Digital Commons Network^™

The False Promise Of Adolescent Brain Science In Juvenile Justice, Terry A. Maroney

Notre Dame Law Review

Recent scientific findings about the developing teen brain have both captured public attention and begun to percolate through legal theory and practice. Indeed, many believe that developmental neuroscience contributed to the U.S. Supreme Court's elimination of the juvenile death penalty in Roper v. Simmons. Post-Roper, scholars assert that the developmentally normal attributes of the teen brain counsel differential treatment of young offenders, and advocates increasingly make such arguments before the courts. The success of any theory, though, depends in large part on implementation, and challenges that emerge through implementation illuminate problematic aspects of the theory. This Article tests the legal …

The New Protectionism And The American Common Market, Norman R. Williams, Brannon Denning

Notre Dame Law Review

For nearly two centuries, the U.S. Constitution through the dormant Commerce Clause has protected the American common market from protectionist commercial stale regulations and taxes. During the past two terms, however, the U.S. Supreme Court created a new exception to the dormant Commerce Clause for protectionist state and local taxes and regulations that favor public rather than private entities. In this Article, we describe this “New Protectionism” and argue that the Court's embrace of it is profoundly misguided. As we document, there is no material difference, economically or constitutionally, between public protectionism and private protectionism. As illustrated by the variety …

Opening The Door For Bias: The Problem Of Applying Transferee Forum Law In Multidistrict Litigation, Mark A. Hill

Notre Dame Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Supreme Court Of Canada, Charter Dialogue And Deference, Rosalind Dixon

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

For those concerned about the democratic legitimacy of Charter review by Canadian courts, the idea of dialogue offers a promising midway path between the extremes of judicial and legislative supremacy. Current dialogue theory, however, largely fails to live up to this promise of compromise. Instead of distinguishing democratic worries associated with US style, strong-form judicial review, it largely endorses the legitimacy of such review. For dialogue to live up to its original promise, a new theory that more clearly distinguishes Canada from the United States is required. In this article, which offers a new theory of dialogue, the willingness of …

A Minimalist Charter Of Rights For Australia: The U.K. Or Canada As A Model?, Rosalind Dixon

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

No abstract provided.

Ambiguous Statutes, Saul Levmore

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

Judge Frank Easterbrook is known for insisting that legislative intent is a misconception, bordering on oxymoron. He has also advanced the idea that legislative bargains should be upheld by courts and that where a legislature leaves a “gap,” courts should be non-activis rather than eager gap-fillers. Still, there are many cases where legislation leaves ambiguities. I suggest that the cause of an ambiguity has some bearing on the best way for a judge to resolve it. Easterbrook decisions, including an Equal Pay Act case, where (unequal) wages were based on prior compensation, are used to reveal various strategies for dealing …

Mining Hierarchical Scenario-Based Specifications, David Lo, Shahar Maoz

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Scalability over long traces, as well as comprehensibility and expressivity of results, are major challenges for dynamic analysis approaches to specification mining. In this work we present a novel use of object hierarchies over traces of inter-object method calls, as an abstraction/refinement mechanism that enables user-guided, top-down or bottom-up mining of layered scenario-based specifications, broken down by hierarchies embedded in the system under investigation. We do this using data mining methods that provide statistically significant sound and complete results modulo user-defined thresholds, in the context of Damm and Harel’s live sequence charts (LSC); a visual, modal, scenario-based, inter-object language. Thus, …

Trust Relationship Prediction Using Online Product Review Data, Nan Ma, Ee Peng Lim, Viet-An Nguyen, Aixin Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Trust between users is an important piece of knowledge that can be exploited in search and recommendation.Given that user-supplied trust relationships are usually very sparse, we study the prediction of trust relationships using user interaction features in an online user generated review application context. We show that trust relationship prediction can achieve better accuracy when one adopts personalized and cluster-based classification methods. The former trains one classifier for each user using user-specific training data. The cluster-based method first constructs user clusters before training one classifier for each user cluster. Our proposed methods have been evaluated in a series of experiments …

