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Morphological Features Of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Immunoreactive Cells In The Mouse Islets Of Langerhans, A P Gesase, Y -I Satoh

Tanzania Journal of Science

The current immunohistochemical study used the antibody against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) to observe the immunoreactive elements in the mouse pancreas. The results indicated the presence of immunoreactive nerve fibers and endocrine cells. The immunopositive nerve fibers appeared as thick and thin bundles; thick bundles were seen to run along the blood vessels giving out fine fibers to the wall. Varicose nerve fibers were seen in the islets of Langerhans and also in close association with the exocrine endpieces. The TH immunoreactive cells were oval-round in shape and some showed the central non-staining area and the dense staining peripheral zone. More …

Mercury Contamination In Domestic Ducks In Geita, Northwest Tanzania, C Kinabo, H Lyatuu

Tanzania Journal of Science

Total mercury concentrations (THg) were determined in domestic ducks (Anas platyrhncha) tissues in Mgusu Village, Geita District NW Tanzania. Elevated mercury levels were found in all tissue samples and showed a trend of increasing mercury concentration with weight/age of the poultry. Highest total mercury (THg) levels (mg/kg) in domestic ducks were found in liver (ducklings: 30.5; juvenile: 254.1; mature ducks: 590.2), followed by gizzards (ducklings: 45.9; juvenile: 230.3; mature: 254.6), lungs (ducklings: 12.2; juvenile: 29.1; mature: 46.9) and feathers (ducklings: 0.1; juvenile: 62.1; mature: 198.3). Corresponding THg statistical values (mg/kg) for the tissues increased with age and weight. Highest THg …

Physico-Chemical Characteristics Of Storage-Ripened Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) Fruits Varieties Of Eastern Tanzania, O C Othman, G P Mbogo

Tanzania Journal of Science

Two mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit varieties, Dodo and Viringe, from two localities of Eastern Tanzania, (Muheza in Tanga and Ifakara in Morogoro), were harvested as mature green fruits during early, mid and late season and allowed to ripen while stored at room temperature. The fruits were analyzed for their proximate composition (ash, titratable acidity, crude fat, crude fibre, moisture), reducing and total sugars content, ascorbic acid and total soluble solids content, concentration of four macro elements (Ca, Mg, K, Na) and seven heavy metals (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn). The results showed that the mango fruits had …

Assessment Of Post-Harvest Technologies And Gender Relations In Maize Loss Reduction In Pangawe Village Eastern Tanzania, C P Rugumamu

Tanzania Journal of Science

In this paper the use of gender sensitive technologies in the reduction of post-harvest maize losses at farm level is advocated as a strategy for household food security. The study was conducted in Pangawe village, eastern Tanzania. It employed participatory approaches to investigate farmers’ perceptions on loss management. Storage trials were carried out to determine maize losses caused by insect pests in the sub-villages. Perceptions were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. ANOVA assessed losses in storage trials. Major post-harvest processes included farm field; en-route; homestead and storage. All activities except winnowing were carried out by both men and women at varying …

Physical And Chemical Composition Of Storage-Ripened Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) Fruits Of Eastern Tanzania, O C Othman

Tanzania Journal of Science

The proximate composition (ash, titratable acidity, crude fat, crude fibre, moisture and sugars), soluble solids, ascorbic acid, polyphenol oxidase activity, macro-nutrients and heavy metal contents of storage-ripened papaya (Carica papaya L.) fruits from Mbezi, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania were determined. The determinations were repeated for early, middle and late-season papaya fruits. The fruits were always harvested at the mature green stage and allowed to ripen during room temperature storage. The results showed that papaya fruits had high moisture content (>85.5%), low acidity (<0.18% c.a.), low crude fat (0.10 g/100 g-edible portion), moderate crude fibre (1.45 g/100 g-edible portion), high ascorbic acid content (>84.5 mg/100 g- fw), moderate total sugars (>13.0%) and soluble solids (>12.9%) content. Early-season …

Monitoring Of Heavy Metal Loading Into The Wetlands South Of Lake Victoria Basin, Nothern Tanzania, M K D Mutakyahwa, J R Ikingura, G Y S Mtui

Tanzania Journal of Science

The paper discusses sources, concentrations and physicochemical parameters of heavy metals of environmental concern in the wetlands of Lake Victoria basin in Tanzania. The metals investigated include copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co) and mercury (Hg). These metals are released into the wetlands via weathering and erosion of rock formations, mining operations and industrial activities, discharge of municipal and domestic waste, and use of agrochemicals. The levels of these heavy metals in soil, sediment, water, and biota differ. Wetlands impacted by gold mining activities in the South Lake …

