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2009

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Where Souls Are Forgotten: Cultural Competencies, Forensic Evaluations, And International Human Rights, Michael L. Perlin, Valerie Mcclain Nov 2009

Where Souls Are Forgotten: Cultural Competencies, Forensic Evaluations, And International Human Rights, Michael L. Perlin, Valerie Mcclain

Articles & Chapters

Cultural competency is critical in criminal forensic evaluations. Cultural competency eschews reliance on stereotype, precluding the mistake of assuming that cultural dictates apply with equal force to all who share a cultural background, thus allowing the forensic examiner to provide a comprehensive picture of the defendant to the factfinder. While raised frequently in death penalty cases, it is equally important to the entire criminal process. Cultural sensitivity in test selection and interview techniques that enhance validity of results are addressed. In a parallel fashion, ratification of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities has drawn importance to …

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Finite Temperature Effects In Magnetic Materials: Model And Ab Initio Studies, Aleksander L. Wysocki Nov 2009

Finite Temperature Effects In Magnetic Materials: Model And Ab Initio Studies, Aleksander L. Wysocki

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The understanding of finite temperature behavior of magnetic materials is of vital importance for spintronic applications. In this dissertation different theoretical techniques for studying magnetic thermodynamics of various materials are discussed. Cr2O3 is an antiferromagnetic insulator that was proposed to be a key component of new spintronic devices. The magnetic properties of Cr2O3 were studied using the LDA+U method. Magnetism was found to be very well described by the Heisenberg model. Subsequently, magnetic thermodynamics was explored using quantum pair cluster approximation. Overall, very good agreement with experiment was found for the ground state and …

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Population Coding Of Tone Stimuli In Auditory Cortex: Dynamic Rate Vector Analysis, Peter Bartho, Carina Curto, Artur Luczak, Stephan L. Marguet, Kenneth D. Harris Nov 2009

Population Coding Of Tone Stimuli In Auditory Cortex: Dynamic Rate Vector Analysis, Peter Bartho, Carina Curto, Artur Luczak, Stephan L. Marguet, Kenneth D. Harris

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

Neural representations of even temporally unstructured stimuli can show complex temporal dynamics. In many systems, neuronal population codes show “progressive differentiation,” whereby population responses to different stimuli grow further apart during a stimulus presentation. Here we analyzed the response of auditory cortical populations in rats to extended tones. At onset (up to 300 ms), tone responses involved strong excitation of a large number of neurons; during sustained responses (after 500 ms) overall firing rate decreased, but most cells still showed a statistically significant difference in firing rate. Population vector trajectories evoked by different tone frequencies expanded rapidly along an initially …

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Comparative Transcriptional Profiling Established The Awn As The Major Photosynthetic Organ Of The Barley Spike While The Lemma And The Palea Primarily Protect The Seed, Tilahun Abebe, Roger P. Wise, Ronald W. Skadsen Nov 2009

Comparative Transcriptional Profiling Established The Awn As The Major Photosynthetic Organ Of The Barley Spike While The Lemma And The Palea Primarily Protect The Seed, Tilahun Abebe, Roger P. Wise, Ronald W. Skadsen

Faculty Publications

The lemma, palea, and awn of a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) spike are photosynthetic organs that supply the developing seed with carbohydrates. The lemma and palea also enclose the seed and protect it from pathogens and insects. Despite the important roles they play, little information exists on gene expression in these organs that identifies their function. In this study, we compared gene expression among the lemma, palea, awn, and developing seed of barley during grain filling using the Barley1 Genome Array to identify highly expressed genes involved in the primary function of these organs. Hierarchical clustering and mixed model analysis …

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Coupled Collaborative In-Class Activities And Individual Follow-Up Homework Promote Interactive Engagement And Improve Student Learning Outcomes In A College-Level Environmental Geology Course, Leilani Arthurs, Alexis Templeton Nov 2009

Coupled Collaborative In-Class Activities And Individual Follow-Up Homework Promote Interactive Engagement And Improve Student Learning Outcomes In A College-Level Environmental Geology Course, Leilani Arthurs, Alexis Templeton