Trust-Oriented Composite Services Selection And Discovery, Lei Li, Yan Wang, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) environments, service clients interact with service providers for consuming services. From the viewpoint of service clients, the trust level of a service or a service provider is a critical issue to consider in service selection and discovery, particularly when a client is looking for a service from a large set of services or service providers. However, a service may invoke other services offered by different providers forming composite services. The complex invocations in composite services greatly increase the complexity of trust-oriented service selection and discovery. In this paper, we propose novel approaches for composite service representation, …

Static Validation Of C Preprocessor Macros, Andreas Saebjornsen, Lingxiao Jiang, Daniel Quinlan, Zhendong Su

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The widely used C preprocessor (CPP) is generally considered a source of difficulty for understanding and maintaining C/C++ programs. The main reason for this difficulty is CPP’s purely lexical semantics, i.e., its treatment of both input and output as token streams. This can easily lead to errors that are difficult to diagnose, and it has been estimated that up to 20% of all macros are erroneous. To reduce such errors, more restrictive, replacement languages for CPP have been proposed to limit expanded macros to be valid C syntactic units. However, there is no practical tool that can effectively validate CPP …

Revista Digital Amigos - Vol 20, Número 3, Aspectos Culturales, Semos Unlimited

Amigos Revista Digital

Cover 1
Contenido 2
El Día de Acción de Gracias 3
"Gracias a la Vida" por Violeta Parra 3
La Historia del Día de Acción de Gracias 4
Thanksgiving Recipes 5
Ancient Agriculture 6
Literatura e Idioma 8
La Historia del Idioma Español 7
Where Does English Come From? 8
Poetas Españoles 9
English Poets 10
John A. Aragón Collection 11
"Kissing Cousins" by Sabine Ulibarrí 12
Reseñas de Libros. "Rattling Chains/Ruido de Cadenas" por Nasario García 13
Citas de "Rattling Chains/Ruido de Cadenas" 14
Preguntas 15
Juego: María Blanca 16
Gobierno 1
Procesos Gubernamentales: Cómo Convertir Legislación en Ley. …

Great Blunders?: The Great Wall Of China, The Berlin Wall, And The Proposed United States/Mexico Border Fence, Helmut Langerbein

History Faculty Publications

This article presents an analysis of the Great Wall of China and the Berlin Wall which reveals that both grew from unique political, historical, geographical, cultural, and economic circumstances. The purpose of this article is to provide new arguments for a debate that all too often has been waged with emotions, polemics, and misinformation. The idea for this article evolved from discussions with colleagues and students who have asked the author on his opinion on the Berlin Wall and the proposed United States/Mexico border fence. This article could be useful for a variety of teaching activities in World History and …

Essential Tools: Version Control Systems, Konrad Hinsen, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Did you ever wish you'd made a backup copy of a file before changing it? Or before applying a collaborator's modifications? Version control systems make this easier, and do a lot more.

Recipe For Bias: An Empirical Look At The Interplay Between Institutional Incentives And Bounded Rationality In Prosecutorial Decision Making, A, Barbara O'Brien

Missouri Law Review

Prosecutors wield tremendous power, which is kept in check by a set of unique ethical obligations. In explaining why prosecutors sometimes fail to honor these multiple and arguably divergent obligations, scholars tend to fall into two schools of thought. The first schoolfocuses upon institutional incentives that promote abuses ofpower. These scholars implicitly treat the prosecutor as a rational actor who decides whether to comply with a rule based on an assessment of the expected costs and benefits of doing so. The second school focuses upon bounded human rationality, drawing on the teachings of cognitive science to argue that prosecutors transgress …

Seconds Anyone: Using The Missouri Svp Law To Punish After Time Served, Rachel Woodell Hill

Missouri Law Review

In 2006, amendments to the Missouri SVP Law took effect, lowering the state's burden of proof and changing the status under which rehabilitated individuals were permitted to rejoin society. These seemingly minor changes had enormous consequences, causing the constitutionality of the entire Missouri SVP scheme to be called into question. In the recent case, In re Care and Treatment of Van Orden, the Missouri Supreme Court addressed these concerns and found the amended scheme constitutional. However, in doing so, Missouri's highest court has effectively transformed what was once a remedial measure into a punitive sanction, under the veil of the …

Can R&D Investment Offset The Negative Impact Of Climate Change On Agricultural Productivity?, Nazrul Islam, Ruhul A. Salim

Climate Science Published Reports

Productivity growth in agriculture helps maintain the nation's economic prosperity. However, long-run productivity growth in agriculture faces several challenges such as the potential worsening of climate due to global warming and the loss of productive land due to land use competition, salinity, wind erosion and soil acidity. Strategic policy making and appropriate funding for sustained productivity growth in agriculture is therefore crucial.

