Digital Commons Network^™

Why Do States That Oppose Nuclear Proliferation Resist New Nonproliferation Obligations?: Three Logics Of Nonproliferation Decision-Making, Andrew Grotto

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

Why do states that oppose nuclear proliferation resist initiatives to strengthen the nonproliferation regime? There is virtually universal support for the basic principle of nonproliferation - all countries but four are states-party to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). Yet enthusiasm among NPT parties for proposals to strengthen the nonproliferation regime varies widely even as new challenges highlight dangerous gaps in the regime.

There is something approaching consensus among scholars and policy-makers that many states resist proposals to strengthen the nonproliferation end of the NPT bargain largely because America and other nuclear-weapon states haven't made satisfactory progress towards nuclear disarmament. I suggest …

Native Daughters, Christina Devries, Jordan Pascale, Shannon Smith, Katie Stearns, Carson Vaughan, Molly Young, Clay Lomneth, Alan Eno, Astrid Munn, Matt Buxton, Judi M. Gaiashkibos, Shannon Smith, Hannah Peterson, Elizabeth Gamez, Maggie Liggett, Katie Stearns, Natasha Richardson, Johnna Hjersman, Krista Vogel, Elizabeth Gasaway, Charlie Pfister, Matt Buxton, Anthony Troester, Christine Lesiak, Scott Winter, John Wunder, Joe Starita, Princella Parker, Nancy Kelsey

College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Student Media

For almost two years, Nebraska’s College of Journalism and Mass Communications has benefited from this perfect storm, riding a project wave dedicated to a singular idea: You can’t really understand American history without understanding Native American history. And you can’t understand Native American history without understanding the critical role Native women have played in defining, enriching and protecting that history. Underwritten by a $125,000 Carnegie Foundation grant, this journalism project is intended to substantially raise the profile of Native Daughters. To that end, the college enrolled two dozen of its best and brightest students – reporters, photographers, videographers, Web masters, …

Displaced: Stories Of Struggle In South Africa, Sarah Bryant, Shannon Lauber, Christina Devries, Jenna Gibson, Logan Meier, Anna Mostek, Kate Veik, Chris Slaughter, Vanessa Skocz, Chelsey Manhart, Bruce Thorson, Charlie Mitchell

College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Student Media

In June 2008, a group from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln — two advisers, seven student photographers, two student reporters and one student videographer — traveled to South Africa for 18 days. Their project, which had been in the making for the previous six months, focused on documenting immigration issues in South Africa. Howard Buffett, a documentary photographer, funded the trip, which was a partnership involving UNL, Arizona State University and the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. The group arrived in South Africa amidst the aftermath of xenophobic violence that tore through the country in the several weeks leading up …

Front, North American Bird Bander

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Front 35-2.Pdf, North American Bird Bander

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Front, North American Bird Bander

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Front, North American Bird Bander

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

The Globin Gene Family Of The Cephalochordate Amphioxus: Implications For Chordate Globin Evolution, Bettina Ebner, Georgia Panopoulou, Serge N. Vinogradov, Laurent Kiger, Michael C. Marden, Thorsten Burmester, Thomas Hankeln

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

The lancelet amphioxus (Cephalochordata) is a close relative of vertebrates and thus may enhance our understanding of vertebrate gene and genome evolution. In this context, the globins are one of the best studied models for gene family evolution. Previous biochemical studies have demonstrated the presence of an intracellular globin in notochord tissue and myotome of amphioxus, but the corresponding gene has not yet been identified. Genomic resources of Branchiostoma floridae now facilitate the identification, experimental confirmation and molecular evolutionary analysis of its globin gene repertoire.

Results

We show that B. floridae harbors at least fifteen paralogous globin genes, …

Comparison Of Mitotic Cell Death By Chromosome Fragmentation To Premature Chromosome Condensation, Joshua B. Stevens, Batoul Y. Abdallah, Sarah M. Regan, Guo Liu, Steven W. Bremer, Christine J. Ye, Henry H. Heng

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Mitotic cell death is an important form of cell death, particularly in cancer. Chromosome fragmentation is a major form of mitotic cell death which is identifiable during common cytogenetic analysis by its unique phenotype of progressively degraded chromosomes. This morphology however, can appear similar to the morphology of premature chromosome condensation (PCC) and thus, PCC has been at times confused with chromosome fragmentation. In this analysis the phenomena of chromosome fragmentation and PCC are reviewed and their similarities and differences are discussed in order to facilitate differentiation of the similar morphologies. Furthermore, chromosome pulverization, which has been used almost …

From The Bottle To The Grave: Realizing A Human Right To Breastfeeding Through Global Health Policy, Benjamin Mason Meier, Miriam Labbok

Case Western Reserve Law Review

No abstract provided.

