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2009

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The Wooster Voice (Wooster, Oh), 2009-04-17, Wooster Voice Editors Apr 2009

The Wooster Voice (Wooster, Oh), 2009-04-17, Wooster Voice Editors

The Voice: 2001-2011

This edition of the College of Wooster's student run newspaper was published on April 7 of 2009 and it is eight pages long. Classes will be cancelled on April 24 for IS Symposium. Candy Zimmerman and Mark Watts are the new owners of the Shack as of March 3. The Shack has been a part of the college campus since it opened in 1915. The Beall Avenue Streetscape project, which began last summer, is well under way and is supposed to be completed in December. NASA will be naming an orbital exercise machine for astronauts after Stephen Colbert. The Wooster …

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Flyer News, Vol. 56, No. 39 (April 17, 2009), University Of Dayton Apr 2009

Flyer News, Vol. 56, No. 39 (April 17, 2009), University Of Dayton

Flyer News

Student-run newspaper of the University of Dayton.

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The Preliminary Assessment And Incidence Of Sexual Identity Issues At Liberty University, Jessica L. Buker Apr 2009

The Preliminary Assessment And Incidence Of Sexual Identity Issues At Liberty University, Jessica L. Buker

Senior Honors Theses

Currently, homosexual identity development is discussed through various models: stage model theory and milestone events. Different researchers propose their own models of homosexual identity development. These models may have different stages, but have the same underlying themes which are acceptance, attitude changes, frequent disclosure, and increased social contact with other homosexuals. There was a great need to develop an appropriate measure of homosexuality to be used by the Student Care Office at Liberty University. The measure could be used to asses and obtain a preliminary measure of incidence of the people who met our criteria for being included in the …

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Occurrence Of Mitochondria-Targeted Late Embryogenesis Abundant (Lea) Gene In Animals Increases Organelle Resistance To Water Stress, Michael A. Menze, Leaf Boswell, Mehmet Toner, Steven C. Hand Apr 2009

Occurrence Of Mitochondria-Targeted Late Embryogenesis Abundant (Lea) Gene In Animals Increases Organelle Resistance To Water Stress, Michael A. Menze, Leaf Boswell, Mehmet Toner, Steven C. Hand

Faculty Publications

Anhydrobiotic animals survive virtually complete loss of cellular water. The mechanisms that explain this phenomenon are not fully understood but often include the accumulation of low molecular weight solutes such as trehalose and macromolecules like Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins. Here we report for the first time the occurrence of a mitochondria-targeted LEA gene (Afrlea3m) product in an animal species. The deduced molecular mass of the 307-amino acid polypeptide from the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana is 34 kDa. Bioinformatic analyses reveal features typical of a Group 3 LEA protein, and subcellular localization programs predict targeting of the mature peptide to …

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Synthesis Of 2,4,5-Triaminocyclohexane Carboxylic Acid As A Novel 2-Deoxystreptamine Mimetic, Sarah Elizabeth Roberts Apr 2009

Synthesis Of 2,4,5-Triaminocyclohexane Carboxylic Acid As A Novel 2-Deoxystreptamine Mimetic, Sarah Elizabeth Roberts

Theses and Dissertations

RNAs have become increasingly recognized as possible drug targets due to their involvement in important biochemical functions, as well as their unique but well-defined structures. Recently published crystal structures depict the binding of a series of aminoglycosides- or more specifically- 2-deoxystretamine (2-DOS), the most preserved central scaffold of aminoglycosides, to a conserved 5'-GU-3'region on their target RNAs. A novel unnatural γ-amino acid, 1, has been synthesized using 2-deoxystreptamine as a template through structure-based rational design. The unnatural amino acid has been designed to replace a glycosidic linkage with an amide bond, which may limit the promiscuous binding characteristics of aminoglycosides …

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Birding Data For Costa Rica, Falk Huettmann Apr 2009

Birding Data For Costa Rica, Falk Huettmann

Faculty

These data describe 703 species with geo-referencing information (latitude longitude) for 42 locations in Costa Rica. They are taken from the species lists presented in B. Lawson (2009; A bird-finding guide to Costa Rica. Comstock Publishing Associates and Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-7584-9). This database is based on extensive fieldwork by B. Lawson and as described in his book. Here, these extensive species list data got geo-referenced via Google Maps. The resulting database described here consist of 4,829 rows and 8 columns (Page No,Site No,Site Name, latitude, longitude, SpeciesNo,SpeciestoExpect,Source) and is 969KB in size. The following locations were sampled: Arenal …

