Digital Commons Network^™

The Pneumococcal Serine-Rich Repeat Protein Is An Intra-Species Bacterial Adhesin That Promotes Bacterial Aggregation In Vivo And In Biofilms, Carlos J. Sanchez, Pooja Shivshankar, Kim Stol, Samuel Trakhtenbroit, Paul M. Sullam, Karin Sauer, Peter W.M. Hermans, Carlos J. Orihuela

Biological Sciences Faculty Scholarship

The Pneumococcal serine-rich repeat protein (PsrP) is a pathogenicity island encoded adhesin that has been positively correlated with the ability of Streptococcus pneumoniae to cause invasive disease. Previous studies have shown that PsrP mediates bacterial attachment to Keratin 10 (K10) on the surface of lung cells through amino acids 273-341 located in the Basic Region (BR) domain. In this study we determined that the BR domain of PsrP also mediates an intra-species interaction that promotes the formation of large bacterial aggregates in the nasopharynx and lungs of infected mice as well as in continuous flow-through models of mature biofilms. Using …

The Cuban Embargo: Detrimental To Cuba, The United States, And Democracy, Mcclain Napier

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Inferring Predominant Pathways In Cellular Models Of Breast Cancer Using Limited Sample Proteomic Profiling, Yogesh M. Kulkarin, Vivian Suarez, David J. Klinke Ii

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Molecularly targeted drugs inhibit aberrant signaling within oncogenic pathways. Identifying the predominant pathways at work within a tumor is a key step towards tailoring therapies to the patient. Clinical samples pose significant challenges for proteomic profiling, an attractive approach for identifying predominant pathways. The objective of this study was to determine if information obtained from a limited sample (i.e., a single gel replicate) can provide insight into the predominant pathways in two well-characterized breast cancer models.

Methods

A comparative proteomic analysis of total cell lysates was obtained from two cellular models of breast cancer, BT474 (HER2+/ER+) and SKBR3 (HER2+/ER-), …

Balancing Consumer Protection And Scientific Integrity In The Face Of Uncertainty: The Example Of Gluten-Free Foods, Margaret Sova Mccabe

Law Faculty Scholarship

In 2009, gluten-free foods were not only "hot" in the marketplace, several countries, including the United States, continued efforts to define gluten-free and appropriate labeling parameters. The regulatory process illuminates how difficult regulations based on safe scientific thresholds can be for regulators, manufacturers and consumers. This article analyzes the gluten-free regulatory landscape, challenges to defining a safe gluten threshold, and how consumers might need more label information beyond the term "gluten-free." The article includes an overview of international gluten-free regulations, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rulemaking process, and issues for consumers.

A Fourth Amendment For The Poor Alone: Subconstitutional Status And The Myth Of The Inviolate Home, Jordan C. Budd

Law Faculty Scholarship

For much of our nation’s history, the poor have faced pervasive discrimination in the exercise of fundamental rights. Nowhere has the impairment been more severe than in the area of privacy. This Article considers the enduring legacy of this tradition with respect to the Fourth Amendment right to domestic privacy. Far from a matter of receding historical interest, the diminution of the poor’s right to privacy has accelerated in recent years and now represents a powerful theme within the jurisprudence of poverty. Triggering this development has been a series of challenges to aggressive administrative practices adopted by localities in the …

Vol. 35, No. 1: Winter 2010, School Of Medicine & Health Sciences

North Dakota Medicine Archive

No abstract provided.

A Network-Individual-Resource Model For Hiv Prevention, Blair T. Johnson, Colleen A. Redding, Ralph J. Diclemente, Brian S. Mustanski, Brian Dodge, Paschal Sheeran, Michelle R. Warren, Rick S. Zimmerman, William A. Fisher, Mark T. Conner, Michael P. Carey, Jeffrey D. Fisher, Ronald D. Stall, Martin Fishbein

Cancer Prevention Research Center Faculty Publications

HIV is transmitted through dyadic exchanges of individuals linked in transitory or permanent networks of varying sizes. A theoretical perspective that bridges key individual level elements with important network elements can be a complementary foundation for developing and implementing HIV interventions with outcomes that are more sustainable over time and have greater dissemination potential. Toward that end, we introduce a Network-Individual-Resource (NIR) model for HIV prevention that recognizes how exchanges of resources between individuals and their networks underlies and sustains HIV-risk behaviors. Individual behavior change for HIV prevention, then, may be dependent on increasing the supportiveness of that individual’s relevant …