State Of The Fisheries And Aquatic Resources Report 2009/10, W.J Fletcher, K. Santoro

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

As outlined in the CEO’s overview, this year’s renamed State of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Report 2009/10 reflects that the Department of Fisheries has now fully adopted an Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) framework as the basis for management of Western Australia’s aquatic resources (Fletcher, et al., 20101). Consequently, the format for this document has been updated so that it is consistent with this risk-based approach to resource management.

Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques For Chronic Pain In Adults, Neil E. O'Connell, Benedict M. Wand, Louise Marston, Sally Spencer, Lorraine H. De Souza

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Description of the condition: Chronic pain is a common problem. When defined as pain of greater than three months duration, prevalence studies indicate that up to half the adult population suffer from chronic pain, and 10 to 20% experience clinically significant chronic pain (Smith 2008). In Europe 19% of adults experience chronic pain of moderate to severe intensity with serious negative implications for their social and working lives and many of these receive inadequate pain management (Breivik 2006). Chronic pain is a heterogenous phenomenon that results from a wide variety of pathologies including chronic tissue injury such as arthritis, peripheral …

Dietary Patterns And Markers For The Metabolic Syndrome In Australian Adolescents, Gina L. Ambrosini, Rae-Chi Huang, Trevor A. Mori, Beth P. Hands, Therese O'Sullivan, Nicholas H. De Klerk, Lawrence J. Beilin, Wendy H. Oddy

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Background and Aims: Overweight and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as their clustering, or the metabolic syndrome, are increasingly prevalent among children and adolescents. We examined dietary patterns, CVD risk factors, and the clustering of these risk factors, in 1139 14 year olds living in Western Australia.

Methods and Results: Usual dietary intake was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Two dietary patterns, ‘Western’ and ‘Healthy’, were identified using factor analysis. Associations between these dietary patterns and BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting levels of serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, HDL C, LDL C, triglycerides …

A Cell Autonomous Role For The Notch Ligand Delta-Like 3 In Αβ T- Cell Development, Gerard F. Hoyne, Gavin Chapman, Yovina Sontani, Sharon E. Pursglove, Sally L. Dunwoodie

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Notch signalling is critical to help direct T-cell lineage commitment in early T-cell progenitors and in the development of αβ T-cells. Epithelial and stromal cell populations in the thymus express the Notch DSL (Delta, Serrate and Lag2) ligands Delta-like 1 (Dll1), Delta-like 4 (Dll4), Jagged 1 and Jagged 2, and induce Notch signalling in thymocytes that express the Notch receptor. At present there is nothing known about the role of the Delta-like 3 (Dll3) ligand in the immune system. Here we describe a novel cell autonomous role for Dll3 in αβ T-cell development. We show that Dll3 cannot activate Notch …

Geographic And Breed Distribution Patterns Of An A/G Polymorphism Present In The Mx Gene Suggests Balanced Selection In Village Chickens, S. Ommeh, L. N. Jin, H. Eding, F. C. Muchadeyi, S. Sulandari, M. S.A. Zein, G. Danbaro, C. E. Wani, S. G. Zhao, Q. H. Nie, X. Q. Zhang, M. Ndila, R. Preisinger, G. H. Chen, I. A. Yousif, K. N. Heo, S. J. Oh, M. Tapio, D. Masiga, O. Hanotte, H. Jianlin, S. Weigend

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

An A/G Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) at position 1,892 of the Mx gene coding sequence has been linked to susceptibility/resistance to avian viral infection in vitro. Using PCR-RFLP and sequencing methods, 1,946 samples from 109 populations from Asia, Africa and Europe; grouped as indigenous village, commercial, fancy chicken as well as wild junglefowl were genotyped for the polymorphism. Allele and genotype frequencies were calculated. Only the G allele was present in Ceylon junglefowl Gallus lafayetti. Using the wild red junglefowl G. gallus population as reference, we assessed if the A/G alleles and genotypes frequencies have been affected by the breeding …

Do New Access And Benefit Sharing Procedures Under The Convention On Biological Diversity Threaten The Future Of Biological Control?, Matthew J.W. Cock, Joop C. Van Lenteren, Jacques Brodeur, Barbara I.P. Barratt, Franz Bigler, Karel Bolckmans, Fernando L. Cônsoli, Fabian Haas, Peter G. Mason, José Roberto P. Parra

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) countries have sovereign rights over their genetic resources. Agreements governing the access to these resources and the sharing of the benefits arising from their use need to be established between involved parties [i. e. Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS)]. This also applies to species collected for potential use in biological control. Recent applications of CBD principles have already made it difficult or impossible to collect and export natural enemies for biological control research in several countries. If such an approach is widely applied it would impede this very successful and environmentally safe pest …

