIA technique. This technique is an in vivo technique where an approximately a small average constant current of 460 μA at single frequency, 50 kHz is applied through human body, and measure the body's resistance and reactance to that current via four-surface electrode. These measurements are combined with the patient data (i.e. age, sex, height and weight) to estimate mass and water compartments. The dengue's clinical studies in correlation with the BIA measurement have been conducted on 119 male and 91 female who are the DHF …

Changes In The Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 And C-Reactive Protein Following Administration Of Aqueous Extract Of Piper Sarmentosum On Experimental Rabbits Fed With Cholesterol Diet, A.A. Amran, Z. Zakaria, Faizah Othman, S. Das, Hesham Mahyoub Al-Mekhlafi, N. Nordin

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Background: Inflammation process plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Piper sarmentosum (P.s) on inflammatory markers like vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods: Forty two male New Zealand white rabbits were divided equally into seven groups; (i) C-control group fed normal rabbit chow (ii) CH-cholesterol diet (1 cholesterol) (iii) X1-1 cholesterol with water extract of P.s (62.5 mg/kg) (iv) X2-1 cholesterol with water extract of P.s (125 mg/kg …

Clustering Of Metabolic Syndrome Factors In Malaysian Population: Asian Criteria Revisited, Y.N. Azwany, W.M.W. Bebakar, M. Kamarul Imran, A. Al-Safi, N.A. Kamaruddin, N. Mustafa, O. Ali, S.H.M. Isa, W.M. Wan Nazaimoon, I.S. Ismail

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) had been known as clustering of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Over the years, clinical criteria had been revised to highlight importance of various risk factors in defining MetS. Studies had reported different clustering of factors based on different population characteristics. Objective: Our study aimed to identify the clustering factors among our Malaysian population based on sexes and 4 major ethnic groups namely Malay, Chinese, Indian and other minor ethnic Methods: A national cross sectional study was done covering both Peninsular and East Malaysia. Subjectsâ�� sociodemographic, body mass index (BMI), waist, hip and neck …

Effect Of Elemental Sulfur Application On Ammonia Volatilization From Surface Applied Urea Fertilizer To Calcareous Sandy Soils, A.A. Soaud, M.E. Saleh, K.A. El-Tarabily, Mohd Sofian-Azirun, M.M. Rahman

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Widespread acceptance of urea was delayed in part due to its greater potential for nitrogen (N) loss via ammonia volatilization. Elemental sulfur (S(0)) at rates of 0, 1, 5 and 10 t ha(-1) combined with or without urea and inoculation of Paracoccus versutus (Pv) were tested to determine NH(3)-N volatilization from urea in sandy calcareous soils of Masafi-1 and Masafi-2. Daily NH(3)-N loss was measured up to 29 days after surface urea application in both soils using the closed dynamic airflow system. Total NH(3)-N volatilizations from urea-treated soils were 22.15 to 29.74 of applied N in Masafi -1 and Masafi …

Effects Of Elemental Sulfur, Phosphorus, Micronutrients And Paracoccus Versutus On Nutrient Availability Of Calcareous Soils, A.A. Soaud, F.H. Al Darwish, M.E. Saleh, K.A. El-Tarabily, Mohd Sofian-Azirun, M.M. Rahman

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

This study was carried out in the laboratory to investigate the effects of elemental sulfur (S-0), Paracoccus versutus (Pv), phosphorus (P) and micronutrients (DTPA extractable Fe+Mn+Zn) both singly and combined on nutrient availability of calcareous soils. Soils were collected from Al Semaih, Al Dhahrah and Melaiha in United Arab Emirates (UAE) and all soils were incubated at 40 +/- 2(0)C for 32, 64, 96 and 128 days. Soil pH dropped and S concentration increased significantly with the addition of S-0 alone or in combination with Pv, P and micronutrients in all types of soils. Elemental S application considerably increased the …

Epidemiology Of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiases In Malaysia, A. Ahmed, H.M. Al-Mekhlafi, Johari Surin

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

We reviewed the epidemiology of STH in Malaysia from the 1970s to 2009. High prevalence rates persist among the rural Aborigines, estate workers and in urban slums and squatter areas. Trichuris trichiura is the most prevalent helminth in Malaysia ranging from 2.1 to 98.2. Ascaris lumbricoides follows closely with a prevalence rate of 4.6-86.7, while hookworm is the least prevalent (0-37.0). A countrywide control program with special emphasis on school-based intervention is highly recommended among aboriginal people.

