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Investigations Of Wave-Induced Turbulent Structures In Vegetated Flows, Agnimitro Chakrabarti

LSU Master's Theses

The role of coastal vegetation in mitigating shoreline erosion by damping of incoming waves and the resultant effect on sediment transport is a critical area of coastal management research. However our understanding of the underlying hydrodynamic processes is limited. Laboratory flume experiments were conducted where a naturally grown emergent vegetation channel and a vegetation-less sand channel were exposed to regular waves. Wave height data was collected using wave gauges located at various points along the channel in the direction of oncoming waves. Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters (ADVs) placed at various depths in the water column measured wave orbital velocity signatures. This …

Expression Of Β-(1,3-1,4)-Glucanase Gene Of Orpinomyces Sp. Gmlf18 In Escherichia Coli Ec1000 And Lactococcus Lactis Subsp. Cremoris Mg1363, Uğur Çömlekci̇oğlu, Emi̇n Özköse, İsmai̇l Akyol, Feri̇t Can Yazdiç, Mehmet Sai̇t Eki̇nci̇

Turkish Journal of Biology

A gene encoding \beta-(1,3-1,4)-glucanase (licA) was amplified from Orpinomyces sp. GMLF18 and expressed in Escherichia coli. The DNA sequence of licA showed that the gene was 707 bp and encoded a protein with a molecular mass of 26 kDa that belongs to family glycosyl hydrolase 16. The main LicA activity was observed to be cell-associated for the licA containing transformant E. coli, and the enzyme expressed in E. coli showed the highest activity at pH 5.0-6.0 and at temperatures of 40-50 °C. The enzyme was found to be stable at 40 °C; however, 12% of LicA activity was lost at …

Increased Production Of Coleoptera-Specific Delta-Endotoxin By Homologous Expression Of Cry3aa11 In Bacillus Thuringiensis Mm2, Aslihan Kurt, Gülay Özcengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Biology

The cry3Aa11 gene of Bacillus thuringiensis strain Mm2 (B. thuringiensis Mm2) was PCR-amplified and cloned into E. coli/B. thuringiensis shuttle vector pHT315. The recombinant plasmid carrying the cry3Aa11 gene was introduced into the parental B. thuringiensis Mm2. The toxin production capacities of parental and recombinant strains grown in DSM, containing either 50 mM or 200 mM inorganic phosphate (Pi), were compared by SDS-PAGE and western blot analyses. In comparison to the parental strain, recombinant B. thuringiensis Mm2 produced 4-fold more Cry3Aa11 toxin after 12 h of growth in the presence of 50 mM Pi. However, the 200 mM Pi concentration …

Phosphate Solubility And Biocontrol Activity Of Trichoderma Harzianum, Padmavathi Tallapragada, Madhumathi Gudimi

Turkish Journal of Biology

Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens is a possible alternative to the use of chemical pesticides, which are harmful to the environment. Under greenhouse and field conditions, several isolated strains of the fungus Trichoderma have been found to be effective biocontrol agents of various soilborne plant pathogenic fungi. The use of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) has a considerable synergistic effect on the growth and development of crop plants. In the present study, T. harzianum was isolated from 10 different agro-climatic zones of Karnataka and tested for the potential of antagonistic activity against the plant pathogen Xanthomonas and the ability of …

Preliminary Studies On Antiinflammatory, Antipyretic, And Antidiarrhoeal Properties Of Evolvulus Alsinoides, U.M.Dhana Lekshmi, P.Neelakanta Reddy

Turkish Journal of Biology

The ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Evolvulus alsinoides L. (Convolvulaceae) was investigated for antiinflammatory, antipyretic and antidiarrhoeal properties in female albino rats. Preliminary phytochemical studies were carried out to confirm the presence of active chemical constituents in the plant extract, and the result showed a positive report for the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides. The pharmacological result showed that the ethanolic extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight and 500 mg/kg body weight caused a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema and a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of hyperpyrexia induced by Brewer's yeast in rats. The extract also elicited marked antidiarrhoeal activity against castor oil-induced diarrhoea at a dose of 500 mg/kg. This study has proved scientifically the ancient claim that the whole plant of Evolvulus alsinoides has antiinflammatory, antipyretic and antidiarrhoeal activities.