Destination Competitiveness: An Analysis Of The Characteristics To Differentiate All-Inclusive Hotels & Island Destinations In The Caribbean, Leiseth Chambers

Theses

Purpose - Tourism is the mainstay of most islands within the Caribbean encompassing a great segment of their services industry. However, despite increasing maturity in the research literature about destination competitiveness, analyzing it from the hospitality professional's perspective remains a novel concept in research for destinations in the Caribbean region. In light of this, the purpose of this study is to identify the distinguishing factors determining the competitiveness of Small Island Destinations within the Caribbean. Specifically, the research examined the features, experiences and strategies that all-inclusive hotels and resorts use to differentiate themselves from other properties within their island and …

Revue Sélective De La Littérature (1995 À 2009) Sur La Cancérogénicité Du Trichloroéthylène (Tce), Pete Watts, Dick Heederik, G.B.G.J. (Frits) Van Rooy

États de la question, rapports d’expertise et revues de littérature

L'Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST) a chargé des scientifiques de l'Université d'Utrecht aux Pays-Bas et de Toxicology Advice & Consulting Ltd.au Royaume-Uni de réaliser une revue sélective de la littérature sur la cancérogénicité dutrichloroéthylène (trichloroéthène; TCE; numéro d'enregistrement CAS : 79-01-6).La tâche consistait plus précisément à examiner les plus récents documents, publiés au cours des10 à 15 dernières années, soit depuis la plus récente évaluation du potentiel cancérogène du TCE réalisée par les experts d'un groupe de travail du Centre international de Recherche sur le Cancer(IARC, 1995). Les études épidémiologiques informatives publiées depuis …

The Role Of The Methyl Dna Binding Domain Protein 2 (Mbd2) In Breast Cancer, Omar Mian

Theses and Dissertations

Methyl-CpG Binding Proteins (MCBPs) are thought to function as the interpreters of epigenetic information encoded in cytosine methylation. Their ability to translate DNA methylation into local transcriptional repression has sparked interest in the role of Methyl-Binding Domain Proteins (MBDs) in cancer, where repatterning of CpG methylation is common. In this dissertation I summarize and discuss observations made in the Ginder Lab linking MCBPs to the progression of neoplastic disease. It is clear from our work that the Methyl Binding Domain Protein 2 (MBD2) is necessary for the persistent repression of critical tumor suppressor genes in breast cancer. We show that …

Dendritic Spine Density Varies Between Unisensory And Multisensory Cortical Regions, Moazzum Bajwa

Theses and Dissertations

In the brain, the dendritic spine is a point of information exchange that extends the neuronal surface on which synapses occur, as well as facilitates and stabilizes those contacts. Furthermore, dendritic spines dynamically change in shape and number in response to a variety of factors. Dendritic spine numbers are reduced in mental retardation, enhanced during development, sensory enrichment or physical exercise, or fluctuate during the reproductive cycle. Thus, for a given neuron type, it might be expected that dendritic spine number might achieve a dynamic optimum. Indeed, many studies of spine density of pyramidal neurons in sensory cortex indicate that …

Ipla2Β, Alternative Splicing And Apoptosis Of Pancreatic Islets, Bhargavi Emani

Theses and Dissertations

Ceramides are bioactive lipids that can promote splicing of apoptosis-related genes, including caspase 9 and BCL-x. A recent study demonstrated that expression of neutral sphingomyelinase (NSMase), an enzyme that hydrolyzes sphingomyelins to generate ceramide, is regulated by Group VIA phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β)-dependent mechanism during β-cell apoptosis. This prompted us to hypothesize that iPLA2 is upstream of ceramide generation in the process regulating splicing of apoptotic genes. To test this, Jurkat T cells were treated with the selective inhibitor of iPLA2β, bromoenol lactone (BEL), RNA was isolated and converted to cDNA, and caspase 9 and BCL-x mRNA viii species were amplified …

Influence Of Retinal States On The Development And Maintenance Of Retinofugal Projections, Duncan Morhardt

Theses and Dissertations

Vision provides a critical interface with the physical world. This work examines visual development and vision loss in mice to glean the influence of the retinal state on visual connections. I first assessed the impact of retinal activity on the eye-specific segregation of retinal afferents in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of young Gβ5 -/- mice. Gβ5 is the fifth member of the β subfamily of heterotrimeric G proteins. Gβ5 binds and stabilizes the R7 family of regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS), which accelerate Gi/o GTP hydrolysis. Gβ5 -/- mice, which lack R7RGS activity, have malformed synapses in the outer …

Novel Cinnamic Acid-Based Dehydropolymers For Emphysema: In Vitro And In Vivo Assessment Of Their Activities, Bhawana Saluja

