Digital Commons Network^™

The Human Oral Microbiome Database: A Web-Accessible Resource For Investigating Oral Microbe Taxonomic And Genomic Information, Tsute Chen, Wen-Han Yu, Jacques Izard, Oxana V. Baranova, Abirami Lakshmanan, Floyd E. Dewhirst

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

The human oral microbiome is the most studied human microflora, but 53% of the species have not yet been validly named and 35% remain uncultivated. The uncultivated taxa are known primarily from 16S rRNA sequence information. Sequence information tied solely to obscure isolate or clone numbers, and usually lacking accurate phylogenetic placement, is a major impediment to working with human oral microbiome data. The goal of creating the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD) is to provide the scientific community with a body site-specific comprehensive database for the more than 600 prokaryote species that are present in the human oral cavity …

Epidemiology Of Hepatitis B Among Professional Male Athletes In Qatar, Bruce H. Hamilton, Justin A. Paoloni, Hakim Chalabi

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To assess the Hepatitis B status of sportsmen competing in Qatar and to evaluate the risk of transmission. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study design, serological analysis was carried out on 780 sportsmen who attended the Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha Qatar, between March 2008 and February 2009 for a pre-participation screening. RESULTS: Hepatitis B infection prevalence of 2.2% and a lack of immunity in 53.3%. Highest rates of infection were observed in non-Qatari nationals, particularly those of African origin. There was no clear trend with age and immunity level, but cycling was found to have significantly higher …

Evaluating Microfossil Content Of Dental Calculus From Brazilian Sambaquis, Verônica Wesolowski, Sheila Maria Ferraz Mendonça De Souza, Karl Reinhard, Gregório Ceccantini

Karl Reinhard Publications

To date, limited numbers of dental calculus samples have been analyzed by researchers in diverse parts of the world. The combined analyses of these have provided some general guidelines for the analysis of calculus that is non-destructive to archaeological teeth. There is still a need for a quantitative study of large numbers of calculus samples to establish protocols, assess the level of contamination, evaluate the quantity of microfossils in dental calculus, and to compare analysis results with the literature concerning the biology of calculus formation. We analyzed dental calculus from 53 teeth from four Brazilian sambaquis. Sambaquis are the shellmounds …

Aba Criminal Justice Standards On The Treatment Of Prisoners, Margo Schlanger, Margaret C. Love, Carl Reynolds

Articles

or more than i O years, corrections professionals and others concerned about the treatment of prisoners have despaired over conditions in California's prisons. Crowding, violence, racial segregation, abysmal medical care, an obstructionist corrections union. and a state budget crisis have combined to bring the system to the point of constitutional meltdov,n. In 2008. a state appellate court found conditions of "'extreme peril to the safety of persons and property,'' and a three-judge federal court confirmed the existence of a "substantial risk to the health and safety of the men and women who work inside these prisons and the inmates housed …

Vaccine-Related Injuries: Why Canada Needs To Adopt A No-Fault Compensation Scheme In Light Of The New H1n1 Vaccine, Erin Fowler

Dalhousie Journal of Legal Studies

On June 11, 2009, the World Health Organization (“WHO”) declared the H1N1 influenza a pandemic. H1N1 is a strain of the influenza virus that, in the past, usually only affected pigs. In the spring of 2009, it emerged in people in North America. This is a new strain of influenza, and because humans have little to no natural immunity to this virus, it can cause serious and widespread illness. As of November 1, 2009, there were more than 440 000 laboratory-confirmed worldwide cases of pandemic influenza H1N1 and over 6000 deaths reported to WHO. In late October, the H1N1 vaccine …

Why You Should Care About The Threatened Middle Class, Jill Littrell, Fred Brooks, Jan Ivery, Mary L. Ohmer

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In the last two decades, the income and security of the individual middle class worker has declined and the gap between the middle class and the wealthy has widened. We explain how this is bad for democracy, the economy, and the aggregate health of the nation. We examine the governmental policies and interventions that increased the middle class following the depression and maintained its vigor through the post-World War II period. The impetus for these changes in governmental policies in the 1930s was to end the Great Depression. We pose the question of whether a nation can recover from a …

Developing Immunity: The Challenges In Mandating Vaccinations In The Wake Of A Biological Terrorist Attack, Lea Ann Fracasso

DePaul Journal of Health Care Law

No abstract provided.

Governance And Biosecurity: Strengthening Security And Oversight Of The Nation's Biological Agent Laboratories, Michael Greenberger, Talley Kovacs, Marita Mike

DePaul Journal of Health Care Law

No abstract provided.