Plants As A Source Of Green Corrosion Inhibitors: The Case Of Gum Exudates From Acacia Species (A. Drepanolobium And A. Senegal), J Buchweishaija

Tanzania Journal of Science

The inhibitive performance of gum exudates from Acacia drepanolobium and Acacia senegal from Tanzania, towards the corrosion of mild steel in fresh water has been investigated. The experimental methods include potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies. The results indicate that gum exudates (Acacia drepanolobium and Acacia senegal) exhibit good inhibition characteristics to corrosion on mild steel under fresh water medium and the inhibition efficiency of up to 90.7% and 99.7% respectively was attained at 30 oC. Furthermore, the studies have shown that the inhibition performance remained above 90% on both Acacia exudates independent of the raise in temperature. …

Synthesis And Coordination Chemistry Of New Oxazoline And Benzoxazole Based Ligands With Lanthanides, Edicome Cornel Shirima

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

In Chapter 1, a brief literature review on the chemistry of lanthanides (Ln) and actinides (An) is described. In addition, the coordination chemistry of lanthanides/actinides with various ligands comprised of organic backbones has also been described. In Chapters 2 and 3 the syntheses of oxazoline and benzoxazole ligands is described. Both ligands contain a hard donor group (P=O) and the nitrogen (N) atom from the heterocycle as a relatively softer donor atom. In Chapter 2 the oxazoline ligand was synthesized in two steps reaction that involves substitution with Ph₂P group and oxidation of the phosphine into P=O by …

Impact Of Change In Maternal Age Composition On The Incidence Of Caesarean Section And Low Birth Weight: Analysis Of Delivery Records At A Tertiary Hospital In Tanzania, 1999–2005, Projestine S. Muganyizi, Hussein Kidanto

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Background Previous studies on change in maternal age composition in Tanzania do not indicate its impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes. We sought to establish temporal changes in maternal age composition and their impact on annual Caesarean section (CS) and low birth weight deliveries (LBWT) at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania.

Methods We conducted data analysis of 91,699 singleton deliveries that took place in the hospital between 1999 and 2005. The data were extracted from the obstetric data base. Annual proportions of individual age groups were calculated and their trends over the years studied. Multiple logistic analyses were conducted to ascertain …

Anti-Mosquito And Antimicrobial Nor-Halimanoids, Isocoumarins And An Anilinoid From Tessmannia Densiflora, Charles Kihampa, Mayunga H.H. Nkunya, Cosam C. Joseph, Stephen M. Magesa, Ahmed Hassanali, Matthias Heydenreich, Erich Kleinpeter

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The nor-halimane diterpenoid tessmannic acid and its methyl, 2-methylisopropyl and 1-methylbutyl esters, the unusual isocoumarins 8-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3-pentylisocoumarin and 7-chloro-8-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3-pentylisocoumarin, and 5-pentyl-3-methoxy-N-butylaniline were isolated from the stem and root bark extracts of Tessmannia densiflora Harms (Caesalpiniaceae) that showed mosquito larvicidal activity. The structures were determined on interpretation of spectroscopic data. Tessmannic acid and its methyl ester exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activity. The compounds also caused high larvae and adult Anopheles gambiae mosquitoe mortality effects, and stronger mosquito repellency than that shown by the standard repellent DEET, hence indicating Tessmannia species to be potential sources of bioactive natural products. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. …

Aku-Nama : Summer 2009, Volume 2, Issue 1, Aga Khan University Alumni Association

The Aga Khan University Newsletter and Magazine for Alumni (AKU-NAMA)

No abstract provided.

Modelling Of Coal Slag Flow And Layer Thickness In A High Temperature Entrained Flow Gasifier, H. Katalambula

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

A 2-D model for the slag flow simulation in an entrained flow gasifier has been developed. In addition to mass, momentum and energy conservation equations, volume of fluid (VOF) equation was solved to track the liquid-gas interface. Liquid phase consists of melted coal ash particles which deposits on the wall and move downward. The gasification reaction is not considered here but it is postulated to have a mass flow through the interface towards the mass of the liquid phase. The reactor walls are usually kept cold so a temperature gradient and then a solid layer form within the slag layer. …

Auditing Of Traffic Signs And Road Markings In Dar Es Salaam City, Hannibal Bwire