Forage Quality Of Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica) Cultivars At Different Phenological Stages In Karaj Region, Iran, S. Mohajer, M.V. Dastenai, R.M. Taha

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The determination of forage quality is one of the most important factors essential to appropriate field management. The most important factor, effective on forage quality, is the growth stage; by studying on phenological stages of the forage, suitable grazing time can be determined. Since different cultivars of forage crops have different feed qualities at each of their growth stages, for the purpose of investigation of genetic diversity of forage yields and their quantitative characters, we studied three foxtail millet cultivars, KFM1, KFM6 and KFM9, at three phenological stages including vegetative growth stage, flowering stage and seeding stage by use of …

High Prevalence Of Vitamin D Insufficiency And Its Association With Obesity And Metabolic Syndrome Among Malay Adults In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Foong Ming Moy, Awang Bulgiba

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Background: Vitamin D status, as indicated by 25-hydroxyvitamin D is inversely associated with adiposity, glucose homeostasis, lipid profiles, and blood pressure along with its classic role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. It is also shown to be inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases in western populations. However, evidence from the Asian population is limited. Therefore, we aim to study the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (< 50 nmol/L) and the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with metabolic risk factors among an existing Malay cohort in Kuala Lumpur. Methods: This is an analytical cross sectional study. A total of 380 subjects were sampled and their vitamins D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D), fasting blood glucose, full lipid profile were assessed using venous blood. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, height and waist circumference were measured following standard protocols. Socio-demographic data such as sex, age, smoking status etc were also collected. Data was analysed using t-test, chi-square test, General Linear Model and multiple logistic regression. Results: Females made up 58 of the sample. The mean age of respondents was 48.5 (SD 5.2) years. Females had significantly lower mean Vitamin D levels (36.2; 95 CI: 34.5, 38.0 nmol/L) compared to males (56.2; 95 CI: 53.2, 59.2 nmol/L). Approximately 41 and 87 of males and females respectively had insufficient (< 50 nmol/L) levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (p < 0.001). The prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome for the whole sample was 38.4 (95 CI: 33.5, 43.3). In the multivariate model (adjusted for age, sex, abdominal obesity, HDL-cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure), insufficient Vitamin D status was significantly associated with 1-year age increments (OR: 0.93; 95 CI: 0.88, 0.98), being female (OR: 8.68; 95 CI: 5.08, 14.83) and abdominal obesity (OR: 2.57; 95 CI: 1.51, 4.39). Respondents with insufficient vitamin D were found to have higher odds of having Metabolic Syndrome (OR: 1.73; 95 CI: 1.02, 2.92) after adjusting for age and sex. Conclusions: Our results highlight the high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency among Malay adults in Kuala Lumpur. Vitamin D insufficiency is independently associated with younger age, female sex and greater abdominal obesity. Vitamin D insufficiency is also associated with Metabolic Syndrome.

Influence Of Anthropometric Measures And Socio-Demographic Factors On Menstrual Pain And Irregular Menstrual Cycles Among University Students In Bangladesh, M.G. Hossain, M. Sabiruzzaman, S. Islam, R.Z. Hisyam, P.E. Lestrel, Tunku Kamarul

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Menstrual disturbances generally affect the daily activities of young females. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of anthropometric measures and sociodemographic factors on menstrual disturbances among university students in Bangladesh. Data were collected from 995 students from Rajshahi University using a stratified sampling technique between July 2004 and May 2005. Factors influencing menstrual pain and irregular menstrual cycles were examined with multiple logistic regression analysis. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was also used to determine the most influential factors affecting menstrual disturbances. The prevalence of menstrual pain among the university students studied was very high (72.3), while …