Digital Commons Network^™

Crescent Hill Chert: A Geological And Cultural Study Of A Raw Material Procurement Area In Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Jacob Strong Adams

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

In 2009/2010 the Montana Yellowstone Archaeological Project (MYAP) conducted survey of the Crescent Hill chert outcrop (site 48YE729) in the northern portion of Yellowstone National Park. Occurring in a variety of colors and qualities, the chert precipitated within the Eocene-era Crescent Hill basalt formation. The procurement area encompasses 2,124.8 acres, with nine surface outcrops, five of which were clearly utilized by Native Americans during prehistory. With the materials previously being uncharacterized, hand samples representative of the outcrop areas were collected and analyzed using macroscopic, petrographic, and geochemical techniques. In doing this, the provenance of artifacts found in archaeological assemblages can …

Developing Successful Wilderness Stewardship Partnerships, Heather Day

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Partnerships between federal land management agencies and non-profit organizations have existed in various forms for decades, benefiting public lands in myriad ways. However, the consistent decline in agency budgets and available staffing dedicated to Wilderness stewardship have created a need for and subsequent boom of Wilderness stewardship -focused nonprofit organizations across the country. Previous literature addresses the elements of a successful partnership in a more generalized fashion, leaving a need for more empirical examination of the key components of a successful Wilderness stewardship partnership. Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with Wilderness stewardship nonprofit staff and staff from the Forest Service, …

Indirect Interactions And Plant Community Structure, Erik Aschehoug

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

no abstract

"Consider With Whom You Are Working": Discourse Models Of School Librarianship In Collaboration, Sue C. Kimmel

Teaching & Learning Faculty Publications

The question of why school librarians still struggle to fully enact the roles defined in "Information Power" and "Empowering Learners" may be viewed as a struggle to gain recognition from others that this is what a "real school librarian" does. Discourse Analysis offers school library research a new theoretical and analytical tool to explore how these roles or identities are created or contested in interactions with others by examining the moment-to-moment talk for the presence of larger meanings, or "discourses." Applying a discourse analysis to an exchange that occurred near the end of an ethnographic study of collaborative discourse between …

Stem Cell Tourism: The Challenge And Promise Of International Regulation Of Embryonic Stem Cell-Based Therapies, Lesley N. Derenzo

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

Note of the Year

A Review Of The Surveyor's Dialogue (1618): A Critical Edition Edited By Mark Netzloff, Nicolle M. Jordan

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The United Kingdom’S Supreme Court: Three Skeptical Reflections Concerning The New Court, Neil Andrews

Utah Law Review

Established by the Constitutional Reform Act 2005, the United Kingdom Supreme Court is now the highest appellate court within the United Kingdom, replacing the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords. The Supreme Court sits in the former Middlesex Guildhall, on the western side of Parliament Square, facing the Houses of Parliament (the cost of this move was circa $100 million or £60 million). It sat for the first time in October 2009.

Academic Blueprint For The Implementation Of A Uniform Civil Code For India, Shimon Shetreet

Utah Law Review

For more than sixty years, Article 44 of the Constitution of India, which requires the implementation of a uniform civil code in Inida, has been overlooked—if not by words, then by deeds. However, it exists, and must be applied. The guidelines suggested in this Article—implementation by the legislature rather than the courts, parallel application of civil and religious law, graduate application of provisions of the code, and both intercommunity mediation and individual mediation—could serve as a blueprint for a scholarly discourse on the implantation of a uniform civil code in India.

