Digital Commons Network^™

Using Socio-Economics And Binary Economics To Serve The Interests Of Poor And Working People: What Critical Scholars Can Do To Help, Robert Ashford

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

The Exclusion Of Race From Mandated Continuing Legal Education Requirements: A Critical Race Theory Analysis, Lorenzo Bowman, Tonette Rocco, Elizabeth Peterson

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Rethinking The Constitutional Criminal Procedure Of Juvenile Transfer Hearings: Apprendi, Adult Punishment And Adult Process, Jenny E. Carroll

Faculty Scholarship

This article makes valuable new contributions to the burgeoning scholarly discourse on Apprendi v. New Jersey-a landmark decision that celebrates its tenth anniversary this year. It builds on the author's experience as a public defender, during which she pioneered the surprising but straightforward argument that under Apprendi, findings that justify transferring a juvenile to adult court must be proven to a jury beyond a reasonable doubt. Apprendi requires that any fact authorizing a sentence higher than the otherwise applicable statutory maximum must be found by a jury using a beyond a reasonable doubt standard. This tenet applies directly to juvenile …

Sex Differences In Response To Cognitive Stress During A Fatiguing Contraction, Tejin Yoon, Manda Linea Keller, Bonnie Schlinder-Delap, April L. Harkins, Romuald Lepers, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study compared the time to task failure for a submaximal fatiguing contraction in the presence and absence of a cognitive stressor in men and women. In study 1, 10 men and 10 women (22 ± 3 yr of age) performed an isometric fatiguing contraction at 20% maximal voluntary contraction force until task failure with the elbow flexor muscles during two separate sessions. Subjects performed a mental-math task during one of the fatiguing contractions that aimed to increase anxiety and stress (stressor session). Salivary cortisol and reported levels of arousal (visual analog scale for anxiety, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory …

Working For And With Latino/Latina Immigrant Newcomers In The English Language Arts Classroom, Bernadette Musetti, Spencer Salas, Theresa Perez

Faculty Articles

The article discusses how the English language arts practitioners work with the Latin immigrants who are newcomers in learning English language in middle and high school in the U.S. Accordingly, practitioners provide more instructional time to contextualized learning and literacy on first and second language and advocate them to attain a high level of literacy. Moreover, it states that the literacy development of the newcomers must be anchored in patience, flexibility and conscientiousness.

Submonthly Polar Vortex Variability And Stratosphere–Troposphere Coupling In The Arctic, Robert X. Black, Brent A. Mcdaniel

Faculty Articles

A principal component analysis is performed to characterize intraseasonal variability in the boreal stratospheric polar vortex. In contrast to previous studies, the current analysis examines daily zonal-mean variability within a limited spatial domain encompassing the stratospheric polar vortex. The leading EOFs are vertically coherent north–south dipoles in the zonal-mean zonal wind extending through the lower stratosphere. The first mode represents variability in polar vortexstrength and is highly correlated with the stratospheric northern annular mode (SNAM). The second mode, the polar annular mode (PAM), represents variability in the latitudinal position of the polar vortex and possesses a poleward-retracted dipole anomaly …

A Model For Sustainable Humanitarian Engineering Projects, Evan A. Thomas, Bernard Amadei, Robyn Sandekian

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The engineering profession should embrace a new mission statement?to contribute to the building of a more sustainable, stable, and equitable world. Recently, engineering students and professionals in the United States have shown strong interest in directly addressing the needs of developing communities worldwide. That interest has taken the form of short-and medium-term international trips through Engineers Without Borders?USA and similar organizations. There are also several instances where this kind of outreach work has been integrated into engineering education at various US institutions such as the University of Colorado at Boulder. This paper addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with balancing …

Cross Currents In Protein Misfolding Disorders: Interactions And Therapy, Rodrigo Morales, Kristi M Green, Claudio Soto

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Protein Misfolding Disorders (PMDs) are a group of diseases characterized by the accumulation of abnormally folded proteins. Despite the wide range of proteins and tissues involved, PMDs share similar molecular and pathogenic mechanisms. Several epidemiological, clinical and experimental reports have described the co-existence of PMDs, suggesting a possible cross-talk between them. A better knowledge of the molecular basis of PMDs could have important implications for understanding the mechanism by which these diseases appear and progress and ultimately to develop novel strategies for treatment. Due to their similar molecular mechanisms, common therapeutic strategies could be applied for the diseases in this …

