Digital Commons Network^™

Cross-Linguistic Universals In Reading Acquisition With Applications To English-Language Learners With Reading Disabilities, Brenda K. Gorman

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

There is a considerable gap in English reading achievement between English-language learners and native speakers in the United States. Differentiation of whether English language learners’ struggles are symptomatic of reading disability or related to second language acquisition is often challenging. These issues highlight the need for increased insight into reading development and disability in this population. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of cross-linguistic universals in reading acquisition, how reading disabilities manifest in various languages, and whether diagnostic and instructional approaches that are effective for native English speakers are also appropriate for English-language learners. Recommendations for …

Faculty Masthead, Mjlst Editorial Board

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Stem Cell Research In California: The Intersection Of Science, Politics, Culture, And Law, Zach W. Hall

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

The Legacy Of The Nuremberg Doctors' Trial To American Bioethics And Human Rights, George J. Annas

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Building A Better Baby Business, Debora Spar, Anna M. Harrington

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Identifiable Neuro Ethics Challenges To The Banking Of Neuro Data, Judy Illes, Sofia Lombera

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

The European Directive On The Protection Of Groundwater: A Model For The United States, Richard Thomas

Pace Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.

Transcriptional And Morphological Changes During Thyroxine-Induced Metamorphosis Of The Mexican Axolotl And Axolotl-Tiger Salamander Hybrids, Robert Bryce Page

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

For nearly a century, amphibian metamorphosis has served as an important model of how thyroid hormones regulate vertebrate development. Consequently metamorphosis has been studied in a number of ways including: morphologically, developmentally, ecologically, and from an endocrine perspective. Over the last two decades, much has been learned about the molecular basis of anuran (frog) metamorphosis. However, very little is known about the molecular underpinnings of urodele (salamander) metamorphosis. Using the axolotl and axolotl hybrids as models, I present some of the first studies on the gene expression changes that occur during urodele metamorphosis. In Chapter 1, the motivation for the …

Using Thr Ffm To Understand And Integrate The Deficits Of Psychopathy, Karen J. Derefinko

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Psychopathy is associated with several behavioral and psychophysiological deficits. Lynam (2002) has argued that the use of an overarching conceptualization of psychopathy can provide a parsimonious explanation of psychopathic pathology. The current study examined relations between tasks used to explore psychopathic pathology and dimensions from the Five Factor Model of personality. Undergraduate participants completed the NEO PI-R, the BART, a go/no-go task, an emotional morph task, and provided physiological responses to stimuli. While hypothesized relations to FFM psychopathy composites were generally unsupported, other interesting relations to traits were identified. Results indicated that hypoarousal to negative stimuli was negatively related to …

The Nature And Meaning Of Culture In Primary Care Medicine: Implications For Education, Clinical Practice, And Stereotypes, Madison Lamar Gates

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The medical profession in recent decades has made culture and cross-cultural competence an issue for patient – physician relationships. Many in the profession attribute the necessity of cross-cultural competence to increased diversity, globalization, and health disparities; however, a historical analysis of medicine indicates that culture’s relevancy for health care and outcome is not new. The rise of clinics, which can be traced to 17th century France, the professionalization of physicians in 18th century U.S., and the civil rights movement of the 20th century illustrate that medicine, throughout its history, has grappled with culture and health. While medicine has a history …

Role Of P33 In Tombusvirus Replication, Jozsef Stork

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Replication of the nonsegmented, plus-stranded RNA genome of Cucumber necrosis tombusvirus (CNV) requires two essential overlapping viral-coded replication proteins, the p33 replication co-factor and the p92 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. In my thesis I describe (i) the effect of phosphorylation of p33, (ii) the RNA chaperone-like activity of p33, and (iii) the role of HSP70s a host proteins in the viral replication. To test the effect of phosphorylation on p33 function, I used in vitro phosphorylated p33. I found that phosphorylation inhibited the ability of p33 to bind to the viral RNA. Phosphorylation-mimicking mutations rendered p33 nonfunctional in plant protoplasts and …

The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln Digital Commons, Sue Ann Gardner

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

Provides an overview of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries’ institutional repository, the Digital Commons, on the BEPress platform.

Inquiry Unplugged: Building On Hackman’S Potential Perils Of Pob, Fred Luthans, Bruce Avolio

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

In this rejoinder to Hackman’s counterpoint piece on positive organizational behavior (POB), we again take a positive, inquiry approach. We address and build out each of his identified potential perils with the aim of accelerating the journey of POB understanding, research, and application.

