Digital Commons Network^™

Intellectual Property And Access To Medicines: An Analysis Of Legislation In Central America, Alejandro Cerón, Angelina Snodgrass Godoy

Anthropology: Faculty Scholarship

Globalization of intellectual property (IP) protection for medicines has been advancing during the past decade. Countries are obliged to adapt their legislation as a requirement of their membership to the World Trade Organization or as a condition of being part of international trade agreements. There is a growing recognition that, in low-income countries, stronger IP protection is a barrier to access to medicines. At the same time, the number of low-income countries writing national legislation to protect IP for pharmaceutical products is growing worldwide, but little research has been done on the ways in which this process is happening at …

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August 19, 2009 Cal Poly Report, Public Affairs Office

Cal Poly Report

No abstract provided.

The Murray Ledger And Times, August 19, 2009, The Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

Coordination Of Ribosomal Protein And Ribosomal Rna Gene Expression In Response To Tor Signaling, Li Juan Xiao, Anne Grove

Faculty Publications

Cells grow in response to nutrients or growth factors, whose presence is detected and communicated by elaborate signaling pathways. Protein kinases play crucial roles in processes such as cell cycle progression and gene expression, and misregulation of such pathways has been correlated with various diseased states. Signals intended to promote cell growth converge on ribosome biogenesis, as the ability to produce cellular proteins is intimately tied to cell growth. Part of the response to growth signals is therefore the coordinate expression of genes encoding ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and ribosomal proteins (RP). A key player in regulating cell growth is the …

Volume 46, Number 52: August 19, 2009, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

A Discontinuous Space : Postmodern Perspectives On Mental Health Discourse, Jennifer Leigh Harrison

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

Language in the mental health field is rich with powerful metaphors, hyperbolic phrases, and linguistic symbols of historical, political and social meaning. At a closer look, a dominant discourse rooted deep in the grounds of empirical science is revealed. In this theoretical study, mental health language is deconstructed using Critical Discourse Analysis and other related theories to locate and analyze a dominant discourse, which opens space for a non-dominant discourse. Postmodern theory assumes that power, entangled with and interdependent on powerlessness, is an absolute phenomenon, and that power abuse can be revealed through the study of a discourse itself. The …

Effect Of Eicosapentaenoic And Docosahexaenoic Acid On Resting And Exercise Induced Inflammatory And Oxidative Stress Biomarkers: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled, Cross­Over Study, Richard Bloomer, Douglas Larson, Kelsey Fisher-Wellman, Andrew Galpin, Brian Schilling

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Artificial Flavors In Commercial Products And Actual Natural Flavor Via Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy Data., Randi Jasmine Sluss

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this research project, real natural strawberries bought from different local sources were profiled by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS). These profiles were then used as a reference to compare GCMS profiles of commercial artificial strawberry flavor products such as strawberry flavored Cool Splashers™, Gatorade®, and Aquacal® flavored water. The chromatograms obtained were patterned using simple visual observations, scatter plot designs, Mann-Whitney U Test, and correlation coefficients. The artificially flavored commercial products tend to have simpler chromatograms. The Burger King® milkshake, Gatorade®, and Hi-C® are the most similar to that of the natural strawberry flavor. Their correlation coefficients are 0.972, 0.870, …

Studies Of Capsaicinoids Contents Of Locally Grown And Commercial Chilies Using Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography., John Kailemia Muchena

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Capsaicinoids are a class of compounds responsible for the "heat" of hot peppers. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin have the highest burning effect. The aim of this work is to separate and quantify the two major capsaicinoids in fruits harvested at different stages of development and at different seasons. Simple and rapid HPLC method involves 73:27% methanol water mobile phase with C₁₈ stationary phase and UV-Vis detector set at 210 nm. The method showed good reproducibility with 1.74% - 4.72% relative standard deviations, a linear response within 0.65–45.5 and 0.25-17.5 μg/mL for capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, respectively. The method achieved average recovery …

Hunger Of The Body, Hunger Of The Mind: The Experience Of Food Insecurity In Rural, Non-Peninsular Malaysia, Elizabeth Elliott Cooper

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Supplementary feeding continues to be a widespread strategy for child health promotion though its efficacy remains contested. The long-standing, Malaysian national food assistance program for children - Program Pemulihan Kanak-Kanak Kekurangan Zat Makanan (PPKZM) - fits this pattern, receiving severe criticism for its limited impact on child nutritional status. Still, the program remains, producing a seeming paradox and prompting questions of how it fits into (1) the larger political context of national health policy and (2) more localized village and clinic environments. This research combines historical inquiry with the in-depth, ethnographic study of two predominantly Malay coastal villages in Malaysian …