Biochemical Factors Involved In The Resistance Of Some Smoked Tropical Fish Samples To Insect Attack, Akinola John Akintola, Oluwatoyin Lawal

Turkish Journal of Biology

The role of mineral elements (ppm), protein and oil content (%), and saponification and free fatty acid values in contributing to resistance against insect infestation was investigated in 4 fish species: Clarias gariepinus, Parachuma obscura, Hydrocynus sp., and Malapterus electricus. Smoked fish samples were purchased from a local market in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, packaged, and maintained at 4 ^°C for 7 days. They were later brought out to acclimatise, and then observed for 4 months for possible natural insect infestation. Next, crushed samples of each species were analysed using conventional chemical analysis in order to assess the role of …

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Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

Possible Seasonal Variation Of The Fatty Acid Composition From Melanopsis Praemorsa (L., 1758) (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia), From Southeast Anatolia, Turkey, İhsan Eki̇n, Mehmet Başhan, Ridvan Şeşen

Turkish Journal of Biology

Possible seasonal variations of the fatty acid composition (neutral lipid, phospholipid, and total lipid content) of the freshwater snail Melanopsis praemorsa were investigated over the course of a year. Snail body lipids were fractionated by thin layer chromatography. Fatty acid composition of total body lipid, phospholipid, and neutral lipid of whole snail and total lipid of their algal food were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The most abundant fatty acids were C16:0, C18:0, C16:1\omega7, C18:1\omega9, C18:2\omega6, and C18:3\omega3 acids in the lipid analyses of the snail and in its food. Odd-numbered fatty acids and C20 polyunsaturated …

Evaluation Of Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, And Antioxidant Potentials Of Some Edible Oils And Their Fatty Acid Profiles, İlkay Erdoğan Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Bi̇lge Şener

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the current study, the oils obtained from the nuts of Corylus avellana L. (hazelnut), Arachis hypogea L. (peanut, groundnut), Pinus pinea L. (umbrella nut), and Juglans regia L. (walnut) were tested for their antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and antimicrobial activity against the standard and isolated strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis as well as the fungi Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis by microdilution method, in which inhibition was expressed as minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs). Moreover, antiviral activity of the oils was determined using Herpes simplex (HSV) …

Anti-Microbial Self-Assembling "Click" Monolayers Utilizing Silver Nanoparticles For Indwelling Medical Devices, Emily Ann Hodges

LSU Master's Theses

The objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize antimicrobial, silver nanoparticles based self-assembling monolayer coatings, for use on chronic indwelling medical devices. The coatings are comprised of novel biomass mediated silver nano particles (SNP) that are biocompatible, highly concentrated, highly pure, cost-effective, polydispersed and compatible for use with existing chronic indwelling medical devices. The HPC SNPs were functionalized with an azide functional group and covalently bound to titanium substrates via ¨Dclick¡¬ chemistry.

Social Life And Ancient Andean Public Landscapes: Actions And Performances As Seen Through The Use Of A 1st Millennium Bce Plaza At Caylán, Peru, Matthew Ryan Helmer

LSU Master's Theses

This thesis examines ancient Andean performances from the early urban site of Caylán (800-10 cal. BCE) on the North-Central coast of Peru, Ancash. Spaces utilized for public events such as feasting, spectacles, and rituals have been a rich source of data for anthropologists looking to understand dynamics of community, power, and ideology. These spaces are also undervalued in terms of their potential multivocal qualities. During the Formative Period (1600-100 BCE), sunken plazas were the focus of a vast array of public activities and performances in ancient Peru. This thesis focuses on Formative Period public spaces as theaters of heightened interactions, …

Animal Scavengers As Agents Of Decomposition: The Postmortem Succession Of Louisiana Wildlife, Audra Leigh Jones

LSU Master's Theses

Four adult pig carcasses were placed within a wildlife center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in order to determine what conditions animals utilize carrion and which animal species engage in scavenging. The cadavers were deposited without any protective covering and wildlife cameras were placed around the pigs in order to document animal scavenging. In two cases cameras showed that coyotes were the initial animal scavengers followed by opossums. In another case coyotes were inferred to have scavenged the pig due to discovering a similar pattern of disarticulation as compared to the previous two scenes. In the third case turkey vultures skeletonized …