Uses And Abuses Of Textualism And Originalism In Establishment Clause Interpretation, Carl H. Esbeck

Utah Law Review

The record of the debate by the First Federal Congress, along with the final text of the clause, demonstrate that neither the House nor the Senate had in mind either nonpreferentialism or specific federalism, nor did the First Congress limit the Establishment Clause to instances where liberty of conscience alone is violated. Careful attention to the text and original understanding cannot answer all contemporary questions with respect to the correct application of the Establishment Clause, but the discipline does eliminate all three of these false paths. While the text and original understanding may not reveal clearly the meaning of “establishment,” …

The Self-Judging Wto Security Exception, Roger P. Alford

Utah Law Review

In The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith identified only one type of government action that justified a departure from free trade: laws designed to protect national defense. Under the Act of Navigation, Great Britain adopted a trade embargo against Holland, prohibiting Dutch ships from trading with the British settlements or with the British Isles. According to Smith, the effect of these laws was to exclude the Dutch, “the great carriers of Europe . . . from being the carriers to Great Britain.” When these laws were passed, Smith wrote, while “England and Holland were not actually at war, the most …

Substantive Due Process, Black Swans, And Innovation, Toni M. Massaro

Utah Law Review

The United States Supreme Court in 2010 declined to set right what many view as an old and egregious constitutional wrong. The Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, eviscerated by the Court in The Slaughterhouse Cases, was left in its hollowed out condition. The Court in McDonald v. City of Chicago rejected arguments to use the clause as the textual anchor for the right to bear arms vis-à-vis state and local governments. Doing so would have paved the way to relocating many, if not most, of the “substantive due process” rights—the nonprocedural due process-based protections against deprivations of …

Reviving Slander, Cristina Carmody Tilley

Utah Law Review

For millennia, governments have struggled to harness speech so that it does optimal social good without inflicting undue harm on individuals. History reveals that in the Roman and later in the English systems that undergird American speech law, these dueling goals were served by a two-tiered conception of speech based on the community of interest within which words circulated. One tier of speech, communications on matters of personal interest within small, closed communities, was mediated by local authorities. Injurious intracommunity speech in Rome was known as iniuria; in England, as slander. A second tier of speech, communications on matters of …

“V” Is For Vegetarian: Fda-Mandated Vegetarian Food Labeling, Carrie Griffin Basas

Utah Law Review

More than eight million adults in the United States are vegetarians, and around forty percent of all people in the United States regularly seek vegetarian food options while dining. Vegetarianism comes in a multitude of flavors, but a “pure vegetarian,” also called a vegan, does not consume any products that come from animals, including meat, milk, eggs, and gelatin. People practicing a vegetarian lifestyle may have turned to these dietary restrictions for ethical, religious, environmental, health, or other reasons.

Punishing Without Free Will, Luis E. Chiesa

Utah Law Review

In a few memorable lines of dialogue between Candide and his faithful servant Martin, Voltaire eloquently conveyed the relevance of free will to our practices of punishing and blaming. In a naturalistic world, as Martin observes, human beings are merely another cog in the wheel of nature. As such, it would be as absurd to blame humans for their sins as it would be to blame hawks for eating pigeons. The always-optimistic Candide begs to differ. The hawk’s nature is fixed because animal conduct is determined by natural laws. Mankind’s nature, on the other hand, is variable because humans have …

Surveying The Online Classroom : Student Reactions To E-Learning, Jordan Dierks

Graduate Research Papers

The utilization of commercial, open source, and institution designed learning management systems are increasing in higher education. Universities are competing with each other to find qualified applicants or increase enrollment. Many higher education institutions are evaluating their return on investment for educational technologies, white public institutions are facing the reality of shifting funding sources from state support to self-sufficiency. The purpose of this study is to determine if the use of a learning management system (LMS) in an online classroom supporting either a full-web or blended course affects student satisfaction with the learning experience. Additional areas examined include whether students …

Curricular Integration In The Elementary Classroom, Jill Leibold

Graduate Research Papers

The No Child Left Behind Act and how it narrows the elementary curriculum is an important educational issue. Integration is a valuable teaching practice that is becoming more wide spread in today's classrooms because of the pressures placed on teachers by NCLB. Integration is used to relieve some of the pressures of NCLB by helping teachers create more time to teach all subject areas. Integration allows teachers to connect learning standards across the curriculum and make lessons more meaningful for the students. This paper describes what integration is and why teachers need to implement integration into their daily instruction. In …

