Digital Commons Network^™

Checkup, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Checkup

No abstract provided.

Interferon Regulatory Factor 3-Dependent Pathways Are Critical For Control Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Central Nervous System Infection, Vineet D. Menachery, Tracy J. Pasieka, David A. Leib

Dartmouth Scholarship

The initiation of the immune response at the cellular level relies on specific recognition molecules to rapidly signal viral infection via interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3)-dependent pathways. The absence of IRF-3 would be expected to render such pathways inoperative and thereby significantly affect viral infection. Unexpectedly, a previous study found no significant change in herpes simplex virus (HSV) pathogenesis in IRF-3^−/− mice following intravenous HSV type 1 (HSV-1) challenge (K. Honda, H. Yanai, H. Negishi, M. Asagiri, M. Sato, T. Mizutani, N. Shimada, Y. Ohba, A. Takaoka, N. Yoshida, and T. Taniguchi, Nature 434:772-777, 2005). In contrast, the …

The Psychopathology Of Cinema: How Mental Illness And Psychotherapy Are Portrayed In Film, Lauren Beachum

Honors Projects

No abstract provided.

An Earth System Data Record For Land Surface Freeze/Thaw State, John S. Kimball, Kyle C. Mcdonald, Youngwook Kim, J. Lucotch, Joseph M. Glassy

Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group Publications

No abstract provided.

What Lies Beneath: Uncovering The Health Of Milwaukee's People, 1880-1929, Brigitte Marina Charaus

Dissertations (1934 -)

The true measure of a city's health is the health of its people. To truly understand how Milwaukee came to be known as the "healthiest city" in 1930, one must examine the health needs of common Milwaukeeans from 1880 to 1929. This study seeks to complement Judith Leavitt's pioneering work on public health in Milwaukee by presenting a picture, not of the politics of health reform, but of the personal side of health in the city.

Through an extensive examination of records including, but not limited to, coroner's reports, hospital records, personal correspondence, newspapers, cemetery data, and institutional records, a …

Abaton, 2010, Des Moines University

Abaton

Issue four of Des Moines University's literary review, Abaton published in Fall 2010.

The Guirr International Research Collaborations Project: Towards A Greater Understanding Of International Collaboration, James J. Casey Jr.

University of Dayton Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Human Oral Microbiome, Floyd E. Dewhirst, Tuste Chen, Jacques Izard, Bruce J. Paster, Anne C. R. Tanner, Wen-Han Yu, Abirami Lakshmanan, William G. Wade

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

The human oral cavity contains a number of different habitats, including the teeth, gingival sulcus, tongue, cheeks, hard and soft palates, and tonsils, which are colonized by bacteria. The oral microbiome comprises over 600 prevalent taxa at the species level, with distinct subsets predominating at different habitats. The oral microbiome has been extensively characterized by cultivation and culture-independent molecular methods such as 16S rRNA cloning. Unfortunately, the vast majority of unnamed oral taxa are referenced by clone numbers or 16S rRNA GenBank accession numbers, often without taxonomic anchors. The first aim of this research was to collect 16S rRNA gene …

Pathogens Of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Change In Northern China, Yan-Zi Yan-Zi Gou, Bo Liu, Lei Pan, Hai-Tao Yu, Jiu-Ping Wang, Ding-Cheng Wang

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To determine the identity of microorganisms isolated from patients diagnosed with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). METHODS: We reviewed cases diagnosed with SBP over a 14-year period. The medical records of 780 SBP-diagnosed patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites admitted to Tangdu Hospital, Xian, Shaanxi Province, China were retrospectively reviewed between January 1996 and December 2009. The patients were placed into 2 groups, and the clinical data were compared between the 2 groups. Ascitic fluid was collected from these patients and cultured for bacteria using the MicroScan WalkAway 40 system. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the ratio of …

Body Lice, Yersinia Pestis Orientalis, And Black Death, Mark Welford, Brian Bossak, Robert G. Mclean, Michael W. Fall, Michel Drancourt, Didier Raoult

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Letters exchanged on role of Y. pestis in European plague Black Death.

