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2011

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Asset Effects For Children With Disabilities: Analysis Of Educational And Health Outcomes, Jin Huang Jan 2011

Asset Effects For Children With Disabilities: Analysis Of Educational And Health Outcomes, Jin Huang

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

In the last two decades, asset-based social policies, which encourage families, especially low-income families, to accumulate assets by providing appropriate institutional settings, have received increasing attention from policymakers and researchers. Various programs and strategies have been outlined to improve saving and asset ownership opportunities in disadvantaged populations. Although there are multiple proposals of asset-based programs for children with disabilities, few of them have been implemented. To better inform asset-based policy practices for children with disabilities, this study examines asset effects for this population using the secondary survey data. Asset effects refer to the hypothesized positive influences of household assets on …

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The Effects Of Visuospatial Sequence Training With Children Who Are Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing, Michelle Gremp Jan 2011

The Effects Of Visuospatial Sequence Training With Children Who Are Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing, Michelle Gremp

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Abstract Despite advances in hearing aid and cochlear implant technologies, many children who are deaf or hard of hearing continue to lag behind typically hearing peers in language and reading abilities. Additionally, there is a high degree of variability in language outcomes among children with a hearing loss. Evidence indicates that auditory input provides a foundation not only for speech and language development but for cognitive functions such as sequence memory and learning ability. This study investigated a variety of cognitive functions with two major aims in mind: 1) to verify differences between children who are deaf or hard of …

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Identification Of Genetic And Epigenetic Risk Factors For Psoriasis And Psoratic Arthritis, Ying Liu Jan 2011

Identification Of Genetic And Epigenetic Risk Factors For Psoriasis And Psoratic Arthritis, Ying Liu

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Psoriasis: PS) is a common incurable inflammatory skin disease affecting 2-3% of the European population. ~10-30% of patients develop psoriatic arthritis: PsA). Genetic variation in the major histocompatibility complex: MHC) increases risk of developing PS. However, only ~10% of individuals with this risk factor develop PS, indicating that other genetic effects and environmental triggers are important. In order to identify novel susceptibility genes of PS and PsA, I performed the first large scale genome wide association scan for psoriasis susceptibility loci using 233 cases and 519 controls. It revealed that genes of the immune system and of the barrier are …

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The Functions Of Autophagy Genes In Lymphocytes And Osteoclasts, Brian Miller Jan 2011

The Functions Of Autophagy Genes In Lymphocytes And Osteoclasts, Brian Miller

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Macroautophagy: herein autophagy) is a process by which cells degrade long-lived proteins and organelles. The autophagy pathway and autophagy genes have been implicated in many functions in the cell such as protecting against metabolic stress, degrading damaged organelles, and regulating vesicular trafficking. To study the role of autophagy in primary cells with important physiologic functions, we generated mice lacking essential autophagy genes in B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and osteoclasts. We found that the essential autophagy gene Atg5 was important for B cell development and for the maintenance of B-1a B cell numbers but not peripheral B-2 B cell numbers. In …

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Asymmetry Dependence Of Correlations In Exotic Nuclei, Rebecca Shane Jan 2011

Asymmetry Dependence Of Correlations In Exotic Nuclei, Rebecca Shane

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This work will discuss two experiments which seek to elucidate the asymmetry dependence of correlations in exotic nuclei. In the first experiment, a digital-signal-processing technique was developed to measure the neutron total cross section of the rare: but stable) isotope 48Ca using a sample that is an order of magnitude smaller than would be required for the conventional technique. The isotopic and energy dependence of neutron total cross sections: e.g. the difference in neutron total cross section between symmetric 40Ca and neutron-rich 48Ca, as a function of energy) is sensitive to the asymmetry dependence of the surface imaginary potential in …

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Skeletal Muscle Impairments In People With Diabetes And Peripheral Neuropathy, Lori Tuttle Jan 2011

Skeletal Muscle Impairments In People With Diabetes And Peripheral Neuropathy, Lori Tuttle

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Abstract of the Dissertation Skeletal Muscle Impairments in People with Diabetes and Peripheral Neuropathy by Lori Jeanne Tuttle Doctor of Philosophy in Movement Science Washington University in St. Louis, 2011 Dr. Michael J. Mueller, Chairperson Diabetes mellitus: DM) is a chronic disease that affects almost 24 million people and has large socioeconomic costs. Of these 24 million people, 60-70 % will develop some form of nervous system impairment, including peripheral neuropathy: PN). It is important to understand muscle structure and impairments in people with DM+PN in order to determine appropriate interventions to limit the disability that is associated with DM+PN. …