Assets And Child Well-Being In Developing Countries: A Research Review, Gina A. N. Chowa, David Ansong, Rainier Masa

Center for Social Development Research

The impact of assets on child well-being in developing countries has received considerable attention in the last decade. Increased recognition of the critical role played by assets in enhancing children’s well-being has spurred efforts to study the relationship between assets and a range of outcomes for children. This chapter reviews current studies (i.e., conducted within the past 10 years) that explore the relationship of asset ownership and a range of outcomes. The studies we have included in this review illustrate the impact that assets can have on children’s outcomes in the area of health, education, and child labor. Overall, the …

The Murray Ledger And Times, August 17, 2009, The Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

A Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Model For The Transmission Of Tularemia, Alison N. Triebenbach

Biological Sciences

Tularemia is a plague-like disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis. In Scandinavian countries tularemia transmission is clinically attributed to mosquitoes. To examine the transmission of tularemia by mosquitoes I exposed Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae larvae to F. tularensis and tested all life stages for bacterial DNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR). I fed adult A. aegypti and An. gambiae a blood meal containing F. novicida and tested for DNA 24, 48 and 72 hours after feeding. Seventy-two hours after the F. novicida blood meal I allowed A. aegypti and An. gambiae to feed on a mouse. My …

Validation And Application Of Infrared Thermography For The Assessment Of Body Condition In Pinnipeds, Jeanette Nienaber

Marine Biology

Infrared thermography (IRT) was used to collect baseline information on skin surface temperatures of two species of pinnipeds, the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina; n = 6) and the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus; n = 2). The IRT technique was validated against objects of known temperature and through post-collection software manipulation of environmental parameters that influence IRT output (emissivity, distance, relative humidity, ambient temperature and reflected temperature). From February 2007 to February 2008, biweekly measurements were taken of skin surface temperature (FLIR P25 infrared camera) with subsequent measurements of blubber depth (SonoSite Vet 180 portable imaging ultrasound system) on captive …

Quantifying Diet To Tissue Isotopic (Δ¹³C And Δ¹⁵N) Fractionation Factors In Captive Spectacled Eiders (Somateria Fischeri): Implications For Nutrient Allocation And Foraging Studies, Rebekka Federer

Marine Biology

"The spectacled eider (Somateria fischeri) was listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 1993, and potential threats to population recovery include changes in the marine prey abundance and availability. Therefore, development of diet assessment techniques has been listed as an eider recovery task. Stable isotopes have been used to evaluate foraging ecology and nutrient allocation to reproduction in birds. Application of this technique requires knowledge of how stable isotope signatures of animal tissues differ from their diet, referred to as isotopic fractionation, and these values can be determined experimentally using captive populations. I established stable isotopic fractionation factors …

Results Of A Pilot Walking School Bus Program To Prevent Obesity In Hispanic Elementary School Children, Nichole Burks, Christina Conklin, Alberta Kong, Carlos Roldan, Betty Skipper, Susan Scott

Undergraduate Medical Student Research

Thirty-three percent of children, 6-11years, in the US are overweight or obese.1 Walking to school is an affordable mode of transportation that may help reduce this high prevalence of childhood obesity.2 The Walking School Bus (WSB) is an innovative program designed to cut down on traffic congestion while providing a safe way to walk children to school.3 We are aware of no published studies examining the impact of this specific program on obesity prevention. In addition, low-income and minority neighborhoods have been underrepresented in the walkability literature.4 Therefore, we tested the feasibility of a modified WSB program in a low-income …

Cellulose Degrading Microorganisms In Alaskan Boreal Forest Soil, Kelsie Marie Stone

Biological Sciences

"Cellulose is the most abundant organic compound on earth, and has been studied intensely. This thesis includes a review of previous studies and literature compiled on cellulose degradation and its significance to biofuel production. It also reports a study designed to advance knowledge of cellulose degrading bacteria and fungi in Alaskan boreal forest soil. This was accomplished using stable isotope probing (SIP) in soil microcosms and community analyses of organisms colonizing in situ buried Birch Tongue Depressors (BTDs). We identified which organisms incorporated a 13C cellulose label into their genomic material, finding degradation to be dominated by fungi. Fungi from …

Resilience Of A Deer Hunting System In Southeast Alaska: Integrating Social, Ecological, And Genetic Dimensions, Todd J. Brinkman

Biological Sciences

I examined the interactions of key components of a hunting system of Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska to address concerns of subsistence hunters and to provide a new tool to more effectively monitor deer populations. To address hunter concerns, I documented local knowledge and perceptions of changes in harvest opportunities of deer over the last 50 years as a result of landscape change (e.g., logging, roads). To improve deer monitoring, I designed an efficient method to sample and survey deer pellets, tested the feasibility of identifying individual deer from fecal DNA, and used …

