Digital Commons Network^™

Development Of Amphiphilic Biodegradable Photoluminescent Polymers, Shengyuan Zhou

Material Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

The development of amphiphilc block copolymers have been attracted much attention due to their potential use in drug delivery and targeting. Less research work focused on their prospective application as fluorescent imaging probes. Although some research reported fluorescent materials encapsulated in amphiphilc micelles has provided significant opportunities for biological labeling and imaging in biomedical fields, these fluorescent materials, such as organic dyes and quantum dots, suffer from photobleaching, cytotoxicity and lack of biodegradability. A novel and ideal amphiphilic biodegradable photoluminescent polymeric micelle was developed, which will open new avenues for biomedical filed. The objective of this reseach was to develop …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Platinum And Carbon Nanoparticle In Benzene By Electric Plasma Discharge In Ultrasonic Cavitation, Rakesh Pratapbhai Chaudhary

Material Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Nanoparticles are of interest due to the high number of atoms located on the surface. This high surface area is conductive to higher catalytic efficiency than normal seen in bulk metals. Of numerous Nanoparticles catalysts studied, Platinum (Pt) nanoparticles have attracted particular interest due to their superior catalysis for many chemical reactions, especially for fuel cell reactions including hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction. Carbon supported Pt nanoparticles are active anode catalysts for fuel cells. In this thesis nano-sized Pt particles have been synthesized by an advanced and cost effective method. Pt nanoparticles embedded in carbon matrix were synthesized by an …

A Low Cost Micro Scale Cyclone Seperator- Design And Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis, Deval Pandya

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Microparticle separation process has a variety of application varying from application in biological and biomedical industries for analysis and diagnosis, in biogas manufacturing to separate phases as well as in defense sector for detection of biological weapons like anthrax. Available electrical, magnetic, acoustic and various other methods are either very costly or not portable. The proposed design of micro scale cyclone separator is low cost as well as portable and easy to manufacture. Huge cyclone separators are widely used in various industries since decades but due to lack of research in micro scale cyclones no direct and sufficient data is …

Monitoring Coral Reefs From Space, C. M. Eakin, C. J. Nim, R. E. Brainard, C. Aubrecht, C. Elvidge, D. K. Gledhill, Frank E. Muller-Karger, P. J. Mumby, W. J. Skirving, A. E. Strong, M. Wang, S. Weeks, F. Wentz, D. Ziskin

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Coral reefs are one of the world's most biologically diverse and productive ecosystems. However, these valuable resources are highly threatened by human activities. Satellite remotely sensed observations enhance our understanding of coral reefs and some of the threats facing them by providing global spatial and time-series data on reef habitats and the environmental conditions influencing them in near-real time. This review highlights many of the ways in which satellites are currently used to monitor coral reefs and their threats, and provides a look toward future needs and capabilities.

Identifying Thresholds For Ecosystem-Based Management, Jameal F. Samhouri, Phillip S. Levin, Cameron H. Ainsworth

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Background: One of the greatest obstacles to moving ecosystem-based management (EBM) from concept to practice is the lack of a systematic approach to defining ecosystem-level decision criteria, or reference points that trigger management action.

Methodology/Principal Findings: To assist resource managers and policymakers in developing EBM decision criteria, we introduce a quantitative, transferable method for identifying utility thresholds. A utility threshold is the level of human-induced pressure (e.g., pollution) at which small changes produce substantial improvements toward the EBM goal of protecting an ecosystem's structural (e.g., diversity) and functional (e.g., resilience) attributes. The analytical approach is based on the detection of …

The 13C Suess Effect In Scleractinian Corals Mirror Changes In The Anthropogenic Co2 Inventory Of The Surface Oceans, Peter K. Swart, Lisa Greer, Brad E. Rosenheim, Chris S. Moses, Amanda J. Waite, A. Winter, Richard E. Dodge, Kevin Helmle