Theses and Dissertations

Pulmonary emphysema is a serious worldwide illness, causing progressive and irreversible alveolar wall loss and difficulty in breathing. It is caused mostly by cigarette smoking. However, its unresolved complex and multiple pathogenic mechanisms have left this disease without effective pharmacotherapy. This project hypothesized that cinnamic acid-based dehydropolymers (DHPs), originally discovered as novel anti-coagulants, protect against emphysema through their potent triple inhibitory actions against oxidative stress, inflammation and elastase, some of the pathogenic mechanisms associated with this disease. Three in vitro inhibitory activity assays for oxidative stress, lung inflammation and neutrophil elastase (NE) were developed and used to identify the most …

The Role Of Synaptically Evoked Plateau Potentials In Retinogeniculate Development, Emily Dilger

Theses and Dissertations

We study the activity-dependent refinement of sensory systems by using the mouse retinogeniculate system as a model. Spontaneous retinal waves lead to robust excitatory post-synaptic activity in developing relay cells in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus and are reportedly needed to help guide the segregation of retinal inputs into eye-specific domains as well as for the pruning of extraneous retinal inputs onto single dLGN relay cells. The composition of retinally evoked post-synaptic activity activated by these retinal waves in dLGN is largely unknown, but based on our in vitro recordings, such activity seems well suited to …

Patient Ventilator Dyssynchrony: Types, Frequency And Patterns In Critically Ill Adults, Karen Mellott

Theses and Dissertations

Patient ventilator dyssynchrony (PVD) occurs frequently, but little is known about the types, frequency and patterns of PVD for longer than 30 minutes. Deeper levels of sedation are associated with PVD. Evaluation of ventilator graphics and the ability to identify PVD should assist clinicians to optimize patient ventilator interactions and promote earlier interventions. The purpose of this study was to identify the different types, frequency and patterns of PVD in critically ill adults and determine the effect of sedation level on PVD. Thirty medical and surgical ICU adult patients were enrolled; 27 were used for analysis. Pressure/time and flow/ time …

Altered Interactions, Kristen Rego

Theses and Dissertations

Surrounding materials, signage, and detritus on the daily path offer plenty to look at, if not too much. The eye seeks comfort in its passive vision by ignoring its peripheries. Identification of my personal vision reveals itself through the manipulation of ignored material. I consider hand-made vs. machine made, singular vs. the multiple particularly in plastics, packaging and other utilitarian objects. Industrial processes influence my one-person operation. Understanding the way objects are made allows for an opportunity to connect with them. I’m already surrounded by them, the least I can do is get to know them better.

Dreamfall: The Fleeting-Ness Of Memory, Hon Chen

Theses and Dissertations

My work seeks to simulate the impermanence of memory, through the creation of structures and images that translate the mind’s formless but living past into physical material and sensation. The need to search for the missing six years of my childhood memories in Thailand has been the driving force behind the works, along with the lingering emotions of emptiness and unfulfillment. I create multimedia installations with materials, such as plaster, pvc panels, acrylic, polycrylic and dura-lar, to structurally realize a subject as intangible and elusive as memory. Issues of duality, identity, impermanence and memory are underlying themes for my thesis …

Journeys Into The Unknown: A Series Of Science Architecture Tasks And Events, Space-Bound Explorations And Far-Travels, Discoveries And Misses (Near And Far), Imaginative Space-Gazing And Related Investigations, Observations, Orbits, And Other Repetitious Monitoring Tasks, Leah Beeferman

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis expansively and inclusively puts forth the imaginings, research, processes and experiences behind my two thesis exhibitions, "Journeys into the unknown: a series of science architecture tasks and events, space-bound explorations and far-travels, discoveries and misses (near and far), imaginative space-gazing and related investigations, observations, orbits, and other repetitious monitoring tasks" and "Timed travel: asystematic accounts of regular and geometrical timekeeping, orbital flight, repetitive rotations and other journeys into actual time and slow space." It begins with an abstract interpretation of the dial: a tool not limited to scientific measurement but, instead, a gauge of an object’s overall position …

Intellectual Community Brochure, Curriculum Committee

Curriculum Committee Reports

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of The Effects Of The Human Head On Communication With Implanted Antennas, Michael A. Pecoraro

Theses

Cranially implanted sensors and electrodes have been used in practice for several years; their applications range from the recording of neural signals for use in Brain-Computer Interfaces to help the disabled, to the treatment of diseases and conditions ranging from Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, depression, etc. Current communication methods with implants, however, are lacking; they run the gamut from physical, percutaneous connections that increase the risk of infection, to wireless links that are slow and uncomfortable for patients. The present work focuses on the characterization of the effects of the human head on communication with cranially implanted antennas for its …