Taxonomic Information Exchange And Copyright: The Plazi Approach, Donat Agosti, Willi Egloff

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Background

A large part of our knowledge on the world's species is recorded in the corpus of biodiversity literature with well over hundred million pages, and is represented in natural history collections estimated at 2–3 billion specimens. But this body of knowledge is almost entirely in paper-print form and is not directly accessible through the Internet. For the digitization of this literature, new territories have to be chartered in the fields of technical, legal and social issues that presently impede its advance. The taxonomic literature seems especially destined for such a transformation.

Discussion

Plazi was founded as an association with …

Effects Of Marital Quality On Children In Brazilian Families, Stephen V. Stutzman, Richard B. Miller, Cody S. Hollist, Olga G. Falceto

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Although there is a robust literature supporting the empirical generalization that parental conflict is related to childhood problems, the research has primarily studied European American populations in the U.S. There is minimal research that investigates the relationship between marital distress and child outcomes in other cultures (Bradford et al., 2004; Buehler et al., 1997; Krishnakumar & Buehler, 2000; Shek, 2001), including a specific lack of knowledge regarding Latino populations. This is a significant gap in the literature since Latino children make up the largest minority group in the U.S., accounting for 16% of children younger than 18 years of age …

Lyophilization Of Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae Yields High-Quality Dna For Use In Aflp Genetic Studies, Pete L. Clark, David J. Isenhour, Steven R. Skoda, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, Claudia Gianni, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Agricultural research in the 21st century has become a collaborative effort. Research on crop pests like Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), commonly known as the fall armyworm (FAW), can involve international collaboration because it is a pest not only in the southern United States, but also in Latin and South America. Our interest to study the genetic variation of 24 subpopulations of FAW from the southern United States, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Brazil and Argentina required insect collection procedures that preserve the integrity of DNA for molecular genetic analysis. The samples were collected primarily from maize (Zea mays L.), but also …

Video-Tracking And On-Plant Tests Show Cry1ab Resistance Influences Behavior And Survival Of Neonate Ostrinia Nubilalis Following Exposure To Bt Maize, Jarrad R. Prasifka, Richard L. Hellmich, Andre L. B. Crespo, Blair Siegfried, David W. Onstad

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

To examine how resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins influences movement and survival of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis [Hübner]) neonates, the responses of Cry1Ab-resistant , -susceptible, and hybrid (F1) larvae were examined using two different techniques. First, using an automated videotracking system, aspects of O. nubilalis movement were quantified in the presence of artificial diet incorporating 50% non-Bt or insect-resistant Cry1Ab maize tissue. Second, O. nubilalis dispersal and survival were measured 48–72 h after hatching on a Cry1Ab maize plant surrounded by two non-Bt maize plants. Video tracking indicated the presence of Cry1Ab tissue increased the total distance …

Degree-Day Requirements For Eight Economically Important Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) In Nebraska Using Field Data, Mathew L. Brust, William Wyatt Hoback, Robert J. Wright

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The timing of application for the management of rangeland grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is critical, especially as insecticides become more specialized and the use of Insect Growth Regulators becomes more widespread. The general seasonal occurrence of adults of many grasshopper species has been well documented; however, their appearance varies widely between years. We analyzed sweep samples collected over the western two thirds of Nebraska from a 3-yr period and noted the occurrence of adults by region for eight species of rangeland grasshoppers. We analyzed occurrence based on degree-day accumulations for the region and developed estimates of degree-day requirements for these species. …

Western Corn Rootworm ( Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte) Population Dynamics, Lance Meinke, Thomas W. Sappington, David W. Onstad, Thomas Guillemaud, Nicholas Miller, Judit Komáromi, Nora Levay, Lorenzo Furlan, József Kiss, Ferenc Toth

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

1 The western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte is a major insect pest of field maize, Zea mays L. Larvae can cause substantial injury by feeding on maize roots. Larval feeding may destroy individual roots or root nodes, and reduce plant growth, stability, and yield. Costs associated with managing corn rootworms in continuous maize are annually one of the largest expenditures for insect management in the United States Corn Belt.