Marine Science Faculty Publications

[1] New δ¹³C data are presented from 10 coral skeletons collected from Florida and elsewhere in the Caribbean (Dominica, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and Belize). These corals range from 96 to 200 years in age and were collected between 1976 and 2002. The change in the δ¹³C of the skeletons from these corals between 1900 and 1990 has been compared with 27 other published coral records from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. The new data presented here make possible, for the first time, a global comparison of rates of change in the δ¹³C …

2010 Rowan County High School Yearbook, Rowan County High School (Morehead, Ky.)

Yearbooks of Rowan County High Schools

The 2010 Rowan County High School Yearbook from Morehead, Kentucky.

Elemental Release And Surface Changes Of Fluorapatite–Leucite Porcelain Upon Immersion In Acidic Agents, Boonlert Kukiattrakoon, Chanothai Hengtrakool, Ureporn Kedjarune-Leggat

Journal of Dental Sciences

Abstract Background/purpose The potential erosive effects of acidic foods, sour fruits, and drinks on enamel have been extensively investigated. However, their effects on fluorapatite–leucite porcelain restorations have not been widely examined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ion leaching and surface roughness of porcelain immersed in acidic agents. Materials and methods One-hundred and forty-five discs (12.0 mm in diameter and 2.0 mm thick) were made from fluorapatite–leucite porcelain (IPS d.SIGN). Baseline data of the elemental compositions of all storage agents and the surface roughness of specimens were recorded. Four groups of discs were then immersed in acidic …

Secularism, The Veil And "Reasonable Interlocutors": Why France Is Not That Wrong, Guy Haarscher

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Alum Application To Improve Water Quality In A Municipal Wastewater Treatment Wetland: Effects On Macrophyte Growth And Nutrient Uptake, Lynette M. Malecki-Brown, John R. White, Hans Brix

Faculty Publications

Application of low doses of alum to treatment wetlands to reduce elevated outflow winter phosphorus concentrations were tested in mesocosms vegetated with either Typha domingensis, Schoenoplectus californicus, or submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) (Najas guadalupensis-dominated). Alum was pumped to experimental units at a rate of 0.91 g Al m^-2 d^-1 and water quality monitored for 3 months. The alum application significantly improved the outflow water quality and overall the growth of the plants was unaffected by the alum application. Biomass and growth varied between species and through time, but no significant effects of alum application were detected. The concentrations …

Dynamics And Distribution Of Natural And Human-Caused Hypoxia, N N. Rabalais, R J. Diaz, L A. Levin, R. Eugene Turner, N N. Rabalais, J Zhang

Faculty Publications

Water masses can become undersaturated with oxygen when natural processes alone or in combination with anthropogenic processes produce enough organic carbon that is aerobically decomposed faster than the rate of oxygen re-aeration. The dominant natural processes usually involved are photosynthetic carbon production and microbial respiration. The re-supply rate is indirectly related to its isolation from the surface layer. Hypoxic water masses (< 2 mg L-1, or approximately 30% saturation) can form, therefore, under 'natural' conditions, and are more likely to occur in marine systems when the water residence time is extended, water exchange and ventilation are minimal, stratification occurs, and where carbon production and export to the bottom layer are relatively high. Hypoxia has occurred through geological time and naturally occurs in oxygen minimum zones, deep basins, eastern boundary upwelling systems, and fjords. Hypoxia development and continuation in many areas of the world's coastal ocean is accelerated by human activities, especially where nutrient loading increased in the Anthropocene. This higher loading set in motion a cascading set of events related to eutrophication. The formation of hypoxic areas has been exacerbated by any combination of interactions that increase primary production and accumulation of organic carbon leading to increased respiratory demand for oxygen below a seasonal or permanent pycnocline. Nutrient loading is likely to increase further as population growth and resource intensification rises, especially with increased dependency on crops using fertilizers, burning of fossil fuels, urbanization, and waste water generation. It is likely that the occurrence and persistence of hypoxia will be even more widespread and have more impacts than presently observed. Global climate change will further complicate the causative factors in both natural and human-caused hypoxia. The likelihood of strengthened stratification alone, from increased surface water temperature as the global climate warms, is sufficient to worsen hypoxia where it currently exists and facilitate its formation in additional waters. Increased precipitation that increases freshwater discharge and flux of nutrients will result in increased primary production in the receiving waters up to a point. The interplay of increased nutrients and stratification where they occur will aggravate and accelerate hypoxia. Changes in wind fields may expand oxygen minimum zones onto more continental shelf areas. On the other hand, not all regions will experience increased precipitation, some oceanic water temperatures may decrease as currents shift, and frequency and severity of tropical storms may increase and temporarily disrupt hypoxia more often. The consequences of global warming and climate change are effectively uncontrollable at least in the near term. On the other hand, the consequences of eutrophication-induced hypoxia can be reversed if long-term, broad-scale, and persistent efforts to reduce substantial nutrient loads are developed and implemented. In the face of globally expanding hypoxia, there is a need for water and resource managers to act now to reduce nutrient loads to maintain, at least, the current status.