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This study examines the efficacy of the traffic signs and road markings in Dar es Salaam City. The study focuses on the availability and conditions of traffic signs and road markings in some selected roads in the city. Auditing of traffic signs and road markings is carried out as one of the means of promoting road safety and improving road capacity in the city. The auditing procedure involved field studies through the use of traffic signs/markings checklists and ranking of road stretches according to the availability and conditions of traffic signs observed for improvement prioritization in case of financial constraints. …

The “Tea Cup Effect” And Removal Of Suspended Solids From Water, D.A. Mashauri

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Suspended solids problem in water is an issue as old as water treatment itself. Suspended solids can be causative to eroding through abrasion of impellers, pump casings, pipes and other water works related appurtenances. It is therefore appropriate that suspended solids must be removed as early as possible in the water works treatment facilities. It is usually done at the river/lake intakes to reduce the coarse particulate matter that would otherwise adversely affect the water works thereafter. The fine particles that will escape the entrapment at the intake works would therefore require further and more effective system that would remove …

Project Managers, Architects, And Engineers--Oh My! An Interdisciplinary Collaboration, David Lambert, Allen Estes, Craig Baltimore

Architectural Engineering

The Architectural Engineering (ARCE) Program at the California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo is creating a unique and novel interdisciplinary course where architecture, architectural engineering and construction management students collaborate to design and plan the construction of a building structure. The current plan is to develop a default interdisciplinary experience that can be taken by every student and then allow course substitutions for other options as they are created. This paper reports on one of those other options, specifically a unique real world, global, multi-disciplinary experience in East Africa that has resulted from a master’s degree project that …

June 10, 2009, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

Between Ambivalence And Necessity: Occlusions On The Path Toward A Basin-Wide Treaty In The Nile Basin, Takele Soboka Bulto

Colorado Environmental Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Cost-Sharing In Higher Education In Tanzania: The Experiences Of The 1990s And One Decade Later, Grace Khwaya Puja

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This article discusses the cost- sharing experiences of 73 Tanzanian female undergraduates who took part in a 1997 study. It also integrated views and suggestions of the 2007 students from the University of Dar es Salaam and Sokoine University of Agriculture, Mazimbu campus. The University of Dar es Salaam was closed in 2007 because First Year students boycotted classes to protest the government’s policy that required them to pay 40% for their higher education. I advocate for partnership in student financing and the introduction of graduate tax for recovering higher education students’ loans.

Cet article traite les expériences du partage …

Science Education Policy For Emergency, Conflict, And Post-Conflict: An Analysis Of Trends And Implications For The Science Education Program In Uganda, Betty Pacutho Udongo

Dissertations

This study analyzes the impact of armed conflicts on the development of education policy and particularly science education program in Uganda. Since independence from the British colonial rule, Uganda has experienced a series of armed conflicts, with the most devastating being the 21 years of conflict in Northern Uganda.

The research study was guided by the following questions: (1) What is the level of government funding towards improving science education program in Uganda? (2) Have recent initiatives, such as free Primary and Secondary education, compulsory science, and 75% sponsorship for science-based courses, had a measurable impact on the proportion of …

Facilitating Access To Dispute Settlement For African Members Of The For African Members Of The World Trade Organization, Michelle Sanson

Indian Journal of International Economic Law

The reasons why African Member States have not pursued a single formal complaint since the inception of the WTO legal system are complex and multilayered. They may be characterised as four key barriers: first, the significant cost and high levels of expertise in law and economics required; second, the lack of appropriate domestic mechanisms such as legislation implementing WTO law, procedures for receipt and investigation of complaints, and avenues for raising industry awareness; third, the inadequate remedy of trade sanctions under the dispute settlement mechanism; and fourth, issues of politics, arising from the power imbalance between donor and donee nations, …

Facilitating Access To Dispute Settlement Facilitating Access To Dispute Settlement For African Members Of The For African Members Of The World Trade Organization, Michelle Sanson

Indian Journal of International Economic Law

The reasons why African Member States have not pursued a single formal complaint since the inception of the WTO legal system are complex and multilayered. They may be characterised as four key barriers: first, the significant cost and high levels of expertise in law and economics required; second, the lack of appropriate domestic mechanisms such as legislation implementing WTO law, procedures for receipt and investigation of complaints, and avenues for raising industry awareness; third, the inadequate remedy of trade sanctions under the dispute settlement mechanism; and fourth, issues of politics, arising from the power imbalance between donor and donee nations, …