Bovine Colostrum And Gene Expression In E. Coli., Savanna Love Schepis

Theses

Escherichia coli cause mastitis upon entry into the mammary gland. Colostrum is the first milk produced by the lactating mother and provides immune nutrients for protection of the newborn. Bacterial pathogenesis may be modulated by exposure to colostral components. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of host immune factors in colostrum on E. coli K-12 growth, RNA transcription, and gene expression. Samples of E. coli K-12 were grown to mid-log in LB (Luria Bertani) broth and colostrum-treated LB broth. One of each culture was heat shocked to create one control and three different treatments. Growth was …

Reporting Problems In Human Subjects Research: A Comparative Study, Dawn F. Underwood

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to discover whether differences exist among institutional review boards (IRBs) in categorizing and reporting problems in social science research to the Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP). IRBs were grouped by institutional size and type. The study also employed an experimental design to look for differences among those who reviewed a decision chart from OHRP (experimental group) and those who did not review the decision chart (control group). From a population of 474 IRB contacts at public, four-year institutions of higherEducation, 187 survey responses were received. Factorial ANOVA and independent measures t -tests were …

Berberine Inhibits Hiv Protease Inhibitor-Induced Inflammatory Response By Modulating Er Stress Signaling Pathways In Murine Macrophages, Weibin Zha, Guang Liang, Jian Xiao, Elaine Studer, Phillip B. Hylemon, William M. Pandak Jr., Guangji Wang, Xiaokun Li, Huiping Zhou

Microbiology and Immunology Publications

Background

HIV protease inhibitor (PI)-induced inflammatory response plays an important role in HIV PI-associated dyslipidemia and cardiovascular complications. This study examined the effect of berberine, a traditional herb medicine, on HIV PI-induced inflammatory response and further investigated the underlying cellular/molecular mechanisms in macrophages.

Methodology and Principal Findings

Cultured mouse J774A.1 macrophages and primary mouse macrophages were used in this study. The expression of TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA. Activations of ER stress and ERK signaling pathways were determined by Western blot analysis. Immunofluorescent staining was used to determine the intracellular localization of RNA binding protein …

Kick The Habit: A Un Guide To Climate Neutrality, United Nations

AALL Legal Website of the Month

Kick the Habit, is written by experts from many disciplines and various countries, with leading research organizations involved in preparing and reviewing the publication. It presents solutions, from reducing consumption and increasing energy efficiency to offsetting emissions via carbon trading schemes, for individuals, businesses, cities and countries plus other groups that have similar characteristics such as NGO and intergovernmental organizations. The book contains case studies, illustrations, maps and graphics and serves also as reference publication.

Uab Magazine - Fall 2010, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

UAB Magazine

No abstract provided.

Heroin Maintenance Treatment: Its Effectiveness And The Legislative Changes Necessary To Implement It In The U.S., Jessica G. Katz

Journal of Contemporary Health Law & Policy (1985-2015)

No abstract provided.

Learning From History: What The Public Health Response To Syphilis Teaches Us About Hiv/Aids, Edmund C. Tramont, Shant S. Boyajian

Journal of Contemporary Health Law & Policy (1985-2015)

No abstract provided.

Gay Labeling And Defamation Law: Have Attitudes Toward Homosexuality Changed Enough To Modify Reputational Torts?, Robert D. Richards

CommLaw Conspectus: Journal of Communications Law and Technology Policy (1993-2015)

No abstract provided.

The Promise And Personalized Medicine: Regulatory Controls And Tort Influences In The Context Of Personalized Risks And Benefits, Randy J. Prebula

Journal of Contemporary Health Law & Policy (1985-2015)

No abstract provided.

Concurrent Partnerships As A Driver Of The Hiv Epidemic In Sub-Saharan Africa? The Evidence Is Limited, Mark N. Lurie, Samantha R. Rosenthal

Health & Wellness Department Faculty Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Reducing The Incidence Of Intraventricular Catheter-Related Ventriculitis In The Neurology-Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit At A Tertiary Care Center In St Louis, Missouri: An 8-Year Follow-Up Study, Hitoshi Honda, Jeffrey C. Jones, Martha C. Craighead, Michael N. Diringer, Ralph G. Dacey, David K. Warren

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Detection Rates Of Congenital Heart Disease In Guatemala, Sara M. Trucco, Joaquin Barnoya, Luis A. Larrazabal, Aldo Castañeda, David F. Teitel

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Attributable Costs Of Enterococcal Bloodstream Infections In A Nonsurgical Hospital Cohort, Anne M. Butler, Margaret A. Olsen, Liana R. Merz, Rebecca M. Guth, Keith F. Woeltje, Bernard C. Camins, Victoria J. Fraser

Infectious Diseases Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Post-Project Assessment And Follow-Up Support For Community Managed Rural Water Systems In Panama , Ryu Suzuki

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

The Environmental Health (EH) program of Peace Corps (PC) Panama and a non-governmental organization (NGO) Waterlines have been assisting rural communities in Panama gain access to improved water sources through the practice of community management (CM) model and participatory development. Unfortunately, there is little information available on how a water system is functioning once the construction is complete and the volunteer leaves the community. This is a concern when the recent literature suggests that most communities are not able to indefinitely maintain a rural water system (RWS) without some form of external assistance (Sara and Katz, 1997; Newman et al, …

The Importance, Effects, And Ethics Of Bird Collecting, Kevin Winker, J. Michael Reed, Patricia Escalante, Robert A. Askins, Carla Cicero, Gerald E. Hough, John Bates

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

No abstract provided.