2010/2012 University Of The Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School Of Dentistry Catalog, University Of The Pacific

Catalogue, Bulletin, Catalog

No abstract provided.

Human Coronaviruses Are Uncommon In Patients With Gastrointestinal Illness, Frank Esper, Zhen Ou, Yung T. Huang

Faculty Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Coronaviruses infect numerous animal species causing a variety of illnesses including respiratory, neurologic and enteric disease. Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are mainly associated with respiratory tract disease but have been implicated in enteric disease. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the frequency of coronaviruses in stool samples from children and adults with gastrointestinal illness by RT-PCR. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical samples submitted for infectious diarrhea testing were collected from December 2007 through March 2008. RNA extraction and RT-PCR was performed for stools negative for Clostridium difficile using primer sets against HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1. Clinical data from samples positive for coronaviruses were reviewed …

Biosecurity Principles: Protecting The Utah Turkey Industry, David Frame

All Current Publications

This publication lists the diseases that are potentially a threat to the Utah turkey industry and how these diseases can best be avoided.

An Exploration Of Health Professional Support For Breastfeeding, Barbara Whelan

Doctoral

Despite research consistently demonstrating the benefits of breastfeeding, Ireland has one of the lowest rates of breastfeeding in Europe with rates at discharge from hospital being 45% (Health Research and Information Division, 2009). Increasing emphasis is being placed on the role of health professionals in promoting and supporting breastfeeding (Sikorski et al., 2003). Little data are available in Ireland regarding health professionals’ perspectives on breastfeeding and women’s experience of professional support. The research consisted of two phases, a mixed methods study exploring health professional support for breastfeeding and an evaluation of an intervention to raise awareness of breastfeeding amongst health …

Experiences Of Pregnancy, Childbirth And Post-Partem Period In Urban And Suburban Immigrant Pakistani Women, Rubab I. Qureshi

Dissertations

A body of research suggests that immigrants arrive in the U.S. in good health, a healthy immigrant effect. As immigrants acculturate and absorb dominant cultural norms (measured by proxy variables such as language preference, employment, smoking and alcohol consumption), their health status deteriorates. There is a need to understand how immigrants adapt to a changed social and cultural environment and how this may influence health.

A study of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period in immigrant Pakistani women living in New Jersey explored the interface of culture, immigration and health. The study employed a three pronged approach. Census data were …

An Analysis Of The Influence Of Sampling Methods On Estimation Of Drug Use Prevalence And Patterns Among Arrestees In The United States: Implications For Research And Policy, Janine Kremling

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Using data from the Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) and the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) programs collected by the National Institute of Justice the question whether the drug estimates of DUF, using a non-probability sample, and the drug use estimates of ADAM, using a probability sample, yield substantially different results will be explored. The following main questions will be addressed using equivalence analysis: Are there substantial differences in the DUF and ADAM samples with regard to the drug use information obtained from arrestees at nine sites across the United States? The analysis suggests that the drug use information contained in …

May 31, 2010 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Eastern Europe And The Former Soviet Union Since The Fall Of The Berlin Wall: Review Of The Changes In The Environment And Natural Resources, Anil Markandya, Wan-Jung Chou

Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Papers

This paper reviews the environmental record of the transition countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia since the fall of the Berlin Wall, with a focus on areas of key concern to public policy at the present time. With the impacts of environment on public health being given the highest priority, we examined several associated health indicators at the national level, as well as looking at important environmental issues at the local level. In this respect, we focus on environmental problems related to air and water quality, land contamination, and solid waste management. Despite showing a highly differentiated performance across …

Organic Cation Transporter Preferentially Expressed In Hematopoietic Cells And Leukemias And Uses Thereof, Jeffrey A. Moscow, Xin Lu, Craig Jordan

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Patents

A novel organic cation transporter (OCT) gene, OCT 6, and use thereof is described. The OCT6 gene is preferentially expressed in human hematopoietic tissues, including CD34+ cells and leukemia cells. Its narrow tissue distribution, substrate specificity, and close homology to other cell membrane transporters make OCT6 an attractive target for the treatment of myeloid diseases.

Early Warning Systems: A Review, Joseph E. Quansah, Bernard Engel, Gilbert L. Rochon

Journal of Terrestrial Observation

No abstract provided.