Antarctic Plant And Phytoplankton Response To The First Phase Of The Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum At South Mcmurdo Sound, Lee Foersterling

LSU Master's Theses

The Antarctic Drilling Program (ANDRILL) recovered 1138.54 m of sub-seafloor marine sediments with 98% core recovery at the AND2-2A drill site in South McMurdo Sound. Biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and isotopic dating (Acton et al., 2008) indicated that an Early to Middle Miocene section (223-1138.54 mbsf) was recovered. This study focuses on an interval with high concentrations of palynomorphs, located between 460.57 and 403.48 mbsf and dated to 16.7 Ma to 16.2 Ma according to the updated Acton et al. (2008) ANDRILL SMS age model. Palynological results show a pronounced increase in organic microfossils between 434.01 and 431.91 mbsf, compared to levels …

The Effects Of Myd88 Inhibition On Bovine Lung Endothelial And Epithelial Cell Cytokine Expression, Cassandra Kay Hayne

Honors Program Theses

Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) has major economical implications on the beef industry due to the severe health problems it produces in calves. Although several organisms are associated with it, Mannheimia haemolytica induces the severest amount of damage to the lungs. It has previously been demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produced by this bacterium causes significant permeability increases and cell apoptosis in bovine lung endothelial cells (BPMEC) but not bovine lung epithelial cells (TBPE). The purpose was to determine whether the main signaling pathway for cells that respond to LPS signaling, the Myeloid Differentiation 88 Pathway (MYD88), is present and functional …

The Effects Of Hypergravity On Xenopus Embryo Growth And Cardiac Hypertrophy, Bryce Joseph Duchman

Honors Program Theses

All life on earth has developed and evolved in a 1 G environment. Therefore, any deviation below or above unit gravity will likely have an effect on the development of organisms, including the migration of cells and the dispersion of nutrients. The purpose of this research project is to analyze the effects of hypergravity on the overall body length and cardiac growth of Xenopus laevis embryos. I predict that cardiac hypertrophy will occur in embryos subjected to hypergravity because of the increased force required from the heart to adequately circulate blood and, thus, disperse nutrients. Upon reaching early gastrulation, embryos …

Molecular Characterization Of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia Coli Isolates From Irish Cattle Farms, Maria Karczmarczyk, Ciara Walsh, Rosemarie Slowey, Nola Leonard, Seamus Fanning

Articles

This study describes the genotypic characteristics of a collection of 100 multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli strains recovered from cattle and the farm environment in Ireland in 2007. The most prevalent antimicrobial resistance identified was to streptomycin (100%), followed by tetracycline (99%), sulfonamides (98%), ampicillin (82%), and neomycin (62%). Resistance was mediated predominantly by strA-strB (92%), tetA (67%), sul2 (90%), blaTEM (79%), and aphA1 (63%) gene markers, respectively. Twenty-seven isolates harbored a class 1 integrase (intI1), while qacE1 and sul1 markers were identified in 25 and 26 isolates, respectively. The variable regions of these integrons contained aminoglycoside, trimethoprim, and [1]-lactam resistance …

Effect Of Egg-Incubation Temperature On Growth And Selected Temperature Of Apalone Spinifera, The Spiny Softshell Turtle, Amy L. Klopfenstein

Honors Program Theses

In order to survive, turtle hatchlings must be able to choose optimal thermal locations that promote growth and activity through thermoregulation. In some softshell turtle species, embryonic incubation conditions may influence post-hatching phenotypic characters, such as growth rates and temperature preference. I tested the effect of egg-incubation temperature on growth and thermal preferences of Apalone spinifera hatchlings, from Butler County, Iowa. Eggincubation temperature did not affect growth of 10 juvenile Apalone spinifera (Reptilia: Testudines: Trionychidae). After 5 months, hatchlings incubated at 30°C did not differ in size from the turtles incubated at 25°C. In an aquatic thermal gradient from 14-34°C, …