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Methyl Halide Cluster Anion Photoelectron Spectra And Angular Distributions As A Probe Of Electron-Molecule Interactions, Matthew Van Duzor Jan 2011

Methyl Halide Cluster Anion Photoelectron Spectra And Angular Distributions As A Probe Of Electron-Molecule Interactions, Matthew Van Duzor

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This dissertation describes the development of a method for studying electron &ndash molecule interactions using cluster anion photodetachment. Photodetachment from an atomic centered cluster anion produces a free electron and a residual neutral species at a geometry near that of the unperturbed neutral ground state. Evidence of the free electron &ndash molecule interactions, manifested in the photoelectron spectra and angular distributions, are elucidated through comparison to photodetachment data from the unsolvated atomic anion in question. Results are presented from number of monosolvated anion studies, including I&minus· CH3I, I&minus· CH3Br, I&minus· CH3Cl and Cl&minus· CH …

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Han'gul For The Nation, The Nation For Han'gul: The Korean Language Movement, 1894-1945, Daniel Pieper Jan 2011

Han'gul For The Nation, The Nation For Han'gul: The Korean Language Movement, 1894-1945, Daniel Pieper

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No abstract provided.

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The Relation Between Complex Associative Learning And Fluid Intelligence: Is The Fan Effect Responsible?, Lindsey Davies Jan 2011

The Relation Between Complex Associative Learning And Fluid Intelligence: Is The Fan Effect Responsible?, Lindsey Davies

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No abstract provided.

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Past Tense Route Priming, Emily Cohen-Shikora Jan 2011

Past Tense Route Priming, Emily Cohen-Shikora

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The current study examined whether lexical: whole word) or more rule-based: morphological constituent) processes can be locally biased by experimental list context in past tense verb inflection in younger and older adults. During each trial, participants produced the past tense verb from a present tense verb. List context was manipulated across blocks such that context trials consisted of either regular past tense verbs: e.g., LIVE-LIVED) or irregular past tense verbs: e.g., RUN-RAN). Half of the targets within each list context were regular and half were irregular verbs. In the regular context, there was a very robust regularity effect: regular targets …

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Simplifying The Non-Manifold Topology Of Multi-Partitioning Surface Networks, Trung Nguyen Jan 2011

Simplifying The Non-Manifold Topology Of Multi-Partitioning Surface Networks, Trung Nguyen

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In bio-medical imaging, multi-partitioning surface networks: MPSNs) are very useful to model complex organs with multiple anatomical regions, such as a mouse brain. However, MPSNs are usually constructed from image data and might contain complex geometric and topological features. There has been much research on reducing the geometric complexity of a general surface: non-manifold or not) and the topological complexity of a closed, manifold surface. But there has been no attempt so far to reduce redundant topological features which are unique to non-manifold surfaces, such as curves and points where multiple sheets of surfaces join. In this thesis, we design …

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Covert Retrieval Practice Benefits Retention As Much As Overt Retrieval Practice, Megan Smith Jan 2011

Covert Retrieval Practice Benefits Retention As Much As Overt Retrieval Practice, Megan Smith

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No abstract provided.

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Nonuniform Power Changes And Spatial, Temporal And Spectral Diversity In High Gamma Band (>60 Hz) Signals In Human Electrocorticography, Charles Gaona Jan 2011

Nonuniform Power Changes And Spatial, Temporal And Spectral Diversity In High Gamma Band (>60 Hz) Signals In Human Electrocorticography, Charles Gaona

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High-gamma band: >60Hz) power changes in cortical electrophysiology are a reliable indicator of focal, event-related cortical activity. In spite of discoveries of oscillatory subthreshold and synchronous suprathreshold activity at the cellular level, there is an increasingly popular view that high-gamma band amplitude changes recorded from cellular ensembles are the result of asynchronous firing activity that yields wideband and uniform power increases. Others have demonstrated independence of power changes in the low- and high-gamma bands, but to date, no studies have shown evidence of any such independence above 60Hz. Based on non-uniformities in time-frequency analyses of electrocorticographic: ECoG) signals, we hypothesized …

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National History And The Novel In 1930s Britain, Erica Delsandro Jan 2011

National History And The Novel In 1930s Britain, Erica Delsandro

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Although indebted to scholars whose work has illuminated the distinctiveness of 1930s Britain, "National History and the Novel in 1930s Britain" argues that rather than seeking distinction, writers of the period were more concerned with the task of contextualizing their decade and their own position within a national historiography from which they felt the Great War and military masculinities had excluded them. Focusing on the novelists Christopher Isherwood, Evelyn Waugh, and Virginia Woolf, and the philosopher of history, R. G. Collingwood, I describe how the 1930s inheritors of British cultural privilege found themselves symbolically disenfranchised from a national identity inextricably …