Our colleague and mentor David E. Davis researched and wrote in his retirement after years of research and reflection on rat ecology and rodent-borne diseases (3,4). Rattus rattus is commonly recognized as the vertebrate host of fl ea-borne plague that swept through Europe in the 1300s, killing >50% of the population. Davis believed this explanation did not fit what he knew of the ecologic requirements of fleas and black rats. He studied reports of archeologic excavations and reviewed poems, medieval bestiaries, and paintings and concluded that these rats …

Shedding And Serologic Responses Following Primary And Secondary Inoculation Of House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus) And European Starlings (Sturnus Vulgaris) With Low-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus, Nicole M. Nemeth, Nicholas O. Thomas, Darcy S. Orahood, Theodore D. Anderson, Paul T. Oesterle

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Waterfowl and shorebirds are well-recognized natural reservoirs of low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (LPAIV); however, little is known about the role of passerines in avian influenza virus ecology. Passerines are abundant, widespread, and commonly come into contact with free-ranging birds as well as captive game birds and poultry. We inoculated and subsequently challenged house sparrows (Passer domesticus) and European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) with wild-bird origin LPAIV H3N8 to evaluate their potential role in transmission. Oropharyngeal shedding was short lived, and was detected in more starlings (97.2%) than sparrows (47.2%; n = 36 of each). Cloacal shedding was …

Mathematical Manipulative Models: In Defense Of "Beanbag Biology", John R. Jungck, Holly Gaff, Anton E. Weisstein

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Mathematical manipulative models have had a long history of influence in biological research and in secondary school education, but they are frequently neglected in undergraduate biology education. By linking mathematical manipulative models in a four-step process-1) use of physical manipulatives, 2) interactive exploration of computer simulations, 3) derivation of mathematical relationships from core principles, and 4) analysis of real data sets-we demonstrate a process that we have shared in biological faculty development workshops led by staff from the BioQUEST Curriculum Consortium over the past 24 yr. We built this approach based upon a broad survey of literature in mathematical educational …

Life On The Periphery: The Effects Of Urbanization On Health In A Bidonville In Bamako, Mali, Adrienne Epstein Dit Raki Bah

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In the past decade, the world has crossed a threshold that a century ago would have seemed unimaginable: the majority of the global population now lives in cities.A startling pattern of rapid urbanization began in the final decades of the 20th century and continues today at a striking pace. The percentage of the global population residing in urban areas increased from 32 percent in 1955 to 47 percent in 2002, and is expected to reach 65 percent in 2015. This trend is particularly notable in the developing world, where an arrival of rural migrants in search of labor has caused …

Traditional Plant Use Of The Raglay In Cãu Gãy Village, Núi Chúa National Park, Alex Greene

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Members of the Raglay community of Cãu Gãy Village were interviewed to determine the extent and nature of their traditional reliance on plants. This community, located in the buffer zone of Núi Chúa National Park, was found to utilize 64 plant species for a wide variety of uses. Botanical specimens and photographs were used to identify 42 plants to species level, 13 to genus level, and 6 to family level, while 3 remained unidentified. For each plant, the Raglay name, local Vietnamese name, use, specific application, and preparation were documented, as well as any details of ritual or commercial significance. …

Learning Opportunities 2010/2011, Illinois Mathematics And Science Academy

Course Catalogs

The graduation requirements of the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy are in concert with those maintained by the State of Illinois with additional requirements as established by the IMSA Board of Trustees. Each semester students must take a minimum of 2.5 credits and a maximum of 3.5 credits. One-semester classes generally receive .5 credits and two semester classes (e.g., World Languages) generally receive 1.0 credit. Most students will take between 5 and 7 academic classes per semester. Fine Arts, Wellness, and Independent Study courses do not count towards the 2.5 credit minimum. However, if a student wishes to take 3.5 …