Protohistoric Signatures Of Household Material Wealth: An Interhousehold Analysis Of The Bridge River Site (Eeri4), Lee Nicole Reininghaus

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Reininghaus, Lee N., M.A., May 2011 Anthropology Abstract Title: Protohistoric Signatures of Household Material Wealth: An Interhousehold Analysis of the Bridge River Site (EeRl4) Chairperson: Dr. Anna M. Prentiss This thesis is concerned with the archaeological research of the protohistoric component at the Bridge River Site (EeRl4), located in the Middle Fraser Canyon of the Canadian Plateau. The purpose of this research is to explore socioeconomic variability between households by understanding the relationships between household material wealth and house size, household demographics and household persistence through time. The approach is directed towards identifying variation in household material wealth through a …

From Crop To Cup; The Plight Of Coffee, Dana Lynn Foster

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Coffee is in demand across the globe and remains the second most valuable exported legal commodity on earth, only second to oil. The majority of North Americans have a type of ritual with their morning cup of coffee. However only an extremely modest percentage of those people are cognizant of where their coffee comes from or the processes undergone for it to reach their kitchen counters. This paper examines the role that direct trade coffee programs may play in helping to create long lasting, sustainable and mutually beneficial relationships between producers and roasters. The project accompanying the paper is the …

Multiscale Effects Of Forest Roads On Black Bears (Ursus Americanus), Benjamin S. Jimenez

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

As the vast network of roads continues to expand across the continent, so too does the necessity to understand the associated ecological effects. To appropriately assess the impacts of these roads on wildlife it is necessary to evaluate how they affect ecological processes at multiple spatial and temporal scales. In particular, where hunting is associated with road access, roads may induce heightened behavioral responses. I assessed the effects of forest roads on habitat selection and activity patterns of a population of black bears (Ursus americanus) in the Coeur d’Alene Mountains of northern Idaho, USA. This black bear population is exposed …

Pedestrian Pal: A Route Recommendation System For The Android Mobile Phone, Bradley H. Bahls

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

With mobile phone technology pervading people's everyday lives, using these devices has become prevalent for route recommendations while traveling in unfamiliar locations. Current research works to improve algorithms that calculate efficient and effective routes between two or more points. While expedient travel is necessary in time constraint situations, efficiency is not always required. This paper describes Pedestrian Pal, an application built for the Android mobile phone, which offers route recommendations to users based upon their desired specifications. The recommended routes are not necessarily efficient, but rather are paths based upon collected user ratings, aesthetic interests, and users' inputted parameters. During …

Books And Letters V.25, No. 1, Molly D. Boyd, Dianne Worrell, Jennifer Rae Hartman

University Libraries Faculty Publications and Presentations

The newsletter of the University of Arkansas Libraries

The Connection Between Animal Abuse And Family Violence: A Selected Annotated Bibliography, Sharon L. Nelson

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

This selected annotated bibliography assembles legal and social literature that examines the link between domestic violence and animal abuse. Drawing from an ever-growing body of written works dedicated to the issue, the bibliography presents the works that are most informative and useful to the legal community. These include case studies, current and proposed legislation, and social services guides that address the ocurrence of and response to the animal cruelty-family violence correlation. In doing so, the bibliography creates a resource that will prove helpful to a variety of legal practitioners, lawmakers, and professionals within the criminal justice system, and will serve …

Efficacious And Safe Tissue-Selective Controlled Gene Therapy Approaches For The Cornea, Rajiv R. Mohan, Sunilima Sinha, Ashish Tandon, Rangan Gupta, Jonathan C. K. Tovey, Ajay Sharma

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Untargeted and uncontrolled gene delivery is a major cause of gene therapy failure. This study aimed to define efficient and safe tissue-selective targeted gene therapy approaches for delivering genes into keratocytes of the cornea in vivo using a normal or diseased rabbit model. New Zealand White rabbits, adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (AAV5), and a minimally invasive hair-dryer based vector-delivery technique were used. Fifty microliters of AAV5 titer (6.561012 vg/ml) expressing green fluorescent protein gene (GFP) was topically applied onto normal or diseased (fibrotic or neovascularized) rabbit corneas for 2-minutes with a custom vector-delivery technique. Corneal fibrosis and neovascularization in rabbit …