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The Advancement Of Mass Spectrometry-Based Hydroxyl Radical Protein Footprinting: Application Of Novel Analysis Methods To Model Proteins And Apolipoprotein E, Brian Gau Jan 2011

The Advancement Of Mass Spectrometry-Based Hydroxyl Radical Protein Footprinting: Application Of Novel Analysis Methods To Model Proteins And Apolipoprotein E, Brian Gau

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Fast photochemical oxidation of proteins: FPOP) has shown great promise in the elucidation of the regions of a protein's structure that are changed upon interaction with other macromolecules, ligands, or by folding. The advantage of this protein footprinting method is that it utilizes the reactivity of hydroxyl radicals to stably modify solvent accessible residues non-specifically in a microsecond. The extent of *OH labeling at sites assays their solvent accessibility. We have corroborated the predicted profoundly short timescale of labeling empirically, by FPOP-labeling three oxidation-sensitive proteins and examining their global FPOP product outcomes. The novel test developed to validate conformational invariance …

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Age Differences In Proactive Facilitation And Interference: The Role Of Remindings, Chris Wahlheim Jan 2011

Age Differences In Proactive Facilitation And Interference: The Role Of Remindings, Chris Wahlheim

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

A common finding is that specific types of memory performance decline as a function of age. Among the situations that produce these differences are those in which proactive interference: PI) occurs. PI refers to impaired memory for new information as a result of previous learning of competing information. However, research has shown that PI situations can sometimes be facilitative to memory performance for both young and older adults when information is integrated effectively. One potential integration mechanism is the retrieval of earlier competing information during study of new information. Such instances have been referred to as "remindings", and they serve …

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A Graph-Based Algorithm To Determine Protein Structure From Cryo-Em Data, Stephen Schuh Jan 2011

A Graph-Based Algorithm To Determine Protein Structure From Cryo-Em Data, Stephen Schuh

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Cryo-electron microscopy: cryo-EM) provides 3D density maps of proteins, but these maps do not have sufficiently high resolution to directly yield atomic-scale models. Previous work has shown that features known as secondary structures can be located in these density maps. A second source of information about proteins is sequence analysis, which predicts locations of secondary structures along the protein sequence but does not provide any information about the 3D shape of the protein. This thesis presents a graph-based algorithm to find the correspondence between the secondary structures in the density map and sequence. This provides an ordering of secondary structures …

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Cultural Transmission In The Age Of Modernism: Mentorship In The Novel, 1890--1960, Dalia Oppenheimer Jan 2011

Cultural Transmission In The Age Of Modernism: Mentorship In The Novel, 1890--1960, Dalia Oppenheimer

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Cultural Transmission in the Age of Modernism: Mentorship in the Novel, 1890-1960 considers how education reform impacted modernist questions about the transmissibility of culture. Beginning with the institutionalization of universal education in the late nineteenth century and ending with the nationalization of education in the immediately postwar period, this dissertation considers specifically the relationship between educational policy and the possibility of institutional cultural transmission. Focusing on the novelists Thomas Hardy, E.M. Forster, Virginia Woolf, and Muriel Spark, I suggest that modernist-era writers were concerned as to whether or not Oxbridge could: or should) preserve and transmit the version of liberal-humane …

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Social Anxiety And Gaze Aversion: Manipulating Eye Contact In A Social Interaction, Julia Langer Jan 2011

Social Anxiety And Gaze Aversion: Manipulating Eye Contact In A Social Interaction, Julia Langer

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No abstract provided.

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Lean To, Allan Popa Jan 2011

Lean To, Allan Popa

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A collection of poems.

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Interactions Between Bmp And Canonical Wnt Signaling Regulate Critical Stages Of The Osteoblast Lifecycle, Valerie Salazar Jan 2011

Interactions Between Bmp And Canonical Wnt Signaling Regulate Critical Stages Of The Osteoblast Lifecycle, Valerie Salazar

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Skeletal development and post-natal bone homeostasis are dependent on the coordinated activity of bone-forming cells called osteoblasts and bone-resorbing cells called osteoclasts. Over 10 million people in the US currently suffer from osteoporosis, which increases the risk of low-trauma fractures and accounts for health care expenditures exceeding $14 billion per year. Osteoporosis is often treated with anti-resorptive compounds, primarily bisphosphonates, which inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone destruction. However, these drugs do not restore bone mass, which can only be accomplished by activation new bone formation, as with intermittent parathyroid hormone therapy. The development of additional bone "anabolic" therapies will require genetic and …

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Specific Roles Of Macaque Parietal Regions In Making Saccades And Reaches, Eric Yttri Jan 2011