Potential Of Modis Evi In Identifying Hurricane Disturbance To Coastal Vegetation In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, F. Wang, E.J. D'Sa

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Particulate Absorption Properties In The Southeastern Bering Sea From In-Situ And Remote Sensing Data, P. Naik, E. D'Sa, J.I. Goés, H.D.R. Gomes

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Fabrication And Characterization Of Gel-Type Solar Cells Sensitized By Green-Synthesized Zinc Sulfide Quantum Dots, Adam Alman

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Three different types of fully integrated ZnS quantum dot-TiO₂ nanoparticle gels were used to create films for usage in photovoltaic cells. The films were annealed onto TEC-8 F:SnO₂ conductive glass electrode and the cell was completed by adding a polyolsolvated I/I₃ redox couple to the film and capping the cell with a counter electrode constructed of graphite-coated TEC-8 glass. Electrical output of the cells under a 360 W halogen light source and a natural or simulated (1000 W xenon arc lamp) sunlight source were estimated by multi-meter. The highest absolute energy conversion efficiency seen was from an …

Characterization Of Electrotaxis Behavior In C. Elegans, Steven Chrisman

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Electrotaxis can be observered in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in response to an electric field stimulus. C. elegans will orient and travel in a straight uninterrupted path directly towards the negative pole of a DC electric field (Sukul and Croll 1978). In addition, two novel electric field responses in C. elegans have been uncovered in these studies: an initial increase in velocity to field stimulus, and an immediate reversal upon a decrease in field strength. In examining the neutral basis for this behavior we have identified a mutant, eat-4, defective in a transporter that packages glutamate into synaptic vesicles; …

The Influence Of Affiliative Relations On Copulatory Behaviors Of Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana), Laura P. Ginn

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The genus Macaca is the largest and most widely distributed primate genus, but M. thibetana remains understudied. Field research on this species has focused on dominance style, post-conflict behaviors, and the effects of eco-tourism, with limited research on sexual selection. As a sexually dimorphic species with linear hierarchies, rank is expected to play a role in mate choice; however, recent data suggest that male rank is not correlated with mating. This study examined affiliative behaviors of male-female dyads in a free-living group of Tibetan macaques at Mt. Huangshan, China to assess whether affiliative interactions influenced copulation patterns. The proportion of …

Characterization Of Phytochemicals Isolated From Plants Of The Pacific Northwest And Western United States For Combating Fungal Multidrug Resistance, John David Schreiber