Renewable Energy In Rural Alaska: Two Case Studies And Their Implications, Jesse L. Logan

Arctic and Northern Studies

"This thesis argues that the costs of electricity in rural Alaska are ecological, economic, and social, and asks whether or not renewable energy can reduce these costs. Two case studies are examined: a wind-diesel hybrid system in Kotzebue, Alaska, and an Organic Rankine cycle geothermal system in Chena Hot Springs, Alaska. In both cases it is found that when compared to the status quo (fossil fuel generated electricity), renewable energy technologies have reduced these costs. Historically, the funding for energy projects in Alaska has shifted from private enterprise investment to state and federal support. This is important in the debate …

Commencement Convocation Exercises - August 2009, Prairie View A&M University

Commencement and Convocation Exercises

No abstract provided.

Preparation And Characterization Of An Electrospun Gelatin/Dendrimer Hybrid Nanofiber Dressing, Alicia P. Smith-Freshwater

Theses and Dissertations

A novel dendritic wound dressing was designed and characterized for its potential to treat chronic wounds. Comprised of gelatin, dendrimer, synthetic polymer and antibiotics, the dressing was electrospun to mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). Gelatin is biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic, and easily available. The antibiotic, doxycycline, has the ability to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases. Matrix metalloproteinases, which occur in excess in chronic wounds, degrade the reconstituted ECM. Starburst™ polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G3.5, which provides a versatile and structurally controlled architecture to construct nanomedicine, was covalently bonded to the gelatin backbone and electrospun into nanofibers with gelatin, doxycycline and stabilizing polymers. The …

Ebsco Historical Price Analysis Report 2009

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

This report lists all periodicals subscribed to in 2009 through EBSCO Subscription Services by the University Libraries, University of Rhode Island. This report analyzes prices over a five-year period. Information provided includes title, frequency, price in each of the last five years, and percent changes in price over five years. The list is sorted by LC Classification to better show the price changes in each discipline/subject area. The associated spreadsheet includes additional information such as ISSN, Library of Congress Classification number, country of origin, publisher name, and title format (print or online). The spreadsheet may be downloaded and sorted by …

Frequency Reconfiguration Of A Small Array Enabled By Functionalized Dispersions Of Colloidal Material , Sean Goldberger, Frank Drummond, Rachel Anderson, Joel Barrera, Amy Bolon, Stephen Davis, Jamie Edelen, Justin Marshall, Cameron Peters, David Umana, Gregory Huff

Small Satellite Conference

This paper will discuss the performance and adaptability of a microfluidic reconfiguration mechanism in a small array. Discussion will also include its ability to reduce system degradation resulting from complexity and physical limitations incurred from the close spatial proximity of bias/control systems on or near the antenna. Implementation of the microfluidic mechanism can reduce or mitigate the interactions between individual mechanisms within the aperture and increase the competitiveness of microfluidics over current state-of-the-art. Research at Texas A&M University in conjunction with the Space Engineering Institute, has developed a novel frequency reconfiguration system for antennas using electromagnetically functionalized colloidal dispersions (EFCDs). …

2009-08-13 Unm News Minute, University Of New Mexico Communication And Marketing Department

UNM News Minute 2009

No abstract provided.

Diversity And Strain Specificity Of Plant Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes Revealed By The Draft Genome Of Ruminococcus Flavefaciens Fd-1, Margret E. Berg Miller, Dionysios A. Antonopoulos, Mark Brand, Albert Bari, Alvaro Hernandez, Jyothi Thimmapuram, Bryan A. White, Marco Rincon, Harry J. Flint, Bernard Henrissat, Pedro M. Coutinho

Cyber Center Publications

Ruminococcus flavefaciens is a predominant cellulolytic rumen bacterium, which forms a multi-enzyme cellulosome complex that could play an integral role in the ability of this bacterium to degrade plant cell wall polysaccharides. Identifying the major enzyme types involved in plant cell wall degradation is essential for gaining a better understanding of the cellulolytic capabilities of this organism as well as highlighting potential enzymes for application in improvement of livestock nutrition and for conversion of cellulosic biomass to liquid fuels.

The Weekly Challenger, August 13, 2009, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The August 13, 2009, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

Washington University Record, August 13, 2009

Washington University Record

No abstract provided.

Stacy Holk V. Snapple Beverage

2009 Decisions

USDC for the District of New Jersey

Prospectus, August 12, 2009, Aaron Partridge, Samantha Hylla, Patrick Wood, Isaac Mitchell, Chuck Shepherd, Chrissie Mckenney, Cassandra Cunningham, Sean Hermann, Aaron Geiger

Prospectus 2009

No abstract provided.