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Interactive engagement pedagogies that emerge from a constructivist model of teaching and learning are often a challenge to implement in larger classes for a number of reasons including the physical layout of the classroom (e.g. fixed chairs in an amphitheater-style room), the logistics of organizing a large number of students into small peer-learning groups, the ability of a single instructor to personally interact with each of many small groups, and the design of small group activities that are engaging and facilitate student learning. For a large introductory-level Environmental Geology college course, 5 coupled collaborative class-long in-class activities and individual follow-up …

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Smooth Flexible Models Of Nonhomogeneous Poisson Processes Fit To One Or More Process Realizations, Shalaka C. Deo Nov 2009

Smooth Flexible Models Of Nonhomogeneous Poisson Processes Fit To One Or More Process Realizations, Shalaka C. Deo

Theses

Simulation is a technique of creating representations or models of real world systems or processes and conducting experiments to predict behavior of actual systems. Input modeling is a critical aspect of simulation modeling. Stochastic input models are used to model various aspects of the system under uncertainty including process times and interarrival times. This research focuses on input models for nonstationary arrival processes that can be represented as nonhomogeneous Poisson processes (NHPPs). In particular, a smooth flexible model for the mean-value function (or integrated rate function) of a general NHPP is estimated. To represent the mean-value function, the method utilizes …

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Cactuss: Clustering Of Attack Tracks Using Significant Services, Christopher Thomas Murphy Nov 2009

Cactuss: Clustering Of Attack Tracks Using Significant Services, Christopher Thomas Murphy

Theses

Network analysts are bombarded with large amounts of low level data, posing great challenges for them to differentiate and recognize critical multistage attacks. Multistage attacks are performed by hackers to compromise one or more machines in a network to gradually gain access to critical information or network operation hidden behind layers of firewall rules. These multistage attacks, composed of correlated Intrusion Detection System (IDS) alerts, can be diverse in the way they progress and penetrate the network. There exists no current literature defining how these diverse multistage attacks may be classified or categorized. This work aims to perform unsupervised learning …

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Coupled Ray-Tracing And Fokker-Planck Ebw Modeling For Spherical Tokamaks, Jakub Urban, Joan Decker, Y. Peysson, Josef Preinhaelter, Gary Taylor, Linda L. Vahala, George Vahala Nov 2009

Coupled Ray-Tracing And Fokker-Planck Ebw Modeling For Spherical Tokamaks, Jakub Urban, Joan Decker, Y. Peysson, Josef Preinhaelter, Gary Taylor, Linda L. Vahala, George Vahala

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The AMR (Antenna—Mode-conversion—Ray-tracing) code [1, 2] has been recently coupled with the LUKE [3] Fokker-Planck code. This modeling suite is capable of complex simulations of electron Bernstein wave (EBW) emission, heating and current drive. We employ these codes to study EBW heating and current drive performance under spherical tokamak (ST) configurations—typical NSTX discharges are employed. EBW parameters, such as frequency, antenna position and direction, are varied and optimized for particular configurations and objectives. In this way, we show the versatility of EBWs.

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Lung Cancer Stem Cells Research. Clues From Ontogeny, Yu Xu, Yi-De Hu Nov 2009

Lung Cancer Stem Cells Research. Clues From Ontogeny, Yu Xu, Yi-De Hu

Saudi Medical Journal

Cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis provides us with a new approach to the understanding of carcinogenesis, therapeutics, and prevention strategies. In recent years, the origin and biological characteristics of CSC were widely studied in solid tumors; it is astonishing to find out the delicate relevancy between CSC and committed progenitors evolved from embryonic stem cells (ESC) during organ development. In this review, we propose that some key molecular signal pathways during lung development are crucial for abnormal self-renewal and differentiation of lung cancer stem cell as well as try to elaborate the lung CSCs from the point view of ontogeny.

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Fatal Abdominal Sarcomatosis Secondary To Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor With Bland Histology, Yasmin M. Elshenawy, Charles E. Ganote, Mousa A. Al-Abbadi Nov 2009

Fatal Abdominal Sarcomatosis Secondary To Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor With Bland Histology, Yasmin M. Elshenawy, Charles E. Ganote, Mousa A. Al-Abbadi

Saudi Medical Journal

Fatal abdominal sarcomatosis is a rare complication secondary to gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) arising from the small intestine. Here, we describe a 49-year-old man who presented with massive ascites and multiple mesenteric solid masses. Autopsy showed large necrotic mass (19x14x8.0 cm) surrounding the terminal ileum with multiple smaller nodules on the omentum and mesentery. Histological examination revealed highly cellular, predominantly bland, spindle cells with low mitotic activity. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor was confirmed by strong positive staining for c-KIT (CD 117). Our case is an example of fatal intra-abdominal sarcomatosis of GIST where the histological features were essentially bland.