Enterococcus Faecalis Rnjb Is Required For Pilin Gene Expression And Biofilm Formation, Peng Gao, Kenneth L Pinkston, Sreedhar R Nallapareddy, Ambro Van Hoof, Barbara E Murray, Barrett R Harvey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pili in Gram-positive bacteria play a major role in the colonization of host tissue and in the development of biofilms. They are promising candidates for vaccines or drug targets since they are highly immunogenic and share common structural and functional features among various Gram-positive pathogens. Numerous publications have helped build a detailed understanding of pilus surface assembly, yet regulation of pilin gene expression has not been well defined. Utilizing a monoclonal antibody developed against the Enterococcus faecalis major pilus protein EbpC, we identified mutants from a transposon (Tn) insertion library which lack surface-exposed Ebp pili. In addition to insertions in …

Evaluation Of Pulmonary Hypertension Using The Right To Left Ventricular Diameter Ratio On Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography, Tetsuo Ichinose, Yuji Nakazato, Hiroyuki Daida, Youichi Katoh

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Objective: To assess the severity of a right heart overload due to pulmonary hypertension (PH), the estimated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) determined by echocardiography has generally been measured. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the right to left ventricular diameter (RV/LV) ratio determined with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and the RVSP by echocardiography. Methods and Materials: 63 patients were enrolled and placed in two groups consisting of those with or without a right heart overload that was defined as an RV pressure of more than 40 mmHg on echocardiography. PH was observed in …

Fourteenth Annual Scientific Meeting - Institute Of Cardiovascular Science And Medicine

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

No abstract provided.

Development Of Sustainability Indicators For Products And Processes, Sundeep Bodapati

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Significant increase in industrialization is a leading cause for the depletion of global resources and changes in the earth's atmosphere due to global warming. There has been a major concern for the manufacturing industry to deal with the above problems and this had led the researchers to focus on the area of sustainability. Sustainable development aims for the future, which is characterized by the interaction of the economic, environment and society. To enable the manufacturing companies to measure sustainability performance, developing the metrics for sustainability is critical. The purpose of this thesis is to review the indicators published in the …

Otolaryngologic Community-Acquired Mrsa Infections In A Suburban Private Practice, Gary Y. Shaw, Shari V. Montandon, Michael R. Driks

Student Publications

A retrospective review was conducted of all cases of head and neck community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections seen in the senior author's suburban private practice during a 12-month period. An office and hospital chart review was performed for all patients identified with culture-positive CA-MRSA infections. Several parameters were evaluated, including site of infection, prior therapy, imaging, comorbid disease, culture and sensitivities, surgical and medical management, and long-term results. Of the 10 patients identified, 3 had infections of nasal soft tissues, 3 had infections of the lips, 2 had infections of the paranasal sinus, 1 had an infection of the …

Importance Of Wildlife Disease Surveillance, Jerrold L. Belant, Amanda R. Deese

Human–Wildlife Interactions

A commentary on the importance of wildlife disease surveillance.

Vista: September 30, 2010, University Of San Diego

USD Vista (1965-)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Malaria On Hiv Viral Load And Maternal Outcomes In Hiv-Positive Pregnant Women Of Accra, Ghana, Johanna Kate Halfon

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

EFFECT OF MALARIA ON HIV VIRAL LOAD AND MATERNAL OUTCOMES IN HIVPOSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN OF ACCRA, GHANA Jana Halfon, Elizabeth Levey, Margaret Lartey, Richard Adanu, Michael Ntimi, Larysa Aleksenko, Kwamena Sagoe, Patrick Kumi, Michael Cappello, and Elijah Paintsil (Sponsored by Elijah Paintsil, Yale School of Medicine, through the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation) HIV-1 positive pregnant women co-infected with malaria face increased risk of Mother-to-childtransmission (MTCT) of HIV. Placental malaria has been implicated, whether through an increase in placental or peripheral HIV viral load or a disruption of placental architecture. But the mechanism is not well understood. There are no studies …

The Expression Of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 And -2 In Olfactory Injury And Recovery, Stephen Bakos