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Smectic Polymer Vesicles, Mark Bowick, Lin Jia, Xiangjun Xing Apr 2009

Smectic Polymer Vesicles, Mark Bowick, Lin Jia, Xiangjun Xing

Physics - All Scholarship

Polymer vesicles are stable robust vesicles made from block copolymer amphiphiles. Recent progress in the chemical design of block copolymers opens up the exciting possibility of creating a wide variety of polymer vesicles with varying fine structure, functionality and geometry. Polymer vesicles not only constitute useful systems for drug delivery and micro/nano-reactors but also provide an invaluable arena for exploring the ordering of matter on curved surfaces embedded in three dimensions. By choosing suitable liquid-crystalline polymers for one of the copolymer components one can create vesicles with smectic stripes. Smectic order on shapes of spherical topology inevitably possesses topological defects …

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Working For Alaskans 2009 - A Wealth Of Opportunity, N/A N/A Apr 2009

Working For Alaskans 2009 - A Wealth Of Opportunity, N/A N/A

Miscellaneous Publications

No abstract provided.

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Palmer Center For Sustainable Living, N/A N/A Apr 2009

Palmer Center For Sustainable Living, N/A N/A

Miscellaneous Publications

No abstract provided.

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Woody Biomass Fuel Crops In Interior Alaska, Robbin Garber-Slaght, Stephen D. Sparrow, Darleen T. Masiak, Gwen Holdmann Apr 2009

Woody Biomass Fuel Crops In Interior Alaska, Robbin Garber-Slaght, Stephen D. Sparrow, Darleen T. Masiak, Gwen Holdmann

Miscellaneous Publications

As the price of traditional fossil fuels escalates, there is increasing interest in using renewable resources, such as biomass, to meet our energy needs. Biomass resources are of particular interest to communities in interior Alaska, where they are abundant (Fresco, 2006). Biomass has the potential to partially replace heating oil, in addition to being a possible source for electric power generation (Crimp and Adamian, 2000; Nicholls and Crimp, 2002; Fresco, 2006). The communities of Tanana and Dot Lake have already installed small Garn boilers to provide space heating for homes and businesses (Alaska Energy Authority, 2009). A village-sized combined heat …

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Bone As A Biomarker Of Mercury Exposure In Prehistoric Arctic Human Populations: Initial Method Validation Using Animal Models, Carrin M. Halffman Apr 2009

Bone As A Biomarker Of Mercury Exposure In Prehistoric Arctic Human Populations: Initial Method Validation Using Animal Models, Carrin M. Halffman

Anthropology

Marine mammals are dietary staples among many indigenous peoples of the Arctic, but these foods sometimes contain high levels of mercury, a toxic heavy metal that can cause nerve and brain damage. Because mercury can be released into the environment by both industrial and natural processes, prehistoric marine mammal consumers may have been exposed to this toxicant, but little is known about preindustrial mercury levels. This research examined the potential for using the mercury concentration of archaeological bone as a biomarker of mercury exposure. Two requirements of valid biomarkers of exposure were explored: (1) measurement accuracy (trueness and precision) and …

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Nuniwarmiut Land Use, Settlement History And Socio-Territorial Organization, 1880--1960, Kenneth L. Pratt Apr 2009

Nuniwarmiut Land Use, Settlement History And Socio-Territorial Organization, 1880--1960, Kenneth L. Pratt

Anthropology

Prior efforts to identify traditional socio-territorial groups among the Central Yup'ik Eskimos of southwestern Alaska have been primarily theoretical in nature, examined the subject from very restricted temporal perspectives, and were heavily reliant on a small body of written historical accounts---none of which were informed by contacts with indigenous populations across the entire region. The collective results are inconsistent and largely unverifiable; hence many basic details about Yup'ik socio-territorial organization remain obscure. This study deviates from its predecessors in geographical focus, temporal scope and methodology. The geographical focus is on the Nuniwarmiut (or Nunivak Eskimos), both the most isolated and …

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Aurora Vol. 02 No. 1 (Fall 2009), N/A N/A Apr 2009

Aurora Vol. 02 No. 1 (Fall 2009), N/A N/A

Aurora

No abstract provided.

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Aurora Vol. 01 No. 2 (Spring 2009), N/A N/A Apr 2009

Aurora Vol. 01 No. 2 (Spring 2009), N/A N/A

Aurora

No abstract provided.