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Task Control Signals In Pediatric Tourette Syndrome Show Evidence Of Immature And Anomalous Functional Activity, Jessica A. Church, Kristin K. Wenger, Nico U.F. Dosenbach, Francis M. Miezin, Steven E. Petersen, Bradley L. Schlaggar Nov 2009

Task Control Signals In Pediatric Tourette Syndrome Show Evidence Of Immature And Anomalous Functional Activity, Jessica A. Church, Kristin K. Wenger, Nico U.F. Dosenbach, Francis M. Miezin, Steven E. Petersen, Bradley L. Schlaggar

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

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A Sea Of Confusion: The Shipowner's Limitation Of Liability Act As An Independent Basis For Admiralty Jurisdiction, Amie L. Medley Nov 2009

A Sea Of Confusion: The Shipowner's Limitation Of Liability Act As An Independent Basis For Admiralty Jurisdiction, Amie L. Medley

Michigan Law Review

The Shipowner's Limitation of Liability Act of 1851 allowed the owner of a vessel to limit his liability in the case of an accident to the value of the vessel and its cargo if he could show he had no knowledge of or participation in the negligent act that resulted in the loss. In 1911, the Supreme Court decided Richardson v. Harmon, a case which was interpreted for several decades to hold that the Limitation Act formed an independent basis for admiralty jurisdiction. In a 1990 case, the Supreme Court stated in a footnote that it would not reach …

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Loss Causation And Class Certification, Steven Serajeddini Nov 2009

Loss Causation And Class Certification, Steven Serajeddini

Michigan Law Review

Courts have long faced difficulty interpreting loss causation under Section 10b-5 of the Securities Act of 1934. This difficulty stems from the seemingly irreconcilable conflict between this core element of common law fraud and the procedural demands of Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the typical vehicle for a 10b-5 class action. Recently, some courts and commentators have begun to consider loss causation as an individualized inquiry that is not common among class members, and one that therefore warrants consideration at the class certification stage. The existing justifications center on the conceptually distinct 10b-5 element of reliance, …

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Ereview, Print Industry Center Nov 2009

Ereview, Print Industry Center

RIT Digital Archives

No abstract provided.

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How The Dissent Becomes The Majority: Using Federalism To Transform Coalitions In The U.S. Supreme Court, Vanessa Baird, Tonja Jacobi Nov 2009

How The Dissent Becomes The Majority: Using Federalism To Transform Coalitions In The U.S. Supreme Court, Vanessa Baird, Tonja Jacobi

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Reasonableness Meets Requirements: Regulating Security And Privacy In Software, Paul N. Otto Nov 2009

Reasonableness Meets Requirements: Regulating Security And Privacy In Software, Paul N. Otto

Duke Law Journal

Software security and privacy issues regularly grab headlines amid fears of identity theft, data breaches, and threats to security. Policymakers have responded with a variety of approaches to combat such risk. Suggested measures include promulgation of strict rules, enactment of open-ended standards, and, at times, abstention in favor of allowing market forces to intervene. This Note lays out the basis for understanding how both policymakers and engineers should proceed in an increasingly software-dependent society. After explaining what distinguishes software-based systems from other objects of regulation, this Note argues that policymakers should pursue standards-based approaches to regulating software security and privacy. …

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Living Originalism, Thomas B. Colby, Peter J. Smith Nov 2009

Living Originalism, Thomas B. Colby, Peter J. Smith

Duke Law Journal

Originalists routinely argue that originalism is the only coherent and legitimate theory of constitutional interpretation. This Article endeavors to undermine those claims by demonstrating that, despite the suggestion of originalist rhetoric, originalism is not a single, coherent, unified theory of constitutional interpretation, but is rather a disparate collection of distinct constitutional theories that share little more than a misleading reliance on a common label. Originalists generally agree only on certain very broad precepts that serve as the fundamental underlying principles of constitutional interpretation: specifically, that the "writtenness" of the Constitution necessitates a fixed constitutional meaning, and that courts that see …

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Effects Of Sea-Surface Conditions On Passive Fathometry And Bottom Characterization, Steven L. Means, Martin Siderius Nov 2009