Research and development (R&D) to drive innovation is an acknowledged main source of productivity growth. The development and application of technologies generated through R&D boosts agriculture's productivity. Agricultural R&D activities in Australia and in most other developed economies …

Barriers To Representation For Detained Immigrants Facing Deportation: Varick Street Detention Facility, A Case Study, Peter L. Markowitz

Articles

There is an evolving crisis in the immigration courts and federal courts of appeals caused by the lack of quality representation for immigrants facing deportation. The problem is particularly acute for immigrants who are detained during their removal proceedings. As part of the Study Group on Immigrant Representation (Katzmann study group), the Subcommittee on Enhancing Mechanisms for Service Delivery undertook a case study of the institutional and legal barriers to quality legal representation for immigrants held at the Varick Street Detention Facility in New York City. Through this lens we hope to offer some useful insights into the core factors …

Quantification Of Abnormal Repetitive Behaviour In Captive European Starlings (Sturnus Vulgaris), Bo Brilot, L Asher, G Feenders, M Bateson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Stereotypies are repetitive, unvarying and goalless behaviour patterns that are often considered indicative of poor welfare in captive animals. Quantifying stereotypies can be difficult, particularly during the early stages of their development when behaviour is still flexible. We compared two methods for objectively quantifying the development of route-tracing stereotypies in caged starlings. We used Markov chains and T-pattern analysis (implemented by the software package, Theme) to identify patterns in the sequence of locations a bird occupied within its cage. Pattern metrics produced by both methods correlated with the frequency of established measures of stereotypic behaviour and abnormal behaviour patterns counted …

Patent Examination Priorities, Michael J. Meurer

Faculty Scholarship

Measures that discourage excessive patenting and claiming, propose shared examination responsibilities, and increase staffing all have potential to raise examination quality and alleviate the patent application backlog. So far these measures have been too limited to have much impact, and there is insufficient evidence to reliably judge their effectiveness. In this Article, I consider a different approach to examination reform. I take as given a significant scarcity of examiner time, and I ask how the PTO should set examination priorities. In other words, how much of their eighteen hours should examiners devote to the various tasks they are expected to …

Latino Definitions Of Success: A Cultural Model Of Intercultural Competence, Lucas Torres

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

The present study sought to examine Latino intercultural competence via two separate methodologies. Phase 1 entailed discovering and generating themes regarding the features of intercultural competence based on semistructured interviews of 15 Latino adults. Phase 2 included conducting a cultural consensus analysis from the quantitative responses of 46 Latino adults to determine the cultural model of intercultural competence. The major results indicated that the participants, despite variations in socioeconomic and generational statuses, shared a common knowledge base regarding the competencies needed for Latinos to successfully navigate different cultures. Overall, the cultural model of Latino intercultural competence includes a set of …

October 31, 2009 (Pages 6315-6416), Pennsylvania Legislative Reference Bureau

Volume 39 (2009)

No abstract provided.

Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program Frequently Asked Questions, United States: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Fdic)

Documents

No abstract provided.

Seismic And Geodetic Constraints On Cascadia Slow Slip, Timothy I. Melbourne, Aaron G. Wech, Kenneth C. Creager

Faculty Scholarship for the Cascadia Hazards Institute

Automatically detected and located tremor epicenters from episodic tremor and slip (ETS) episodes in northern Cascadia provide a high-resolution map of Washington’s slow slip region. Thousands of epicenters from the past four ETS events from 2004 to 2008 provide detailed map-view constraints that correlate with geodetic estimates of the simultaneous slow slip. Each of these ETS events exhibits remarkable similarity in the timing and geographic distribution of tremor density and geodetically inferred slip. Analysis of the latest 15-month inter-ETS period also reveals ageodetic tremor activity similar both in duration and extent to ETS tremor. Epicenters from both ETS and inter- …