Evaluation Of The Tick Bites In A Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (Cchf) Endemic Area In Turkey, Serpi̇l Erol, Ahmet Yeni̇solak, Göknur Yapar Toros, Ayşe Albayrak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

After the first description of a CCHF outbreak in Turkey, tick bites became an increasing cause of visits to health-care facilities. In this study, we evaluated tick bites in a CCHF endemic region. Materials and methods: The study included cases of tick bites that were referred to 2 hospitals in Erzurum between June and October 2008. All cases were followed-up for 10 days for the results of CCHF. Results: During the study period, 161 patients were admitted for a tick bite. The majority (56.3%) were farmers and housewives. Children ≤ 13 years of age were bitten mostly on the head …

Leach-Sm: A Protocol For Extending Wireless Sensor Network Lifetime By Management Of Spare Nodes, Bilal Abu Bakr

Dissertations

Operational lifetime of a wireless sensor network (WSN) depends on its energy resources. Significant improvement of WSN lifetime can be achieved by adding spare sensor nodes to WSN. Spares are ready to be switched on when any primary (a node that is not a spare) exhausts its energy. A spare replacing a primary becomes a primary itself.

The LEACH-SM protocol (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy with Spare Management) proposed by us is a modification of the prominent LEACH protocol. LEACH extends WSN lifetime via rotation of cluster heads but allows for inefficiencies due to redundant sensing target coverage. There are two …

An Exploration Of Worldview And Conceptions Of Nature Of Science Among Science Teachers At A Private Christian High School, Kara M. Kits

Dissertations

Both worldview and conceptions of nature of science (NOS) are important components in teaching and learning science. However, few empirical studies have examined the interplay between both of these components for teachers or students. Therefore, this study examines the possible relationship between worldview and conceptions of nature of science for secondary science teachers who currently teach at a Christian school.

Qualitative methodologies developed a rich description of the worldview beliefs and conceptions of NOS for teachers in this study. Eight secondary science teachers employed at a private Christian school participated in the study. A Views of Nature of Science (VNOS) …

Reluctant To Report: The Mandated Reporting Practices Of Child Care Providers, Aileen Mckenna

Dissertations

Child care providers spend far more time with children under age 3, the most likely to suffer severe and fatal abuse and neglect, than any other mandated reporter. Their close relationship with both the child and the family places them in a unique position to observe signs and suspicions of abuse or neglect and to make timely reports to Child Protective Services (CPS). Yet despite this, child care providers rank last among mandated reporters in both reporting suspicions of abuse and neglect and in actual substantiated reports. Only a handful of studies have looked specifically at the decision-making practices of …

Short-Term Nicotine Abstinence And Decision Making, Gabriel D. Searcy

Dissertations

Research has shown that acute drug administration may affect impulsivity (i.e., choice for small, immediate rewards over large, delayed rewards) on laboratory delay-discounting tasks. Few studies have investigated how drug abstinence affects impulsivity. Investigating how drug abstinence affects impulsivity may be relevant to preventing relapse. Two previous studies have investigated the effects of short-term nicotine abstinence on impulsivity using delay-discounting tasks. The results were mixed, one study suggested that choices became more impulsive (i.e., delayed money was devalued) under nicotine deprivation. One goal of the present research was to further investigate how nicotine deprivation affects delay-discounting for money rewards. In …

Molecular, Cellular And Systemic Effects Of Atrazine On The Xenopus Laevis Tadpole, Renee Maryanne Zaya

Dissertations

Atrazine is one of the two most commonly used herbicides in the US and it is the most studies are among the first to link physiological effects of atrazine to changes in tissue and gene expression in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. These studies provide the groundwork for future studies into the mechanisms behind responses to chemical stressors generating data resulting in a better understanding of how these chemicals affect us all. commonly found herbicide in ground water. As a result, a great deal of attention has been placed on its use and safety. It has also been implicated to play a …

Wapsi Wilds Project: Stakeholder Attitudes Towards A Nature Based Tourism Collaboration, Nathan C. Prehm

Graduate Research Papers

Nature-based tourism (NBT) development and marketing collaborations are increasing in popularity across the United States and the world. Bodies of framework of these issues are presented in this study to identify the major factors of NBT and marketing collaborations, and the roles stakeholders play within the structure of NBT development. This study examines stakeholder attitudes of NBT within the Wapsipinicon River Watershed and concludes with results from the study and identification for further improvements for NBT development and marketing collaboration.