Theses and Dissertations

The olfactory system has the remarkable capacity for neurogenesis following injury. However, the molecular mechanisms important for reinnervation of the olfactory bulb (OB) remain unknown. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important components in many central nervous system (CNS) injury paradigms, yet remain unexplored in olfactory injury and recovery. To address the role of MMPs, the temporal expressions of MMP-9 and MMP-2 were examined in 3 olfactory injury models: nerve transection (NTx), methyl bromide gas (MeBr) exposure, and nerve transection with Teflon barrier (NTx-TB). Each injury model represents a different degree of olfactory injury and neuronal recovery. In NTx, sensory axons …

Ethical Considerations In Access To Experimental Drugs For Treatment Use, Sonja Rakowski

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Do dying patients have a moral claim to access experimental drugs when all else has failed? This question has been the focus of an active and evolving debate concerning the rights of terminally ill patients, the nature of the drug development process, and the scope of federal regulation, with supporters arguing that seriously ill patients should be able to decide for themselves whether and when to attempt experimental therapies and opponents arguing that the resulting state of affairs would be disastrous for patient safety and for the integrity of the drug development process. This thesis concerns the ethical considerations surrounding …

Hypertension In Haemodialysis, Jawad K. Manuti

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Relevant factors involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension among dialysis patients include sodium and water retention, dialysate composition and prescription, increased activity of vasoconstrictive systems(sympathetic nervous system, rennin-angiotensin system, endothelin and vasopressin), decrease activity of vasodilatory systems(nitric oxide, kinins), increased intracellular calcium, increased arterial stiffness, sleep apnea, hyperparathyroidism, erythropoietin and renovascular disease OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of hypertension among uremic patients undergoing haemodialysis and to assess difference of blood pressure reading before and after dialysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 140 patients with chronic renal failure ´ renal failure on regular haemodialysis. blood …

Cephalosporins Susceptibility Test In Urinary Tract Infection, Mithaq Sabeeh Al-Nassiry, Haider Hashim Zalzala

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: This study was conducted at the Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital to determine the resistance patterns to cephalosporins of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs). A total of 270 urine specimens were collected from February, 2008 to May, 2008. OBJECTIVE: Determination the Resistance patterns to cephalosporins in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from urinary tract infection. METHODS: Urine specimens were processed for culture, and susceptibility testing using Kirby-Bauer method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by twofold dilution. RESULT: Escherichia coli was found to be the most organism, followed by Klebsiella spp. The results of susceptibility of …

Routine Opt-Out Hiv Testing In Jails: Findings From Two Prospective Controlled Trials, Ravi Kavasery

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: Tens of millions of Americans enter jails annually. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention now recommends routine HIV testing in prisons and jails. The logistics for performing routine HIV testing within jails, however, remains controversial. Specific Aims: 1) To simulate and explore the feasibility of future implementation of a routine opt-out HIV testing protocol using rapid testing methods in the often-chaotic jail setting. 2) To evaluate the optimal time to perform routine HIV testing among inmates who are competent to consent to testing, in a manner that not only maximizes public health but also attends to the safety …

High Hopes: Public Health Approaches To Reducing The Need For Health Care, Michele J. Orza

National Health Policy Forum

Driven in part by a desire to contain health care costs, policymakers are looking beyond medical care for opportunities to reduce the need for expensive services. This paper briefly reviews current public health concepts and strategies for improving health that emphasize nonmedical factors such as behavior, socioeconomic status, and environment. It also provides examples of how these concepts and strategies undergird many of the public health provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, other legislation, and several programs and initiatives. These concepts include prevention, health in all policies, global health, the One Health Initiative, and climate change and …

Factors Associated With The Acquisition And Severity Of Gestational Listeriosis, M. M. Suyemoto, P. A. Spears, T. S. Hamrick, J. A. Barnes, E. A. Havell, P. E. Orndorff

Osteopathic Medicine, Jerry M. Wallace School of

No abstract provided.