Adherence To Host Extracellular Matrix And Serum Components By Enterococcus Faecium Isolates Of Diverse Origin, Meng Zhao, Jouko Sillanpää, Sreedhar R Nallapareddy, Barbara E Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Enterococcus faecium has emerged as an important cause of nosocomial infections over the last two decades. We recently demonstrated collagen type I (CI) as a common adherence target for some E. faecium isolates and a significant correlation was found to exist between acm-mediated CI adherence and clinical origin. Here, we evaluated 60 diverse E. faecium isolates for their adherence to up to 15 immobilized host extracellular matrix and serum components. Adherence phenotypes were most commonly observed to fibronectin (Fn) (20% of the 60 isolates), fibrinogen (17%) and laminin (Ln) (13%), while only one or two of the isolates adhered to …

Traffic Signal Control With Ant Colony Optimization, David T. Renfrew

Master's Theses

Traffic signal control is an effective way to improve the efficiency of traffic networks and reduce users’ delays. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is a metaheuristic based on the behavior of ant colonies searching for food. ACO has successfully been used to solve many NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems and its stochastic and decentralized nature fits well with traffic flow networks. This thesis investigates the application of ACO to minimize user delay at traffic intersections. Computer simulation results show that this new approach outperforms conventional fully actuated control under the condition of high traffic demand.

Influence Of Crop Load On Fruit Composition Using Pinot Noir Grapes, Patrick G. Phelan

Master's Theses

ABSTRACT

Influence of Crop Load on Fruit Composition Using Pinot Noir Grapes

Patrick G. Phelan

November 2009

The two seasons for this trial were conducted in 2002 and 2003 at Bien Nacido Vineyard in Santa Maria, California. The trial consisted of pinot noir wine grapes clone 2a, grown on 101-14 rootstock. There were eight treatments with a control consisting of 25 vines per treatment, and 50 vines for the control.

The primary objective of this research experiment was to conduct different vine balance procedures and compare them to the amount of wine phenolics. The vines were altered with two procedures. …

A Rapid Prototyping Method For Constructing A Complex Three-Dimensional Substrate, Kathryn Jacoba Hart

Master's Theses

Cell culturing on three-dimensional structures has increased the possibilities in tissue engineering and bioreactor research. These structures enable cells to differentiate, proliferate, mobilize, and function in a conformation that more accurately mimics in vivo conditions. Computer generated models aid in development and rapid alteration of three-dimensional cell substrates, defining their internal structure as well as their external morphology. The rapid transition from substrate design to a viable culture is imperative to quickly advance research in biomedical and tissue engineering applications.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the feasibility of a rapid prototyping process by selectively cross-linking and assembling …

A Framework For Bioacoustic Vocalization Analysis Using Hidden Markov Models, Yao Ren, Michael T. Johnson, Patrick J. Clemins, Michael Darre, Sharon Stuart Glaeser, Tomasz S. Osiejuk, Ebenezer Out-Nyarko

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) as a recognition framework for automatic classification of animal vocalizations has a number of benefits, including the ability to handle duration variability through nonlinear time alignment, the ability to incorporate complex language or recognition constraints, and easy extendibility to continuous recognition and detection domains. In this work, we apply HMMs to several different species and bioacoustic tasks using generalized spectral features that can be easily adjusted across species and HMM network topologies suited to each task. This experimental work includes a simple call type classification task using one HMM per vocalization for repertoire analysis of …

Characterization Of Arsenic-Tolerant Bacterial Cultures From The Lower Laguna Madre Of South Texas, Gemma A. Berlanga, Michael W. Persans, Thomas Eubanks, Kristine L. Lowe

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Two forms of arsenic are found in the environment: As(V) and As(III), the latter being more toxic, water-soluble, and mobile. Microorganisms may increase the mobility of arsenic by reducing As(V) to As(III); however, detoxification and immobilization can occur via the oxidation of As(III) to As(V). The US EPA has set a minimum contaminant level of 10 parts per billion (ppb) for arsenic in drinking water. The research objective was to confirm the presence of arsenic-tolerant bacteria in the Lower Laguna Madre of south Texas. Sediment samples were collected and inoculated into growth media which contained either 2 mM As(III) or …

Combination Of Vandetanib, Radiotherapy, And Irinotecan In The Lovo Human Colorectal Cancer Xenograft Model., Phyllis Wachsberger, Randy Burd, Anderson Ryan, Constantine Daskalakis, Adam P. Dicker