The Effects Of Aerobic Physical Fitness And Daily Physical Activity On Cognitive Testing In Preadolescent Children, Bennett L. Smith

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of physical activity and physical fitness level on academic performance.

A Review Of The Literature Related To Behavioral Influences Of Subsequent Adolescent Obesity, 1998-2010, Erin Elizabeth Cain

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this research paper is to review the literature related to selected behavioral influences of subsequent adolescent obesity, 1998-2010.

Middle School Students' Reading Motivation For A School Summer Reading Program, Tricia Fleagle

Graduate Research Papers

Closing school libraries during summer vacation creates a situation where students simply lose access or must look elsewhere for access to informational and educational materials and personal conversations regarding written texts. The purpose of this study was to investigate middle school students' reading habits and motivational reasons, expressed by students, for wanting to attend a school-sponsored summer reading program.

The methodology used for this study was quantitative research. An existing survey, the Adolescent Motivation to Read Profile, was adapted to fit the needs of this study and data was collected. The population was limited to 149 seventh grade students from …

A History Of The Pigtail Bridges In South Dakota, Krystol R. Frerking

Graduate Research Papers

The history of the Pigtail Bridges in the Black Hills of South Dakota is an interesting historical story that in children's non-fiction books has not told. Three questions that guided this research were what the best layout/design is for a children's book on the Pigtail Bridges, how does an author select the content for a children's book on a local history topic like the Pigtail Bridges, and what is the most appropriate text structure for this content? The purpose of this research project was to create a non-fiction children's book about the history of the Pigtail Bridges in the Black …

An Environmental A To Z Book: An Educational Resource For The 21st Century, Nicolette Smith

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this research project was to create an environmental education book that would fill a gap that exists in the elementary environmental science niche as shown through research presented by Zynda (2007). Zynda found a scarcity of children's environmental books focused on the topic of recycling. Environmental awareness is part of the Iowa Core Curriculum (2010) in all grades, starting in Kindergarten. Additionally, the need for utilizing informational text more often in lower elementary has been established by numerous researchers including Duke (2004). The book, What About You (WA. Y)? An Elementary Environmental Information Resource from A to …

A Manual For The Implementation Of Service Learning Into Collegiate Outdoor Recreation Programs, Nicholas Robert Kilburg

Graduate Research Papers

This manual contains the information needed to design service learning projects for implementation into collegiate outdoor recreation departments. The program manual describes how to design, fund, implement and evaluate service learning programs in an outdoor recreation program. The theories of behavior change and their relation to service learning, the benefits of service learning for university students, how successful service learning projects are structured and the benefits service learning programs can also be found in this manual.

Many colleges and universities have outdoor recreation programs that offer adventure trips with the goal of providing participants with a memorable experience that allows …

Examining The Cause-Related Marketing Relationship Between Children’S Miracle Network And Walmart: Initial Development Of An Ethical Decision Making Framework, Taryn L. Kuntz

Graduate Research Papers

Cause-related marketing relationships have often been identified as win-win-win partnerships for the consumer, nonprofit organization and for-profit corporation. Critics suggest this is not always the case and that in fact, some for-profit organizations participate in such relationships to cover up unethical or illegal behavior. Focusing on Walmart's relationship Children's Miracle Network affiliated children's hospitals, this literature review explores the nature of cause-related marketing relationships and takes a psychological approach to ethical decision making as it relates to philanthropy in order to evaluate whether nonprofit organizations have a concern as a partner in a cause-related marketing relationship. Ethical decision making models …