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An Investigation Of Humeral Stress Fractures In Racing Thoroughbreds Using A 3d Finite Element Model In Conjunction With A Bone Remodeling Algorithm, Ryan James Moore

Master's Theses

The humerus of a racing horse Thoroughbred is highly susceptible to stress fractures at a characteristic location as a result of cyclic loading. The propensity of a Thoroughbred to exhibit humeral fracture has made equines useful models in the epidemiology of stress fractures. In this study, a racing Thoroughbred humerus was simulated during training using a 3D finite element model in conjunction with a bone remodeling algorithm. Nine muscle forces and two contact forces were applied to the 3-dimensional finite element model, which contains four separate load cases representing fore-stance, mid-stance, aft-stance, and standing. Four different training programs were incorporated …

Evolution Of The Cerebellar Cortex: The Selective Expansion Of Prefrontal-Projecting Cerebellar Lobules, J. H. Balsters, E. Cussans, J. Diedrichsen, Kimberley A. Phillips, T. M. Preuss, J. K. Rilling, N. Ramnani

Psychology Faculty Research

It has been suggested that interconnected brain areas evolve in tandem because evolutionary pressures act on complete functional systems rather than on individual brain areas. The cerebellar cortex has reciprocal connections with both the prefrontal cortex and motor cortex, forming independent loops with each. Specifically, in capuchin monkeys cerebellar cortical lobules Crus I and Crus II connect with prefrontal cortex, whereas the primary motor cortex connects with cerebellar lobules V, VI, VIIb, and VIIIa. Comparisons of extant primate species suggest that the prefrontal cortex has expanded more than cortical motor areas in human evolution. Given the enlargement of the prefrontal …

Domestication Alone Does Not Lead To Inequality: Intergenerational Wealth Transmission Among Horticulturalists, Michael Gurven, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, Paul L. Hooper, Hillard Kaplan, Robert Quinlan, Rebecca Sear, Eric Schniter, Christopher Von Rueden, Samuel Bowles, Tom Hertz, Adrian Bell

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

We present empirical measures of wealth inequality and its intergenerational transmission among four horticulturalist populations. Wealth is construed broadly as embodied somatic and neural capital, including body size, fertility and cultural knowledge, material capital such as land and household wealth, and relational capital in the form of coalitional support and field labor. Wealth inequality is moderate for most forms of wealth, and intergenerational wealth transmission is low for material resources and moderate for embodied and relational wealth. Our analysis suggests that domestication alone does not transform social structure; rather, the presence of scarce, defensible resources may be required before inequality …

Bilateral Multi-Electrode Neurophysiological Recordings Coupled To Local Pharmacology In Awake Songbirds, Liisa A. Tremere, Thomas A. Terleph, Jin Kwon Jeong, Raphael Pinaud

Biology Faculty Publications

Here we describe a protocol for bilateral multielectrode neurophysiological recordings during intracerebral pharmacological manipulations in awake songbirds. This protocol encompasses fitting adult animals with head-posts and recording chambers, and acclimating them to periods of restraint. The adaptation period is followed by bilateral penetrations of multiple electrodes to obtain acute, sensory-driven neurophysiological responses before versus during the application of pharmacological agents of interest. These local manipulations are achieved by simultaneous and restricted drug infusions carried out independently for each hemisphere. We have used this protocol to elucidate how neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine systems shape the auditory and perceptual processing of natural, learned …

Lanthorn, Vol. 44, No. 38, February 1, 2010, Grand Valley State University

Volume 44, July 8, 2009 - June 10, 2010

Lanthorn is Grand Valley State's student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present.

Humoral Immunity In Tuberculin Skin Test Anergy And Its Role In High-Risk Persons Exposed To Active Tuberculosis, Liliana Encinales, Joaquin Zuñiga, Julio Granados-Montiel, Maria Yunis, Julio Granados, Ingrid Almeciga, Olga Clavijo, Carlos Awad, Vilma Collazos, María Inés Vargas-Rojas, José Luis Bañales-Mendez, Lilia Vazquez-Castañeda, Joel N Stern, Viviana Romero, Masha Fridkis-Hareli, Masha Frindkis-Hareli, Daniel Terreros, Marcelo Fernandez-Viña, Edmond J Yunis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The most common test to identify latent tuberculosis is the tuberculin skin test that detects T cell responses of delayed type hypersensitivity type IV. Since it produces false negative reactions in active tuberculosis or in high-risk persons exposed to tuberculosis patients as shown in this report, we studied antibody profiles to explain the anergy of such responses in high-risk individuals without active infection. Our results showed that humoral immunity against tuberculin, regardless of the result of the tuberculin skin test is important for protection from active tuberculosis and that the presence of high antibody titers is a more reliable indicator …