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder In Childhood Is Associated With Cognitive Test Profiles In The Geriatric Population But Not With Mild Cognitive Impairment Or Alzheimer's Disease, N. Ivanchak, Erin L. Abner, S. A. Carr, S. J. Freeman, A. Seybert, John Ranseen, Gregory A. Jicha

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

The frequency of ADHD in the aging population and its relationship to late-life cognitive decline has not been studied previously. To address this gap in our understanding, the Wender-Utah ADHD Rating scale (WURS) was administered to 310 geriatric subjects with cognitive status ranging from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment to overt dementia. The frequency of WURS-positive ADHD in this sample was 4.4%. WURS scores were not related to cognitive diagnoses, but did show nonlinear associations with tasks requiring sustained attention. The frequency of ADHD appears stable across generations and does not appear to be associated with MCI or dementia …

Nonpoint Source Pollution, Yangbin Tong, Zhiqiang Deng, Daniel Dianchen Gang

Faculty Publications

This article presents a comprehensive review of research advances in 2010 on nonpoint source (NPS) water pollution caused by various known (urban stormwater, highway stormwater, agricultural runoff, and atmospheric deposition) and unknown sources. Progresses in modeling approaches, total maximum daily load (TMDL) calculations, low impact development (LID) technologies and best management practices (BMPs) for NPS pollution controls, as well as their socioeconomic impacts are reviewed. In addition, impacts of global climate change on NPS pollution are also summarized. Copyright © 2011 Water Environment Federation.

Key Theoretical Issues In The Interaction Of Law And Religion: A Guide For The Perplexed, Benjamin Berger

Articles & Book Chapters

There is perhaps no more important access point into the key issues of modern political and legal theory than the questions raised by the interaction of law and religion in contemporary constitutional democracies. Of course, much classical political and moral theory was forged on the issue of the relationship between religious difference and state authority. John Locke’s work was directly influenced by this issue, writing as he did about the just configuration of state authority and moral difference in the wake of the Thirty Years’ War. Yet debates about the appropriate role of religion in public life and the challenges …

Reflections On The U.K. Tribunal Reform: A Canadian Perspective, Lorne Sossin

Articles & Book Chapters

I have been following the United Kingdom reforms with interest, and in particular, the journey Lord Justice Carnwath has been pursuing with the Tribunal community in the United Kingdom (UK). The establishment of a unified Tribunals system arose out of a desire to bring tribunals more expressly under the umbrella of the justice system in order to better serve parties coming before those tribunals. The rationales for the UK reform were set out in a 2001 review conducted by Sir Andrew Leggett -- “Tribunals for Users -- One system One Service.”I would like to offer a Canadian perspective on the …

An Examination Of Irish Females Attitudes Towards Nanotechnology Claims Used In Advertising Appeals By The Cosmetics Industry, Deirdre Kelleher

Theses

Cosmetics advertising exert an image of hope and belief to consumers in that these products will dramatically make them look younger and change their lives. Much criticism has been drawn to cosmetic claims based on nanotechnology. Do they work? Are they safe? Do the cosmetic companies use false claims?

Today, the media is saturated with advertisements that promote cosmetic products. The cosmetics industry is becoming more and more advanced due to the use of nanotechnology. Cosmetic advertisements are so common that it is difficult to distinguish one from the other. Celebrity endorsers are being utilised by cosmetic companies to promote …

The Potential For Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica, To Develop Resistance To Dermo Disease In The Field: Evaluation Using A Gene-Based Population Dynamics Model, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Ximing Guo, Susan E. Ford

CCPO Publications

Today, populations of eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, are commonly limited by disease mortality. Resistance to MSX disease has developed in a number of cases, but the development of resistance to Dermo disease would appear to be limited, despite the high mortality rates and frequency of epizootics. Can aspects of the host's genetics or population dynamics limit the response to the disease despite the apparent opportunity afforded by alleles conferring disease resistance or tolerance? To answer this question, we use a gene-based population dynamics model, configured for C. virginica, to simulate the development of disease resistance using mortality as the agent …