Effects Of Sea-Surface Conditions On Passive Fathometry And Bottom Characterization, Steven L. Means, Martin Siderius

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recently, a method has been developed that exploits the correlation properties of the ocean’s ambient noise to measure water depth (a passive fathometer) and seabed layering [M. Sideriuset al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am.120, 1315–1323 (2006)]. This processing is based on the cross-correlation between the surface noise and the echo return from the seabed. To quantitatively study the dependency between processing and environmental factors such as wind speed, measurements were made using a fixed hydrophone array while simultaneously characterizing the environment. The measurements were made in 2006 in the shallow waters (25m)approximately 75km off the coast of Savannah, GA. …

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Civil Practice And Procedure, Hon. Jane Marum Roush Nov 2009

Civil Practice And Procedure, Hon. Jane Marum Roush

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Muslim Women Leaders In The Ferghana Valley: Whose Leadership Is It Anyway?, Svetlana Peshkova Nov 2009

Muslim Women Leaders In The Ferghana Valley: Whose Leadership Is It Anyway?, Svetlana Peshkova

Journal of International Women's Studies

There are many geographic and historical examples of Muslim women leaders, yet questions about women’s ability to lead and the kinds of leadership women can assume are still a part of scholarly and public debates among Muslims. In this article, based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork in the Ferghana Valley (Uzbekistan), I provide examples of Muslim women’s leadership and argue that in order to fully understand women’s leadership we need to question the assumption that men and women desire the same forms of leadership. A desire for leadership is not intrinsic to women (or humans in general) but is …

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Islamic Feminism And Muslim Women’S Rights Activism In India: From Transnational Discourse To Local Movement - Or Vice Versa?, Nadja-Christina Schneider Nov 2009

Islamic Feminism And Muslim Women’S Rights Activism In India: From Transnational Discourse To Local Movement - Or Vice Versa?, Nadja-Christina Schneider

Journal of International Women's Studies

The very recent phenomenon called Islamic feminism receives quite a lot of attention from academia and media alike. Although it is basically a discourse whose strategy and praxis is primarily script related, there seems to be an overt tendency to equate Islamic feminism with an ideology for a transnational social or political movement. As a perceived singular movement, Islamic feminism is often distinguished from two other supposedly singular movements, namely “Muslim feminism” and “Islamist feminism.” With regard to India, however, these ideal types don’t seem to be very helpful as analytical categories, as the growing influence and reference to Islamic …

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Claiming Their Space: Muslim Women-Led Networks And The Women’S Movement In India, Nida Kirmani Nov 2009

Claiming Their Space: Muslim Women-Led Networks And The Women’S Movement In India, Nida Kirmani

Journal of International Women's Studies

The Shah Bano case of the 1980s was a landmark in the discourse on ‘Muslim women’s rights’ in India. At this time, however, few Muslim women actually participated in the debates, which were dominated by male religious leaders and politicians or by ‘secular’ women’s groups, which had scant Muslim representation. Since the 1980s several Muslim-women led organisations have emerged in urban areas across the country, some of which have formed networks to advocate for Muslim women’s rights. This article looks at the emergence of two networks in particular, the Muslim Women’s Rights Network (MWRN) and the Bharatiya Muslim Mahila Andolan …

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South Asian Muslim American Girl Power: Structures And Symbols Of Control And Self-Expression, Marcia Hermansen, Mahruq F. Khan Nov 2009

South Asian Muslim American Girl Power: Structures And Symbols Of Control And Self-Expression, Marcia Hermansen, Mahruq F. Khan

Journal of International Women's Studies

South Asian Muslim American (SAMA) girls studied ethnographically in Chicago and more broadly in the United States negotiate these three components (South Asian, Muslim, and American) of identity across the spheres of home, Islamic institutions, and the public “American” realm. Drawing on interviews and fieldwork at an Islamic school and within South Asian families and mosques, the authors illustrate how nascent “girl” power is evidenced in these contexts drawing on media representations, academic sources, and data drawn from participant observation. Sources of SAMA girls’ expressions of confidence and power are selective use of identity markers, increased mastery of Islamic knowledge, …

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Cedaw And Afghanistan, Cheshmak Farhoumand-Sims Nov 2009