The Adventure Of Helping Abroad: Experiences Providing Health Care In Ethiopia. Interview With Jeffrey Panzer, Md, And Erin Mc Carville, Mph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Hp Newsletter March 2010 Dowload Full Pdf

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Infrastructure Management In Reducing Hiv Disparities In Clinical Settings, Goulda Downer

National Minority AIDS Education and Training Center Publications

National Minority AIDS Education and Training Center (NMAETC) Howard University College of Medicine in Collaboration with the National Medical Association (NMA) and Clinical Directors Network, Inc. (CDN) presents a Symposium on The Role of Infrastructure Management in Reducing HIV Disparities in Clinical Settings

Epistatic Relationships Between Sara And Agr In Staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm Formation, Karen E. Beenken, Lara N. Mrak, Linda M. Griffin, Agnieszka K. Zielinska, Lindsey N. Shaw, Kelly C. Rice, Alexander R. Horswill, Kenneth W. Bayles, Mark S. Smeltzer

Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications

Background: The accessory gene regulator (agr) and staphylococcal accessory regulator (sarA) play opposing roles in Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. There is mounting evidence to suggest that these opposing roles are therapeutically relevant in that mutation of agr results in increased biofilm formation and decreased antibiotic susceptibility while mutation of sarA has the opposite effect. To the extent that induction of agr or inhibition of sarA could potentially be used to limit biofilm formation, this makes it important to understand the epistatic relationships between these two loci.

Methodology/Principal Findings: We generated isogenic sarA and agr mutants in clinical isolates of S. …

Relations Between Personality And Stressful Life Events, Mayumi Gianoli

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

There is some evidence for a relationship between personality or personality-disordered: PD) traits and stressful life events: SLE) among young adults. Yet, the issue of how personality dispositions may be related to SLEs among middle age and older adults remains unresolved. In this prospective study, both self- and informant-report data were collected to examine the relationship between personality or PD traits and SLEs, and how these personality dispositions may moderate the effect of SLEs. Data were collected from 213 participants and their informants as part of the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network: SPAN) study, a longitudinal study of personality …

Explanatory Models In Behavioral Endocrinology, Sylvia Rolloff

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

While the progress of science has been described by some as proceeding by a series of "crucial experiments," I claim that an important factor in the development of many scientific fields is that of what I call "crucial resolutions" of outstanding anomalies. In contrast to crucial experiments, crucial resolutions are proposed to solve persistent anomalies or conflicting theoretical positions - often in advance of experimental confirmation. I illustrate this point using specific examples from the history of endocrinology. I claim this general structure of explanatory models can serve as a template for philosophical and historical investigations in other scientific fields.

Development And Study Of Inhibitors Of Heat Shock Protein 70 Induction, Rongsheng Wang

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Tumor and cancer cells that over express heat shock protein 70: HSP70) are found to be multidrug resistant and thermo tolerant, creating a hurdle to existing therapy. Although HSP70 is recognized as an increasingly important drug target, the protein structure of this highly conserved chaperone remains challenging for direct targeting. An alternative strategy is to inhibit the transcription of HSP70. Among known small molecule inhibitors of HSP70 induction, quercetin has very low toxicity and has the advantage of being easily modified for structure-activity studies. One part of the dissertation focuses on the identification of quercetin derivatives with improved specificity and …

Soundings 2010-05, N/A N/A

Soundings

No abstract provided.

Ada News - 05/17/2010, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

May 17, 2010 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Polymorphism In The Duck Mx Gene And Association With Influenza Infection, Danielle M. Dillon

Biological Sciences

"Myxovirus-resistant (Mx) proteins are induced by interferon and inhibit viral replication as part of the innate immune response to viral infection in many vertebrates. Influenza A virus appears to be especially susceptible to Mx antiviral effects. We characterized exon 13 and the 3' UTR of the Mx gene in wild ducks, the natural reservoir of influenza virus and explored its potential relevance to influenza infection. We observed a wide range of intra- and interspecies variation. Total nucleotide diversity per site (π/bp) was 0.00 14, 0.0027, 0.0044, 0.005 1, and 0.0061 in mallards, northern shovelers, northern pintails, American wigeon, and American …

Thermal Limitations On Chinook Salmon Spawning Habitat In The Northern Extent Of Their Range, Samantha Kristin Decker

Fisheries

Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus) habitat models attempt to balance research efficiency with management effectiveness, however, model transferability between regions remains elusive. To develop efficient habitat models, we must understand the critical elements that limit habitat. At the northern edge of the geographic range for Chinook salmon, O. tschawytscha, water temperature is a probably a limiting habitat factor. This study investigated the spatial and temporal correspondence between water temperature and Chinook salmon spawning on the Chena River, Alaska. Water temperatures were monitored at 21 stations across 220 river kilometers during the 2006 and 2007 spawning seasons and compared to known thermal requirements …