Cardiomyocyte Pdgfr-Beta Signaling Is An Essential Component Of The Mouse Cardiac Response To Load-Induced Stress, Vishnu Chintalgattu, Di Ai, Robert R Langley, Jianhu Zhang, James A Bankson, Tiffany L Shih, Anilkumar K Reddy, Kevin R Coombes, Iyad N Daher, Shibani Pati, Shalin S Patel, Jennifer S Pocius, George E Taffet, L Maximillian Buja, Mark L Entman, Aarif Y Khakoo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PDGFR is an important target for novel anticancer therapeutics because it is overexpressed in a wide variety of malignancies. Recently, however, several anticancer drugs that inhibit PDGFR signaling have been associated with clinical heart failure. Understanding this effect of PDGFR inhibitors has been difficult because the role of PDGFR signaling in the heart remains largely unexplored. As described herein, we have found that PDGFR-beta expression and activation increase dramatically in the hearts of mice exposed to load-induced cardiac stress. In mice in which Pdgfrb was knocked out in the heart in development or in adulthood, exposure to load-induced stress resulted …

What Is Biomedical Informatics?, Elmer V Bernstam, Jack W Smith, Todd R Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Biomedical informatics lacks a clear and theoretically-grounded definition. Many proposed definitions focus on data, information, and knowledge, but do not provide an adequate definition of these terms. Leveraging insights from the philosophy of information, we define informatics as the science of information, where information is data plus meaning. Biomedical informatics is the science of information as applied to or studied in the context of biomedicine. Defining the object of study of informatics as data plus meaning clearly distinguishes the field from related fields, such as computer science, statistics and biomedicine, which have different objects of study. The emphasis on data …

Helping Child Welfare Workers Improve Cultural Competence By Utilizing Spiritual Genograms With Native American Families And Children, Gordon E. Limb, David R. Hodge

Faculty Publications

This study represents an initial step at giving child welfare workers an important assessment tool as they seek to provide culturally and spiritually competent services to Native American families and children. In order to determine the relevancy and consistency of utilizing a modified spiritual genogram assessment tool with Native Americans, 50 Native American experts reviewed, rated, and gave feedback on its use. Results showed that while there were limitations in utilizing spiritual genograms, this assessment tool could help child welfare workers become more culturally competent as they develop interventions with Native American families and children.

A Framework For Automated Enrichment Of Functionally Significant Inverted Repeats In Whole Genomes, Cyriac Kandoth, Fikret ErçAl, Ronald L. Frank

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: RNA transcripts from genomic sequences showing dyad symmetry typically adopt hairpin-like, cloverleaf, or similar structures that act as recognition sites for proteins. Such structures often are the precursors of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) sequences like microRNA (miRNA) and small-interfering RNA (siRNA) that have recently garnered more functional significance than in the past. Genomic DNA contains hundreds of thousands of such inverted repeats (IRs) with varying degrees of symmetry. But by collecting statistically significant information from a known set of ncRNA, we can sort these IRs into those that are likely to be functional.

Results: A novel method was developed to …

Surface Engineering Of Macrophages With Nanoparticles To Generate A Cell-Nanoparticle Hybrid Vehicle For Hypoxia-Targeted Drug Delivery, Christopher A. Holden, Quan Yuan, W. Andrew Yeudall, Deborah A. Lebman, Hu Yang

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Tumors frequently contain hypoxic regions that result from a shortage of oxygen due to poorly organized tumor vasculature. Cancer cells in these areas are resistant to radiation- and chemotherapy, limiting the treatment efficacy. Macrophages have inherent hypoxia-targeting ability and hold great advantages for targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutics to cancer cells in hypoxic areas. However, most anticancer drugs cannot be directly loaded into macrophages because of their toxicity. In this work, we designed a novel drug delivery vehicle by hybridizing macrophages with nanoparticles through cell surface modification. Nanoparticles immobilized on the cell surface provide numerous new sites for anticancer drug …

The Link, Vol 4, No. 1, February 2010, Illinois State University, Center For Teaching, Learning, And Technology

The Link

Newsletter for the Illinois State University Center for Teaching, Learning, and Technology

University Of San Diego Women's Rowing Media Guide 2010, University Of San Diego Athletics Department