Cedaw And Afghanistan, Cheshmak Farhoumand-Sims

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper considers the relevance and applicability of CEDAW in Afghanistan and uses personal interviews with key Afghan and international actors to reflect on the context and framework for understanding the challenges and opportunities that exist for the implementation of CEDAW in contemporary Afghanistan. Starting with an introduction to CEDAW, it traces the Convention’s history in Afghanistan leading to its ratification without reservations in 2003 in order to argue that the application of CEDAW in Afghanistan is threatened by conservative forces who perceive it as an element of international efforts to ‘westernize’ Afghanistan and undermine its unique cultural and religious …

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Gendering The Internally Displaced: Problem Bodies, Fluid Boundaries And Politics Of Civil Society Participation In Sri Lanka, Sandya Hewamanne Nov 2009

Gendering The Internally Displaced: Problem Bodies, Fluid Boundaries And Politics Of Civil Society Participation In Sri Lanka, Sandya Hewamanne

Journal of International Women's Studies

In this paper I argue that the internally displaced Muslim women’s experience of displacement and their perception of new developments since the last round of peace initiative between the Sri Lankan government and the LTTE are significantly different from their male counterparts in that the women find these experiences as empowering in some respects. The paper also evidence that this empowerment is differently experienced by women belonging to different social classes. Women have been identified as a problem body within the Muslim community and restrictions on Muslim women have been justified through discourses on family honor and frivolous women. The …

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Polygamy Talk And The Politics Of Feminism: Contestations Over Masculinity In A New Muslim Indonesia, Sonja Van Wichelen Nov 2009

Polygamy Talk And The Politics Of Feminism: Contestations Over Masculinity In A New Muslim Indonesia, Sonja Van Wichelen

Journal of International Women's Studies

The political downfall of the Suharto administration in 1998 marked the end of the “New Order,” which was characterized by a 32-year period of authoritarian rule. Opening the way for democracy, it included the unlocking of Indonesian politics for the influence and participation of political Islam, which the New Order discouraged or banned. This shift led to a proliferation of Islamic issues in the public and political sphere. Many of them concerned issues of gender and have triggered profound debates about women’s rights and gender equality. This article examines one of these public concerns over “Islam and gender,” namely polygamy. …

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Flowers, Queens, And Goons: Unruly Women In Rural Pakistan, Lubna N. Chaudhry Nov 2009

Flowers, Queens, And Goons: Unruly Women In Rural Pakistan, Lubna N. Chaudhry

Journal of International Women's Studies

This article focuses on girls and women perceived as deviant, difficult, or different by their communities in rural Punjab, even as it pluralizes and historicizes performances of rebellious, unruly selves. Specifically, the paper uses fieldwork interactions with girls who enjoyed wanderings in out-of-bound spaces, women who claimed a position of authority as headmistresses in village schools, and women who troubled the social imaginary through their acts of intimidation and involvement in local politics in order to examine defiance of gendered norms within the context of material, structural, and discursive realities framing individual lives. The analysis illustrates how regional differences among …

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The Ready-Made Garments Industry In Bangladesh: A Means To Reducing Gender-Based Social Exclusion Of Women?, Nidhi Khosla Nov 2009

The Ready-Made Garments Industry In Bangladesh: A Means To Reducing Gender-Based Social Exclusion Of Women?, Nidhi Khosla

Journal of International Women's Studies

Women in Bangladesh have traditionally been excluded from taking part in social, political and economic activities by means of institutions such as the purdah (veil). However, the rise of the ready-made garments industry in Bangladesh since the 1970s has provided women with opportunities to work outside the home for wages. This change coincided with changes such as a decline in the rural sector, increased emphasis on girls’ education and campaigns to improve women’s health and reduce fertility. As a result of these changes, the social exclusion of women has reduced considerably. This paper analyses existing literature on women’s employment in …

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Reaching Out And Beyond: A Review Of Southeast Asian Writing In English [Book Review], Kirpal Singh Nov 2009

Reaching Out And Beyond: A Review Of Southeast Asian Writing In English [Book Review], Kirpal Singh

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Race And The Doctrine Of Self Defense: The Role Of Race In Determining The Proper Use Of Force To Protect Oneself, Richard Klein Nov 2009

Race And The Doctrine Of Self Defense: The Role Of Race In Determining The Proper Use Of Force To Protect Oneself, Richard Klein

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

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