Obama, Africa, And The Post-Racial, Michael Janis

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In his article "Obama, Africa, and the Post-Racial" Michael Janis examines aspects of U.S. president Barack Obama's election in the context of the epistemology and history of racism. Following an introduction to the history of racism in Europe and in the U.S., Janis discusses the media in the U.S. and in Africa in relation to African American and African politics. The debates on race ignited by the campaign are considered in the light of Africana perspectives on relations between Africa and the West and on the history of slavery and colonialism. Based on selected data in the media of the …

University Of Richmond Commencement Exercises Program - 2009

Commencement Programs

University of Richmond Commencement Exercises Program, 2009. Including Conferring of Degrees to School of Arts and Sciences Graduate School: Master of Arts, and Master of Liberal Arts; The E. Claiborne Robins School of Business The Richard S. Reynolds Graduate School: Master of Accountancy, and Master of Business Administration; School of Arts & Sciences: Bachelor of Arts, and Bachelor of Science; The E. Claiborne Robins School of Business: Bachelor of Science in Business Administration; Jepson School of Leadership Studies: Bachelor of Arts.

The Ambassador's Residence At 909 West Franklin, Jonathan Janis

Theses and Dissertations

In redesigning the century old Scott House into a modern Class IV residence of an US Ambassador, his/her family, and staff the concepts of transparency, circulation, and materiality and the ideas of openness and design as a display of national identity are explored.

A Review Of Endemic Species In The Eastern Arc Afromontane Region: Importance, Inferences, And Conservation, Carl Skarbek

Macalester Reviews in Biogeography

The Eastern Arc mountain region has been identified as one of the top 25 biodiversity “hotspots” worldwide, and contains a large proportion of endemic species. The endemic species are invaluable resources. This review paper will explore and discuss the possible theories behind the high rate of endemism. The importance of these endemics to local peoples and to the greater global community has been studied thoroughly, and these results are presented in further detail in this paper. The Eastern Arc is also facing many problems that are threatening the biodiversity and rare endemic species of this region. Human expansion into natural …

Between Ambivalence And Necessity: Occlusions On The Path Toward A Basin-Wide Treaty In The Nile Basin, Takele Bulto

Colorado Environmental Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Echo: May 1, 2009, Taylor University

2008-2009 (Volume 96)

Marion Meijer officially opens – In Brief – Students consider graduate schools – Arthur Hodson: the gift of a lifetime – A look back at Social Justice Week – The Bubble – ‘Swine flu’ raises pandemic fears – World Voices – Moeschberger selected for South African ‘public theology’ conference – Around the World in 30 Seconds – Prince Kaboo Crew Men of Morris – Foundation – Sammy II – The Brotherhood… and the Doctrine of the Triumvirate – Penthouse: an option for residency – Ladies and Gentlemen… The Snake – TV Feature – South Park Season 13 – This week …

The Projected And Perceived Image Of The United Republic Of Tanzania, Tammy Reiko Koerte

CFS Honors Program Undergraduate Theses

While Tanzania has enjoyed increasing popularity as a tourism destination, there is a lack of research on Tanzania's tourism image. Tanzania 's tourism growth, however, depends upon the congruency of its projected and perceived images.

This research examines the government's projected image of Tanzania and measures its congruency with the image perceived by past visitors to Tanzania. The study utilized the Tanzania Tourist Board and Tanzania Travel and Tourism Online websites as well as 364 blogs on travel to Tanzania between 2003 and 2008 from TravelPod.

This research presents valuable information on the congruency of Tanzania's images and identifies the …

Effect Of Work Intensification And Work Extensification On Women’S Health In The Globalised Labour Market, Jinky Leilanie Lu

Journal of International Women's Studies

This study examined the association between labour intensification due to work intensification and work extensification and ill health in women in certain manufacturing work in the Philippines. Work intensification is defined as more workload for each worker, and work extensification as less deadtime or work rest and more overtime. The sample was 23 establishments and 630 respondents. Workplace environment monitoring showed exposure to hazards such as noise, chemicals, poor ventilation, and poor illumination. The most prevalent illnesses and health problems were headache and coughs and colds. Results of focus group discussions showed adverse work conditions, hazard exposures among women workers, …

Constructions Of Disease In Mayo Village, Rachel Eades

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Understanding how individuals and institutions negotiate illness and construct ideas about disease is important to public health efforts across the globe. Countries in sub-Saharan Africa suffer from a variety of health problems that many regions of the world have long since eradicated. Economic hardship, combined with high rates of communicable diseases, food poverty, lack of sanitation, and poor water quality make countries in sub-Saharan Africa some of the poorest and sickest in the world. Tanzania is a prime example. The purpose of this study was to explore how people in one rural, Tanzanian village construct ideas about disease – its …