2 Even though D. virgifera virgifera has been studied intensively for over 50 years, there is renewed interest in the biology, ecology, and genetics of this species because of …

Mitochondrial Dna Variation And Range Expansion In Western Bean Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): No Evidence For A Recent Population Bottleneck, Nicholas Miller, David L. Dorhout, Marlin E. Rice, Thomas W. Sappington

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The western bean cutworm, Striacosta albicosta (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a pest of both corn and dry bean crops. At the beginning of the 21st century, the species began to extend its range out of the Great Plains, eastward through the Corn Belt. This rapid range expansion is remarkable because the species distribution had been stable for at least the previous half century, despite the apparent abundance of suitable habitat (i.e., cornfields) immediately to the east. We hypothesized that if the western bean cutworm had to overcome a stable barrier to movement before starting the current range expansion, it probably …

Gene Expression Profiling Of Tolerant Barley In Response To Diuraphis Noxia (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Feeding, A. Gutsche, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Gautam Sarath, P. Twigg, Yuannan Xia, G. Lu, D. Mornhinweg

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Aphids are, arguably, the single most damaging group of agricultural insect pests throughout the world. Plant tolerance, which is a plant response to an insect pest, is viewed as an excellent management strategy. Developing testable hypotheses based on genome-wide and more focused methods will help in understanding the molecular underpinnings of plant tolerance to aphid herbivory. As a first step in this process, we undertook transcript profiling with Affymetrix GeneChip Barley Genome arrays using RNA extracted from tissues of tolerant and susceptible genotypes collected at three hours, three days and six days after Diuraphis noxia introduction. Acquired data were compared …

Efficacy Of Neonicotinoid Seed Treatments To Reduce Soybean Aphid Populations Under Field And Controlled Conditions In Nebraska, Leonardo C. Magalhaes, Thomas E. Hunt, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is native to Asia and was recently (2000) detected in North America. Since then, it has become a significant threat to U.S. soybean production. Although neonicotinoid insecticide seed treatments, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, have been suggested as a method of control, the season-long efficacy is still uncertain. Therefore, the use of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam seed treatments to control soybean aphid in Nebraska were examined. Soybean aphid populations were monitored weekly in an irrigated field study planted during the later half of the typical Nebraska planting window during 2005 and 2006. Imidacloprid and thiamethoxam …

Smart Templates For Peak Pattern Matching With Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography, Stephen E. Reichenbach, Peter W. Carr, Dwight R. Stoll, Qingping Tao

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) generates information-rich but complex peak patterns that require automated processing for rapid chemical identification and classification. This paper describes a powerful approach and specific methods for peak pattern matching to identify and classify constituent peaks in data from LC × LC and other multidimensional chemical separations. The approach records a prototypical pattern of peaks with retention times and associated metadata, such as chemical identities and classes, in a template. Then, the template pattern is matched to the detected peaks in subsequent data and the metadata are copied from the template to identify and …

Intelligent User Interfaces With Adaptive Knowledge Assistants, Adam Eck, Leen-Kiat Soh

School of Computing: Technical Reports

One promising application of intelligent user interfaces (IUIs) is the support of daily tasks for information workers. In such a scenario, users perform various general and domain-specific information generation, processing, and retrieval tasks (e.g., processing data, creating reports, and searching for previous results). Intelligent user interfaces can improve the daily lives of such workers through activities such as task management, including managing the user’s todo list and schedule (Conley and Carpenter, 2007; Myers et al., 2007), as well as summarizing meeting notes (Basu et al., 2008) or recommending tasks for the user to perform (Cosley et al., 2007) or users …

Lek Behavior As A Model For Multi-Robot Systems, Brittany Duncan, Patrick D. Ulam, Ronald C. Arkin

School of Computing: Technical Reports

Lek behavior is a biological mechanism used by male birds to attract mates by forming a group. This project explores the use of a biological behavior found in many species of birds to form leks to guide the creation of groups of robots. The lek behavior provides a sound basis for multi-robot formation because it demonstrates a group of individual entities forming up around a scarce resource. This behavior can be useful to robots in many situations, with an example scenario the case in which robots were dropped via parachute into an area and then needed to form meaningful task-oriented …

Paleolimnological Evidence Of The Effects On Lakes Of Energy And Mass Transfer From Climate And Humans, Peter R. Leavitt, Sherilyn C. Fritz, N. J. Anderson, P. A. Baker, T. Blenckner, L. Bunting, J. Catalan, D. J. Conley, W. O. Hobbs, E. Jeppesen, A. Korhola, S. Mcgowan, K. Rühland, J. A. Rusak, G. L. Simpson, N. Solovieva, J. Werne