Specific Roles Of Macaque Parietal Regions In Making Saccades And Reaches, Eric Yttri

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

A principle task of our brain is to guide movements, includng saccade: fast eye movements) and reaches towards things that we see. Regions in the parietal cortex such as LIP and PRR are active during visually-guided movements. Neurons in these areas respond differentially for saccades versus reaches, but in most parietal areas there is some response: in single unit recording as well as in fMRI imaging) with either type of movement. This raises an important question. What is the functional significance of the neuronal activity in parietal areas? Recording and imaging studies can only show correlations; causal roles must be …

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Aerosol Route Synthesis And Applications Of Doped Nanostructured Materials, Manoranjan Sahu Jan 2011

Aerosol Route Synthesis And Applications Of Doped Nanostructured Materials, Manoranjan Sahu

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Nanotechnology presents an attractive opportunity to address various challenges in air and water purification, energy, and other environment issues. Thus, the development of new nanoscale materials in low-cost scalable synthesis processes is important. Furthermore, the ability to independently manipulate the material properties as well as characterize the material at different steps along the synthesis route will aide in product optimization. In addition, to ensure safe and sustainable development of nanotechnology applications, potential impacts need to be evaluated. In this study, nanomaterial synthesis in a single-step gas phase reactor to continuously produce doped metal oxides was demonstrated. Copper-doped TiO2 nanomaterial properties: …

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And Others: Pursuit Of Individuality In Minority Creative Expression 1984 - Present, Michelle Thomas Jan 2011

And Others: Pursuit Of Individuality In Minority Creative Expression 1984 - Present, Michelle Thomas

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No abstract provided.

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Wifredo Lam: Negotiating Transcultural Modernism And Artistic Identity In Europe, The Caribbean, And The United States, Maria Fierro Jan 2011

Wifredo Lam: Negotiating Transcultural Modernism And Artistic Identity In Europe, The Caribbean, And The United States, Maria Fierro

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No abstract provided.

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Increasing Energy Efficiency Of Hvac Systems In Buildings Using Phase Change Material, Jared Daiber Jan 2011

Increasing Energy Efficiency Of Hvac Systems In Buildings Using Phase Change Material, Jared Daiber

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No abstract provided.

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Children's And Parents' Depression In Relation To Family-Based Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment Outcome, Rachel Kolko Jan 2011

Children's And Parents' Depression In Relation To Family-Based Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment Outcome, Rachel Kolko

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Baseline parent-report of child depression and parent self-reported depression have been found to predict childrenΓÇÖs outcome in family-based behavioral weight loss treatment: FBT), although less is known about how child self-reported depression, changes in depression over time, and depression assessed via multiple informants is associated with FBT outcome. Two hundred and forty-one overweight children and their parents entered FBT, and 178 completed the pre- and post-FBT assessments. Depression was assessed via child and parent self-report, and parent-report on child. Linear regression examined child and parent depression: both baseline and change from baseline to post-FBT) as predictors of child FBT outcome: …

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A Hybrid Theory Of Global Justice, Jill Delston Jan 2011

A Hybrid Theory Of Global Justice, Jill Delston

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Although we have obligations to address global problems at a political level, we disagree on the source, justification, and content of these norms. For example, what kinds of obligations exist across national borders and why? What international actions are right and wrong? Who is required to perform these actions? When it is it permissible to use coercion at the global level? In my dissertation, I develop an original theory of global justice that can answer these questions and I show how my theory applies to current problems. I start by articulating why we need a theory of international justice and …

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Predictive Alternatives In Bayesian Model Selection, Andrew Womack Jan 2011

Predictive Alternatives In Bayesian Model Selection, Andrew Womack

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Model comparison and hypothesis testing is an integral part of all data analyses. In this thesis, I present two new families of information criteria that can be used to perform model comparison. In Chapter 1, I review the necessary background to motivate the thesis. Of particular interest is the role of priors for estimation and model comparison as well as the role that information theory can play in the latter. As we will see, many existing forms of model comparison can be viewed in an information theoretic manner, which motivates defining new families of criteria. In Chapter 2, I present …

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Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of Information, Yu Zheng Jan 2011

Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of Information, Yu Zheng

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This is a collection of essays on the macroeconomics of information. The first chapter, "The Skill Premium, College Enrollment and Education Signals" explores the quantitative implications of a signaling model of education for the evolution of the skill premium for young workers in the US since the 1970s. I formalize the idea that as college education becomes more affordable for a larger fraction of population, not having a college degree becomes a more precise signal about low ability, increasing the college wage premium. The model, when calibrated, suggests that about 17 percent of the growth in college premium is produced …

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