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: The tumor growth kinetics of the human LoVo colorectal xenograft model was assessed in response to vandetanib, an orally available receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, radiotherapy (RT), or irinotecan (CPT-11), as single therapies and in combination. METHODS AND MATERIALS: LoVo cells were injected subcutaneously into the right hind limb (5 x 10(6) cells in 100 microL phosphate-buffered saline) of athymic NCR NUM mice and tumors were grown to a volume of 200-300 mm(3) before treatment. Vandetanib was administered at 50 mg/kg daily orally for 14 days starting on Day 1. RT was given as three fractions (3 x 3 Gy) …

Comparative Transcriptional Profiling Established The Awn As The Major Photosynthetic Organ Of The Barley Spike While The Lemma And The Palea Primarily Protect The Seed, Tilahun Abebe, Roger P. Wise, Ronald W. Skadsen

Faculty Publications

The lemma, palea, and awn of a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) spike are photosynthetic organs that supply the developing seed with carbohydrates. The lemma and palea also enclose the seed and protect it from pathogens and insects. Despite the important roles they play, little information exists on gene expression in these organs that identifies their function. In this study, we compared gene expression among the lemma, palea, awn, and developing seed of barley during grain filling using the Barley1 Genome Array to identify highly expressed genes involved in the primary function of these organs. Hierarchical clustering and mixed model analysis …

A Novel Protein Arginine Methyltransferase Interacts With The Rna Induced Silencing Complex Component, Mut70, And Is Required For Rna Interference In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, James Becker

School of Biological Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

RNA interference (RNAi) is an important gene regulatory mechanism. It involves 21-24 nucleotide small RNA molecules that downregulate complementary, or near complementary, mRNA sequences through transcript degradation or translation repression. The non-coding small RNA molecules act through an effector complex known as the RNA induced silencing complex (RISC). The components of RISC are evolutionarily conserved and consist of DICER and AGO proteins as well as several other polypeptides. These include, among others, MUT70, an RNA binding protein that has an RGG rich domain. Protein arginine methyltransferases typically methylate RGG rich regions, affecting protein stability, localization, and/or interactions. Here, we report …

Treatment Outcomes For Toddlers With Behaviour Problems From Families In Poverty, Robert A. Fox, Casey A. Holtz

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

Background. Relatively few treatment studies address mental health issues in very young children. This study examined the effectiveness of a treatment program for toddlers whose behavior problems were further complicated by living in poverty.

Method. An empirically-validated treatment program was adapted for use in the homes of 102 toddlers for an average of 12 weekly sessions.

Results. Significant improvements were found for the children’s behavior problems and their compliance to parent requests.

Discussion. The inherent challenges in working with at-risk families and the challenges in delivering mental health services for very young children living in poverty are discussed.

Environmental Risks Monitoring Of Shipwrecks In Italian Seas, Giuseppe Masetti, Fulvia Orsini

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

After a description of the international regulatory framework, this paper examines the European project DE.E.P.P. and provides an overview of shipwreck databases in Italy. Afterwards, it reconstructs the recent history of the supertanker VLCC Haven which represents one of the largest Mediterranean shipwrecks. The findings of this paper emphasize the need to unify all the various agencies databases into a national Territorial Information System of potentially polluting wrecks. This System would be completed by all the information available in archives and press, to allow an adequate environmental risk monitoring and classification of shipwrecks in the Italian seas.

A Pilot Study Evaluating The Safety Of Vaginal Administration Of A Multi-Particulate Pellet Formulation, Guido Lopes Dos Santos Santiago

Population Health, East Africa

Aim: Quantitative evaluation of the effect caused by vaginal administration of gelatin capsules loaded with starch pellets and lyophilized powder, respectively, on vaginal pH and microflora.

Method: Administration of gelatin capsules loaded with fast-disintegrating starch pellets (group P) or lyophilized lactose/skimmed milk (group L) was compared to no intervention (group C) in a 3-way randomized, double-blinded, parallel study with 18 volunteers. Follow-up visits were at day 6 (immediately after administration), day 14 (pill stop), day 22 (after withdrawal bleeding) and day 35 (midcycle). Vaginal pH was measured and swabs were taken for Gram staining and culture to assess the presence …

Youth And Crime: Centennial Reflections On The Children Act 1908, Kate Bradley

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

No abstract provided.