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The premise of this article is that climate effects on lakes can be quantified most effectively by the integration of process-oriented limnological studies with paleolimnological research, particularly when both disciplines operate within a common conceptual framework. To this end, the energy (E)–mass (m) flux framework (Em flux) is developed and applied to selected retrospective studies to demonstrate that climate variability regulates lake structure and function over diverse temporal and spatial scales through four main pathways: rapid direct transfer of E to the lake surface by irradiance, heat, and wind; slow indirect effects of E via changes in …

Holocene Carbon Burial By Lakes In Sw Greenland, N. J. Anderson, W. D'Andrea, Sherilyn C. Fritz

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The role of the Arctic in future global change processes is predicted to be important because of the large carbon (C) stocks contained in frozen soils and peatlands. Lakes are an important component of arctic landscapes although their role in storing C is not well prescribed. The area around Kangerlussuaq, SW Greenland (66–68°N, 49–54°W) has ex¬tremely high lake density, with ~20 000 lakes that cover about 14% of the land area. C accumulation rates and standing stock (kg C m⁻²), representing late- to mid-Holocene C burial, were calculated from AMS ¹⁴C-dated sediment cores from 11 lakes. Lake …

Obliquity-Paced Pliocene West Antarctic Ice Sheet Oscillations, T. Naish, R. D. Powell, R. Levy, G. Wilson, R. Scherer, F. Talarico, L. Krissek, F. Niessen, M. Pompilio, T. J. Wilson, L. Carter, R. Deconto, P. Huybers, R. Mckay, D. Pollard, J. Ross, D. Winter, P. Barrett, G. Browne, R. Cody, E. A. Cowan, J. Crampton, G. Dunbar, N. Dunbar, F. Florindo, C. Gebhardt, I. Graham, M. Hannah, D. Hansaraj, David M. Harwood, D. Helling, S. Henrys, L. Hinnov, G. Kuhn, P. Kyle, A. La¨Ufer, P. Maffioli, D. Magens, K. Mandernack, W. Mcintosh, C. Millan, R. Morin, C. Ohneiser, T. Paulsen, D. Persico, I. Raine, J. Reed, C. Riesselman, L. Sagnotti, D. Schmitt, C. Sjunneskog, P. Strong, M. Taviani, S. Vogel, T. Wilch, T. Williams

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Thirty years after oxygen isotope records frommicrofossils deposited in ocean sediments confirmed the hypothesis that variations in the Earth’s orbital geometry control the ice ages¹, fundamental questions remain over the response of the Antarctic ice sheets to orbital cycles². Furthermore, an understanding of the behaviour of the marinebased West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS) during the ‘warmerthan- present’ early-Pliocene epoch ( ~5–3Myr ago) is needed to better constrain the possible range of ice-sheet behaviour in the context of future global warming³. Here we present a marine glacial record from the upper 600mof the AND-1B sediment …

A New Record Of Procynosuchus Delaharpeae (Therapsida: Cynodontia) From The Upper Permian Usili Formation, Tanzania, D. Marie Weide, Christian A. Sidor, Kenneth D. Angielczyk, Roger M. H. Smith

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Procynosuchus, the best-known Permian cynodont, has a remarkably broad geographic range, with records stretching from southern Africa to Europe. Fossils' of Procynosuchus are most common in the Upper Permian Dicynodon Assemblage Zone of South Africa, but also occur in coeval East African rocks. Currently, there is one documented occurrence from the Madumabisa Mudstone Formation of Zambia, and two specimens from the Usili (=Kawinga) Formation of Tanzania. The Tanzanian specimens include a poorly preserved, incomplete skull and a partial cranium originally attributed to Parathrinaxodon proops. The latter is now considered a subjective junior synonym of Procynosuchus delaharpeae. Here we …

On The Role Of Groundwater And Soil Texture In The Regional Water Balance: An Investigation Of The Nebraska Sand Hills, Usa, Tiejun Wang, Erkan Istanbulluoglu, John D. Lenters, Durelle T. Scott

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Partitioning of precipitation between evapotranspiration and runoff at the basin scale is primarily controlled by climate and basin characteristics. Here we use the Budyko hypothesis to investigate the impacts of soil texture and groundwater (e.g., baseflow) on annual and long-term mean annual water balances of basins in a semiarid region located in and around the Sand Hills region of Nebraska, USA. Native grasslands are dominant across the study area with soil textures dramatically different for the Nebraska Sand Hills (primarily sand deposits) and the adjacent regions (mainly less permeable silt loam). For each basin, long-term hydrologic and meteorological data are …