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Biodegradation Of Petroleum And Alternative Fuel Hydrocarbons In Moderate To Cold Climate, Agota Anna Horel Apr 2009

Biodegradation Of Petroleum And Alternative Fuel Hydrocarbons In Moderate To Cold Climate, Agota Anna Horel

Engineering

Microbial degradation of hydrocarbon fuels contaminating soil in the Arctic and subarctic environment is a relatively slow process. Nevertheless, due to transportation and logistical limitations in rural Alaska, biodegradation might be the best and cheapest contaminant removal option. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the environmental effects on biodegradation by naturally occurring microorganisms for some innovative hydrocarbon fuels and to determine the overall fate of hydrocarbons in soil, including degradation by fungi and bacteria, volatilization, and transport in the soil. Three major types of fuels were investigated in small scale microcosms and larger soil columns: conventional diesel as …

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A Geobotanical Analysis Of Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation, Climate, And Substrate, Martha K. Raynolds Apr 2009

A Geobotanical Analysis Of Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation, Climate, And Substrate, Martha K. Raynolds

Forest Sciences

The objective of the research presented in this dissertation was to better understand the factors controlling the present and potential future distribution of arctic vegetation. The analysis compares the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM) with circumpolar data sets of environmental characteristics. Geographical information system (GIS) software was used to overlay the CAVM with a satellite index of vegetation (normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) and environmental factors that are most important in controlling the distribution of arctic vegetation, including summer temperature, landscape age, precipitation, snow cover, substrate chemistry (pH and salinity), landscape type, elevation, permafrost characteristics, and distance to sea. Boosted …

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Comparing Marine Mammal Co-Management Regimes In Alaska: Three Aspects Of Institutional Performance, Chanda L. Meek Apr 2009

Comparing Marine Mammal Co-Management Regimes In Alaska: Three Aspects Of Institutional Performance, Chanda L. Meek

Natural Resources

Arctic marine mammals and the communities that depend on them for subsistence are facing unprecedented rates of environmental change. Comparative studies of policy implementation are necessary in order to identify key mechanisms of successful environmental governance under challenging conditions. This study compares two federal agencies responsible for the conservation of Arctic marine mammals. Drawing on multiple methods, I develop in-depth case studies of the policy implementation process for managing bowhead whale and polar bear subsistence hunting. I examine how and why agency approaches to conservation differ and assess policy effectiveness. The analysis focuses on three aspects of institutional performance as …

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Successful Aging Through The Eyes Of Alaska Native Elders: What It Means To Be An Elder In Bristol Bay, Alaska, Jordan Paul Lewis Apr 2009

Successful Aging Through The Eyes Of Alaska Native Elders: What It Means To Be An Elder In Bristol Bay, Alaska, Jordan Paul Lewis

Psychology

Alaska Natives view aging from a holistic perspective, an approach not typically found in the existing literature on successful aging. There is little research on Alaska Native (AN) Elders and how they subjectively define a successful older age. The lack of a culturally specific definition often results in the use of a generic definition that portrays AN Elders as aging less successfully than their non-Native counterparts. This research explores the concept of successful aging from an AN perspective and what it means to age well in AN communities. An Explanatory Model (EM) approach was used and adapted to focus on …

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From In-Vitro To In-Vivo: Corporate Development And Efficacy Of A Topical Hair Growth Agent Derived From Natural Extracts, Kelly Michael Glynn Apr 2009

From In-Vitro To In-Vivo: Corporate Development And Efficacy Of A Topical Hair Growth Agent Derived From Natural Extracts, Kelly Michael Glynn

Masters Theses

Androgenetic alopecia (male pattern baldness) affects up to 50% of the world’s population, propelling the development for a possible treatment. The hair follicle is influenced by several genetic and physiologic factors, which, when gone awry, lead to androgenetic alopecia. Vascular endothelial and keratinocyte growth factors are believed to be promoters of hair growth, as is inhibition of the proteasome complex. The cytokine IL-1α is also known to regulate follicle dynamics. The research objective described herein was an attempt to develop a botanical blend, which could mediate the above biomarkers, be successfully incorporated into a safe topical product and be evaluated …

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Blasting Bridges And Culverts: Water Overpressure And Vibration Effects On Fish And Habitat, Kristen N. Dunlap Apr 2009

Blasting Bridges And Culverts: Water Overpressure And Vibration Effects On Fish And Habitat, Kristen N. Dunlap