An Overview Of Tsca, Its History And Key Underlying Assumptions, And Its Place In Environmental Regulation, David Markell

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Enfermedad Respiratoria En Los Terneros Lecheros, Como Prevenirla, A. D. Garcia, A. R. Daly

Dairy Science Publication Database

La enfermedad respiratoria es la segunda causa de muerte (diarrea es la primera) en las terneras lecheras no destetadas. Los problemas respiratorios han aumentado en un 34 por ciento en los últimos 20 años, causando cerca de 21 por ciento de la mortandad de los terneros (NAHMS 2007). Las terneras que sobreviven continúan con un desempeño pobre al convertirse en vacas adultas. Para prevenir este problema, es importante tener en cuenta tanto causas predisponentes como determinantes.

Evaluating The Duration Of Post-Operative Cefuroxime Prophylaxis On Infectious Outcomes In Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Patients., Chad A. Knoderer, Michelle D. Berg, Andrea H. Webster, Elaine G. Cox

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Abstract of poster presented at: Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; May 2010; Vancouver, British Columbia.

Social Capital Influences In Women At Risk For Poor Pregnancy Outcomes, Jennifer James-Mesloh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Poor pregnancy outcomes such as prematurity, low birth weight and infant mortality are societal indicators of a nation’s health status. These indicators have remained at exceptionally high rates in the United States despite the levels of resources and technology. In the quest to understand that discrepancy, among the ranges of theories and models for explaining poor pregnancy outcomes an emerging concept is coming to attention: social capital. In order to test whether maternal social capital has an impact on pregnancy outcome, women in a Healthy Start program were surveyed over a 13-month period to assess their social capital levels and …

Reporting Problems In Human Subjects Research: A Comparative Study, Dawn F. Underwood

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to discover whether differences exist among institutional review boards (IRBs) in categorizing and reporting problems in social science research to the Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP). IRBs were grouped by institutional size and type. The study also employed an experimental design to look for differences among those who reviewed a decision chart from OHRP (experimental group) and those who did not review the decision chart (control group). From a population of 474 IRB contacts at public, four-year institutions of higher education, 187 survey responses were received. Factorial ANOVA and independent measures t-tests were …

Using R, Matt Bogard

Economics Faculty Publications

R is a statistical programming language with a command line interface that is becoming more and more popular every day. I have used R for data visualization, data mining/machine learning, as well as social network analysis. Initially embraced largely in academia, R is becoming the software of choice in various corporate settings.

Synthesis, Antiviral And Contraceptive Activities Of Nucleoside–Sodium Cellulose Sulfate Acetate And Succinate Conjugates, Hitesh K. Agarwal, Anil Kumar, Gustavo F. Doncel, Keykavous Parang

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Chemical conjugates between sodium cellulose sulfate (CS), displaying contraceptive and HIV-entry inhibiting properties, and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) (3′-azido-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine (AZT), 3′-fluoro-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine (FLT), or 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine (3TC)) were designed to simultaneously provide contraceptive and anti-HIV activity. Two linkers, acetate and succinate, were used to conjugate the nucleoside analogs with CS. The conjugates containing cellulose sulfate-acetate (CSA) (e.g., AZT–CSA and FLT–CSA) were found to be more potent than CS and other conjugates (e.g., AZT–succinate–CS, and FLT–succinate–CS). The presence of both sulfate and the acetate groups on cellulose were critical for generating maximum anti-HIV activity. In addition to showing equal potency against wild-type …

Do Relationships Matter? Assessing The Association Between Relationship Design And Contractor Performance, Anna A. Amirkhanyan, Hyun Joon Kim, Kristina T. Lambright

Public Administration Faculty Scholarship

Contracting relationships vary in the extent to which they are complete and involve formal contract specification as well as the extent to which they are based on strong relationships and rely on cooperation and trust. Where a contracting arrangement falls on these two continuums constitutes what this paper refers to as "relationship design" and is likely to impact contractor performance. We use data from a survey of child-care centers and Head Start agencies in Ohio to examine the association between the design of contracting relationships and contractor performance. Contractor performance is assessed in two ways: an objective measure of violations …