Crime Violence And The Modern State Ii May 2009, Herzen State Pedagogical University, St Petersburg, ' Blame, Shame And Culpability', Judith Rowbotham

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

No abstract provided.

More Ignorant And Stupid Than Wilfully Cruel: Homicide Trials And 'Baby-Farming' In England And Wales In The Wake Of The Children Act 1908, Daniel Grey

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

This article examines the impact of the Children Act 1908 on longstanding concerns that foster or informally 'adoptive' parents were uniquely likely to murder the children in their care. Making particular reference to the last two high-profile cases of 'baby-farmers' tried for homicide on the Welsh and English Assize circuits (in 1907 and 1919, respectively) it argues that the infant life protection provisions in the 1908 Act had a dramatic and immediate impact on such prosecutions, removing the automatic presumption of malice in cases where fostered or adopted children died in suspicious circumstances.

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2010, Zelpha B. Johnson, D. Wayne Kellogg

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Fungal Entomopathogens: New Insights On Their Ecology, Fernando E. Vega, Mark S. Goettel, Meredith Blackwell, David Chandler, Mark A. Jackson, Siegfried Keller, Masanori Koike, Nguya K. Maniania, Arnulfo Monzón, Bonnie H. Ownley, Judith K. Pell, Drauzio E.N. Rangel, Helen E. Roy

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

An important mechanism for insect pest control should be the use of fungal entomopathogens. Even though these organisms have been studied for more than 100 y, their effective use in the field remains elusive. Recently, however, it has been discovered that many of these entomopathogenic fungi play additional roles in nature. They are endophytes, antagonists of plant pathogens, associates with the rhizosphere, and possibly even plant growth promoting agents. These findings indicate that the ecological role of these fungi in the environment is not fully understood and limits our ability to employ them successfully for pest management. In this paper, …

Proximity To A Forest Leads To Higher Honey Yield: Another Reason To Conserve, Susan O. Sande, Robin M. Crewe, Suresh K. Raina, Susan W. Nicolson, Ian Gordon

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Although tropical forest conservation is a top priority for human and environmental health, deforestation persists, mainly because of food and economic needs. No community will totally give up economic activities for the sake of ecological integrity, unless it is given alternative economic activities from which to draw its livelihood. Beekeeping in the forest buffer zone instead of traditional destructive honey-harvesting from forest trees is one such option at Arabuko Sokoke Forest (ASF) in Kenya. ASF is a dry coastal forest which is home to endangered and threatened fauna and is a hotspot considered a priority for conservation. In order to …

The Law And Economics Virus, Spencer Weber Waller

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Mining Communities In Networks: A Solution For Consistency And Its Evaluation, Haewoon Kwak, Yoonchan Choi, Young-Ho Eom, Hawoong Jeong, Sue Moon

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Online social networks pose significant challenges to computer scientists, physicists, and sociologists alike, for their massive size, fast evolution, and uncharted potential for social computing. One particular problem that has interested us is community identification. Many algorithms based on various metrics have been proposed for communities in networks [18, 24], but a few algorithms scale to very large networks. Three recent community identification algorithms, namely CNM [16], Wakita [59], and Louvain [10], stand out for their scalability to a few millions of nodes. All of them use modularity as the metric of optimization. However, all three algorithms produce inconsistent communities …

Ensemble And Individual Noise Reduction Method For Induction-Motor Signature Analysis, Zhaoxia Wang, C.S. Chang, Tw Chua, W.W Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Unlike a fixed-frequency power supply, the voltagesupplying an inverter-fed motor is heavily corrupted by noises,which are produced from high-frequency switching leading tonoisy stator currents. To extract useful information from statorcurrentmeasurements, a theoretically sound and robust denoisingmethod is required. The effective filtering of these noisesis difficult with certain frequency-domain techniques, such asFourier transform or Wavelet analysis, because some noises havefrequencies overlapping with those of the actual signals, andsome have high noise-to-frequency ratios. In order to analyze thestatistical signatures of different types of signals, a certainnumber is required of the individual signals to be de-noisedwithout sacrificing the individual characteristic and quantity ofthe …

Credit Card Act Of 2009: The Changes And When They Take Effect, Carrie Johnson, Charles Mix County, Elizabeth Gorham

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

Beginning in August 2009, there will be changes that affect consumer credit card bill¬ings. On May 22, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the Credit Card Accountability, Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009 (Credit CARD Act of 2009). The law is designed to protect consumers from some practices by credit card companies.