Rowing (Women)

28 pages : illustrations, portraits ; 21.5 x 28 cm

In Situ Perturbation Experiments: Natural Venting Sites, Spatial/Temporal Gradients In Ocean Ph, Manipulative In Situ Pco2 Perturbations, Jp Barry, Jm Hall-Spencer, T Tyrell

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Dynamics Of Galectin-3 In The Nucleus And Cytoplasm, Kevin C. Haudek, Kimberly J. Spronk, Patricia G. Voss, Ronald J. Patterson

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

This review summarizes selected studies on galectin-3 (Gal3) as an example of the dynamic behavior of a carbohydrate-binding protein in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. Within the 15-member galectin family of proteins, Gal3 (Mr ∼ 30,000) is the sole representative of the chimera subclass in which a proline- and glycine-rich NH2-terminal domain is fused onto a COOH-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain responsible for binding galactose-containing glycoconjugates. The protein shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus on the basis of targeting signals that are recognized by importin(s) for nuclear localization and exportin-1 (CRM1) for nuclear export. Depending on the cell type, specific …

Dynamics Of Galectin-3 In The Nucleus And Cytoplasm, Kevin C. Haudek, Kimberly J. Spronk, Patricia G. Voss, Ronald J. Patterson

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

This review summarizes selected studies on galectin-3 (Gal3) as an example of the dynamic behavior of a carbohydrate-binding protein in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. Within the 15-member galectin family of proteins, Gal3 (Mr ∼ 30,000) is the sole representative of the chimera subclass in which a proline- and glycine-rich NH2-terminal domain is fused onto a COOH-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain responsible for binding galactose-containing glycoconjugates. The protein shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus on the basis of targeting signals that are recognized by importin(s) for nuclear localization and exportin-1 (CRM1) for nuclear export. Depending on the cell type, specific …

Explaining Low Rates Of Autism Among Hispanic Schoolchildren In Texas, Raymond F. Palmer, Tatjana Walker, David Mandell, Bryan Bayles, Claudia S. Miller

Public Health (Archived)

In data from the Texas Educational Agency and the Health Resources and Services Administration, we found fewer autism diagnoses in school districts with higher percentages of Hispanic children. Our results are consistent with previous reports of autism rates 2 to 3 times as high among non-Hispanic Whites as among Hispanics. Socioeconomic factors failed to explain lower autism prevalence among Hispanic schoolchildren in Texas. These findings raise questions: Is autism underdiagnosed among Hispanics? Are there protective factors associated with Hispanic ethnicity?

Patterns Of Nonresident Father Contact*, Jacob E. Cheadle, Paul R. Amato, Valarie King

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

We used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort (NLSY79) from 1979 to 2002 and the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (CNLSY) from 1986 to 2002 to describe the number, shape, and population frequencies of U.S. nonresident father contact trajectories over a 14-year period using growth mixture models. The resulting four-category classification indicated that nonresident father involvement is not adequately characterized by a single population with a monotonic pattern of declining contact over time. Contrary to expectations, about two-thirds of fathers were consistently either highly involved or rarely involved in their children’s lives. Only one group, …

Openline Newsletter, February 2010, Civil Service Council

OpenLine Newsletter

A monthly newsletter for Civil Service employees, Volume XXXIV, Number 8, February 2010.

Illinois State Alumni Magazine, February 2010, Illinois State University, University Marketing And Communications

State: The Magazine of Illinois State University (1999-present)

Illinois State University alumni magazine

Lilac-Ash Borer, Ryan S. Davis, Taun Beddes, Jay B. Karren

All Current Publications

The lilac-ash borer (Podosesia syringae), belongs to a group of insects known as the clear-winged moths. The wings of most sesiid moths in have at least partially transparent wings (devoid of the colored scales that coat most moth and butterfly wings).

Winthrop Athletics Welcomes Five Student-Athletes Into Hall Of Fame, Winthrop University

Winthrop News 2010

• The latest inductees were recognized during halftime at the Winthrop men's basketball game against Coastal Carolina on Jan. 30.
• The Hall of Fame has selected 35 inductees since its creation in 2004.

Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy And Multivariate Methods For Radiobiological Dosimetry, Aidan Meade, Colin Clarke, Hugh Byrne, Fiona Lyng

Articles

The scientific literature contains an ever-growing number of reports of applications of vibrational spectroscopy as a multivariate non-invasive tool for analysis of biological effects at the molecular level. Recently, Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIRM) has been demonstrated to be sensitive to molecular events occurring in cells and tissue after exposure to ionizing radiation. In this work the application of FTIRM in the examination of dose-dependent molecular effects occurring in skin cells after exposure to ionizing radiation with the use of partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and generalized regression neural networks (GRNN) was studied. The methodology is shown to be sensitive to …

Robots, Gps/Gis, And Programming Technologies: The Power Of "Digital Manipulatives" In Youth Extension Experiences, Bradley S. Barker, Neal Grandgenett, Gwen Nugent, Viacheslav I. Adamchuk

Journal of Extension

The study reported here examined the effectiveness of educational robotics combined with GPS/GIS technologies used as "digital manipulatives" in the teaching of concepts in science, engineering, and technology. Based on the success of previous summer camps, the study also examined a scaling-up of the intervention from 38 participants to 147. The 147 youth (ages 10-15) participated in one of six summer camps held in Nebraska during 2008. Results indicate that participants scored higher on the content posttest than the pretest. The study further examined the differential results. The article makes recommendations for further studies, while acknowledging the potential power of …

Enhancing Knowledge And Agreement Among Ethnically And Economically Diverse Couples In Stepfamilies With The Smart Steps: Embrace The Journey Program, Brian Higginbotham, Francesca Adler-Baeder

Journal of Extension

Because of unique challenges associated with stepfamily living, couples in stepfamilies have distinct educational needs. Smart Steps is an innovative program that teaches relational knowledge and skills for couples and children in stepfamilies. Results from 195 ethnically and economically diverse participants attending Smart Steps classes at 11 different sites suggest that Smart Steps is effective in enhancing knowledge and agreement on stepfamily issues such as finances, parenting, and co-parenting with ex-partners.

World Heritage In A Changing Climate; The Potential For A Global Laboratory, Caithleen Daly

Conference papers

This paper presents ongoing research, partly undertaken on behalf of ICOMOS Ireland’s Sub-Committee on Climate Change and the Department of Environment Heritage and Local Government, into the effects of climate change on World Heritage (and proposed World Heritage) in Ireland. World Heritage sites in Ireland have been key to the formation of a cutting edge climate change monitoring project. The outlined monitoring scheme should form a legacy for the future, producing quantifiable data over the coming century, vital in the assessment of climate change impacts on cultural heritage. In turn this will enable the development of appropriate and sustainable management …

Improving Schizophrenia Diagnosis Through Biomarkers: An Upcoming Prospect, Syed Mohammad Asad Zaidi, Abdul Latif Bikak, Rameez-Ul Hassan

Medical College Documents

No abstract provided.

The Scale Of Population Structure In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Alexander Platt, Matthew Horton, Yu S. Huang, Yan Li, Alison E. Anastasio, Ni Wayan Mulyati, Jon Agren, Oliver Bossdorf, Diane Byers, Kathleen Donohue, Megan Dunning, Eric B. Holub, Andrew Hudson, Valerie Le Corre, Olivier Loudet, Fabrice Roux, Norman Warthmann, Detlef Weigel, Luz Rivero, Randy Scholl, Magnus Nordborg, Joy Bergelson, Justin O. Borevitz

Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences

The population structure of an organism reflects its evolutionary history and influences its evolutionary trajectory. It constrains the combination of genetic diversity and reveals patterns of past gene flow. Understanding it is a prerequisite for detecting genomic regions under selection, predicting the effect of population disturbances, or modeling gene flow. This paper examines the detailed global population structure of Arabidopsis thaliana. Using a set of 5,707 plants collected from around the globe and genotyped at 149 SNPs, we show that while A. thaliana as a species self-fertilizes 97% of the time, there is considerable variation among local groups. This level …

Swarming Of The Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) In Southern Mississippi, A. R. Lax, B. A. Wiltz

Midsouth Entomologist

Swarms of Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, (FST) in Southern Mississippi were monitored from mid-April through late June, 2007-2009. Distribution of swarming colonies was recorded at 69 traps within Poplarville (Pearl River County) and an additional 45-65 traps, along transects in Pearl River, Lamar, Forrest, and Stone Counties. Swarms were first detected during the week ending April 27 and continued through the final collection dates in late June. In Poplarville, FST colonies were ubiquitous, with 68 of 69 traps catching alates on at least one of the 2009 sampling dates. Along highway transects, FST was collected from 36% of …

The Regulatory Corner: Invasive Against Invasive—An Exotic Bug That Attacks An Invasive Weed, H. Fulton

Midsouth Entomologist

No abstract provided.