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Fungal multidrug resistance is an emerging problem for those suffering from fungal infections, and for those seeking to discover or produce novel fungicidal drugs. Plants native to the Pacific Northwest as well as in the Olympic national rainforest were collected and screened for phytochemicals which exhibit direct antifungal activity toward Candida and Saccharomyces spp. as well as those that inhibit fungal ABC transporters that are, in large part, responsible for the development of multidrug resistance. Dalea formosa (Fabaceae), a plant native to the American Southwest, was also screened for phytochemicals of medicinal interest. The methanolic extract of aerial portions of …

Landscapes And Soils Of The Northam District, D N. Sawkins, Department Of Agriculture And Food

Bulletins 4000 -

The publication aims to provide readers with the principles underlying the formation of local landscapes and soils, and the ability to identify landscapes and their associated soils.

Recommendations For Interdisciplinary Study Of Tipping Points In Natural And Social Systems, T.E. Jordan, O.E. Sala, S.G. Stafford, J.L. Bubier, J.C. Crittenden, S.L. Cutter, A.C. Kay, G.D. Libecap, J.C. Moore, N.N. Rabalais, J.M. Shepherd, J. Travis

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Natural And Human-Induced Hypoxia And Consequences For Coastal Areas: Synthesis And Future Development, J. Zhang, D. Gilbert, A.J. Gooday, L. Levin, S.W.A. Naqvi, J.J. Middelburg, M. Scranton, W. Ekau, A. Peña, B. Dewitte, T. Oguz, P.M.S. Monteiro, E. Urban, N.N. Rabalais, V. Ittekkot, W.M. Kemp, O. Ulloa, R. Elmgren, E. Escobar-Briones, A.K. Van Der Plas

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium: Relatively New Kid On The Block, N.N. Rabalais

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Biological And Physical Factors On Seasonal Oxygen Dynamics In A Stratified, Eutrophic Coastal Ecosystem, Z.J. Quiñones-Rivera, B. Wissel, N.N. Rabalais, D. Justic

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evidence For Greater Oxygen Decline Rates In The Coastal Ocean Than In The Open Ocean, D. Gilbert, N.N. Rabalais, R.J. Díaz, J. Zhang

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Litigation, Integration, And Transformation: Using Medicaid To Address Racial Inequities In Health Care, Ruqaiijah Yearby

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Emerging Isseus In Fda Regulation: Warning Letters, Internet Promotion, And Tobacco, Jeffrey M. Senger

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Not Guilty By Reason Of Neuroimaging: The Need For Cautionary Jury Instructions For Neuroscience Evidence In Criminal Trials, E. Spencer Compton

Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law

Neuroimaging technology gives researchers the ability to see structures and functions of the human brain. As the technology advances, it is beginning to change the way the legal field understands the brain and its impact on legal concepts of capacity, sanity, guilt, and innocence. However, the sophisticated technology poses risks that juries will misunderstand the limits of the science or misapply the technical findings to a particular case. To combat the risk of undue prejudice, this Note proposes a cautionary jury instruction designed to remind jurors of the technical and legal limits of bringing neuroimages into the courtroom.

Multimedia And Ultrafiltration For Reverse Osmosis Pretreatment Aboard Naval Vessels, Angela C. Mehner

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

The US Navy is interested in improving the pretreatment for shipboard Reverse Osmosis potable water systems. To investigate this problem, the Navy prepared a Task for the 2010 WERC (http://www.werc.net) competition. The research described in this paper was performed to compete in this WERC Task and ultimately received a 1st place award. Several technologies were considered as options for improving the current pretreatment process. Multi-media filtration followed by ultrafiltration was chosen as the most economical solution. This paper presents the final design for a full-scale shipboard system that incorporates multimedia filtration and ultrafiltration yet requires minimal space and optimal power …

Inquiry: The University Of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal - Volume 11 - Fall 2010, Inquiry Editors

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Assessing Offset Quality In The Clean Development Mechanism, The Offset Quality Initiative

Sustainable Development Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Editor's Note, Blake M. Mensing, Addie Haughey

Sustainable Development Law & Policy

No abstract provided.