Fisheries

Water overpressures and ground vibrations from blasting may injure or kill salmonid fish in streams and embryos in streambeds. Explosives are used to remove failing structures in remote areas of the Tongass National Forest that impair watershed function. The State of Alaska Department of Fish and Game standards limit blast induced water overpressures to 2.7 lb/in 2 (18.6 kPa) and streambed vibrations to 0.5 in/s (13 mm/s) when embryos are present. Researchers, however, have reported salmonid mortality from pressures only as low as 12.3 and 19.3 lbs/in2 (85 and 133 kPa) and embryo mortality from vibrations as low as 5.75 …

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Incorporating Small-Scale Gis Into Long-Term Monitoring Studies: A Pilot Study Investigating Population Productivity Of The Red-Legged Kittiwake (Rissa Brevirostris), Cortney Pylant Apr 2009

Incorporating Small-Scale Gis Into Long-Term Monitoring Studies: A Pilot Study Investigating Population Productivity Of The Red-Legged Kittiwake (Rissa Brevirostris), Cortney Pylant

Senior Theses

Red-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa brevirostris) are small, cliff-nesting gulls endemic to the Bering Sea region. Of the four known breeding colonies, the island of St. George, the second largest of the Pribilof Island group, supports 80% of the breeding population annually. Despite a location in one of the most energy-rich regions of the western hemisphere, coupled with minimal depredation of nests and adult birds, long-term monitoring trends show low average reproductive success to complete failure. Although numerous studies have correlated changes in oceanic systems with the long-term decline of many seabird species, little effort has been allocated to understanding how alterations …

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Putting "Teaching To The Test" To The Test: Is This Really A Problem In Arkansas?, Stuart Buck, Gary W. Ritter Apr 2009

Putting "Teaching To The Test" To The Test: Is This Really A Problem In Arkansas?, Stuart Buck, Gary W. Ritter

Arkansas Education Reports

Arkansas’s state standardized tests have changed over the past few years. Since the ACTAAP legislation of 1999, Arkansas students have taken criterion-referenced Benchmark Tests based on the state’s curricular standards along with national norm-referenced exams each year. Prior to 2004, students in grades 4, 6, and 8 were administered the Benchmark tests in Mathematics and in English Language Arts. Starting in 2005, the odd-numbered grades were added so that students in grades 3-8 took the week-long Benchmark tests, in accordance with the requirements of the federal No Child Left Behind act.

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Factors Affecting Dissolved Oxygen Metabolism In Coastal Plain Streams Of Virginia, Julie Frank Apr 2009

Factors Affecting Dissolved Oxygen Metabolism In Coastal Plain Streams Of Virginia, Julie Frank

Theses and Dissertations

I investigated seasonal and inter-site variation in factors influencing diel dissolved oxygen (DO) metabolism at four streams in the Virginia Coastal Plain. Data were collected monthly from January to August 2008 to characterize DO metabolism (diel DO amplitude, production, respiration), incident solar radiation (PAR), dissolved nutrients, fine benthic materials (mass, C:N, Chlα) and hydrology (discharge, water transit time, transient storage). Reach-scale metabolism estimates were determined using the one-station diurnal DO technique and transit time and transient storage were determined by conservative tracer additions. Incident solar radiation was the primary determinant of DO metabolism as streams experiencing higher light levels (Herring …

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Clemson Trustees Minutes, 2009 April 17, Clemson University Board Of Trustees Apr 2009

Clemson Trustees Minutes, 2009 April 17, Clemson University Board Of Trustees

Minutes

Minutes: Meeting of the Clemson University Board of Trustees. Executive Board Room, Madren Center, Clemson, SC. 8:30 a.m.

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Role Of Α-Subunit Visit-Dg Sequence Residues Ser-347 And Gly-351 In The Catalytic Sites Of Escherichia Coli Atp Synthase, Wenzong Li, Laura E. Brudecki, Alan E. Senior, Zulfiqar Ahmad Apr 2009

Role Of Α-Subunit Visit-Dg Sequence Residues Ser-347 And Gly-351 In The Catalytic Sites Of Escherichia Coli Atp Synthase, Wenzong Li, Laura E. Brudecki, Alan E. Senior, Zulfiqar Ahmad