Export Behaviour Of Manufacturing Firms In Indonesia, 1990-2000, Sahminan Sahminan, Yati Kurniati

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This paper examines export behaviour of manufacturing firms in Indonesia. We use firm-level data from survey of medium and large Indonesian manufacturing industries over the period 1990-2000. Using panel data regression technique, we find the following regularities. First, there is a persistency in the firm’s decision to export as well as proportion of exported output. Second, higher wage, larger number of production employment, higher productivity and higher share of foreign ownership lead to higher probability of a firm to export. Third, higher wage leads to higher proportion of exported output. However, higher productivity or higher share of foreign ownership leads …

Meta-Analysis On The Asymmetric Effects Of Output In A Monetary Union, Mha. Ridhwan

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

The regional impact of the monetary policy has been a crucial issue especially on its distributional impact. Using Meta-Analysis, this paper run a quantitative survey on previous studies to explain the asymmetric impact of national policy on economic growth across region. Based on selected criteria we have similar researches on sample data; mainly they used VAR method.Our model estimation shows the significant and importance of capital intensity degree, the financial depth and several macroeconomic indicators in explaining the different result across region and period of these studies. In general our finding confirms the robustness of their result.Keywords: Monetary union, output, …

Strategy On Reducing Unemployment Persistence: A Micro Analysis In Indonesia, Mulyana Soekarni, Iman Sugema, Priyo R. Widodo

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This study has three main objectives namely: (1) examine the existence of the persistence of unemployment in Indonesia; (2) examine the factors that cause the persistence of unemployment in Indonesia and in some sample areas, and (3) formulate strategies and policy measures needed to reduce the level of unemployment.To achieve these objectives the activities we do is an empirical analysis through the modeling of Econometrics, unemployment accounting, and descriptive statistics. Meanwhile, the data used are secondary data and regional macroeconomic and primary data collected through interviews with workers, the unemployed, firms, bureaucrats, and unions.The study concludes that the persistence of …

Quarterly Analysis: The Progress Of Monetary, Banking And Payment System Quarter 3, 2009, Quarterly Report Team Bank Indonesia

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

The development of global economy, which tends to recover, has provided good impacts to the domestic economy. Indonesia»s economy has potentials to grow better than the early estimate, both for the year of 2009 and for the year of 2010.In 2009, Indonesia»s economy was estimated to grow 4.0-4.5%, or higher than the previous estimate, which was 3.5-4.0%. Meanwhile, for 2010, the economic growth is estimated to reach 5.0-5.5%.

Gusti Asnan, Memikir Ulang Regionalisme Sumatera Barat Tahun 1950-An. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia And Kitlv Jakarta, 2007, Xxvi + 264 Pp. Isbn 978- 979-461-640-6. Price: Idr 63,000 (Soft Cover)., Wannofri Samry

Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia

No abstract provided.

Prominence In Indonesian Stress, Phrases, And Boundaries, Ellen Van Zanten, Rob Goedemans

Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia

Many (Western) languages have word-based stress, which entails that one, predictable syllable per word is more prominent than all the other syllables in that word. Some linguists claim that such stresses also occur in Indonesian. In this article, we set out to investigate that claim using experimental, phonetic methods. The results confirm our hypothesis that Indonesian lacks word-based stress. Yet, we do observe some kind of prominence pattern. In the last part of this article, we search for the phonological phenomenon that generates this pattern, exploring the level of the phrase to see whether phrasal accents or boundary markers are …

Vygotsky's Socio-Cultural Theory Of Literacy; Scaffolding Children To Read And Write At An Early Age, Mahzan Arshad, Wu Hsueh Chen

Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia

In the article the concept of semiotic mediation, appropriation, internalization, Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and scaffolding in particular were reviewed to provide understanding of the process. Under the concept of semiotic mediation, the issue of how children learn through imitating adults was examined with inputs from second language acquisition theories. Vygotsky's concept of appropriation provides the springboard for a discussion on how children may appropriate the psychological tool of language through modeling and text meditation in the context of second language learning. It is hoped that the understanding of these concepts could lead to more insights in order to …