ETSU Faculty Works

This paper describes the role of α-subunit VISIT-DG sequence residues αSer-347 and αGly-351 in catalytic sites of Escherichia coli F1Fo ATP synthase. X-ray structures show the very highly conserved α-subunit VISIT-DG sequence in close proximity to the conserved phosphate-binding residues αArg-376, βArg-182, βLys-155, and βArg-246 in the phosphate-binding subdomain. Mutations αS347Q and αG351Q caused loss of oxidative phosphorylation and reduced ATPase activity of F1Fo in membranes by 100- and 150-fold, respectively, whereas αS347A mutation showed only a 13-fold loss of activity and also retained some oxidative phosphorylation activity. The ATPase of αS347Q mutant was not inhibited, and the αS347A mutant …

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Molecular Systematics Of Spiny Pocket Mice (Subfamily Heteromyinae) Inferred From Mitochondrial And Nuclear Sequence Data, Melina Crystal Williamson Apr 2009

Molecular Systematics Of Spiny Pocket Mice (Subfamily Heteromyinae) Inferred From Mitochondrial And Nuclear Sequence Data, Melina Crystal Williamson

Theses and Dissertations

This study aims to determine species-level relationships within the genus Heteromys, as well as generic-level relationships among members of the subfamily Heteromyinae using a phylogenetic framework. Molecular sequence data were generated from two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I) and three nuclear gene segments (β-fibrinogen, engrailed protein II, and myosin heavy chain II), and analyzed under maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian optimality criteria to infer relationships. Chapter 1 focuses on the phylogenetic and taxonomic implications for Heteromys from the analyses of sequence data. Phylogenies also provided a framework for delimiting species boundaries within the wide-ranging Heteromys desmarestianus …

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Overwintering Physiology Of Arctic And Subarctic Insects From Interior Alaska, Todd L. Sformo Apr 2009

Overwintering Physiology Of Arctic And Subarctic Insects From Interior Alaska, Todd L. Sformo

Biological Sciences

This dissertation focuses on the overwintering of three insects from Interior Alaska: a hemipteran, Elasmostethus interstinctus, and a coleopteran, Cucujus clavipes puniceus, that are freeze avoiding in the strict sense of the phrase, and a dipteran, Exechia nugatoria, that is simultaneously partially freeze avoiding and freeze tolerant. The variability within the freeze avoidance strategy itself is a key theme throughout this dissertation. Two significant contributions to comparative physiology are the confirmation of insect vitrification (glass formation) with its attendant extension of freeze avoidance and survival into a new, extreme low temperature record of -100�C and the simultaneous coupling of freeze …

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Growth, Morphology And Energetics Of Bowhead Whales (Balaena Mysticetus), John Craighead George Apr 2009

Growth, Morphology And Energetics Of Bowhead Whales (Balaena Mysticetus), John Craighead George

Biological Sciences

This thesis describes investigations on bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) conducted over the past three decades, specifically on age, growth, morphology and energetics. The examined whales were harvested by Inupiat Eskimo whale hunters primarily in Barrow, Alaska. Bowheads are robust cetaceans reaching 19 m in length and inhabit the ice-covered waters of the circumpolar Arctic. They have the thickest blubber (? 35 cm) of any cetacean and the longest (>4 m) and most extensive baleen apparatus. Bowheads are ~4 m at birth and grow rapidly to ~8 m in their first year; they then experience a 2-3 year growth pause …

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Resilience Of A Deer Hunting System In Southeast Alaska: Integrating Social, Ecological, And Genetic Dimensions, Todd J. Brinkman Apr 2009

Resilience Of A Deer Hunting System In Southeast Alaska: Integrating Social, Ecological, And Genetic Dimensions, Todd J. Brinkman

Biological Sciences

I examined the interactions of key components of a hunting system of Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska to address concerns of subsistence hunters and to provide a new tool to more effectively monitor deer populations. To address hunter concerns, I documented local knowledge and perceptions of changes in harvest opportunities of deer over the last 50 years as a result of landscape change (e.g., logging, roads). To improve deer monitoring, I designed an efficient method to sample and survey deer pellets, tested the feasibility of identifying individual deer from fecal DNA, and used …

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Reproductive Patterns In King Eiders, Rebecca L. Bentzen Apr 2009

Reproductive Patterns In King Eiders, Rebecca L. Bentzen

Biological Sciences

Mammalian predation, avian predation, female body condition and food availability on the breeding ground are likely the main factors influencing nesting success in tundra-nesting waterfowl. These driving factors are mediated by the primary life history characteristics; incubation behavior, female body size, nesting associations, and nest site selection. I created a conceptual model illustrating how these factors are inter-related and how they impact nest success through a variety of pathways to better understand the evolution of a species' nesting strategy and patterns observed in the field. The importance of the driving factors likely varies between sites and with the species nesting …

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